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J Pak Med Assoc 2022 Jun;72(6):1128-1132

Final Year MBBS Student, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.

Objective: To evaluate causes of community-acquired and hospital-acquired acute kidney injury and the factors associated with increased inpatient mortality.

Methods: The observational prospective study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from September 2018 to March 2019, and comprised patients having acute kidney injury either at the time of admission in group A or developed it after 48 hours of hospital stay in group B. The patients were followed up for 12 weeks and outcomes were categorised as recovered, developed chronic kidney disease, died or remained dialysis-dependent. Read More

Cureus 2022 May 21;14(5):e25182. Epub 2022 May 21.

General Medicine, Rehman Medical Institue, Peshawar, PAK.

Ciprofloxacin is a commonly used drug in our setup. Neurological disturbances are rare side effects of its use and are reported in older adults, patients with comorbidities, or patients with a background of psychiatric illness and antipsychotic drug use. We report the case of a 21-year-old female who developed delirium after taking ciprofloxacin for a urinary tract infection. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2022 Jun 8;58(6). Epub 2022 Jun 8.

Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, 20132 Milano, Italy.

To avoid complications related to mid-urethral slings (MUS), alternative procedures to treat stress urinary incontinence (SUI), such as urethral bulking agents (UBAs) have been adopted. The aim of this review is to narratively report the efficacy and safety of UBAs for SUI treatment. For this review, research from PubMed and EMBASE was performed to evaluate relevant studies that were undertaken from January 2012 to January 2022. Read More

J Pers Med 2022 Jun 20;12(6). Epub 2022 Jun 20.

CEMAD Digestive Diseases Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.

Recurrent cystitis (RC) is a common disease, especially in females. Anatomical, behavioral and genetic predisposing factors are associated with the ascending retrograde route, which often causes bladder infections. RC seems to be mainly caused by agents derived from the intestinal microbiota, and most frequently by . Read More

Antibiotics (Basel) 2022 Jun 3;11(6). Epub 2022 Jun 3.

Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common infectious diseases at the community level. The continue misuse of antimicrobials is leading to an increase in bacterial resistance, which is a worldwide problem. The objective of this work was to study the incidence and pattern of antimicrobial resistance of the main bacteria responsible for UTI in the community of central and northern Portugal, and establish an appropriate empirical treatment. Read More

Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022 Aug 6;69(8):e29532. Epub 2022 Jan 6.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.

Background: Outcome of children with bladder-prostate rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) has improved with multimodal therapies, including surgery and/or radiotherapy for local treatment. Our aim was to report long-term urological complications after a conservative approach combining conservative surgery and brachytherapy.

Patients And Methods: Eighty-six patients, free of disease, were retrospectively reviewed. Read More

Andes Pediatr 2022 Apr;93(2):222-228

Hospital Roberto del Río, Santiago, Chile.

Kidney abscess is an unusual entity in childhood with few studies about its clinical characteris tics.

Objective: To report the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and therapy used in a cohort of 20 children with kidney abscess.

Patients And Method: retrospective study of cases of kidney abscess during a 10-year period at the Hospital Roberto del Río. Read More

GMS Hyg Infect Control 2022 11;17:Doc05. Epub 2022 Apr 11.

Ministry of Health, General Directorate of Public Health, Ankara, Turkey.

Aim: Secondary bloodstream infections (SBSIs) are caused by another infection and differ from primary bloodstream infections (PBSIs) in terms of prevention and treatment strategies. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for bloodstream infections which were secondary to the most common healthcare-associated infections caused by the most common microorganisms in intensive care units (ICUs) and to examine whether extended-spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) production and carbapenem resistance is related to the higher risk or not.

Methods: The study population consisted of patients in ICUs with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), ventilator-associated event (VAE) or catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) caused by or between 2014 and 2019. Read More

Future Microbiol 2022 Jun 15. Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India.

Diagnosis of urogenital tuberculosis (UGTB) is difficult and there is an immediate need to develop a reliable diagnostic test. A real-time immuno-PCR (RT-I-PCR) was developed to identify a cocktail of MPT-64 + ESAT-6 in both male/female UGTB patients comprising five confirmed cases, 40 clinically suspected cases and 37 non-TB controls, from whom mid-stream urine specimens were collected, while endometrial biopsies of female patients were obtained on day 1 of their menstrual cycle. Results obtained by RT-I-PCR were compared with I-PCR/ELISA and GeneXpert. Read More

J Assoc Physicians India 2022 Jun;70(6):11-12

MGM Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India.

