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Trop Doct 2020 May 16:49475520922769. Epub 2020 May 16.

Associate Professor, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College & Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Osteoporosis is characterised by low bone mineral density (BMD) and is a significant public health problem in India. This cross-sectional study was done to assess the relationship between various anthropometric measures and BMD in 308 rural dwelling South Indian postmenopausal women. Anthropometric variables such as weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) and neck circumference (NC) were measured. Read More

Bone 2020 Jul 28;136:115336. Epub 2020 Mar 28.

Academic Unit of Bone Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.

Oral Bisphosphonates (BPs) are the mainstay of osteoporotic treatment, however long-term adherence remains a challenge, primarily owing to the chronic character of the disease and the regimen complexity. Poor compliance has been shown to have a clear link to fracture risk. The role of bone turnover markers (BTMs) as a tool to ascertain adherence and response to therapy is supported by their rapid response to treatment; a decrease in values is witnessed within days or weeks of commencing treatment. Read More

J Clin Lab Anal 2020 Jun 17;34(6):e23223. Epub 2020 Feb 17.

The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.

Background: Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is an estrogen deficiency-induced skeletal disorder. Bone mineral density (BMD) testing is the gold standard for diagnosing osteoporosis. However, its sensitivity for fracture risk assessment is low. Read More

Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020 Feb 7;180(1):187-195. Epub 2020 Jan 7.

Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA.

Purpose: Osteoporosis and fragility fracture are major bone toxicities of aromatase inhibitors (AIs) for postmenopausal hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Except for a few small studies on bone turnover markers and reduced bone mineral density after AI treatment, data on the associations of bone markers and risk of osteoporosis or fracture from prospective studies are lacking.

Methods: In a prospective study of 1709 women on AIs, two bone turnover markers, BALP and TRACP, and two bone regulatory markers, RANKL and OPG, were measured and examined in relation to risk of osteoporosis and fragility fractures during a median follow-up time of 6. Read More

Adv Ther 2019 10 22;36(10):2811-2824. Epub 2019 Aug 22.

University of Liège, CHU de Liège, Liège, Belgium.

Introduction: Increased biochemical bone turnover markers (BTMs) measured in serum are associated with bone loss, increased fracture risk and poor treatment adherence, but their role in clinical practice is presently unclear. The aim of this consensus group report is to provide guidance to clinicians on how to use BTMs in patient evaluation in postmenopausal osteoporosis, in fracture risk prediction and in the monitoring of treatment efficacy and adherence to osteoporosis medication.

Methods: A working group with clinical scientists and osteoporosis specialists was invited by the Scientific Advisory Board of European Society on Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO). Read More

Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2019 09 18;91(3):391-399. Epub 2019 Jun 18.

Clinical Chemistry, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.

Context: Bone loss is accelerated in the late perimenopause and early menopause. The date of the final menstrual period cannot be stated until 1 year after it has ended, and at that time, most of the rapid bone loss phase will have elapsed. Therefore, early detection of bone loss is crucial. Read More

ACS Nano 2019 05 13;13(5):5451-5464. Epub 2019 May 13.

Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy . Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Spain. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i + 12, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n , E-28040 Madrid , Spain.

Osteoporosis is the most common disease involving bone degeneration. Current clinical treatments are not able to offer a satisfying curative effect, so the development of effective treatments is desired. Gene silencing through siRNA delivery has gained great attention as a potential treatment in bone diseases. Read More

Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2019 06;26(3):125-132

Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Adrenal tumors occur in 5% of population with higher prevalence in elderly. Patients with adrenal tumors present with overt hormonal excess in up to 15% of cases, and mild autonomous cortisol secretion in 30-40% of cases. Overt Cushing syndrome, mild autonomous cortisol secretion, pheochromocytoma, and primary aldosteronism have been associated with higher cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Read More

Turk J Urol 2019 07 20;45(4):245-253. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

King George Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, India.

Objective: Maintaining the optimum bone health is one of the important concerns in patients with prostate cancer, but it usually remains neglected. Failure to screen these patients is detrimental to both the length and the quality of life. The estimation of bone mineral density (BMD) and more recently the World Health Organization's fracture risk assessment (FRAX) algorithm in appropriate patients is recommended by several specialty organizations/associations at the time of instituting androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for metastatic and high-risk individuals. Read More

Osteoporos Int 2019 Apr 6;30(4):917-922. Epub 2019 Jan 6.

