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Arch Ital Urol Androl 2020 Jun 24;92(2). Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Bozok Unıversıty Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Yozgat.

Objective: Varicocele is the most commonly surgically curable cause of male infertility. However, the mechanisms related to the effect of reducing fertility potential have not been clearly identified. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of varicocelectomy on semen parameters, reproductive hormones and testosterone / estradiol ratio. Read More

Arch Ital Urol Androl 2020 Jun 23;92(2). Epub 2020 Jun 23.

Woman and Child Hospital, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynecology; Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Verona.

Introduction: Andrology is the medical specialty dealing with men's health and reproductive system from birth to adulthood, including genital, hormonal, reproductive, sexual as well as psychological aspects; the aim of this study is to report our 10 year-experience Material and methods: In September 2009, a Pediatric Andrology Outpatient Clinic was opened at the Authors' Institution. The continuous request for access to the service, together with an increasingly helpful collaboration with local clinicians, has led to an increase in the number of treated patients. At the Clinic, visits are performed for both surgical and medical consultations by the multidisciplinary medical group for the treatment of conditions in the adolescent patient. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2020 19;2020:2368941. Epub 2020 May 19.

Faculty of Biosciences and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2018/3591086.]. Read More

Andrologia 2020 Jun 19:e13706. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Male factor is responsible for up to 50% of infertility cases in the world. Semen analysis is considered the cornerstone of laboratory evaluation of male infertility, but it has its own drawbacks and fails to predict the male fertility potential with high sensitivity and specificity. Different etiologies have been linked with male infertility, of which sperm DNA damage has gained significant attention with extensive research on sperm function tests. Read More

JAMA 2020 06;323(21):2210

Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.

Andrologia 2020 Jun 1:e13598. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.

Varicocele is associated with excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although the harmful effects of ROS on sperm DNA, proteins and lipids are well documented, its impact on the expression of miRNAs in spermatozoa has not been fully understood. In this study, the expression patterns of microRNAs (miRNAs), miR-21, miR-34a and miR-122a as well as the level of ROS in the fertile control (FC; proven fertility without varicocele, n = 15) and grade III varicocele patients with normal (VN; n = 15) and abnormal (VA; n = 15) spermogram were investigated. Read More

Andrologia 2020 Jun 1:e13658. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

Reproductive Medicine Department, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.

Liver-regulating herb compound (LRHC) has good effects on improving sperm quality and male fertility of varicocele (VC) patients. But the mechanism of LRHC on VC is still not clear. This study explored the effects of LRHC on histomorphological and ultrastructural changes and expression of stem cell factor (SCF) and C-KIT of VC rat testis. Read More

Aging Male 2020 Jun 1:1-8. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

Department of Urology, University of Mersin School of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey.

To investigate effect of microsurgical varicocele repair on sexual functions and serum total testosterone level in infertile hypogonadal men with varicocele, and also to determine factors that might predict improvement in total testosterone level after surgery. The study included 202 infertile hypogonadal men (total testosterone level of <3.5 ng/mL) with varicocele who underwent microsurgical sub-inguinal varicocele repair. Read More

J Xray Sci Technol 2020 May 24. Epub 2020 May 24.

Department of Urology and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.

Introduction: Testicular infarction is a rare complication of prolonged epididymitis and may be misdiagnosed as testicular torsion. In this study, we present three cases of testicular infarction and discuss their clinical characteristics, imaging features and clinical management.

Patients And Methods: Three adult males with prolonged epididymitis presented with chronic unilateral testicular pain, tenderness, and palpable swelling, including left varicocele in one case and hydrocele in the other two cases. Read More

Nutrients 2020 May 25;12(5). Epub 2020 May 25.

Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.

Varicocele is one of the main causes of infertility in men. Oxidative stress and consequently apoptosis activation contribute to varicocele pathogenesis, worsening its prognosis. Natural products, such as lycopene, showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in several experimental models, also in testes. Read More

Reprod Biol 2020 May 24. Epub 2020 May 24.

Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.

The DNA fragmentation and failure in post-meiotic maturation of the spermatozoa because of testosterone withdrawal can affect the fertilization potential in varicocele (VCL) patients. To find out the exact mechanism of VCL-induced failure in histone-protamine replacement process and DNA fragmentation, the correlations between the levels of expression of HSP70-2a, HSP90, PCNA, TP1/2 and PCNA genes and the patterns of DNA methylation were investigated before and after testosterone administration in rats. In total, 40 mature male Wistar rats (10 in each group) were assigned between control (with no intervention), control-sham (undergone a simple laparotomy), VCL-induced (VCL-sole), and testosterone-treated VCL-induced (VCLT) groups. Read More

Andrologia 2020 May 27:e13662. Epub 2020 May 27.

Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.

Varicocele (VC) is the most common treatable cause of infertility, but it is difficult to distinguish fertile from infertile VC populations because the pathogenesis is unclear. In order to study the related mechanism of VC causing male sterility, we made VC rat model by surgery, analysed the rat epididymal spermatozoa and used the transcriptome sequencing to compare all the mRNA expression differences in testicular tissue between VC rats and control rats. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of testicular tissue were also screened by the limma package in R software (version 3. Read More

Andrologia 2020 May 26:e13645. Epub 2020 May 26.

American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Varicocele is one of the major causes of male infertility and has a negative impact on spermatogenesis. The conventional semen analysis does not reveal the underlying subcellular mechanisms associated with defects in spermatozoa. Proteomics and bioinformatics analysis can be used to identify the molecular aetiologies associated with poor semen quality in varicocele patients. Read More

Urology 2020 May 20. Epub 2020 May 20.

Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA. Electronic address:

Objective: To study disease-specific knowledge and decisional quality in men with varicocele being counseled for infertility.

Materials And Methods: An instrument designed to measure decisional quality by evaluating disease-specific knowledge, decisional conflict, and the impression that shared decision-making was administered to 92 men identified to have a varicocele seeking their initial infertility consultation. Mean scores on disease-specific knowledge questionnaire, prevalence of decisional conflict, and impact of consultation on preferred infertility treatment were analyzed. Read More

Andrology 2020 May 23. Epub 2020 May 23.

Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Background: Testicular ultrasound (US) is routinely employed in the evaluation of reproductive and sexual function. However, its use for characteristics other than testicular volume is hampered by a lack of information on the prognostic value of its findings, which to date have only been incorporated in a score proposed by Lenz et al. in 1993. Read More

Free Radic Biol Med 2020 May 18;156:36-44. Epub 2020 May 18.

American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa.

Unraveling the role of reactive oxygen species and associated oxidative stress (OS) in male reproduction is one of the key areas of male reproductive research. This article illustrates the scientific landscape of OS in male reproductive research over the past several decades (1941-2018) using a scientometric approach. Scientometric data (articles per year, authors, affiliations, journals, and countries) on OS related to male reproduction were retrieved from the Scopus database and analyzed for each decade. Read More

Res Rep Urol 2020 28;12:149-156. Epub 2020 Apr 28.

The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Clinical varicoceles are one of the most commonly identified physical exam abnormalities in men presenting with infertility. Clinical varicoceles can cause impaired spermatogenesis and surgical correction can improve semen parameters in select men. Increasingly, andrologists are performing varicocele repairs prior to intrauterine insemination (IUI), in vitro fertilization (IVF), and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to boost male fertility potential. Read More

Maedica (Buchar) 2020 Mar;15(1):96-98

Zabol University of Medial Sciences, Zabol, Iran.

Vitamin D is known for its role in calcium metabolism and it has been also shown to be involved in fertility. Previous studies reported an association between the level of vitamin D and semen parameters. There are little studies regrading to this issue in Iranian men. Read More

Iran J Basic Med Sci 2020 Feb;23(2):236-243

Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Objectives: Infertility in varicocele may have an adverse outcome on the future life of an infertile male. This study was designed to investigate whether varicocele affects remote organs, including the kidney, liver, and brain. We have also evaluated the protective effects of NaHS administration on the structure and function of these organs. Read More

Ugeskr Laeger 2020 May;182(19)

In this review, we discuss varicocele testis, which is found in 15% of men from the general population, but more frequently in infertile populations. It can cause physical symptoms or impaired fertility. Varicocele severity is graded 1-3 by clinical examination, and increasing grade is associated with poorer semen quality. Read More

Vascular 2020 May 9:1708538120923548. Epub 2020 May 9.

Department of Vascular Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.

Objective: Varicocele is a common disease in young and middle-aged men. This study aims to compare the efficacy of internal spermatic vein embolization of left varicocele versus laparoscopic high ligation.

