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Am J Infect Control 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, NY.

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI)- related hospitalizations are a poor patient outcome in the rapidly growing home health care (HHC) arena that serves a predominantly elderly population. We examined the association between activities of daily living (ADL) and risk of UTI-related hospitalization among this population.

Methods: Using a retrospective cohort design, we conducted a secondary data analysis of a 5% random sample of a national HHC dataset, the Outcome and Assessment Information Set for the year 2013. Read More

J Vet Intern Med 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Unité de Médecine Interne, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons Alfort, France.

Background: Studies have shown an increased prevalence of positive urine culture (PUC) in cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD); no information is available in dogs.

Objectives: To document the PUC frequency in a cohort of dogs with CKD, determine risk factors for PUC, and identify associations between clinicopathologic data and PUC.

Animals: Two hundred one client-owned dogs with CKD. Read More

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Department of Clinical Laboratory, Bethune International Peace Hospital of PLA, 398 Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050082, Hebei, People's Republic of China.

Candiduria is common in clinical practice. However, an effective and convenient assay to screen for candiduria is still needed. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the Sysmex UF-1000i urine analyzer for yeast-like cell counting (YLCC) to screen for candiduria prior to urine culture. Read More

Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Urology, Loyola University, Chicago Stritch School of Medicine and Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.

Objective: To correlate lower urinary tract symptoms typically associated with a urinary tract infection (UTI) with physical examination findings of pelvic floor myofascial pain (PFMP).

Methods: This retrospective review included all new patients presenting to a urogynecology clinic between August 2 and December 19, 2016. Patients completed validated questionnaires, had a catheterized urine specimen, and underwent pelvic examination. Read More

J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2019 Jan-Dec;7:2324709619828408

1 Brookdale University Hospitals and Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.

Female urethral diverticular cancer is a very rare entity with only around 100 cases reported so far in literature and accounts for <1% of all malignancies. In this article, we present a 47-year-old African American female with repeated hospital visits for urinary retention, hematuria, and urinary tract infections. Initial computed tomography imaging and cystoscopy was unremarkable except for a distended urinary bladder. Read More

Int Braz J Urol 2019 Feb 10;45. Epub 2019 Feb 10.

Divisão de Urologia Feminina, Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidaded e Campinas, UNICAMP, Brasil.

Introduction: Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) is a common condition in elderly resulting from the weakening of the organ suspension elements of multifactorial origin. It compromises significantly the quality of life and can affect more than 50% of multiparous women. Stage IV prolapse or complete uterovaginal eversion corresponds to 10% of the cases and the only form of curative treatment is the surgical correction. Read More

J Knee Surg 2019 Feb 6. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.

Knee osteoarthritis is a common form of arthritis, often treated by total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Complications can arise after TKAs, which may necessitate revision TKAs and further treatments. However, there remains a paucity of literature regarding influence of gender on postoperative complication rates after revision TKA. Read More

Microb Drug Resist 2019 Feb 6. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

2 The Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar Ilan University, Zefat, Israel.

Background: Increasing antimicrobial resistance is a major problem worldwide. Many urinary tract infection (UTI) isolates are resistant to all oral antimicrobial agents, necessitating intravenous treatment even for cystitis. Fosfomycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that achieves high and prolonged urinary drug concentration and is considered first-line treatment for uncomplicated cystitis. Read More

Euro Surveill 2019 Jan;24(5)

Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.

Following the rapid increase of infections due to carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in Italy, the national surveillance of bloodstream infections (BSI) due to CPE ( and ) was instituted in 2013. All CPE-BSI cases reported to the surveillance in the years 2014-17 were analysed in order to investigate incidence rate (IR), trend, main individual characteristics and enzymes involved in CPE resistance. Throughout this period, 7,632 CPE-BSI cases (IR: 3. Read More

Antibiotics (Basel) 2018 Jan 15;7(1). Epub 2018 Jan 15.

Clinic of Urology, Paediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Giessen, Germany.

This study aimed to reevaluate the Acute Cystitis Symptom Score (ACSS). The ACSS is a simple and standardized self-reporting questionnaire for the diagnosis of acute uncomplicated cystitis (AC) assessing typical and differential symptoms, quality of life, and possible changes after therapy in female patients with AC. This paper includes literature research, development and evaluation of the ACSS, an 18-item self-reporting questionnaire including (a) six questions about "typical" symptoms of AC, (b) four questions regarding differential diagnoses, (c) three questions on quality of life, and (d) five questions on additional conditions that may affect therapy. Read More

Swiss Med Wkly 2019 Jan 4;149:w20018. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

St Francis Referral Hospital, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania / Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania / Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland / University of Basel, Switzerland.