Academic Unit of Bone Metabolism, The Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.

Bone markers may be useful to monitor response to treatment withdrawal in osteoporosis. We used two criteria for investigating the change in BTMs after withdrawal of bisphosphonate treatment. A larger increase in BTMs was associated with greater bone loss. Read More

Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2018 12;25(6):366-372

Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Osteoporosis is a common public health problem that is often undertreated and underdiagnosed. The clinical management of osteoporosis is often reactionary to devastating fracture events. Bone turnover markers may improve the ease and rapidity at which osteoporosis is monitored and treated. Read More

Burns 2018 12 1;44(8):1863-1869. Epub 2018 Aug 1.

Shriners Hospital for Children(®)-Galveston, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA. Electronic address:

Severe burns in children can lead to growth delays, bone loss, and wasting of lean body mass and muscle with subsequent long-term effects such as osteoporosis. The following review examines 11 randomized, placebo-controlled, prospective clinical trials in pediatric burns between 1995 and 2017. These studies included approximately 250 burned children, and they were conducted to evaluate the impact of severe burn on markers of bone formation and bone metabolism. Read More

EJIFCC 2018 Jul 11;29(2):117-128. Epub 2018 Jul 11.

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary.

With an aging population, there is a marked increase in prevalence of metabolic bone diseases, especially osteoporosis. Perhaps the most dreaded complication of metabolic bone disease, fractures typically impose a huge burden on the ailing body and are associated with high co-morbidity and mortality. The consequent public health and socioeconomic burden warrant timely diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of these disorders. Read More

J Bone Miner Res 2018 07 19;33(7):1199-1208. Epub 2018 Jun 19.

Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Current guidelines recommend that serum C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) and serum procollagen type 1 aminoterminal propeptide (PINP), measured by standardized assays, be used as reference markers in observational and interventional studies. However, there are limited data to determine whether serum CTX and PINP are associated with hip fracture risk among postmenopausal women. We determined the associations of serum CTX and serum PINP with hip fracture risk among postmenopausal women aged 50 to 79 years at baseline. Read More

Bone 2018 09 18;114:215-225. Epub 2018 Jun 18.

Department of Clinical Chemistry, Endocrine Laboratory, VU University Medical Center, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address:

Measurements of bone markers (BMs) in peripheral blood or urine are a pivotal part of bone research within modern clinical medicine. In recent years the use of BMs increased substantially as they can be useful either to diagnose bone (related) disease and to follow its natural history, but also to monitor the effects of interventions. However, the use of BMs is still complicated mainly due to (pre)analytical variability of these substances, limited accessibility of assays, variable cut-off values in different countries and laboratories and heterogeneous results with regard to clinical implications of measuring BMs in several studies. Read More

J Bone Metab 2018 May 31;25(2):73-78. Epub 2018 May 31.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Bone turnover markers (BTMs) are released during bone remodeling and are thought to reflect the metabolic activity of bone at the cellular level. This review examines BTM as a biological response marker for monitoring future fracture prediction and fracture healing processes. Substantial evidence has been of high value to investigate the use of BTM in fracture risk prediction; nevertheless, the conclusions of some studies are inconsistent due to their large variability. Read More

JCI Insight 2018 06 7;3(11). Epub 2018 Jun 7.

Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.

The WNT pathway has become an attractive target for skeletal therapies. High-bone-mass phenotypes in patients with loss-of-function mutations in the LRP5/6 inhibitor Sost (sclerosteosis), or in its downstream enhancer region (van Buchem disease), highlight the utility of targeting Sost/sclerostin to improve bone properties. Sclerostin-neutralizing antibody is highly osteoanabolic in animal models and in human clinical trials, but antibody-based inhibition of another potent LRP5/6 antagonist, Dkk1, is largely inefficacious for building bone in the unperturbed adult skeleton. Read More

J Dent Res 2018 08 4;97(9):1031-1038. Epub 2018 Apr 4.

