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Am J Obstet Gynecol 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 4;12:CD009458. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, Section Three, Ren Min Nan Lu Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041.

Background: Endometrial carcinoma is the most common gynaecologic malignancy in the world and develops through preliminary stages of endometrial hyperplasia. Atypical endometrial hyperplasia suggests a significant pre-malignant state with frank progression to endometrial carcinoma, and tends to occur at a young age. Oral progestins have been used as conservative treatment in young women with atypical endometrial hyperplasia, but they are associated with poor tolerability and side effects that may limit their overall efficacy. Read More

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2018 Dec 7;67(48):1333-1338. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC.

Uterine cancer is one of the few cancers with increasing incidence and mortality in the United States, reflecting, in part, increases in the prevalence of overweight and obesity since the 1980s (1). It is the fourth most common cancer diagnosed and the seventh most common cause of cancer death among U.S. Read More

Int Braz J Urol 2018 Oct 20;44. Epub 2018 Oct 20.

Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain.

Introduction: Endometriosis consists in the proliferation of endometrial tissue outside of the uterine cavity, predominantly in the ovaries but also in the urinary bladder or bowel. About 10% of fertile women are affected and the main symptoms are pain, menstrual disorders and infertility. Surgery is the treatment option for those symptomatic patients in which medical treatment had no success. Read More

JBRA Assist Reprod 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Fertipraxis-Centro de Reprodução Humana- RJ, Brazil.

Introduction: More than one million fertilization cycles are performed every year. The incidence of serious complications associated with transvaginal oocyte pick-up is low, but the procedure is not risk-free. Risks are inherent to procedures in which thin needles and sharp instruments are introduced into the vaginal wall and ovarian capsule to access the ovaries. Read More

Ir Med J 2018 06 7;111(6):774. Epub 2018 Jun 7.

Department of Gynaecology, the Adelaide and Meath National Children's Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland

Caesarean scar ectopic pregnancy (CSEP) is one of the rarest forms of ectopic pregnancies. With rising caesarean delivery (CD) rates worldwide, there is an increase in the incidence of CSEP. Patients usually present with painless vaginal bleeding and often misdiagnosed as spontaneous miscarriage. Read More

Arch Gynecol Obstet 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Shuaifuyuan No 1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China.

Objective: To investigate the incidence and predictors of gynecologic malignancies among postmenopausal patients with endometrial fluid collection (EFC).

Methods: All patients with EFC diagnosed by transvaginal sonography (TVS) were retrospectively reviewed if they had undergone biopsy of the endometrium from January 2008 to January 2016 in a tertiary teaching hospital. Follow-up ended in June 2017. Read More

Case Rep Urol 2018 4;2018:6183618. Epub 2018 Nov 4.

West Virginia University, Department of OB/GYN, Morgantown, WV, USA.

A urethral diverticulum is a relatively uncommon finding. The estimated prevalence is approximately 1-5% in the general population. While the definitive treatment is surgical correction, there are limited studies guiding the best approach to repair. Read More

Front Microbiol 2018 21;9:2818. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

Laboratorio de Micología Médica, UFI 11/25, Departamento de Inmunología, Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain.

Candidiasis is a major cause of human morbidity and mortality. Human uterine cervical stem cells conditioned medium (hUCESC-CM) is obtained from stromal stem cells of the cervical transformation zone, which are in permanent contact with a wide array of potential vaginal pathogens. In previous reports we have found that hUCESC-CM has antitumor and antibacterial potential. Read More

J Virol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the most common congenital infection worldwide, and a frequent cause of hearing loss and debilitating neurologic disease in newborn infants. Thus, a vaccine to prevent HCMV-associated congenital disease is a public health priority. One potential strategy is vaccination of women of child-bearing age to prevent maternal HCMV acquisition during pregnancy. Read More

J Virol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) is an abundant plasma protein with a multidomain structure allowing its interaction with many ligands including phospholipids, plasminogen, fibrinogen, IgG antibodies, and heparan sulfate. HRG has shown to regulate different biological responses such as angiogenesis, coagulation and fibrinolysis. Here, we found that HRG almost completely abrogated the infection of GHOST, Jurkat, CD4+ T cells, and macrophages by HIV-1 at low pH (range 6. Read More

BMJ 2018 Dec 5;363:k4823. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Global Coalition Against Cervical Cancer, Durham, NC, USA.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) assays on self samples and the efficacy of self sampling strategies to reach underscreened women.