Methods: From January 2017 to September 2018, a total of 69 varicocele patients were admitted and given the opportunity to choose the treatment option. Read More

Reprod Fertil Dev 2020 May;32(8):805

The dpy-19 like 2 (DPY19L2) gene is the most common genetic cause of globozoospermia characterised by the production of round-headed spermatozoa without an acrosome. The present study was performed on 63 men with globozoospermia and 41 normozoospermic individuals to evaluate the frequency of the DPY19L2 gene and exons; deletion and genetic changes in exons 1, 5, 7-11, 19, 21 and interval introns; and some epidemiological factors (e.g. Read More

Urology 2020 May 4. Epub 2020 May 4.

Department of General Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

A 26-year-old young male presented with recent onset hypertension and left-sided varicocele. On physical examination, his blood pressure was elevated and varicoceles were visible. On evaluation with computed tomography of abdomen, a large left-sided para-aortic mass was seen. Read More

Andrologia 2020 May 7:e13641. Epub 2020 May 7.

Urology Department Lütfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

The microsurgical varicocelectomy is the gold standard treatment with a low recurrence rate and less postoperative complications. We compared the surgical outcomes and difficulty in intra-operative vascular Doppler ultrasound-assisted microscopic varicocelectomy (IVDU-MV) with MV in primary and recurrent varicocele. A total of 228 infertile patients with clinically palpable varicocele were included in the study. Read More

World J Mens Health 2020 Apr 8. Epub 2020 Apr 8.

Department of Urology, The Catholic University of Korea, St. Vincent's Hospital, Suwon, Korea.

Sisli Etfal Hastan Tip Bul 2019 11;53(2):110-113. Epub 2019 Jul 11.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the technical problems in pediatric laparoscopic surgery and to evaluate its results.

Methods: The technical problems encountered in 30 laparoscopic operations performed between 3 November 2012 and 31 December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: The technical problems experienced in 30 laparoscopic surgeries were analyzed. Read More

Iran J Basic Med Sci 2019 Jul;22(7):729-735

Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China.

Objectives: The current study was aimed to investigate the effect of morpholin-4-ium 4 methoxyphenyl (morpholino) phosphinodithioate (GYY4137) on ipsilateral epididymis injury in a rat model of experimental varicocele (VC).

Materials And Methods: Sixty Wistar rats were randomly assigned to sham, sham plus GYY4137, VC and VC plus GYY4137 groups. Sperm quality parameters, including sperm count, motility and viability were evaluated after 4 weeks. Read More

Andrologia 2020 May 5:e13629. Epub 2020 May 5.

Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Clinical varicoceles are a common cause of male infertility and affect sperm parameters as measured in a conventional semen analysis. Varicocelectomy has been shown in prospective studies to improve semen parameters in men with a clinical varicocele. Clinical varicoceles are also a well-known source of oxidative stress which may affect the quality of spermatozoa. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2020 Apr 30;21(9). Epub 2020 Apr 30.

American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.

Sperm proteins undergo post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination, which in turn play a key role in determining their fertilizing ability. In the current study, we examined the sperm proteome of men with unilateral and bilateral varicocele to identify the key proteins affected by acetylation to gain an insight into the difference in the severity of affected sperm function in the latter. An LTQ-Orbitrap Elite hybrid mass spectrometer system was used to profile the sperm proteome in pooled unilateral and bilateral varicocele patients. Read More

J Reprod Immunol 2020 Aug 18;140:103131. Epub 2020 Apr 18.

Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. Electronic address:

Objectives: An enlargement of the spermatic vein is known as a varicocele. Research studies suggest that immune system mediators such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors including VEGFR1, VEGFR2, and VEGFR3 can play a role in angiogenesis and inhibition of endothelial cell apoptosis and correspondingly suppress spermatogenesis. Thus, the purpose of this study was to measure the expression of VEGF and its receptors in infertile men with varicocele. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 May;99(18):e19738

Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University.

Rationale: Scrotal swelling is a rare complication of acute pancreatitis. It had been explained by fluid accumulation in scrotum originated from abdomen. Here we demonstrated a case of recurrent pancreatitis with hydrocele caused by impaired testicular venous drainage. Read More

Int J Low Extrem Wounds 2020 May 1:1534734620917911. Epub 2020 May 1.

Istinye University Liv Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

The purpose of this subgroup analysis is to investigate and analyze the venous leg symptoms including sense of coldness and sign of ecchymosis in patients with or without peripheral varicose veins (PVVs) from VEIN-TURKEY study population. A total of 600 patients, who were enrolled to VEIN-TURKEY study recently, were included in this subgroup analysis. Patients were examined clinically for the presence and severity of PVV and varicocele. Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2020 Apr 30. Epub 2020 Apr 30.

