10,553 results match your criteria Varicella-Zoster Virus
Medwave 2018 Oct 4;18(6):e7269. Epub 2018 Oct 4.
Proyecto Epistemonikos, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Medicina Familiar, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Email: Address: Centro Evidencia UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 476, Santiago, Chile.
Introduction: Varicella (chickenpox) is a frequent and highly contagious infectious disease, caused by the Varicella zoster virus. Traditionally, it has been recommended to focus on the management of symptoms, since there is controversy about the role of antivirals, particularly in children and adolescents.
Methods: To answer this question we used Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others. Read More
Stat Methods Med Res 2018 Oct 15:962280218803127. Epub 2018 Oct 15.
1 Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and statistical Bioinformatics, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
Frailty models have been developed to quantify both heterogeneity as well as association in multivariate time-to-event data. In recent years, numerous shared and correlated frailty models have been proposed in the survival literature allowing for different association structures and frailty distributions. A bivariate correlated gamma frailty model with an additive decomposition of the frailty variables into a sum of independent gamma components was introduced before. Read More
Acta Paediatr 2018 Oct 12. Epub 2018 Oct 12.
Childhood Cancer Research Unit, KBH, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2018 Oct 12:1-8. Epub 2018 Oct 12.
b Division of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel.
Purpose: To describe the demographics and clinical characteristics of patients with herpetic anterior uveitis (HAU), and compare characteristics by pathogen, recurrence, and association to iris atrophy.
Methods: Multicenter, retrospective study of AU patients diagnosed clinically and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Results: The study included 112 eyes in 109 patients: 54 (48. Read More
Vaccine 2018 Oct 8. Epub 2018 Oct 8.
Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Background: Varicella and herpes zoster (HZ), diseases both caused by the varicella zoster virus (VZV), are vaccine-preventable. However, the hypothesis that childhood varicella vaccination may increase the incidence of HZ hinders varicella universal routine vaccination (URV) implementation in many countries.
Methods: This non-systematic and narrative review of the literature considers the burden of varicella and HZ, and the effectiveness of the respective vaccines. Read More
Rev Neurol (Paris) 2018 Oct 8. Epub 2018 Oct 8.
Service de neurologie, hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 1, avenue Claude-Velfaux, 75010 Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2018 Oct 8. Epub 2018 Oct 8.
Department of Cardiology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Viale Tre Martiri 140, 45100, Rovigo, Italy.
Herpes zoster (HZ), which is caused by reactivation of latent varicella zoster virus (VZV), constitutes a major public health concern in both short- and long-term periods. Over the last years, several epidemiological studies have demonstrated that statin use is associated with increased risk of HZ at cerebral level. Because statins are among the most popular and best-selling drugs in western countries, this potential negative pleiotropic effect could have important implications in the daily clinical practice. Read More
Antiviral Res 2018 Nov 1;159:104-112. Epub 2018 Oct 1.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, 35233, United States. Electronic address:
The search for new compounds with a broad spectrum of antiviral activity is important and requires the evaluation of many compounds against several distinct viruses. Researchers attempting to develop new antiviral therapies for DNA virus infections currently use a variety of cell lines, assay conditions and measurement methods to determine in vitro drug efficacy, making it difficult to compare results from within the same laboratory as well as between laboratories. In this paper we describe a common assay platform designed to facilitate the parallel evaluation of antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1, herpes simplex virus type 2, varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, vaccinia virus, cowpox virus, and adenovirus. Read More
BMC Neurol 2018 Oct 4;18(1):165. Epub 2018 Oct 4.
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
Background: Herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) is an inflammation related to reactivation of the latent varicella zoster virus (VZV), involving the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve. Optic neuritis (ON), a rare ocular complication following HZO, has been reported in 1.9% of HZO-affected eyes. Read More
BMC Infect Dis 2018 Oct 3;18(1):496. Epub 2018 Oct 3.
Health Economics Department, GSK, Avenue Fleming 20, 1300, Wavre, Belgium.
