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Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2019 Apr 22. Epub 2019 Apr 22.

Department of Obstetrics, Fetal Medicine and Surgery - Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, Paris, France.

Objectives: Inadequacy between currently available fetoscopes and anatomical constraints of the fetal bladder account for most technical difficulties during fetal cystoscopies (FC) in lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO). The aim of this anatomical study was to assess by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) the variations in three bladder angles (bladder-neck angle (BNA), vesicourethral angle (VUA), dome-urethra angle (DUA)) with gestational age (GA), bladder volume or the presence of LUTO.

Methods: 46 MRIs of male fetuses (17 LUTO at 28. Read More

Scand J Urol 2019 Apr 22:1-5. Epub 2019 Apr 22.

c Department of Pediatric Surgery , Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki , Finland.

Objective: To analyze which factors in the history of a posterior urethral valve (PUV) patient relate to lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in adulthood. This study also aimed to evaluate whether the patients have developed signs of a myogenic failure of detrusor.

Materials And Methods: LUTS were evaluated with a DAN-PSS questionnaire in 78 adult patients treated for PUV in childhood. Read More

Front Pediatr 2019 2;7:118. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Department of Urology, Charité Medical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

We reviewed the literature addressing outcomes of fetal intervention of conditions that require post-natal urological management including lower urinary tract obstruction, hydrometrocolpos, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and myelomeningocele. Despite several decades of fetal intervention for these conditions, benefits remain elusive in part because of the enormous difficulty of conducting prospective randomized studies. In this review, we reached the following conclusions: Prenatal intervention in lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO) improves survival in the worst cases by improving pulmonary function and it may be advantageous for renal function, particularly in patients with adverse urine parameters. Read More

Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2019 Apr;51(2):293-297

Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness and complications between enterocystoplasty and small intestinal submucosa (SIS) cystoplasty through follow-ups of patients with augmentation cystoplasty in Peking University People's Hospital, offering alternative approach for future treatment.

Methods: In this study, retrospective analyses were carried out in 10 patients who underwent enterocystoplasty or SIS cystoplasty in Peking University People's Hospital from November 2011 to December 2016. Clinical data were collected including medical history, surgical procedures, laboratory examinations and complications. Read More

Curr Urol Rep 2019 Apr 15;20(6):29. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Division of Urology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 125 Patterson St, MEB 584A, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Compare outcomes of medical therapy as compared to minimally invasive surgical therapy (MIST) for treatment of bladder outlet obstruction RECENT FINDINGS: Treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH) remains largely driven by patient symptomatology with medical therapy or watchful waiting as the first-line management strategies. However, most patients are not adherent to prescribed medical therapies and are hesitant to accept the risks associated with more invasive therapies. Minimally invasive surgical therapies are treatments providing short-term symptom relief superior to medical therapies without the sequela of more invasive procedures. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Apr;98(15):e15145

Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea.

Rationale: Patients with Down syndrome (DS) have a higher incidence of nonneurogenic neurogenic bladder (NNB) than do normal subjects. Renal failure may occur frequently in NNB patients. Although most of the cases of NNB patients with DS reported to date have been acute renal injuries, we report a patient with DS who was diagnosed late with urinary tract obstruction due to NNB that finally proceeded to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Read More

Front Pediatr 2019 29;7:103. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Hôpital des Enfants Reine-Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.

Fetal renal pelvis dilation is a common condition, which is observed in 1-4. 5% of pregnancies. In many cases, this finding resolves spontaneously. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019 Apr 14:1-171. Epub 2019 Apr 14.

h Department of Child Health , Changning Maternal and Child Health Hospital , Shanghai , China.

Objective: The aim of this prospective observational study was to establish a suitable model for the postnatal follow-up and management of prenatal renal and urinary tract anomalies in Shanghai, China.

Methods: Minhang and Changning maternal child health care hospitals were selected to establish the integrated management model. Newborns with prenatal renal and urinary tract anomalies in these two centers were eligible to participate in the study from 2015 to 2017. Read More

J Pediatr Urol 2019 Mar 14. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.