Background: Information on diagnoses made in emergency departments situated in rural sub-Saharan Africa is scarce. The aim was: to evaluate the frequency of different diagnoses made in a new emergency department to define relevant healthcare requirements; and to find out if in-hospital mortality rates would decrease after the implementation of the emergency department.

Methods: In this observational study, we prospectively collated diagnoses of all patients presenting to the emergency department of the St Francis Referral Hospital in Ifakara, Tanzania during 1 year. Read More

Surg Obes Relat Dis 2019 Jan 9. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

Department of Health Statistics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:

Background: Studies have suggested that obesity could improve prognosis in patients with heart failure (HF), known as the "obesity paradox." However, the association between bariatric surgery (BS) and HF outcomes is not well established.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effects of prior BS on outcomes of HF patients. Read More

J Assist Reprod Genet 2019 Feb 2. Epub 2019 Feb 2.

Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.

Purpose: β-defensins are antimicrobial peptides expressed at mucosal level of male and female genito-urinary tract, where they exert protective functions against infections, possibly preserving human health and fertility. In our study, we investigated the possible involvement of β-defensins in female and male infertility in Italian infertile couples (i) evaluating the presence of human β-defensin 1 (hBD-1) in follicular fluid (FF) and its correlation with in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes; (ii) investigating the relationship between hBD-1 levels in semen and IVF outcomes (comprising correlation with sperm parameters); and (iii) exploring the effect of hBD-1 peptide on spermatozoa motility in vitro.

Methods: A perspective observational analytic pilot study was conducted. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019 Jan 30;16(3). Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.

To investigate the association among lower urinary tract infection (UTI), the type and timing of antibiotic usage, and the subsequent risk of developing cancers, especially genitourinary cancers (GUC), in Taiwan. This retrospective population-based cohort study was conducted using 2009⁻2013 data from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database. This study enrolled patients who were diagnosed with a UTI between 2010 and 2012. Read More

J Diabetes Investig 2019 Jan 31. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Department of Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan.

Aims/introduction: This study analysis was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of tofogliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitor in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in real-world clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: This was a 3-year non-interventional observational study in patients with T2DM newly administered tofogliflozin uncontrolled on current therapy. We conducted a 12-week interim analysis of tofogliflozin as a part of 3-year post-marketing surveillance study. Read More

BMC Gastroenterol 2019 Jan 28;19(1):18. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, UK.

Background: Acute liver failure (ALF) is uncommon but progresses rapidly with high mortality. We investigated the incidence, etiologies, outcomes, and predictive factors for 30-day mortality in patients with ALF.

Methods: We conducted a population-based study of ALF patients hospitalized between 2009 and 2013 from the Thai Nationwide Hospital Admission database, which comprises 76% of all admissions from 858 hospitals across 77 provinces in Thailand. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2019 Jan 27;20(3). Epub 2019 Jan 27.

Pediatric Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Piazza Menghini 1, 06129 Perugia, Italy.

Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome (IGS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder clinically characterized by megaloblastic anemia, benign mild proteinuria, and other nonspecific symptoms. Several pathogenetic variants in the amnionless () or cubilin () genes have been described in IGS. We describe a case of IGS with urinary tract infection and mild but persistent proteinuria at onset in an 11-month-old female child. Read More

ANZ J Surg 2019 Jan 26. Epub 2019 Jan 26.

Department of Urology, National University Hospital, Singapore.

Background: In patients with bladder augmentation undergoing kidney transplantation, conventional technique recommends anastomosing the transplanted ureter to the bladder. We report our technique of ureteric implantation into the bowel portion of the enterocystoplasty, and review the urological outcomes of transplantation in these patients.

Methods: Seven patients (mean age: 26 years (range 24-54 years), two females, five deceased donors) with augmented cystoplasty and subsequent kidney transplantation by a single surgeon from 2011 to 2015 were reviewed. Read More

J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2019 Jan 24. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia. Electronic address:

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are considered to be one of the most common infections in humans. On the other side, studies showed that antibiotics are usually prescribed empirically before the laboratory results of urine culture are available.

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the six years antibacterial resistance patterns of bacteria isolated from urine samples in Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (ACSH). Read More

Prog Urol 2019 Jan 22. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Service de gynécologie-obstétrique et médecine de la reproduction, hôpital Antoine-Béclère, AP-HP, 92141 Clamart, France. Electronic address:

Introduction: The purpose of this article is to summarise the data available in literature on Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms [lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)] after female genital mutilation (MSF).

Methods: Our review identified 177 publications, 14 of which were included in the article.

Results: With regard to short-term complications, the prevalence of Acute Urinary Retention (RAU) after MSF is estimated between 3% and 12%. Read More

J Infect Chemother 2019 Jan 22. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Department of Medical Microbiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address:

Raoultella ornithinolytica is a Gram-negative, non-motile, encapsulated, biofilm producing, facultative aerobic bacillus and is found in natural environment. Human infections with R.ornithinolytica is rare in children with only five cases having been reported previously. Read More

Urology 2019 Jan 22. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO.