Background: Herpes zoster (HZ) is a painful dermatomal rash caused by reactivation of latent varicella zoster virus surviving in the patient's sensory ganglia after a previous episode of varicella. The incidence of HZ increases markedly with age as does the proportion of HZ patients who develop postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) with often severe and debilitating pain persisting for months and even years. This prospective study aimed to assess the impact of HZ and PHN on the quality of life (QoL) of individuals aged ≥ 50 years in Germany. Read More
Transfusion 2018 Oct 4. Epub 2018 Oct 4.
Research and Development Division, Japan Blood Products Organization, Tokyo, Japan.
Background: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) contains immunoglobulin G against various viruses, except those that have been screened, such as human immunodeficiency and hepatitis C viruses. Antivirus titers reflect the serostatus of the blood donor population in the collection region and are of clinical interest.
Study Design And Methods: During the past 10 years, measles, mumps, rubella, varicella-zoster, hepatitis A and B, Epstein-Barr, and human respiratory syncytial viruses; human parainfluenza viruses 1, 2, and 3; human herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2; human herpesvirus 6; cytomegalovirus (CMV); human adenoviruses (HAdVs) 1, 2, 3, 7, and 11; human parvovirus B19; and human echovirus 9 and 11 titers in IVIG lots have been measured by a commercial testing facility. Read More
NPJ Vaccines 2018 20;3:38. Epub 2018 Sep 20.
1Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC USA.
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), a member of the beta-herpesvirus family, is the most common cause of congenital infection worldwide as well as an important cause of morbidity in transplant recipients and immunosuppressed individuals. An estimated 1 in 150 infants are infected with HCMV at birth, which can result in lifelong, debilitating neurologic sequelae including microcephaly, sensorineural hearing loss, and cognitive impairment. Natural maternal immunity to HCMV decreases the frequency of reinfection and reduces risk of congenital transmission but does not completely protect against neonatal disease. Read More
Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2018 Oct;24(5, Neuroinfectious Disease):1349-1369
Purpose Of Review: This article reviews the spectrum of neurologic disease associated with human herpesvirus infections.
Recent Findings: As more patients are becoming therapeutically immunosuppressed, human herpesvirus infections are increasingly common. Historically, infections with human herpesviruses were described as temporal lobe encephalitis caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2. Read More
Am J Case Rep 2018 Oct 1;19:1162-1167. Epub 2018 Oct 1.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kimitsu Chuo Hospital, Kisarazu, Chiba, Japan.
BACKGROUND Herpes zoster is caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus (VZV) and usually presents with vesicular skin lesions with a dermatomal distribution. Disseminated herpes zoster (DHZ) infection is characterized by non-dermatomal skin eruptions, often with involvement of other organs, and occurs in immunocompromised patients. CASE REPORT A 69-year-old man who was treated with prednisolone for amiodarone-associated interstitial lung disease, presented with seizures and altered consciousness. Read More
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2018 Nov 13;5(6):e498. Epub 2018 Sep 13.
Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO) (A.M., P.V., S.M., A. Balbo, A. Bertolotto, F.M., G.P.), Orbassano, Turin, Italy; Neurologia-CRESM (A.M., P.V., S.M., A. Balbo, A. Bertolotto, F.M., M.C.), AOU San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano, Turin, Italy; "Rita Levi Montalcini" Neuroscience Department (F.M., G.P.), University of Turin, TO, Italy; and Humanitas Hospital Gradenigo (A.D., M.L.), Turin, Italy.
Objective: To evaluate the long-term effects of rituximab (RTX) on total and specific immunoglobulins (Igs) in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs).
Methods: Total IgG, IgA, and IgM levels were evaluated in 15 patients with NMOSDs treated with RTX (median follow-up 70 months). Anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4)-IgG titration was performed on samples from 9 positive patients. Read More
Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2018 Jul-Sep;21(3):228-232
Department of Medicine, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Chickenpox (varicella) is primarily a disease of childhood which occurs due to infection with varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Primary VZV infection is rare in adults due to exposure in early childhood in our country. In adults, it is associated with some serious systemic and neurological complications which can follow both primary infection and reactivation of VZV. Read More
J Virol 2018 Sep 26. Epub 2018 Sep 26.
Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is an alphaherpesvirus that infects the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The natural host of PRV is the swine, but it can infect most mammals, including cattle, rodents and dogs. In these non-natural hosts, PRV always causes a severe acute and lethal neuropathy called the "mad itch", which is uncommon in swine. Read More
Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2018 Sep 26. Epub 2018 Sep 26.
Consultation obstétrique, Hospices civils de Lyon, Groupement hospitalier Est, Lyon, France.
Chickenpox is a human infection that occurs mainly during childhood. Infection during pregnancy is therefore rare but may cause a congenital infection with malformation in less than 1% of cases. A specific management should be proposed at diagnosis in order to reduce materno-fetal transmission and morbimortality. Read More
J Int Adv Otol 2018 Aug;14(2):233-238
Department of Surgical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS "Cà Granda", H. Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to define the typical pattern for varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation in delayed facial palsy (DFP) after stapedectomy for otosclerosis.
Materials And Methods: Review of the relevant literature, personal casistics, and case-report.
Results: In total, 48 cases of DFP after stapes surgery have been described so far, including the reported case with exclusive manifestation of atypical Ramsay Hunt syndrome (RH); in the personal series of 1253 stapedectomies, DFP occurred in only one case (0. Read More
Neurol Sci 2018 Sep 25. Epub 2018 Sep 25.
Institute of Lab Medicine, Max Superspeciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, 110017, India.
Background: Acute meningitis and encephalitis (AME) is a syndrome of central nervous system (CNS) infections, which could lead to neurological damage and fatality. This study evaluates the multiplex FilmArray® ME Panel which is aimed to diagnose agents causing suspect CNS infections in north India.
Methods: A total number of 969 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples collected between August 2016 and January 2018 from patients who showed clinical symptoms of CNS infections were analyzed using the FilmArray® ME Panel. Read More
Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2018 Sep 25:1-10. Epub 2018 Sep 25.
a Department of Ophthalmology , Peking University Third Hospital , Beijing , China.
Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics and in vivo confocal microscopic (IVCM) findings of varicella zoster virus (VZV)-related corneal endotheliitis.
Methods: Retrospectively reviewed 20 eyes with corneal edema which were diagnosed by real-time polymerase chain reaction.
Results: one had VZV infection. Read More
Vaccine 2018 Sep 22. Epub 2018 Sep 22.
University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States. Electronic address:
Herpes zoster (HZ) is a painful dermatomal rash caused by reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus. The incidence of HZ is increased for immunocompromised (IC) individuals. The objective of this study is to assess the healthcare costs incurred by IC individuals who develop HZ with or without associated complications. Read More
J Infect Dis 2018 Sep;218(suppl_2):S88-S98
Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London.
Background: The live attenuated vaccine Zostavax was developed to prevent varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation that causes herpes zoster (shingles) in older humans. However, the impact of vaccination on the cutaneous response to VZV is not known.
Methods: We investigated the response to intradermal VZV antigen challenge before and after Zostavax vaccination in participants >70 years of age by immunohistological and transcriptomic analyses of skin biopsy specimens collected from the challenge site. Read More
J Infect Dis 2018 Sep;218(suppl_2):S57-S62
Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom.
Some 50 years ago, Edgar Hope-Simpson published his hypothesis regarding the interactions between varicella and herpes zoster. As part of this hypothesis, Hope-Simpson postulated that reactivation of varicella zoster virus (VZV) was under immunological control, and that this immunological control could be boosted "endogenously" due to reactivation of latent VZV, and "exogenously" due to exposure to varicella. This hypothesis has important policy implications and remains a source of debate today; namely, does reducing VZV circulation through effective pediatric varicella vaccination programs lead to unintended increases in herpes zoster (HZ) incidence? This article provides 2 very different perspectives on this issue. Read More
J Infect Dis 2018 Sep;218(suppl_2):S99-S101
Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics, and Epidemiology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.
