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Pathol Res Pract 2022 Jun 26;234:153916. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Pathology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA. Electronic address:

Blue light cystoscopy is utilized to assist Urologists highlight potentially malignant -bladder lesions that might otherwise be undetected by standard cystoscopic techniques. There is a paucity of published studies in the literature regarding the histopathologic findings in this setting, especially regarding false positive lesions. A search was performed for patients who underwent blue light cystoscopy at our institution from 2017 to 2021. Read More

Cureus 2022 Feb 9;14(2):e22046. Epub 2022 Feb 9.

Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EGY.

Urothelial papilloma is a rare benign neoplasm composed of a delicate fibrovascular core covered by normal urothelium. In this report, we present a case of an incidentally detected endovesical papillary growth in ultrasound scan (USS) during a routine check-up, suggestive of bladder tumor which was also suggested by CT urography. The tumor was initially managed with transurethral resection and immediate intravesical instillation of mitomycine C 40 mg. Read More

Andes Pediatr 2021 Oct;92(5):777-780

Departamento de Cirugía Infantil, Hospital Exequiel González Cortes, Santiago, Chile.

Introduction: Inverted urothelial papilloma is a very rare neoplasm in the pediatric population. Because of the low incidence of cases and the reports of atypical components, the management and follow-up plan is not standardized.

Objective: To report a case of inverted papilloma in a female adolescent and to review the diagnostic approach, management, and follow-up plan for this entity. Read More

Comput Math Methods Med 2021 16;2021:3781028. Epub 2021 Nov 16.

Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810000, China.

Objective: To study computed tomography (CT) imaging characteristics of bladder tumors, to explore the value of CT in tumor diagnosis, and to identify the relevant factors of CT missed diagnosis so that medical staff can be more accurate in the diagnosis of bladder tumors.

Methods: To retrospectively analyze the CT manifestations of 153 bladder tumor cases confirmed by paraffin pathology in our hospital and to study the difference between the benign and CT imaging features. CT indicators mainly include the number, location, morphology, calcification, bladder wall smoothness, CT value, degree of enhancement, and invasion of surrounding tissues and organs. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2022 Jan 2;40:101926. Epub 2021 Nov 2.

Citrus Memorial Hospital, Inverness, FL, USA.

Inverted urothelial papilloma (IUP) is an unusual tumor that typically presents as a non-invasive, endophytic urothelial neoplasm. Though fairly well described in the bladder, IUP of the upper urinary tract is fairly rare, with only 68 cases documented in English language literature. Our patient presented with an IUP of the distal left ureter and was treated with a distal ureterectomy and reimplant of the ureter with a psoas hitch. Read More

Vet Pathol 2022 01 20;59(1):138-142. Epub 2021 Oct 20.

University of Messina, Messina, Italy.

A 12-year-old neutered female cat was referred with clinical signs referable to lower urinary tract disease. Clinical examination revealed a tense, painful urinary bladder, and proximal urethral thickening. Endoscopic studies showed a pedunculated mass with polypoid projections. Read More

Int J Surg Pathol 2022 May 19;30(3):260-264. Epub 2021 Oct 19.

University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.

Condyloma acuminatum is a squamous epithelial lesion which uncommonly involves the urinary tract. In this location, non-invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma constitutes one of the main differential diagnoses with significant prognostic and therapeutic implications. To date, no ancillary immunohistochemical stain has been described to differentiate these two entities. Read More

Georgian Med News 2021 Jul-Aug(316-317):178-184

Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia.

Urothelial carcinoma represents the most common type of bladder cancer (>90%) and is the most frequent malignancy of the urinary tract. Most of the urothelial carcinomas are non-invasive at the time of diagnosis, however they are characterised with the risk of recurrence after surgical treatment. The aim of our study was to investigate the characteristics of tumor heterogeneity and markers of its progression in urothelial papillary carcinomas. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2022 Jan;47(1):e11-e13

Department of Pathology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Abstract: A 64-year-old man was referred because of the right ureteral obstruction. CT urography showed an intraluminal enhancing mass in the right midureter and an enhancing nodule in the bladder wall. FDG PET/CT showed increased FDG uptake of the ureteral mass and an unexpected hypermetabolic lesion in the jejunum. Read More

Aktuelle Urol 2021 Feb 1;52(1):43-46. Epub 2021 Feb 1.

University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Department of Urology, Luebeck.