Objective: The objective of this video is to illustrate feasibility of the ureteral ligation for the treatment of massive ureteroceles associated with non-functioning upper kidney moieties in duplex kidneys.

Materials And Methods: In this video, one case is presented to demonstrate this novel technique. A nine-year-old boy presented with progressive lower urinary tract symptoms. Read More

J Pediatr Urol 2019 Mar 16. Epub 2019 Mar 16.

Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Instituto da Criança - Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Introduction: The diagnosis of renal function impairment and deterioration in congenital urinary tract obstruction (UTO) continues to be extremely challenging. The use of new renal biomarkers in this setting may favor early renal injury detection, allowing for a reliable choice of optimal therapeutic options and the prevention or minimization of definitive renal damage.

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate a selection of promising biomarkers of renal injury with the intention of evaluating and comparing their profile with clinically based decisions for surgical intervention of infants with congenital obstructive uropathies. Read More

Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, and Texas Children's Fetal Center, Houston, Texas, USA.

Objective: Congenital lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO) is a rare condition with high perinatal mortality and morbidity when associated with severe oligohydramnios or anhydramnios in the second trimester of pregnancy. Severe pulmonary hypoplasia and end-stage renal disease are the underlying causes of poor neonatal outcomes in these cases. However, little is known about the subset of fetal LUTO with a normal amount of amniotic fluid at mid-gestation. Read More

Minerva Urol Nefrol 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Department of Urology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospital, Sheffield, UK.

Introduction: In the last decade therapeutic options for patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) have constantly increased. Although transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is still considered the surgical gold standard, different lasers and advanced techniques have been introduced as alternatives to TURP.

Evidence Acquisition: A non-systematic Medline/Pubmed literature search was performed with different combination of terms including: "BPH", "M-TURP", "B-TURP" "bladder outlet obstruction", "YAG laser", "Diode laser", "Potassium titanyl phosphate", "KTP", "bladder outlet obstruction" (BOO), "BOO in small prostate". Read More

Prenat Diagn 2019 Apr 8. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Prenatal Medicine, University Hospital UKGM, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.

Objectives: Cardiac remodeling due to renal dysfunction may have an impact on myocardial function (MF) of fetuses with lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO). The aim was to identify possible differences in MF in LUTO fetuses compared to healthy controls and to look for interactions between urine biochemistry and MF indices.

Methods: This is a cohort study consisting of 31 LUTO fetuses and 45 healthy controls. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Apr 5;12(4). Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Department of Nephrology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Prostate cyst, as an extrarenal manifestation in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, although infrequent, nevertheless goes beyond tenuous concomitance and may rarely contribute to recurrent urinary tract infection or outflow obstruction and mostly remains asymptomatic. In this context, we report a case of incidentally detected, an asymptomatic prostatic cyst in a patient of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019 Apr 6;4:CD012044. Epub 2019 Apr 6.

Postgraduate Program on Society, Technology and Public Policies (SOTEPP); Department of Medicine, Centro Universitário Tiradentes (UNIT/AL), Av. Comendador Gustavo Paiva, 5017, Cruz das Almas, Maceió, AL, Brazil, 57038-000.

Background: Lower urinary tract symptoms caused by benign prostatic obstruction (LUTS/BPO) represents one of the most common clinical complaints in men. Physical activity might represent a viable first-line intervention for treating LUTS/BPO.

Objectives: To assess the effects of physical activity for lower urinary tract symptoms caused by benign prostatic obstruction (LUTS/BPO). Read More

PLoS Med 2019 Apr 5;16(4):e1002777. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy.

Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most frequent genetically determined renal disease. In affected patients, renal function may progressively decline up to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and approximately 10% of those with ESRD are affected by ADPKD. The somatostatin analog octreotide long-acting release (octreotide-LAR) slows renal function deterioration in patients in early stages of the disease. Read More

Gastroenterol Res Pract 2019 28;2019:2789764. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

National Institute of Medical Science and Nutrition Salvador Zubiran, Department of Gastroenterology, Mexico City, Mexico.