Department of Internal Medicine, Pratumthani Hospital, 7 Ladlumkaew Muang District, Pratumtani, 12000, Thailand.

'-Celes' is an ancient Greek language suffix that means 'tumor,' 'hernia,' 'swelling,' or 'cavity.' There are many '-celes' in the abdomen and pelvis that may be encountered during routine imaging interpretation, including santorinicele, choledochocele, ureterocele, lymphocele, mucocele, rectocele, cystocele, peritoneocele, varicocele, spermatocele, hydrocele, hematocele, pyocele and syringocele. Most '-celes' are detected incidentally at imaging for other clinical indications, but some deserve more attention due to a range of clinical symptoms or functional disorder that can adversely affect patient quality of life. Read More

Andrology 2020 Apr 30. Epub 2020 Apr 30.

Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy.

Background: Infertility affects 7%-12% of men, and its etiology is unknown in half of cases. To fill this gap, use of the male genital tract color-Doppler ultrasound (MGT-CDUS) has progressively expanded. However, MGT-CDUS still suffers from lack of standardization. Read More

PLoS One 2020 30;15(4):e0232357. Epub 2020 Apr 30.

Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.

One of the main molecular causes that contributes to varicocele-related male infertility is excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It is believed that hypoxia is an important stimulator of ROS in this condition. Recently, the significant roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in hypoxia response have emerged. Read More

Oxid Med Cell Longev 2020 13;2020:5140383. Epub 2020 Apr 13.

Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.

Since autophagy was suspected to occur in the pathological situation of varicocele (VCL), we have attempted to confirm it here using a surgical model of varicocele-induced rats. Thirty Wistar rats were divided into three groups (varicocele/sham/control) and analyzed two months after the induction of varicocele. Testicular tissue sections and epididymal mature sperm were then monitored for classic features of varicocele, including disturbance of spermatogenesis, impaired testicular carbohydrate and lipid homeostasis, decreased sperm count, increased sperm nuclear immaturity and DNA damage, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation. Read More

Andrologia 2020 Jul 30;52(6):e13626. Epub 2020 Apr 30.

Department of Dermatology & Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.

Varicocele is the most common cause of male infertility. Several theories have been proposed to explain how varicocele induces infertility. The role of epididymis in male infertility is not fully well established. Read More

Asian J Androl 2020 Apr 21. Epub 2020 Apr 21.

Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.

Prior studies have investigated sperm retrieval rates in men with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) secondary to specific etiologies, yet most cases of NOA are idiopathic. We compared sperm retrieval rates and testicular histopathology in idiopathic NOA (iNOA) and nonidiopathic NOA (niNOA). We performed a retrospective review of men with NOA who underwent microdissection testicular sperm extraction (microTESE) between 2000 and 2016. Read More

Andrologia 2020 Jul 27;52(6):e13605. Epub 2020 Apr 27.

Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China.

The aim of this study was to access whether microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy (MSV) with testicular delivery has a better therapeutic effect than MSV without testicular delivery, including semen quality, serum testosterone (T) level and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-5 score in infertility male patients with varicocele. In this prospective study, 181 patients were included and they chose the treatment by themselves. A total of 114 patients who received MSV without testicular delivery (TD) and 67 patients who received MSV with TD were followed-up 6 months after the operation. Read More

Eur J Radiol 2020 Jun 18;127:108989. Epub 2020 Apr 18.

Department of Clinical Radiology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, University Campus, 45110, Ioannina, Greece. Electronic address:

Purpose: To investigate the role of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. (1H-MRS) in the assessment of the biochemical environment of testes in infertile men with clinical varicocele.

Methods: In this prospective IRB approved study, 13 infertile men with clinical varicocele and 11 age-matched controls were assessed. Read More

Ultrasonography 2020 Mar 7. Epub 2020 Mar 7.

Department of Radiology, Istanbul Private Medigold Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the potential role of shear wave elastography (SWE) in the evaluation of testes in patients with varicocele.

Methods: A total of 116 testes of 58 patients with left-sided varicocele and 58 testes of 29 age-matched healthy controls were included in the study. The patients' testes were classified into groups A (normospermic) and B (oligospermic) based on the presence of oligospermia. Read More

J Clin Med 2020 Apr 18;9(4). Epub 2020 Apr 18.

Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, C.P.O. Box 8044, Seoul 03722, Korea.

Varicocele is the most common correctable male infertility factor and varicocelectomy has been a mainstay in the management of infertility. However, the role of varicocelectomy as a treatment option has been controversial, and the scientific debate around it is still ongoing. Our study aimed to explore the role of anthropometric variables of infertile patients and their relation to sperm parameters following varicocelectomy. Read More

Andrologia 2020 Apr 23:e13581. Epub 2020 Apr 23.

Department of Urology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.

The effects of reactive oxygen species on male fertility are governed by the oxidative paradox, defined by a delicate balance between oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity. When regulated appropriately, reactive oxygen species ensure effective function; however, when uninhibited, they represent key players in male factor infertility. Mechanisms responsible for this include oxidative destruction of sperm lipid membranes, damage to gamete DNA both by gene mutation and by direct breakdown of the DNA backbone, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptotic cell death. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2020 Jul 3;31:101171. Epub 2020 Apr 3.

Department of Urology/nephrology, King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.

Acute scrotum considered to be a common and one of the urological top emergency cases. However, acute testicular pain due to testicular vein thrombosis is rare especially if this thrombosis considered to be a complication of an infection, and not due to varicocele or malignancy-related conditions. A rare case of right epididymo-orchitis case complicated by right pampiniform plexus thrombosis, which resolved spontaneously with no anticoagulant management. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2020 Apr 22;21:e922715. Epub 2020 Apr 22.

Radiodiagnostic and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy.

BACKGROUND Nutcracker syndrome and Wilkie's syndrome are rare vascular diseases due to the abnormal course of the superior mesenteric artery originating from the abdominal aorta with reduced angle (<22°) and consequent compression of the left renal vein (nutcracker) and duodenum (Wilkie). Here, we report the case of a patient with a rare combination of these 2 syndromes and with unusual clinical manifestation of post-prandial pain. CASE REPORT We describe the case of a young male patient with rapid weight loss, coupled with post-prandial abdominal pain, with sub-acute onset, not associated with other symptoms. Read More

Reprod Fertil Dev 2020 May;32(8):727-737

Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, P.O. Box 16635-148, Tehran, Iran; and Corresponding author. Email:

The dpy-19 like 2 (DPY19L2) gene is the most common genetic cause of globozoospermia characterised by the production of round-headed spermatozoa without an acrosome. The present study was performed on 63 men with globozoospermia and 41 normozoospermic individuals to evaluate the frequency of the DPY19L2 gene and exons; deletion and genetic changes in exons 1, 5, 7-11, 19, 21 and interval introns; and some epidemiological factors (e.g. Read More

Urology 2020 Jul 16;141:143-146. Epub 2020 Apr 16.

Department of Urology, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences, Prashantigram, Puttaparthi, Andhra Pradesh, India. Electronic address:

Nutcracker syndrome is a complex of clinical symptoms due to compression of the left renal vein between abdominal aorta and superior mesenteric artery. Hematuria and pelvic or back pain are the most common presenting symptoms with varicocele being an uncommon clinical finding in these patients especially in children. Doppler ultrasound, computed tomography and selective left renal vein phlebography are useful to confirm the diagnosis. Read More

Andrology 2020 Apr 14. Epub 2020 Apr 14.

Departamento de Urologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Background: Treatment of palpable varicocele in infertile men with abnormal semen parameters is widely accepted, and physical examination (PE) remains a cornerstone for recommending varicocele repair. However, identification of clinical varicocele during PE can be challenging for both urology residents and consultants.

Objective: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of PE to color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) for the diagnosis of varicocele in experienced and non-experienced examiners. Read More

Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2020 Aug 6;149:106448. Epub 2020 Apr 6.

Dept. of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci, 14, 53100, Siena, Italy. Electronic address:

The aim of this paper was to investigate the relevance of isoprostanoids i.e., F-isoprostanes (F-IsoPs), F-neuroprostanes (F-NeuroPs) and F-dihomo-isoprostanes (F-dihomo-IsoPs) in semen quality. Read More

Int Braz J Urol 2020 Mar 25;46. Epub 2020 Mar 25.

Department of Urology, The third affiliated hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China.

Objective: Recently, several studies have found that obesity had a protective effect against varicocele, but no meta-analysis has confirmed this finding. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and varicocele.

Material And Methods: We searched for studies in PubMed, Science Direct and the Cochrane Library from inception until February 2018. Read More