Using Super Learner, a machine learning statistical method, we assessed varicella zoster virus-specific glycoprotein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (gpELISA) antibody titer as an individual-level signature of herpes zoster (HZ) risk in the Zostavax Efficacy and Safety Trial. Gender and pre- and postvaccination gpELISA titers had moderate ability to predict whether a 50-59 year old experienced HZ over 1-2 years of follow-up, with equal classification accuracy (cross-validated area under the receiver operator curve = 0.65) for vaccine and placebo recipients. Read More
J Infect Dis 2018 Sep;218(suppl_2):S107-S112
Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora.
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a ubiquitous, exclusively human alphaherpesvirus that produces varicella then becomes latent in ganglionic neurons. In elderly and immunocompromised individuals, VZV reactivates and typically produces herpes zoster. Studies of patients with VZV vasculopathy have identified key clinical, imaging, and laboratory features to assist in diagnosis and treatment. Read More
J Infect Dis 2018 Sep;218(suppl_2):S113-S119
Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York.
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) infects and becomes latent in sensory, enteric, and other autonomic neurons during the viremia of varicella. Reactivation of VZV in neurons that project to the skin causes the rash of zoster; however, reactivation of VZV in enteric neurons can cause a painful gastrointestinal disorder ("enteric zoster") without cutaneous manifestations. Detection of VZV DNA in saliva of patients with gastrointestinal symptoms may suggest enteric zoster. Read More
J Infect Dis 2018 Sep;218(suppl_2):S68-S74
Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle.
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes clinically significant illness during acute and recurrent infection accompanied by robust innate and acquired immune responses. Innate immune cells in skin and ganglion secrete type I interferon (IFN-I) and proinflammatory cytokines to control VZV. Varicella-zoster virus subverts pattern recognition receptor sensing to modulate antigen presentation and IFN-I production. Read More
J Infect Dis 2018 Sep;218(suppl_2):S81-S87
Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora.
Background: Live attenuated (ZV) and recombinant adjuvanted (HZ/su) zoster vaccines differ with respect to efficacy, effect of age, and persistence of protection. We compared cell-mediated immunity (CMI responses to ZV and HZ/su.
Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial stratified by age (50-59 and 70-85 years) and by HZ vaccination status (received ZV ≥5 years before entry or not). Read More
J Infect Dis 2018 Sep;218(suppl_2):S127-S133
Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora.
Background: Immunization for herpes zoster (HZ) aims to reverse the decline in cell-mediated immunity to varicella zoster virus that occurs with advancing age or immunocompromise. There are 2 vaccines available, one live attenuated (Zoster vaccine, live attenuated [ZVL]) and, recently, a recombinant subunit vaccine (HZ/su).
Methods: The literature relevant to the two HZ vaccines was reviewed. Read More
J Infect Dis 2018 Sep;218(suppl_2):S75-S80
Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, United Kingdom.
Genetic tools for molecular typing of varicella zoster virus (VZV) have been used to understand the spread of virus, to differentiate wild-type and vaccine strains, and to understand the natural history of VZV infection in its cognate host. Molecular genetics has identified 7 clades of VZV (1-6 and 9), with 2 more mooted. Differences between the vOka vaccine strain and wild-type VZVs have been used to distinguish the cause of postimmunization events and to provide insight into the natural history of VZV infections. Read More
JAAD Case Rep 2018 Sep 14;4(8):752-760. Epub 2018 Sep 14.
Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri.
Frontline Gastroenterol 2018 Oct 3;9(4):323-324. Epub 2018 Jul 3.
Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jeroen Bosch Ziekenhuis, Den Bosch, Noord-Brabant, The Netherlands.
This case report describes a young, immunocompromised patient who presented with thoracic pain. After an extensive workup, she was diagnosed with a varicella zoster virus infection with involvement of the gastric mucosa, pancreas and lungs for which she was treated with acyclovir. Although the viral load decreased significantly, the patient had persistent postherpetic neuralgia and nausea. Read More
Tex Med 2018 Sep 1;114(9):46. Epub 2018 Sep 1.
The varicella-zoster virus does double-duty: It can cause chickenpox when you're young and reactivate later in life as a painful, blistery rash called shingles. Well, there's a vaccine for each disease. Read More
Am J Clin Pathol 2018 Sep 12. Epub 2018 Sep 12.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
Objectives: To compare multiplex nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) that detect and differentiate herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) with traditional virologic assays.