Nosocomial extrapancreatic infections in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) are associated with a higher mortality even after adjusting the risk for the severity of the pancreatitis. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical features of hospitalized patients with AP who died during their hospitalization and to evaluate risk factors associated with mortality. We performed a descriptive study of the clinical features of adult patients who died from AP during their hospitalization and a case control study with a paired group of patients that survived AP during a 10-year period. Read More

Pediatr Nephrol 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.

Background: The association between the clinical presentation of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) and gene mutations has yet to be fully explored.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we examined patients with CAKUT who underwent gene analysis. The analysis was performed in patients with bilateral renal lesions, extrarenal complications, or a family history of renal disease. Read More

Case Rep Nephrol 2019 27;2019:4903693. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.

Acute kidney injury due to urinary tract obstruction invariably suggests lower urinary tract obstruction or bilateral ureteric obstruction since obstruction of a single kidney while the contralateral kidney is normal and not obstructed would not cause a perceptible rise in creatinine. Assuming a total body volume of 42 L, 70 kg male that generates approximately 1400 mg of creatinine daily (20 mg/kg/day) who has complete urinary tract obstruction would experience a 3.33 mg/dL per day increase in serum creatinine. Read More

Arch Ital Urol Androl 2019 Mar 29;91(1):58-59. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Department of Urology, M.G. Vannini Hospital, Rome.

Introduction: Zinner syndrome is a rare developmental anomaly of the Wolffian (mesonephric) duct which is characterized by a triad of obstruction of the ejaculatory duct, the ipsilateral seminal vesicle cyst, and the ipsilateral renal agenesis. Usually is totally asymptomatic, however it can also determine symptoms such as lower urinary tract symptoms, perineal pain, ejaculatory disorders such as painful ejaculation or hematospermia, and infertility.

Case Report: We present a case of a 51 years old men with a 3-year history of lower urinary tract symptoms, perineal pain, obstructed defecation, recurrent urinary tract infections and infertility. Read More

Arch Ital Urol Androl 2019 Mar 29;91(1):11-15. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Giresun University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Giresun.

Objective: Urinoma is a rare entity and mainly occurs due to acute obstruction such as ureteral stone. We aimed to demonstrate factors associated with urinoma accompanied by ureteral calculi.

Material And Methods: Data of 550 patients who were diagnosed with ureteral stone by computed tomography (CT) were analyzed retrospectively. Read More

Nat Commun 2019 04 1;10(1):1476. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China.

Early detection and accurate monitoring of chronic kidney disease (CKD) could improve care and retard progression to end-stage renal disease. Here, using untargeted metabolomics in 2155 participants including patients with stage 1-5 CKD and healthy controls, we identify five metabolites, including 5-methoxytryptophan (5-MTP), whose levels strongly correlate with clinical markers of kidney disease. 5-MTP levels decrease with progression of CKD, and in mouse kidneys after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Read More

Am J Obstet Gynecol 2019 Mar 26. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Center for Urogynecology & Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery, Obstetrics, Gynecology & Women's Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.

Objective: To describe the incidence of and factors associated with lower urinary tract (LUT) complications recognized in the immediate postoperative period following hysterectomy for benign gynecologic indications using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database.

Methods: Patients who underwent hysterectomy for benign indications from 2014 through 2016 were identified in the NSQIP database using Current Procedural Terminology codes and International Classification of Diseases codes. Patient demographics, preoperative comorbidities, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification system scores and total operating time were collected. Read More

Urologe A 2019 Apr;58(4):437-450

Kantonsspital Frauenfeld, Klinik für Urologie, Spital Thurgau AG, Pfaffenholzstrasse 4/Postfach, 8501, Frauenfeld, Schweiz.