Design: Updated meta-analysis.

Data Sources: Medline (PubMed), Embase, and CENTRAL from 1 January 2013 to 15 April 2018 (accuracy review), and 1 January 2014 to 15 April 2018 (participation review). Read More

Sex Transm Infect 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.

Objectives: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) increases women's susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV and may partly explain the high incidence of STI/HIV among girls and young women in East and southern Africa. The objectives of this study were to investigate the association between BV and sexual debut, to investigate other potential risk factors of BV and to estimate associations between BV and STIs.

Methods: Secondary school girls in Mwanza, aged 17 and 18 years, were invited to join a cross-sectional study. Read More

BMC Health Serv Res 2018 Dec 5;18(1):944. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR)-Headquarters, PO Box 9356, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania.

Background: The Lake and Western Zones of Tanzania that encompass eight regions namely; Kagera, Geita, Simiyu, Shinyanga, Mwanza, Mara Tabora and Kigoma have consistently been reported with the poorest Maternal Newborn and Child Health (MNCH) indicators in the country. This study sought to establish the provision of Emergency Obstetric Care (EmOC) signal functions and reasons for the failure to do so among health centers and hospitals in the two zones.

Methods: All the 261 public and private hospitals and health centers providing Obstetric Care services in Lake and Western Zones were surveyed in 2014. Read More

J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Hôpital Privé Sainte Marie, Groupe Ramsay General de Sante, Chalon sur Saône, France. Electronic address:

Introduction: Treatment of pelvic organ prolapse is an important public health issue due to the ageing population. The Food and Drug Administration, in 2011, issued a warning on complications after transvaginal insertion of high weight mesh. We evaluated a 6 tension-free straps, light prosthesis made from polypropylene monofilaments. Read More

Hum Reprod Update 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Background: The effect of postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk remains controversial.

Objective And Rationale: We aimed to systematically review the evidence regarding the role of dose, route of hormone administration, timing of initiation and duration of HT on cardiovascular risk among postmenopausal women.

Search Methods: The electronic databases Medline Ovid, Web of Science and Cochrane Central were systematically searched to identify studies published before 30 January 2018. Read More

Pediatr Emerg Care 2018 Dec;34(12):883-887

From the Pediatric Department, Hospital da Senhora da Oliveira, Guimarães, Portugal.

Objectives: Neonatal period is a peculiar life stage. This study aimed to characterize newborns' visits to the emergency department (ED) of a secondary care hospital.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of infants up to 28 days, who resorted to the ED between January and December of 2014, was performed. Read More

Curr Opin Infect Dis 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Polymicrobial Infections and Biofilms, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Purpose Of Review: Bacterial vaginosis is conventionally appreciated as a temporary community disturbance of the vaginal microbiota, though really involving self-organization as a resilient biofilm community. We will briefly review here how recent findings on this matter may affect practice and research in this field.

Recent Findings: The rapidly expanding literature base on the vaginal microbiome is largely based on 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) and cpn60 gene sequencing, with few studies accounting thus far for spatial microbiota organization. Read More

Lancet Infect Dis 2018 Nov 24;18(11):1241-1250. Epub 2018 Oct 24.

Wits RHI, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Background: Young women in southern Africa have substantial risk of HIV acquisition. Female-controlled biomedical interventions are needed to mitigate this risk. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of a pericoitally applied tenofovir 1% gel. Read More

J Sex Res 2018 Dec 3:1-12. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

d Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health; Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital; and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert School of Medicine , Brown University.

Sexual behavior is associated with increased positive affect and decreased negative affect. However, contextual variables such as partner type, behavior type, and condom use may moderate these associations. The goal of the present research was to examine these contextual moderators using monthly longitudinal data from a sample of young women. Read More

J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Introduction: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides excellent soft tissue definition of pelvic tumours and organs. The aim of this study was to quantify differences in delineated clinical target volumes (CTVs) between computed tomography (CT) and MRI.

Methods: Twenty patients with locally advanced gynaecological malignancies were recruited. Read More

Int Urogynecol J 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Paravaginal defect (PVD) has been suggested as one of the main contributors to the development of prolapse in the anterior vaginal wall (AVW). We aimed to evaluate the descent of pelvic organs, presence of vaginal H configuration, and pubococcygeus (PC) muscle defect by pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), together with subjective symptoms of prolapse, before and 6 months after PVD repair. We also aimed to evaluate risk factors of recurrence. Read More

Transl Androl Urol 2018 Dec;7(6):978-981

1Department of Urology, 2Department of Gynaecology, University College London Hospital, London, UK.