Background: There are a handful of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors available in the global and Indian markets to manage type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, head-to-head comparison between different SGLT2 inhibitors is scarce. Therefore, the present study was aimed to analyze the effect of different SGLT2 inhibitors on glycemic control and body weight in Indian patients with T2DM. Read More

J Inflamm Res 2022 8;15:3337-3353. Epub 2022 Jun 8.

Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.

Purpose: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) can evoke a rapid host immune response leading to bladder inflammation and epithelial damage. Neuroimmune interactions are critical for regulating immune function in mucosal tissues. Yet the role of nociceptor neurons in bladder host defense has not been well defined. Read More

Cureus 2022 May 9;14(5):e24843. Epub 2022 May 9.

Department of Internal Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, PAK.

Introduction And Objective: Treatment has become more challenging due to an aging population, polypharmacy and high prevalence of comorbid illness, antimicrobial antibiotic allergy or sensitivity, an increase in the number of individuals with underlying immunological or structural abnormalities, as well as the frequency of multidrug-resistant infections. Many multidrug-resistant bacteria are still susceptible to nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin, two ancient medicines. Their high urine concentrations and low toxicity give them an advantage over newer medications. Read More

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2022 Jun 14;11(1):84. Epub 2022 Jun 14.

MedStar Health, Washington, DC, USA.

Background: Uncomplicated urinary tract infections (uUTIs) are one of the most common bacterial infections in the United States (US). Contemporary data are important for understanding the health economic impact of antimicrobial-resistant uUTIs. We compared the economic burden among patients with uUTI isolates susceptible or not-susceptible to the initial antibiotic prescription. Read More

BMJ Open Gastroenterol 2022 06;9(1)

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, USA.

A 79-year-old woman and a 92-year-old woman were referred to the gastroenterology department for management of persistent colovaginal fistula despite surgical and non-surgical management. Both patients had several hospitalisations for recurrent urinary tract infections. After failed surgical management and endoscopy using over-the-scope clipping, both patients underwent endoscopic closure using the Amplatzer cardiac septal occluder device. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2022 Jun 13;22(1):542. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Background: The burden of carbapenem resistance is not well studied in the Middle East. We aimed to describe the molecular epidemiology and outcome of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) infections from several Saudi Arabian Centers.

Methods: This is a multicenter prospective cohort study conducted over a 28-month period. Read More

J Am Coll Radiol 2022 Jun 8. Epub 2022 Jun 8.

University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address:

Urologia 2022 Jun 10:3915603221103438. Epub 2022 Jun 10.

Clinical Education and Research Center, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, Izumo, Japan.

Aim: The widespread existence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing () has become a critical threat in developed countries. Prediction rule for ESBL producing is relevant to see patients with suspected urinary tract infection.

Materials And Methods: We collected clinical and laboratory data and constructed multivariate logistic regression models to develop a clinical prediction rule in the derivation cohort with 1185 patients with urine cultures and validated the rule in the validation cohort with 516 patients. Read More

Int J Clin Pract 2022 30;2022:6807203. Epub 2022 Mar 30.

Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.

Background: Urolithiasis is common worldwide and can predispose to urinary tract infections and renal failure. We aimed to explore the global, regional, and national burden of urolithiasis between 1990 and 2019, stratified by sex, age, and sociodemographic index (SDI).

Methods: From 1990 to 2019, data on the number of incident cases of urolithiasis, associated deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were extracted from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. Read More

World J Urol 2022 Jun 10. Epub 2022 Jun 10.

Neuro-Uro-Andrology Hospital Universitaire R.Poincare, AP-HP, 104 bvd R. Poincare, 92380, Garches, France.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the long-term effectiveness of augmentation ileocystoplasty (AI) associated with supra-trigonal cystectomy on clinical and urodynamic variables, and the safety of the intervention in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Materials And Methods: Single-center, retrospective study of all patients with SCI who underwent AI with supra-trigonal cystectomy from January 1994, with a follow-up of more than 8 years. The primary outcome was the sustained long-term effectiveness of AI with supra-trigonal cystectomy on clinical and urodynamic variables. Read More

J Educ Health Promot 2022 28;11:122. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are more common in females than males and predominantly based on their unhealthy practices in their day to day lives. This study is trying to assess the occurrence of UTI and strategies used by female student to prevent UTI.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study carried out in a tertiary care teaching institute. Read More

Cureus 2022 May 7;14(5):e24796. Epub 2022 May 7.

Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Deoghar, IND.

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is among the most common infections occurring during childhood. It is caused by both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and  is the most common causative agent.