The spectrum of surgical procedures for the minimally invasive treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has significantly increased over the last two decades. The simple suprapubic prostatectomy (subtotal prostatectomy, SP) has largely lost relevance in current practice. On the other hand, transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) has been further standardized and potentially made safer by the introduction of the bipolar technique and low-pressure systems. Read More

Dev Cell 2019 Mar;48(6):743-744

Departments of Urology, Genetics and Development, and Pathology, Columbia University, 1130 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address:

Ectopic or supernumerary ureteric bud (UB) branches can result in urinary tract obstruction. In this issue of Developmental Cell, Zhang et al. (2019) show that Ret and Fat4, which are expressed on the surface of the UB and surrounding stromal cells, respectively, interact directly to restrict branching during UB outgrowth. Read More

J Feline Med Surg 2019 Mar 26:1098612X19838286. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Surgery Department, Austin Veterinary Emergency & Specialty Center, Austin, TX, USA.

Case Series Summary: Medical records were reviewed for cats that underwent a perineal urethrostomy performed in dorsal recumbency for the treatment of urethral obstruction. Information, including signalment, reason for presentation, number of previous obstructions, surgery time, and perioperative and postoperative complications, were collected through a review of medical records and owner follow-up. The objective was to evaluate short- and long-term complications in cats that underwent perineal urethrostomy performed in dorsal recumbency for treatment of urethral obstruction. Read More

J Xray Sci Technol 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Department of Radiology, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of fluoroscopic guided percutaneous antegrade ureteral stents placement used for treatment of malignant ureteral obstruction.

Methods: Between April 2016 and March 2018, fluoroscopic guided percutaneous ureteral stents was performed in 25 patients, including 7 patients (28%) with bilateral obstruction. The most common cancer diagnoses were cervical cancer (28%), rectal cancer (24%) and colon cancer (16%) among these patients. Read More

Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019 Mar 25. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Departmente of Human Physiology and Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University.

Neural mechanisms of lower urinary tract symptoms in obstruction-induced bladder overactivity remain unclear. We made the first single unit recordings from the different type of spinal afferents to determine the effects of bladder outlet obstruction in guinea pigs. A model of gradual bladder outlet obstruction in male guinea pigs was used to produce overactive bladder. Read More

Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2019 Mar 25. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY.

Introduction: Lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO) in the fetus may result in massive bladder distention, renal dysfunction, oligohydramnios, and lung hypoplasia. The hemodynamic impact of this pathophysiology has not been well-described.

Methods: We included fetuses diagnosed with severe LUTO with giant bladder and with at least one fetal echocardiogram performed at our center from January 2005 to May 2018. Read More

Cell Physiol Biochem 2019 ;52(3):617-632

Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA.

Background/aims: Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) may cause kidney injury and mitochondrial dysfunction, which is linked to cellular senescence. Elamipretide, a mitochondria-targeted peptide, improves renal function in ARAS, but whether it alleviates senescence is unknown. We hypothesized that elamipretide would reduce senescence stenotic kidney (STK) in ARAS. Read More

Pharm Biol 2019 Dec;57(1):169-175

d Department of Urology , Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China.

Context: Ursolic acid (UA; 3β-hydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid), one of the pentacyclic triterpenoids found in various plants and herbs, possesses some beneficial effects under pathological conditions, including combating hepatic fibrosis.

Objective: This study investigates the effects of UA on renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in vivo and in vitro.

Materials And Methods: In vivo, 24 male C57BL6 mice were divided into four groups. Read More

Oncologist 2019 Mar 22. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are monoclonal antibodies directed at negative regulatory components on T cells, such as cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4, programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), and its ligand, programmed cell death ligand-1. ICIs initate antitumor immunity; however, these agents are associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that may affect a variety of organs. Renal irAEs most commonly present with asymptomatic acute kidney injury (AKI), which is often detected by routine laboratory testing. Read More

Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2019 02;39(2):156-161

Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.

Objective: To explore the effect of telmisartan on the expression of metadherin in the kidney of mice with unilateral ureter obstruction.