Methods: The HSV ELVIS Test System (Quidel, San Diego, CA) and/or Light Diagnostics VZV direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) kit (Millipore Sigma, Billerica, MA), as well as an ARIES HSV 1&2/VZV assay (Luminex, Austin, TX) and the Solana HSV1 + 2/VZV Assay (Quidel), were performed on non-cerebrospinal fluid specimens.
Results: The sensitivities/specificities for the ELVIS, Aries, and Solana assays for HSV were 71. Read More
Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Sep 21. Epub 2018 Sep 21.
Department of Internal Medicine, Division Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Purpose: The advances in medicine have led to an increased number of people living with some form of immunodeficiency. Most ocular infections in immunocompromised patients may lead to irreversible blindness. We identify the causes of uveitis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. Read More
J Glaucoma 2018 Sep 18. Epub 2018 Sep 18.
Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea.
Purpose: To evaluate herpesvirus infection in patients with corneal endotheliitis and high intraocular pressure (IOP) using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in aqueous humor samples.
Patients And Methods: This was a retrospective, observational study of immunocompetent patients living in South Korea. Eligible subjects had typical corneal endotheliitis with an IOP ≥21▒mmHg or required antiglaucoma medication. Read More
Infect Drug Resist 2018 5;11:1401-1411. Epub 2018 Sep 5.
Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy,
Herpes zoster (HZ) is an acute vesicular dermatitis with a typical dermatomal distribution, caused by the varicella zoster virus (VZV), often preceded and accompanied by prodromal pain or pruritus. HZ may be related to several complications such as postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). The incidence and severity of the disease increase with aging, due to immunosenescence and in particular to the decline of the specific cell-mediated immunity (CMI). Read More
Clin Ophthalmol 2018 7;12:1707-1711. Epub 2018 Sep 7.
Department of Ophthalmology, Phramongkutklao hospital, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand,
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Herpesviridae family in aqueous humor and the prevalence of antibodies against Herpesviridae family in serum.
Methods: Participants undergoing cataract surgery were included in the study. Serum for viral serology including herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella zoster virus (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) was collected. Read More
J Infect Public Health 2018 Sep 10. Epub 2018 Sep 10.
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon. Electronic address:
Concomitant disseminated herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection is a rare event. We describe a case of disseminated HSV and VZV infection in an 80-year-old patient many years after splenectomy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). This is the first case of disseminated HSV-1 and VZV infection with molecular evidence of the simultaneous presence of both viruses in two different body sites (the skin and cerebrospinal fluid). Read More
Am J Dermatopathol 2018 Sep 11. Epub 2018 Sep 11.
Summit Medical Group, Morristown, NJ.
Patients with mycosis fungoides experience considerable morbidity and mortality from secondary bacterial and viral infections. Staphylococcus aureus, β-hemolytic streptococci, herpes simplex virus, and herpes zoster virus remain the most common infectious pathogens in this group of patients. With depressed cellular immunity and diminished skin barrier as the main precipitating risk factors, immunocompromised patients can often present with an atypical presentation of a common dermatologic condition. Read More
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2018 Nov 7;5(6):e500. Epub 2018 Sep 7.
Departments of Infectious Diseases (M.E.C-T., A.F.H., M.M., C.S.L., T.H.M), Clinical Immunology (M.C.), and Clinical Medicine (T.H.M), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Université de Bordeaux (S.F.), INSERM U1212, CNRS 5320, France; St.Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases (F.R., S.-Y.Z., J.-L.C.), Rockefeller Branch, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases (S.-Y.Z., J.-L.C.), Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163; Paris Descartes University (S.-Y.Z, J.-L.C.), Imagine Institute, France; and Department of Biomedicine (M.E.C-T., S.R.P., T.H.M.), Aarhus University (AU).
Objective: Deficiency in the cytosolic DNA sensor RNA Polymerase III (POL III) was recently described in children with severe varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection in the CNS or lungs. Here, we describe a pair of monozygotic female twins, who both experienced severe recurrent CNS vasculitis caused by VZV reactivation. The clinical presentation and findings included recurrent episodes of headache, dizziness, and neurologic deficits, CSF with pleocytosis and intrathecal VZV antibody production, and MRI of the brain showing ischemic lesions. Read More
J Viral Hepat 2018 Sep 10. Epub 2018 Sep 10.
Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Unit, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Seville, Spain.
Varicella-zoster virus and hepatitis B virus reactivations have been reported after starting interferon-free direct-acting antiviral agent (DAA) combinations. HIV/HCV-coinfected patients could be a high-risk group for the reactivation of latent infections. Because of these, we report the occurrence of severe infections after starting DAA regimens in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients. Read More
Case Rep Nephrol Dial 2018 May-Aug;8(2):130-137. Epub 2018 Aug 3.
Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Dialysis, and Transplantation, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Background: Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is distributed worldwide and is highly contagious. In adults and immunosuppressed patients of any age, the clinical course is much more severe. The most severe complications are pneumonia (the main cause of lethal outcomes in this infection), encephalitis, and very rarely Reye syndrome and hepatitis. Read More
Cureus 2018 Jul 5;10(7):e2923. Epub 2018 Jul 5.
Department of Orthopaedics, CHA University, Cha Bundang Medical Center, Sungnam, KOR.
Herpes zoster is a common viral disorder that typically shows characteristic painful skin lesion. Motor neuropathy rarely complicates herpes zoster infection, and it may be overlooked without suspicion. Here, we report a case of a herpes zoster patient who presented with sciatica and paresis, but without the typical skin lesion. Read More
Acta Clin Belg 2018 Sep 6:1-4. Epub 2018 Sep 6.
c Department of Pneumology , KU Leuven, University Hospitals Leuven , Leuven , Belgium.
Objectives: Ramsay Hunt syndrome (RHS) is a rare complication of varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation with high morbidity, requiring swift and specific treatment.
Methods: We discuss the epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of RHS using a case report of a cancer patient who presented with disseminated VZV reactivation, including RHS.
Results: A 68-year old man with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma, for which he received pemetrexed maintenance chemotherapy, presented to the emergency department with a progressive skin rash despite broad spectrum antibiotics, vertigo, and diminished hearing. Read More
J Neuroophthalmol 2018 Sep 1. Epub 2018 Sep 1.
Department of Neurological Sciences (SK, LNJ), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska; Stanley M Truhlsen Eye Institute (SK), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska; and Department of Neurology (JRB), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Background: Approximately 1 million new cases of herpes zoster (HZ) occur in the United States annually, including 10%-20% with herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO). Postherpetic neuralgia, a debilitating pain syndrome occurs in 30% HZ, whereas 50% HZO develop ophthalmic complications. Diplopia from cranial nerve palsy occurs in less than 30% HZO, whereas optic neuropathy is seen in less than 1% HZO. Read More
J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2018 Sep 4. Epub 2018 Sep 4.
Department of Pediatrics, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan.
Background: Although febrile neutropenia (FN) is one of the most common adverse events produced by chemotherapy, its microbiological etiology is determined for only 15% to 30% of cases.
Objectives: We investigated the rate of viremia with common DNA viruses in patients with FN.
Study Design: From June 2012 to April 2014, 72 blood samples from 24 patients receiving chemotherapy, who experienced FN episodes, were examined for the presence of herpes viruses and other DNA viruses. Read More
J Thorac Imaging 2018 Sep 4. Epub 2018 Sep 4.
Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate CT features of pneumonias caused by the alpha Herpesviruses, herpes simplex virus (HSV), and varicella-zoster virus (VZV).
Materials And Methods: By searching the electronic medical record from 2005 to 2017, we identified 12 patients with HSV and 15 with VZV pneumonia. Four patients with coinfection were excluded from imaging analysis. Read More
Transpl Infect Dis 2018 Sep 5:e12993. Epub 2018 Sep 5.
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Long-term success of lung transplantation is limited by allograft dysfunction and frequent infections. Varicella zoster virus infection (VZV) is one of the most common opportunistic infections among solid organ transplantation recipients. However the occurrence of visceral involvement or disseminated disease, as seen after bone marrow transplantation, is rare. Read More