To date complete excision of a mid-urethral obturator tape has required vaginal and groin exploration-a morbid procedure. We detail the theoretical anatomy and describe the operative technique for the first ever combined laparoscopic and vaginal complete excision of mid-urethral obturator tape. This procedure was successfully performed in a 65-year-old female along with simultaneous laparoscopic redo colposuspension with complete removal of mid-urethral obturator tape and successful resolution of all symptoms including stress urinary incontinence. Read More

Integr Med Res 2018 Dec 25;7(4):303-306. Epub 2018 Oct 25.

Department of Korean Medicine Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Korean Medicine, Dae-jeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.

Uterine myoma is a common benign tumor. When the symptoms are not severe, patients are often suggested to wait for menopause without treatment. If the size becomes too large or the symptoms get worse, the patient will receive surgery or hormone therapy. Read More

Indian J Dermatol 2018 Nov-Dec;63(6):484-489

Department of VD Serology and Department of STD, Institute of Serology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

Context: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and reproductive tract infections (RTIs) constitute important public health problem worldwide. Syndromic diagnosis of vaginal/cervical discharge (VCD) is often inaccurate leading to over- or under-treatment.

Aims: This study aimed to ascertain the laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of VCD and their relative frequency in a group of patients presenting to a STI clinic in eastern India and to determine the sensitivity and specificity of clinical diagnosis. Read More

Gynecol Obstet Invest 2018 Nov 30:1-6. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai,

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features and ultrasonographic findings of uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS).

Methods: Seventy-five patients (mean age, 58.6 years) with pathologically proven UCS who were treated at our hospital from January 2003 to December 2015 were retrospectively recruited. Read More

Sex Dev 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a disorder of sex development which affects 1 in 4,500 females and is characterized by agenesis of müllerian structures, including the uterus, cervix, and upper vagina. It can occur in isolation (type 1) or in conjunction with various anomalies (type 2), with a subset of these comprising müllerian, renal, and cervicothoracic abnormalities (MURCS) association. The genetic causes of MRKH have been investigated previously yielding limited results, with massive parallel sequencing becoming increasingly utilized. Read More

Mol Cell Proteomics 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.

Women at high risk of HIV infection, including sex workers and those with active genital inflammation, have molecular signatures of immune activation and epithelial barrier remodeling in samples of their genital mucosa. These alterations in the local immunological milieu are likely to impact HIV susceptibility. We here analyze host genital protein signatures in HIV uninfected women, with high frequency of condom use, living in HIV-serodiscordant relationships. Read More

Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol 2018 Nov 29. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Département de gynécologie, hospices civils de Lyon, hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, HFME, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69000 Lyon, France.

J Comp Pathol 2018 Nov 19;165:13-22. Epub 2018 Oct 19.

Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertagstrase 15, Germany. Electronic address:

Disorders of the female genital tract are among the most common disorders in pet guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus); however, knowledge of many aspects of these disorders is sparse, especially regarding their incidence and age distribution. Ovarian cysts, as the most common genital tract disorder in guinea pigs, have been investigated in detail; however, information on the nature of these cysts is inconsistent. The present study reviewed genital tract disorders occurring within 655 full post-mortem examinations of intact female pet guinea pigs and 64 female genital tract biopsies examined over a 22. Read More

J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2018 Nov 28. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Gynecologic Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.

Study Objective: To evaluate if smooth muscle cells can be detected in pelvic washings at the time of intact hysterectomy.

Design: A multi-centered pilot cohort study (Canadian Task Force Classification of Study Design Class II-2).

Setting: Two academically affiliated tertiary referral centers. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2018 Nov 28. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Center for Clinical Studies, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.

In 1964, the first human oncovirus, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), was identified in Burkitt lymphoma cells. Since then, six other human oncoviruses have been identified: human papillomavirus (HPV), Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV), human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1), and human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8). These viruses are causally linked to 12% of all cancers, many of which have mucocutaneous manifestations. Read More

Nurs Womens Health 2018 Dec;22(6):e1-e32

The use of intermittent auscultation (IA) for fetal surveillance during labor decreased with the introduction of electronic fetal monitoring (EFM). The increased use of EFM is associated with an increase in cesarean births. IA is an evidence-based method of fetal surveillance during labor for women with low risk pregnancies and considered one component of comprehensive efforts to reduce the primary cesarean rate and promote vaginal birth. Read More

BMC Pediatr 2018 Nov 30;18(1):378. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P. O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.