1 Department of Cardiometabolic and Bone Disorders, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA.

Alveolar bone is a mechanosensitive tissue that provides structural support for teeth. Alveolar bone loss is common with aging, menopause, tooth loss, and periodontitis and can lead to additional tooth loss, reduced denture fixation, and challenges in placing dental implants. The current studies suggest that sclerostin and DKK1, which are established osteocyte-derived inhibitors of bone formation, contribute to alveolar bone loss associated with estrogen ablation and edentulism in rats. Read More

Sci Rep 2018 03 20;8(1):4867. Epub 2018 Mar 20.

Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria.

The assessment of bone quality and the prediction of fracture risk in idiopathic osteoporosis (IOP) are complex prospects as bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers (BTM) do not indicate fracture-risk. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are promising new biomarkers for bone diseases, but the current understanding of the biological information contained in the variability of miRNAs is limited. Here, we investigated the association between serum-levels of 19 miRNA biomarkers of idiopathic osteoporosis to bone microstructure and bone histomorphometry based upon bone biopsies and µCT (9. Read More

Clin Chim Acta 2018 Jun 12;481:161-170. Epub 2018 Mar 12.

Department of Clinical Biochemistry, PathWest Fiona Stanley Hospital Network, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia. Electronic address:

Bone turnover marker (BTMs) concentrations in blood and urine reflect bone-remodelling activity, and may be useful adjuncts in the diagnosis and management of metabolic bone diseases. Newer biomarkers, mainly bone regulatory proteins, are currently being investigated to elucidate their role in bone metabolism and disease and may in future be useful in clinical diagnosis and management of metabolic bone disease. BTM concentrations increase around menopause in women, and at a population level the degree of increase in BTMs reflect bone loss. Read More

PLoS One 2018 15;13(3):e0193846. Epub 2018 Mar 15.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Introduction: The clinical utility of denosumab for the treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) has yet to be established. This study aimed to compare the effects of denosumab on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers to those of alendronate in patients with GIOP.

Methods: A prospective, single-center study of 32 patients (18 men; median age, 66. Read More

Am J Transl Res 2017 15;9(7):3517-3527. Epub 2017 Jul 15.

Nordic Bioscience (Beijing) Ltd.Beijing, China.

The clinical utility of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) herbs/roots extracts in osteoporosis (OP) and osteoarthritis (OA) has been described in multiple reports, but there have been few studies of TCM for preventing bone loss and cartilage degradation simultaneously. Six-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats each were subjected to ovariectomized (OVX) or sham surgery and treated orally once daily with herbal extracts or vehicle. Body weight was recorded weekly, and blood samples were collected from fasting animals at different time points. Read More

Curr Drug Targets 2018 ;19(5):451-459

Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Background: Osteoporosis is a debilitating disease characterized by bone micro-architecture degradation contributing to fragility fractures. Currently, determining bone mineral density (BMD) via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the most reliable form of diagnosing osteoporosis and managing pharmacological treatment regimens. However, changes in BMD occur slowly (i. Read More

Endocr Rev 2017 08;38(4):325-350

Division of Endocrinology and Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905.

Cathepsin K is a cysteine protease member of the cathepsin lysosomal protease family. Although cathepsin K is highly expressed in osteoclasts, lower levels of cathepsin K are also found in a variety of other tissues. Secretion of cathepsin K from the osteoclast into the sealed osteoclast-bone cell interface results in efficient degradation of type I collagen. Read More

Adv Clin Chem 2017;81:97-134. Epub 2017 Feb 16.

PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia. Electronic address:

Biochemical markers of bone turnover (BTM) are released during bone remodeling and can be measured in blood or urine as noninvasive surrogate markers for the bone remodeling rate. The C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (βCTX) is released during bone resorption and is specific to bone tissue. Assays have been developed to measure βCTX in blood and in urine; most current use of βCTX measurement for research and in clinical practice is performed on a blood sample. Read More

Mol Diagn Ther 2017 08;21(4):401-418

Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, Division of Bone Diseases, University Hospital of Geneva, 64 Av de la Roseraie, CH-1205, Geneva, Switzerland.