Intravesical chemotherapy instillation is a unique method of treatment confined to urothelial neoplasia. Within the last decades, the substances Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and mitomycin C (MMC) have evolved as the standard regimens for intravesical therapy. However, there are other chemotherapeutic substances, which are used less frequently, such as gemcitabine. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2021 Mar 19;35:101543. Epub 2020 Dec 19.

Department of Urology, Prince Muhammed Bin Nasser Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.

Bladder cancer is relatively common in the general population but is considered a rare entity in children. Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most frequently encountered bladder tumor in children. Inverted papilloma of the urinary bladder is a rare presentation in adults and is considered extremely rare in the pediatric age group. Read More

J Postgrad Med 2021 Jul-Sep;67(3):182-183

Department of Pathology, Seth G.S. Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Hum Pathol 2021 03 8;109:53-58. Epub 2020 Dec 8.

Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA. Electronic address:

The spectrum of neuroendocrine (NE) tumors in the genitourinary tract ranges from the aggressive large and small cell carcinomas to the often benign paraganglioma and well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor (WD-NET). At least 15 pure lower urinary tract (LUT) WD-NETs have been described. Owing to the rarity of WD-NET in the LUT and the limited number of reported cases, a better definition of their biologic long-term behavior is warranted. Read More

Infect Agent Cancer 2020 28;15:52. Epub 2020 Aug 28.

Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, 1419733141 Iran.

Background: Bladder cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death in adults worldwide. There are various risk factors described for the bladder cancer development including genetic background as well as environmental exposure. Currently, infectious agents such as human papilloma virus (HPV) has also been linked to bladder cancer risk. Read More

Urology 2020 10 16;144:158-163. Epub 2020 Jul 16.

Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center at UAB, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical features, pathologic features, and prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the bladder. SCC of the bladder is known to be associated with conditions that cause chronic inflammation/irritation. The literature is inconsistent regarding the association of HPV with pure SCC of the bladder. Read More

European J Pediatr Surg Rep 2020 Jan 23;8(1):e23-e26. Epub 2020 Apr 23.

Department of Pediatrics, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary.

Urothelial neoplasms of the bladder (UNB) are considerably rare throughout the pediatric population. UNB develops from the urothelial tissue in the form of a benign disease, generally favoring a successful prognosis in the majority of cases. The authors present the diagnosis and treatment regarding two medical case reports in which urothelial papilloma was diagnosed and effectively treated. Read More

Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020 Jun 18;30:101766. Epub 2020 Apr 18.

Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer using 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) has recently attracted attention as a diagnostic method for observing cancer lesions based on fluorescence emission using a fluorescent endoscope. However, there are few reports of false positives associated with benign bladder neoplasms. Here, we provide report of two cases of inverted papillomas of the bladder that were fluorescent on PDD using 5-ALA. Read More

Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2020 Jan-Mar;63(1):96-97

Department of Urology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Inverted papilloma of urothelium is a rare benign tumour accounting for 1-2% of all the urothelial lesions. Morphologically, these are of two main subtypes - trabecular and glandular, of which the former subtype is most frequently encountered compared to the latter. The glandular subtype closely mimics cystitis glandularis and urothelial carcinoma with inverted growth pattern. Read More

J Pathol 2020 04 28;250(4):464-465. Epub 2020 Feb 28.

Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.

Hinyokika Kiyo 2019 Nov;65(11):463-467

The Department of Molecular Pathology, Shinshu University School of Medicine.

A 69-year-old male complained of gross hematuria. Cystoscopy revealed a papillary pedunculated tumor. The tumor was approximately 4 cm in length, and mimicked an inverted papilloma with a small stalk and smooth surface, located on the bladder trigone. Read More

Ann Diagn Pathol 2020 Feb 22;44:151433. Epub 2019 Nov 22.

Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, The Methodist Hospital and Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Most urothelial neoplasms of the bladder show an exophytic papillary pattern, but some show an inverted growth pattern. In 2004, the World Health Organization (WHO) released a detailed histologic classification system for papillary urothelial neoplasms, but not for inverted forms. The International Consultation on Urologic Disease (ICUD) recommendations of 2012 are applicable to inverted/endophytic papillary lesions as follows: 1) inverted papilloma (IP), 2) inverted papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential (IPUNLMP), 3) inverted papillary urothelial carcinoma, low grade, non-invasive (IPUCLG-NI), 4) inverted papillary urothelial carcinoma, high grade, non-invasive (IPUCHG-NI), 5) inverted papillary urothelial carcinoma, high grade, invasive (IPUCHG-I). Read More

Future Oncol 2019 Nov 18;15(33):3797-3807. Epub 2019 Sep 18.

Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.

To evaluate the role of preoperative platelet distribution width (PDW) as a potential biomarker for distinguishing malignancy and tumor advantage of bladder neoplasm. The study included 210 subjects with bladder cancer, 76 subjects with urothelial papilloma and 132 healthy control subjects. Preoperative PDW along with other blood indices was evaluated. Read More

Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2020 Apr 8;34 Suppl 1:e8578. Epub 2020 Feb 8.

Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.

Rationale: Accumulating evidence has linked prolonged exposure to heavy metals to cancer occurrence in the urinary system. However, the specific biological mechanisms responsible for the association of heavy metals with the unusually high incidence of upper tract urothelial carcinoma in Taiwan are complex and incompletely understood.

Methods: To elucidate the specific biological mechanism and identify molecular indicators of the unusually high association of upper tract urothelial carcinoma with heavy metal exposure, protein expression following the treatment of T24 human bladder carcinoma and RT4 human bladder papilloma cell line models with arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) was studied. Read More

Hum Pathol 2019 10 24;92:18-24. Epub 2019 Jul 24.

Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322; Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322; Department of Pathology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033; Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322. Electronic address:

Urothelial carcinoma with an inverted/endophytic growth pattern can occasionally mimic inverted urothelial papilloma and pose diagnostic challenges when assessing the presence or absence of invasion. Making these distinctions is critical for guiding appropriate treatment and improving patient outcomes. Here we conducted one of the largest studies to date of invasive high-grade urothelial carcinoma arising in a background of urothelial carcinoma with an inverted growth pattern. Read More

J Pathol 2019 09 2;249(1):3-5. Epub 2019 Jul 2.

Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.

A recent study has identified gene mutations involving the MAPK/ERK pathway, particularly the HRAS gene, in all inverted urothelial papillomas (IUPs), in the absence of pathway mutations in TERT promoter, FGFR3, and TP53/RB1genes. Neither recurrence nor progression was observed in IUPs. These data support several longstanding hypotheses: (1) IUPs are benign and do not recur or progress; (2) they harbor mutations that are different from those of urothelial carcinoma; and (3) they arise through different molecular mechanisms than low- or high-grade urothelial carcinoma. Read More

J Pathol 2019 07 22;248(3):260-265. Epub 2019 Apr 22.

Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.

Inverted urothelial papilloma (IUP) and urothelial papilloma (UP) are rare urothelial neoplasms that typically follow a benign clinical course. Oncogenic mutations in FGFR3, HRAS, and the TERT promoter have been reported in these entities but no comprehensive molecular analysis has been performed. We sought to characterize the genomic landscape of IUP and UP using whole-exome and targeted next-generation sequencing. Read More

Sci Rep 2018 10 19;8(1):15477. Epub 2018 Oct 19.

Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.

Copy number alterations and loss of heterozygosity are associated with increasing tumor grade and bladder cancer stage. Our previous study suggested that co-expression of Ki-67 and p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) could provide an indicator of an abnormal DNA damage response (DDR) pathway. The present study investigated 53BP1 expression as a novel molecular marker in urothelial carcinoma (UC) using bladder tissues with in total of 40 cases including a normal urothelium, urothelial papilloma, low-grade UC, or high-grade UC. Read More

Turk Patoloji Derg 2019 ;35(1):22-27

Department of Pathology, 1Sultanbeyli State Hospital, ISTANBUL, TURKEY.

Objective: Nested variant is bland-looking but aggressive subtype of urothelial carcinoma (UC). Cases having significant muscle invasion do not cause problems but small and superficial biopsies may be challenging due to morphological similarities between nested variant urothelial carcinoma and benign urothelial lesions.

Material And Method: We studied Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1), which is an integral membrane protein providing glucose pass through plasma membrane down its concentration gradient, to see if it is useful for the differential diagnosis. Read More

Bull Cancer 2018 Jun 1;105(6):556-561. Epub 2018 May 1.

Ospedale dei Bambini V. Buzzi, Pediatric Surgery Department, Via Castelvetro 32, 20154 Milano, Italy.

Objective: To report a series of 5 patients with urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) three of them with a history of exposure to amines and only two with gross hematuria.

Materials And Methods: After obtaining ethical and legal authorization, we performed a restrospective monocentric study. We collected information of patients with UBC over a period of 10 years. Read More