Methods: Data of all pediatric patients in the age group of 6 months to 18 years with urinary tract infection were taken for analysis. Read More

BMC Urol 2022 Jun 6;22(1):82. Epub 2022 Jun 6.

Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230032, China.

Background: Although hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a recognized risk factor for renal diseases, little is known about HBV infection in individuals with upper urinary calculi (UUC). We investigated the relationship between chronic HBV infection and UUC.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed data from 1399 patients who were discharged from the Department of Urology (2017-2018). Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2022 Jun 6;22(1):521. Epub 2022 Jun 6.

Department of Community Medicine and Extension Programme, Pramukhswami Medical College, Karamsad, Gujarat, India.

Background: Women of reproductive age group have greater predilection to urinary tract infections (UTI). Various risk factors increase the prevalence in women. Emergence of multidrug resistant uropathogens make clinical management of UTI challenging. Read More

Eur Urol Focus 2022 May 31. Epub 2022 May 31.

Department of Urology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK. Electronic address:

Context: Urinary tract infection (UTI) represents a significant disease for women, with 20-40% suffering from recurrent UTIs (rUTIs) across their lifetime.

Objective: This review aims to provide evidence for current European Association of Urology (EAU) guidance that topical, but not oral, oestrogen is a worthwhile preventative therapy for rUTIs in postmenopausal women. We also aim to establish whether a relationship exists between oestrogen dosage and treatment efficacy. Read More

Int Urogynecol J 2022 Jun 4. Epub 2022 Jun 4.

Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.

Introduction And Hypothesis: To describe complications at the time of surgery, 90-day readmission and 1-year reoperation rates after minimally invasive pelvic organ prolapse (POP) in women > 65 years of age in the US using Medicare 5% Limited Data Set (LDS) Files.

Methods: Medicare is a federally funded insurance program in the US for individuals 65 and older. Currently, 98% of individuals over the age of 65 in the US are covered by Medicare. Read More

Lancet Microbe 2022 Jun 21;3(6):e435-e442. Epub 2022 Apr 21.

Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Background: Bacterial vaginosis might increase HIV risk by eliciting genital inflammation and epithelial barrier disruption, whereas vaginal Lactobacillus crispatus is associated with immune quiescence and HIV protection. We investigated the effect of a live biotherapeutic containing L crispatus CTV-05 (LACTIN-V) on genital immunology and key vaginal bacteria.

Methods: This substudy included women aged 18-45 years who participated in the randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2b trial of LACTIN-V to reduce bacterial vaginosis recurrence, conducted at four universities and hospitals in the USA. Read More

J Infect Dev Ctries 2022 May 30;16(5):909-912. Epub 2022 May 30.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Point G Teaching Hospital, Bamako, Mali.

Raoultella planticola is a Gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile bacterium, abundant in the environment, but rarely associated with pathology in humans. Notably, few urinary tract infections caused by R. planticola have been reported. Read More

Indian J Crit Care Med 2022 ;26(4):446-451

Department of Critical Care, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Background: The genus , earlier considered a rare pathogen, is now increasingly recognized as a notorious opportunistic pathogen capable of causing serious nosocomial infections, mainly urinary tract infections (UTIs). Treating these infections is an onerous task given the resistance seen in clinical strains to many currently available antimicrobials. The objective of the present study is to provide an overall view into the prevalence of spp. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol 2022 Jun 2:1-6. Epub 2022 Jun 2.

Department of Bacteriology, Central District Hospital, Kamenolomni, Russia.

The aim of the study was to examine the severity of clinical symptoms of acute cystitis and the level bacteriuria in female patients who underwent to laparoscopic surgery followed by a postoperative administration of dienogest 2 mg and combined oral contraceptives pills (COCP). One hundred and forty five women who had a laparoscopic surgery prospectively were enrolled. Criteria inclusions were the age from 30 to 45 years old; body mass index (BMI) absence of previous hormonal therapy at least 6 month and recent performed a laparoscopy surgery for endometriosis. Read More

Acad Emerg Med 2022 Jun 2. Epub 2022 Jun 2.

Professor of Medicine in Residence, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Chairman Emeritus, Dept. of Emergency Medicine, Faculty, Division of Infectious Diseases, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center.

Background: Uropathogen resistance, Fluoroquinolone-resistance (FQR) and Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), has been observed to be emerging worldwide with prevalences above recommended thresholds for routine empirical treatment. The primary aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of FQR from a geographically diverse sample of United States Emergency Departments (ED).

Methods: We conducted a multi-center, observational cohort study utilizing a network of 15 geographically diverse US EDs. Read More