The measurement of bone turnover markers is useful for the clinical investigation of patients with osteoporosis. Among the available biochemical markers, the measurements of serum procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP) and the crosslinked C-terminal telopeptide (serum CTX) have been recommended as reference markers of bone formation and bone resorption, respectively. The important sources of preanalytical and analytical variability have been identified for both markers, and precise measurement can now be obtained. Read More

J Hand Surg Am 2017 Feb;42(2):71-77

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA. Electronic address:

Purpose: To examine whether premenopausal women with distal radius fractures (DRF) have lower levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and increased levels of serum bone turnover markers (BTM) compared with control subjects without fracture.

Methods: Premenopausal women with DRF (n = 20) were prospectively enrolled and compared with age-matched individuals without a fracture (n = 20). Outcome measures included serum levels of 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), markers of bone formation (osteocalcin [OC], N-terminal extension propeptide of type I collagen [P1NP], and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase [BSAP]), and markers of bone resorption (C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen [CTX]). Read More

Clin Chem 2017 Feb 9;63(2):464-474. Epub 2016 Dec 9.

Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.

Background: Disorders of bone metabolism, most notably osteoporosis, are highly prevalent and predispose to fractures, causing high patient morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis and monitoring of bone metabolic defects can present a major challenge as these disorders are largely asymptomatic and radiographic measures of bone mass respond slowly to changes in bone physiology.

Content: Bone turnover markers (BTMs) are a series of protein or protein derivative biomarkers released during bone remodeling by osteoblasts or osteoclasts. Read More

Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2016 Sep 13;5(9):e363. Epub 2016 Sep 13.

NanoMedicines Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Sclerostin is a protein secreted by osteocytes that is encoded by the SOST gene; it decreases bone formation by reducing osteoblast differentiation through inhibition of the Wnt signaling pathway. Silencing the SOST gene using RNA interference (RNAi) could therefore be an effective way to treat osteoporosis. Here, we investigate the utility of lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations of siRNA to silence the SOST gene in vitro and in vivo. Read More

Endocrine 2016 May 23;52(2):222-5. Epub 2016 Feb 23.

Department of Clinical Biochemistry, PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Fiona Stanley Hospital, 102-118 Murdoch Drive, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia.

The purpose of the present study was to examine of the current role of bone turnover markers (BTMs) in the management of osteoporosis. Perusal of the literature examines the available evidence for the utility of BTMs for decision to treat and for the monitoring of treatment for osteoporosis. There is no evidence for the use of BTMs for fracture risk calculation, decision to treat or for treatment selection. Read More

J Bone Miner Res 2016 Apr 24;31(4):874-81. Epub 2016 Jan 24.

Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.

Mutations in the LRP4 gene, coding for a Wnt signaling coreceptor, have been found to cause several allelic conditions. Among these, two are characterized by a strong skeletal involvement, namely sclerosteosis and Cenani-Lenz syndrome. In this work, we evaluated the role of LRP4 in the pathophysiology of these diseases. Read More

Clin Calcium 2015 Jan;25(1):105-13

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hori Hospital, Japan.

The target to treat osteoporosis is prevention for future fractures. After the evaluation of cathepsin K inhibitors (CKIs) which was developed as antresorptive agents, there is evidence that these agents also possess anabolic activity, suggesting that CKIs differ from so called antiresorptive agents such as bisphosphonates and denosumab. The classification of agents for treatment of osteoporosis has been changed. Read More

J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015 Jan;100(1):90-9

School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (S.A.P.C., J.P.B., S.D.V.) and School of Medicine and Pharmacology (S.A.P.C., L.M., L.F., B.B.Y.), University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia; Biochemistry Department (S.A.P.C., E.B., J.P.B., S.D.V.), PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, 6009 Western Australia, Australia; Department of Medicine (P.R.E.), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3146, Australia; Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease (J.G.), School of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Queensland; Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (J.G.), The Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland 4810, Australia; and Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes (B.B.Y.), Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle 6160, Western Australia, Australia.

Context: Reference intervals for bone turnover markers (BTMs) and relationships between BTM and fracture risk in older men are not well characterized.

Objective: The purpose of this article was to determine the reference intervals for serum total osteocalcin (tOC), undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC), N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen (PINP), and collagen type I C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide (CTX-I) in healthy older men and to explore factors associated with BTMs, including hip fracture risk.