Objective: To document patient-reported interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) flare management strategies and triggers.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four male and 29 female participants enrolled at the Washington University site of the MAPP Research Network completed a questionnaire on strategies they utilized to manage flares and factors they believed triggered their flares (eg, specific food items, physical activities, sexual activities, infections, and stress). Participants were also asked about the diurnal timing of their flares. Read More

Public Health 2019 Jan 21;168:17-25. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, 265 Crittenden Blvd, Rochester, NY, 14642, United States. Electronic address:

Objectives: To examine relationships between short-term and long-term exposures to unconventional natural gas development, commonly known as fracking, and county hospitalization rates for a variety of broad disease categories.

Study Design: This is an ecological study based on county-level data for Pennsylvania, United States, 2003-2014.

Methods: We estimated multivariate regressions with county and year fixed effects, using two 12-year panels: all 67 Pennsylvania counties and 54 counties that are not large metropolitan. Read More

PLoS One 2019 24;14(1):e0208893. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

Background: To explore the differences of 24-hour urine compositions associated with urolithiasis between non- and postmenopausal females.

Methods: The 24-hour urine samples of female participants were collected from May 2013 to July 2014 along with national cross-sectional study of urolithiasis among adults aged ≥18 years in China. The exclusion criteria for the participants were: serum creatinine > 133μmol/L, with urinary tract infection, gout, hyperthyroidism, malignancy, had a history of cancer, kidney stones, enterectomy, had taken thiazide diuretics, allopurinol, vitamin supplement, potassium citrate or calcium supplements during the past two weeks. Read More

Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Department of Urology, Yale University, United States.

The open probability of calcium activated voltage gated potassium channel (BK channel) on bladder umbrella urothelial cells is increased by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). It is hypothesized that this channel's activity is important in the urothelial innate immune response during urinary tract infection (UTI). We performed in vivo studies using female C57BL/6 mice whose bladders were inoculated with lipopolysaccharide (150 μl of 1 mg/mL LPS) or uropathogenic E. Read More

Cureus 2018 Nov 5;10(11):e3551. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

Miscellaneous, The Indus Hospital, Karachi, PAK.

Purpose To estimate the burden of infectious diseases and the seasonality of mosquito-borne diseases seen at The Indus Hospital, Karachi (TIH). Methodology We performed a retrospective data analysis of all infectious diseases (ID) cases, retrieved from medical records over a five-year period starting from 1 January 2012 till 31 December 2016 at The Indus Hospital (TIH), which is a 150-bed, charity-based, tertiary-care health facility. The collected data has been categorized into three groups: (A) public health-related diseases, including community and environmental IDs, i. Read More

J Radiol Case Rep 2018 Nov 30;12(11):18-24. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario Sanitas La Moraleja, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a rare form of chronic pyelonephritis in which the involved areas of the kidneys are destroyed and replaced by foam cells. It usually occurs in immunocompromised middle-aged females with ureteral obstruction or chronic urinary tract infection induced by the formation of renal stones. We herein report the case of a 44-year-old woman, with a history of left kidney staghorn calculi and recurrent urinary tract infections. Read More

Indian J Nephrol 2018 Nov-Dec;28(6):468-471

Department of Urology, Yashoda Hospitals, Secunderabad, Telangana, India.

A 32-year-old female presented to us with worsening cough and expectoration, low-grade fever, and malaise for 3 months. She gave a history of pregnancy loss secondary to urinary tract infection (UTI) a year back. At that time, she was told to have an obstructive right renal calculus. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 Jan 14;9(1):106. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Calcineurin inhibitor Tacrolimus, is a potent immunosuppressive drug widely used in order to prevent acute graft rejection. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most frequent infectious complication in renal transplant patients and long-term use of Tacrolimus might be involved in higher susceptibility to bacterial infections. It remains largely unknown how Tacrolimus affects the host innate immune response against lower and upper UTI. Read More

J Neurosurg Spine 2019 Jan 11:1-6. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

2Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.

OBJECTIVEIn the United States, healthcare expenditures have been soaring at a concerning rate. There has been an excessive use of postoperative radiographs after spine surgery and this has been a target for hospitals to reduce unnecessary costs. However, there are only limited data identifying the rate of instrumentation changes on radiographs after complex spine surgery involving ≥ 5-level fusions. Read More

Korean J Parasitol 2018 Dec 31;56(6):577-581. Epub 2018 Dec 31.

Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 2222, Kaduna State, Nigeria.