Methods: Eighteen male C57 mice were randomized into sham-operated group, model group and telmisartan treatment group. In the latter two groups, renal interstitial fibrosis as the result of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO) was induced by unilateral ureteral ligation with or without telmisartan intervention. Read More

Kidney Int 2019 May 8;95(5):1138-1152. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, UK; Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.

Mutations in leucine-rich-repeats and immunoglobulin-like-domains 2 (LRIG2) or in heparanase 2 (HPSE2) cause urofacial syndrome, a devastating autosomal recessive disease of functional bladder outlet obstruction. It has been speculated that urofacial syndrome has a neural basis, but it is unknown whether defects in urinary bladder innervation are present. We hypothesized that urofacial syndrome features a peripheral neuropathy of the bladder. Read More

Int J Urol 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan.

Objectives: To determine a follow-up plan for mild congenital hydronephrosis in Japanese individuals.

Methods: Neonates at Kansai Medical University Hospital (Hirakata, Osaka, Japan) who were diagnosed with mild congenital hydronephrosis - defined as a Society for Fetal Urology grade 1 or 2 - at 1-month old by abdominal ultrasonography between 2014 and 2016 were enrolled. These patients were encouraged to undergo repeated abdominal ultrasonography for 2 years every 3 months to investigate the course of congenital hydronephrosis. Read More

Urol J 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Department of Urology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Medical School, Rize, Turkey.

Purpose: To investigate whether postvoiding residual bladder volume (PVR) and uroflowmetry parameters associate with bladder sensation in male patients with bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and to find out the reliable time of these examinations.

Materials And Methods: Sixty men with bladder outlet obstruction underwent transabdominal ultrasound in order to measure postvoiding residual volume and uroflowmetry. At the first day, PVR was measured while the patients had mild bladder sensation. Read More

BMC Complement Altern Med 2019 Mar 14;19(1):64. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: We investigated the effects of a berry mixture formula (modified Ojayeonjonghwan (Wuzi Yanzong Wan, MO formula) on detrusor overactivity (DO).

Methods: The MO formula consisted of 5 seeds obtained from 5 types of berry plants. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups: sham-operated (control), partial urethral obstruction-induced DO (DO group), 0. Read More

Low Urin Tract Symptoms 2019 Mar 12. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Department of Urology, Hospital São João, Porto, Portugal.

Underactive bladder (UAB) is a multifactorial symptom complex often related to detrusor underactivity (DU). Although recognized as a common cause of lower urinary tract symptoms and with significant effects on quality of life, UAB/DU is largely underresearched. Herein, we review up-to-date knowledge on the pathophysiological mechanisms of UAB/DU, with an emphasis on the relationship between UAB and bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). Read More

Life Sci 2019 Apr 10;223:29-37. Epub 2019 Mar 10.

Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China. Electronic address:

Aims: Renal fibrosis is the most common final stage of progressive renal disease, characterized by fibroblast proliferation, fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation and excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) exerts antitumor, antibacterial, and antifibrotic effects. The aim of this study was to determine whether DHA has beneficial effects on unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced renal fibrosis in mice and to examine explore the underlying possible mechanisms. Read More

Asian J Androl 2019 Feb 26. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea.

We aimed to develop and validate a clinical nomogram predicting bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) solely using routine clinical parameters in men with refractory nonneurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). A total of 750 eligible patients ≥50 years of age who had previously not responded (International Prostate Symptom Score [IPSS] improvement <4 points) to at least three different kinds of LUTS medications (including a-blocker) for the last 6 months were evaluated as subcohorts for nomogram development (n = 570) and for split-sample validation (n = 180). BOO was defined as Abrams-Griffiths number ≥40, or 20-39. Read More

Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2019 Jan 11. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

The Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's and Children's Foundation Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG, UK; The Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.