Participants And Setting: We studied a population-based cohort of 4248 men aged 70 to 89 years, 4008 of whom had serum samples available for analysis. Read More

Osteoporos Int 2015 Feb 16;26(2):617-27. Epub 2014 Sep 16.

Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,

Summary: The aim of this study was to determine whether bone turnover markers (BTMs) predict changes in areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in middle-aged and elderly European men. Older men with high bone turnover are at a higher risk of accelerated hip bone loss, but the clinical utility of BTMs in individuals is limited.

Introduction: Prospective studies on the value of BTMs to predict changes in aBMD in men are few and conflicting. Read More

Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2014 Jul 19;9(7):1160-2. Epub 2014 Jun 19.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York

Maturitas 2014 Jul 2;78(3):199-204. Epub 2014 May 2.

Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States. Electronic address:

Monoclonal antibodies to molecular targets important for bone formation and bone resorption are being investigated for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Postmenopausal osteoporosis is characterized by increased bone turnover, with bone resorption typically exceeding bone formation. These pathophysiological changes cause decreased bone mineral density and disruption of bone microarchitecture which lead to low-trauma fractures. Read More

Health Technol Assess 2014 Feb;18(11):1-180

Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, York, UK.

Background: There is currently no standard practice for the monitoring of patients receiving treatment for osteoporosis. Repeated dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is commonly used for monitoring treatment response, but it has its limitations. Bone turnover markers have advantages over DXA as they are non-invasive, relatively cheap and can detect changes in bone turnover rates earlier. Read More

Haemophilia 2014 Mar 7;20(2):268-75. Epub 2013 Oct 7.

Haemophilia Centre of Northern Greece, Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Haemophilia A and B have been associated with increased prevalence of low bone mineral density (BMD). However, the utility of bone turnover markers (BTM) remains unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate bone metabolism in men with haemophilia and to investigate associations between BTM and bone disease. Read More

J Transl Med 2013 Aug 29;11:201. Epub 2013 Aug 29.

Department of Biochemistry, The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough TS4 3BW, UK.

Osteoporosis is characterised by low bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue, resulting in increased fragility and susceptibility to fracture. Osteoporotic fractures are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Direct medical costs from such fractures in the UK are currently estimated at over two billion pounds per year, resulting in a substantial healthcare burden that is expected to rise exponentially due to increasing life expectancy. Read More

Org Biomol Chem 2013 Sep;11(35):5747-71

Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, via F.lli Cervi 93, 20090 Segrate (Milan), Italy.

This review focuses on the chemical structure, biosynthesis and synthesis of free and glycosylated pyridinolines (Pyds), fluorescent collagen cross-links, with a pyridinium salt structure. Pyds derive from the degradation of bone collagen and have attracted attention for their use as biochemical markers of bone resorption and to assess fracture risk prediction in persons suffering from osteoporosis, bone cancer and other bone or collagen diseases. We consider and critically discuss all reported syntheses of free and glycosylated Pyds evidencing an unrevised chemistry, original and of general utility, analysis of which allows us to also support a previously suggested non-enzymatic formation of Pyds in collagen better rationalizing and justifying the chemical events. Read More

Ir J Med Sci 2014 Mar 5;183(1):47-52. Epub 2013 Jun 5.

Metabolism Laboratory, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland,

Background: Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b (TRACP5b) is a serum bone resorption marker. Our aim was to investigate its utility in monitoring metabolic bone disease.

Methods: Serum TRACP5b, C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen, urine N-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen and free deoxypyridinoline were measured pre- and post-treatment with a parathyroid hormone analogue [PTH (1-34)] (n = 14) or a bisphosphonate (N-BP) (n = 8). Read More

Clin Lab 2012 ;58(7-8):845-50

Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.

Background: The goal was to find out the clinical significances of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b (TRACP 5b), a biomarker of bone resorption, and bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and osteocalcin, two markers of bone formation, in evaluating the osteoporotic fracture risk in Chinese patients.

Methods: Thirty six Chinese osteoporotic fracture patients and 32 Chinese healthy subjects were included in the study. Bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar spine and total body were determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in all subjects. Read More

Osteoporos Int 2012 Oct 14;23(10):2425-33. Epub 2012 Jul 14.