Background: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) that asymptomatically colonizing the recto-vaginal area of women is the most important cause of neonatal colonization. There is paucity of evidence about newborn colonization with GBS in Ethiopia. Thus, this study was aimed to determine the prevalence of newborn colonization with GBS, antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the isolates and associated risk factors at the University of Gondar Referral Hospital in Northwest Ethiopia METHODS: A prospective cross sectional study was conducted from December 2016 to November 2017. Read More

Animals (Basel) 2018 Nov 29;8(12). Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Dpto. de Reproduccion Animal, INIA, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n., 28040 Madrid, Spain.

Induction and synchronization of estrus and ovulation in sheep is based on intravaginal progestagen-impregnated polyurethane sponges or progesterone-loaded silicon-based devices (CIDR), in either short- (6⁻7 days) or long-term (12⁻14 days) protocols. Bearing in mind that the use of intravaginal sponges in long-term protocols has been related to the presence of vaginitis at removal, we compared the effects of sponges and CIDRs, maintained during either 7 or 14 days, on vaginal features (characteristics of vaginal mucus discharge, pH and microbiota) and fertility under field conditions. Almost all the ewes treated with intravaginal sponges showed vaginal discharge at device withdrawal, which was purulent and/or bloody in around 15% and 80% of the females treated for 7 and 14 days, respectively. Read More

Int J Gynecol Pathol 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Departments of Radiation Oncology (C.R.N., J.P.H., A.C., R.V.E., S.G., J.I.S., S.M.H., D.S.K., E.A.K.) Pathology (A.K.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.

To evaluate the correlation between p16 expression and clinical outcomes in patients with primary vaginal cancer treated with definitive radiotherapy. P16 immunohistochemical was performed on 25 patient samples and recorded from pathology reports in 7 patients. P53 immunohistochemical was performed on 3 p16-negative samples. Read More

Int J Gynecol Pathol 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Pathology, Wuhan University Zhongnan Hospital, and Wuhan University Center for Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics (Q.C., Z.X., S.T., S.X.) Department of Pathology, Hubei Cancer Hospital (Manxiang W., S.J., Mingwei W.), Wuhan, Hubei Province, China Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.X.).

Muir-Torre syndrome is a rare subtype of Lynch syndrome characterized by coincidence of skin neoplasm and visceral malignancies. Here, we report a case of this rare disease, whose diagnosis of the syndrome was first suspected by the pathologist. This was a 60-yr-old woman who presented with an axillary skin nodule, which was diagnosed as basal cell carcinoma. Read More

Int J Gynecol Pathol 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Pathology, Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport (V.I.S., I.W.T.) Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (G.L.R.) Department of Musculoskeletal Pathology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham (V.P.S.) Department of Pathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast (W.G.M.), UK.

Angiosarcomas of the female genital tract are rare and primary angiosarcoma of the cervix is extremely rare with only one prior case report. We report a case of a primary cervical angiosarcoma in a 43-yr-old woman who presented with heavy vaginal bleeding. Cervical biopsy and subsequent radical hysterectomy showed a malignant vascular tumor which was composed of spindled and epithelioid cells and formed abortive vascular channels. Read More

Proteomics Clin Appl 2018 Dec 5:e1800086. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China.

Purpose: Damage to the uterosacral ligaments is an important contributor to uterine and vaginal prolapse. The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed proteins in the uterosacral ligaments of women with and without pelvic organ prolapse and analyze their relationships to cellular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of pelvic organ prolapse.

Experimental Design: Uterosacral ligament connective tissue from four patients with pelvic organ prolapse and four control women underwent iTRAQ analysis followed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of differentially expressed proteins. Read More

Int Urogynecol J 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Máxima Medical Centre, De Run 4600, 5500 MB, Veldhoven, The Netherlands.

Introduction And Hypothesis: A great variety of conservative and surgical procedures to correct vaginal vault prolapse have been reported. The aim of this study was to describe practice pattern variation-the difference in care that cannot be explained by the underlying medical condition-among Dutch gynecologists regarding treatment of vaginal vault prolapse.

Methods: A clinical practice survey was conducted from March to April 2017. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2018 1;2018:9189648. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Campinas School of Medicine, 101 Alexander Fleming Street, 13083-891 Campinas, Brazil.