Congenital bladder neck obstruction (or lower urinary tract obstruction [LUTO]) describes a heterogeneous group of congenital anomalies presenting with similar prenatal ultrasonographic findings of dilated posterior urethra, megacystis, hydronephrosis, oligohydramnios and often with associated renal dysplasia. Untreated LUTO has high rate of perinatal morbidity and mortality from associated pulmonary hypoplasia and early-onset renal failure in infancy. Ultrasonographic features and prospective fetal urinalysis may help in predicting the overall prognosis of congenital LUTO. Read More

Turk J Urol 2019 Feb 4. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA.

According to the International Continence Society standardization reports, underactive bladder (UAB) is a decrease in detrusor contraction and/or shortening of the contraction time, resulting in an incomplete and/ or prolongation of the bladder emptying within the normal time frame. It has been indicated that idiopathic, neurogenic, myogenic, and iatrogenic factors play a role in the etiology. To make a diagnosis, it is absolutely necessary to perform a pressure-flow study. Read More

Prostate 2019 May 27;79(7):746-756. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.

Background: Inhibition of prostate smooth muscle contraction by α -adrenoceptor antagonists (α -blockers) is a first-line medical treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Increased smooth muscle tone in the hyperplastic prostate may drive urethral obstruction, resulting in bladder outlet obstruction and voiding symptoms. However, efficacy of α -blockers is limited, as non-adrenergic mediators including endothelin-1 and thromboxane A (TXA ) increase prostate smooth muscle tension in parallel to α -adrenoceptors. Read More

J Med Microbiol 2019 Apr 26;68(4):549-554. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

1 Biomaterials-Related Infection Group, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.

To determine micro-organisms attached to removed urethral catheters and relate this to patient-specific information. Indwelling urethral catheters were collected from patients at a UK teaching hospital. The balloon and lumen were sonicated, and micro-organisms were enumerated. Read More

World J Urol 2019 Feb 25. Epub 2019 Feb 25.

Department of Urology, Singapore General Hospital, Academia Level 5, 20 College Road, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.

Introduction: Though clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease worldwide, there is still much confusion in the literature and the many clinical guidelines as to its definition. Often the disease is associated with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and managed according to only symptoms. This leads to undertreatment in some patients with severe bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) with no symptoms, and overtreatment in patients with LUTS but no clinical BPH. Read More

J Pediatr Urol 2019 Jan 23. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Department of Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a marker of acute kidney injury, and has been shown to be a sensitive marker of renal damage in urinary tract obstruction. Children with neurogenic bladders are at risk of renal damage as a result of increased pressure within the urinary system. A marker of upper tract deterioration in this population would be useful to guide management. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Apr 22;86(4):354-359. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Pediatrics, Kasturba Hospital, Manipal, Karnataka, India.

Objectives: To study the etiology and clinical profile of congenital obstructive uropathy in children, renal status and growth at diagnosis and at follow-up and to determine the predictors for development of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: An observational (retrospective-prospective) study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in South India from September 2014 through September 2016. Sixty children diagnosed to have congenital obstructive uropathy with a minimum follow-up period of 5 y were included and followed up prospectively for 2 more years during the study period. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Feb 21;12(2). Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, Bronx, New York, USA.

A 54-year-old female patient with hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus type 2 was brought to emergency room by the family members for acute change in mental status. The laboratory evaluation demonstrated findings consistent with acute renal failure (normal renal function 3 months prior to presentation). She was initiated on hemodialysis due to lack of improvement in renal function. Read More

Low Urin Tract Symptoms 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Radiodiagnosis, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.

Objective: This study investigated whether the resistive index (RI) of prostate and bladder sonomorphologic parameters (total prostate volume [TPV], detrusor wall thickness [DWT], intraprostatic protrusion [IPP]) can be used instead of urodynamic studies (UDS) to predict bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).

Methods: Men aged ≥50 years with clinical BPH/LUTS were prospectively enrolled included. Basic evaluations, measurement of sonomorphologic parameters, and UDS were performed in accordance with the International Continence Society's Good Urodynamics Practices protocol. Read More