University of California, San Francisco, USA.

Unlabelled: This position paper reviews how the National Bone Health Alliance (NBHA) will execute a project to help assure health professionals of the clinical utility of bone turnover markers; the current clinical approaches concerning osteoporosis and the status and use of bone turnover markers in the USA; the rationale for focusing this effort around two specific bone turnover markers; the need to standardize bone marker sample collection procedures, reference ranges, and bone turnover marker assays in clinical laboratories; and the importance of harmonization for future research of bone turnover markers.

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a major global health problem, with the prevalence and incidence of osteoporosis for at-risk populations estimated to be 44 million Americans. The potential of bone markers as an additional tool for health care professionals to improve patient outcomes and impact morbidity and mortality is crucial in providing better health care and addressing rising health care costs. Read More

Calcif Tissue Int 2012 Sep 11;91(3):204-14. Epub 2012 Jul 11.

Cranfield Health, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK.

Multivariate prediction algorithms such as FRAX® and QFractureScores provide an opportunity for new prognostic biomarkers to be developed and incorporated, potentially leading to better fracture prediction. As more research is conducted into these novel biomarkers, a number of factors need to be considered for their successful development for inclusion in these algorithms. In this review, we describe two well-known multivariate prediction algorithms for osteoporosis fracture risk applicable to the UK population, FRAX and QFractureScores, and comment on the current prognostic tools available for fracture risk; dual X-ray assessment, quantitative ultrasonography, and genomic/biochemical markers. Read More

Int J Womens Health 2012 12;4:167-74. Epub 2012 Apr 12.

Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Queen Giovanna - ISUL.

Bisphosphonates are the most widely prescribed treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis, secondary osteoporosis, and male osteoporosis. Notwithstanding their high effectiveness and favorable safety profile, the adherence to bisphosphonate treatment remains low. Different treatment strategies aim to improve the clinical effectiveness of bisphosphonate therapy. Read More

J Osteoporos 2011 15;2011:704015. Epub 2011 Dec 15.

INSERM UMR 1033, Université de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Pavillon F, Place d'Arsonval, 69437 Lyon, France.

In men aged less than 60, the association of serum and urinary levels of biochemical bone turnover markers (BTMs) and bone mineral density (BMD) is weak or not significant. After this age, higher BTM levels are correlated weakly, but significantly, with lower BMD and faster bone loss. Limited data from the cohort studies suggest that BTM measurement does not improve the prediction of fragility fractures in older men in comparison with age, BMD, history of falls and fragility fractures. Read More

CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol 2012 Nov 14;1:e14. Epub 2012 Nov 14.

Pfizer, Pharmacometrics, Global Clinical Pharmacology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

A mathematical model component that extends an existing physiologically based multiscale systems pharmacology model (MSPM) of calcium and bone homeostasis was developed, enabling prediction of nonlinear changes in lumbar spine bone mineral density (LSBMD). Data for denosumab, a monoclonal antibody osteoporosis treatment, dosed at several levels and regimens, was used for fitting the BMD component. Bone marker and LSBMD data extracted from the literature described on/off-treatment effects of denosumab over 48 months [Miller, P. Read More

Womens Health (Lond) 2011 Nov;7(6):689-98

Department of Bone Biology & Biomarkers, Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev, Denmark.

Monitoring bone turnover of the adult and aging skeleton is essential for optimal treatment of bone metabolic diseases, such as postmenopausal osteoporosis. Diagnosis of osteoporosis is based solely on dual-emission x-ray absorptiometry-based measurements of bone mineral density. However, within the last 20 years, biochemical markers of bone turnover have been implemented to a larger degree, and especially within the field of drug development. Read More

Osteoporos Int 2012 Apr 8;23(4):1191-8. Epub 2011 Sep 8.

Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Fractures are common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and associated with substantially high morbidity and mortality. Bone mass measurements are commonly used to assess fracture risk in the general population, but the utility of these measurements in patients with CKD, and specifically among those on hemodialysis, is unclear. This review will outline the epidemiology and etiology of fractures in patients with CKD with a particular emphasis on men and women on hemodialysis. Read More