Birth records as SINASC (Brazilian Live Birth Information System) are highlighted in uncommon conditions such as twin pregnancy whose prevalence rarely exceeds 2 to 3% of the total number of births. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of twin pregnancies in Brazil and their maternal and perinatal characteristics using data from the national birth e-Registry. All births in Brazil from 2011 to 2014 were assessed. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2018 1;2018:5351010. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia.

Perinatal asphyxia is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in neonates. Perinatal asphyxia occurs in association with maternal, fetal, and maternofetal factors. However, the magnitude and associated factors of perinatal asphyxia are not well studied in Tigray, Ethiopia. Read More

Case Rep Pathol 2018 31;2018:1392975. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Department of Pathology, Farwaniya Hospital, Kuwait.

Background: The transformation of nonosseous soft tissue into bone is known as osseous metaplasia (OM). This condition most commonly affects the musculoskeletal and central nervous systems and it is a well-known phenomenon in different soft tissue organs. Rarely, OM can affect the uterus, which can extend into the cervix. Read More

Case Rep Obstet Gynecol 2018 1;2018:7865832. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

Department of Pediatrics, Hoshi General Hospital, Koriyama-shi, Fukushima, Japan.

Clitoral hypertrophy is caused by disorders of sex development and it is observed from birth in most cases. We encountered a patient in whom normal morphology at birth may have acquired deformity and hypertrophy. The patient was a 10-year-old girl with a chief complaint of pudendal deformity. Read More

Front Immunol 2018 20;9:2702. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common fungal infection caused by . The antifungal therapy represents the standard of care but due to the high costs of treatment and to the inability to prevent recurrences, the development of alternative therapeutic approaches is much-awaited. Recently, we have shown that the pathogenesis of in the gut is modulated by IL-9, a pleiotropic cytokine able to promote both inflammation and tolerance during infection. Read More

Mater Sociomed 2018 Oct;30(3):193-197

Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: Episiotomy is an intended incision made through the perineal body to enlarge the vaginal orifice during the second stage of labor to ease the parturition. A cross sectional study in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, showed that 35% of the females in 2012 had an episiotomy, this slightly increased in 2015 to (36.4%). Read More

Reprod Health 2018 Dec 4;15(1):198. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, 24 D'Olier Street, Dublin, DO2 T283, Ireland.

Background: Respectful maternity care includes treating women with dignity, consulting them about preferences, gaining consent for treatment, respecting their wishes, and giving care based on evidence, not routines. In the absence of any documented evidence, this study aimed to ascertain maternity care-givers' perceptions of respectful care provided for childbearing women in Czech Republic.

Methods: Following ethical approval, an online quantitative survey with qualitative comments was completed by 52 respondents recruited from workshops on promoting normal birth, followed by snowball sampling. Read More

Rev Prat 2016 Oct;66(8):909-912

Unité de chirurgie colorectale, hôpital Michallon, CHU de Grenoble, France Université Grenoble- Alpes, UMR 5525, CNRS, TIMC-IMAG, Grenoble, France.

Surgical treatment for defaecation disorders. Defaecation disorder that resists to conservative management can be treated surgically, if morphologic pelvic disorders are demonstrated. Most authors perform laparoscopic ventral rectopexy to the promontory to treat internal rectal prolapse, full-thickness rectal prolapse and/ or rectocele. Read More

PLoS One 2018 4;13(12):e0208041. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Objective: To describe and compare outcomes in severely obese (body mass index (BMI)>35kg/m2) women and other women admitted to alongside (co-located) midwifery units (AMU) in the United Kingdom.

Methods: We carried out a national prospective cohort study using the UK Midwifery Study System (UKMidSS) in all 122 AMUs in the UK. We identified and collected data about 1122 severely obese women admitted to an AMU, 1st January-31st December 2016, and 1949 comparison women (BMI≤35kg/m2), matched on time of admission, and used Poisson regression to calculate relative risks adjusted for maternal characteristics. Read More

PLoS One 2018 4;13(12):e0207266. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

In a prospective study of twenty sexually transmitted infection (STI)-free women, we examined the impact of an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) insertion on cervico-vaginal cytokine levels. Nine women chose the levonorgestrel-containing IUCD and eight chose a copper IUCD. A cervico-vaginal swab was collected for cytokine analysis pre-insertion and four weeks post-insertion. Read More