Schistosomiasis is prevalent in Nigeria, and the foremost pathogen is Schistosoma haematobium, which affects about 29 million people. Single dose of the drug praziquantel is often recommended for treatment but the efficacy has not been documented in certain regions. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the impact of single dose praziquantel treatment on S. Read More

Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg 2019 Jan 9. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the perioperative morbidity of minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy (MISC) and nonmesh apical vaginal surgeries for repair of vaginal vault prolapse using data from a contemporary nationwide cohort.

Methods: The American College of Surgeons' National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was used to identify women who underwent apical prolapse surgery via vaginal approach or MISC from 2010 to 2016. Those undergoing concomitant hysterectomy or transvaginal mesh placement were excluded. Read More

J Clin Microbiol 2019 Jan 9. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Building 400, Parkville, 3052. VIC, Australia.

The iconic koala () is host to two divergent gammaherpesviruses, phascolarctid gammaherpesviruses 1 and 2 (PhaHV-1, and -2), but the clinical significance of the individual viruses is unknown and current diagnostic methods are unsuitable for differentiating between the viruses in large-scale studies. To address this, we modified a pan-herpesvirus nested-PCR to incorporate high resolution melt analysis. We applied this assay in a molecular epidemiological study of 810 koalas from disparate populations across Victoria, Australia, including isolated island populations. Read More

J Am Assoc Nurse Pract 2019 Jan;31(1):65-71

Ottawa Public Health, Sexual Health Centre, Ottawa Ontario, Canada.

Background And Purpose: The rates of many sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have increased in recent years. Many health care professionals miss these potential diagnoses in clinical practice.

Methods: Two case studies are presented, one an adult female with dysuria; the other an adult male with a rash. Read More

Climacteric 2019 Jan 9:1-8. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

a Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery , University of California San Diego , La Jolla , CA , USA.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common infections and affect up to 50% of women in their lifetime, with almost half of these women experiencing a recurrence in 6-12 months. Menopause predisposes women to recurrent UTI (rUTI), as normally lower levels of estrogen lead to changes in the urogenital epithelium and subsequently urogenital microbiome. The recently discovered urobiome is now known to have different compositions in both healthy and unhealthy bladders, including a role in the pathophysiology of rUTI, and may be a therapeutic target for prevention and treatment options for rUTI. Read More

Case Rep Transplant 2018 28;2018:3874937. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Piedmont Hospital Atlanta, Piedmont Transplant Institute, 1968 Peachtree Street NW, 77 Building, 6 Floor, Atlanta, GA 30309, USA.

Uterine fibroids are the most common benign uterine tumors affecting > 50% of premenopausal women. The incidence, burden and symptoms from uterine fibroids are higher in women of African descent compared to Caucasians. Despite increasing number of African American females being evaluated for and undergoing kidney transplantation (KT), perioperative management guidelines for uterine fibroids currently do not exist. Read More

J Clin Med 2019 Jan 7;8(1). Epub 2019 Jan 7.

Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, C.P.O. Box 8044, Seoul 120-752, Korea.

Imperforate hymen (IH) is an uncommon congenital anomaly of the female genital tract, with the hymen completely obstructing the vaginal opening. Despite the simple diagnosis and treatment of IH, missed or delayed diagnosis is often a clinical problem owing to its low incidence, nonspecific symptoms, or insufficient physical examination. The aim of this study is to identify the characteristics, clinical presentations, treatment modalities, and outcomes of imperforate hymen patients. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2019 Jan 7;19(1):16. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

Medical Department, Infectious Diseases Division, National Hospital of the Faroe Islands, JC. Svabosgøta 41-49, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands.

Background: The aim of the present study was to gain national data on the clinical and microbiological characteristics of community-acquired infections in the Faroe Islands and to compare these data with data from other geographical areas.

Methods: A prospective, observational study involving all patients > = 16 years admitted at the Department of Medicine at the National Hospital, Torshavn, Faroe Islands from October 2013 until April 2015.

Results: Of 5279 admissions, 1054 cases were with community-acquired infection and were included in the study. Read More

Vet J 2019 Jan 30;243:82-90. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Department of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, The Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan, Israel. Electronic address:

Disseminated canine mold infections are reviewed. Case inclusion criteria were dogs as hosts, two or more non-adjacent organs affected and identification of the etiological agent at least to the genus level. Of the 157 cases identified, 59. Read More

World J Urol 2019 Jan 2. Epub 2019 Jan 2.

Victorian Spinal Cord Service, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Vic, Australia.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the rate of urinary tract infection (UTI) in patients with a new spinal cord injury (SCI) and identify which bladder management technique is associated with the lowest rate of UTI.

Methods: Adults admitted to the Victorian Spinal Cord Service with a new SCI from 2012 to 2014 were enrolled. Data collected included patient characteristics, SCI level, bladder management and diagnosis of UTI. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2018 Dec;6(23):454

Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.

Background: Unstable angina (UA) has been one of the most common presentations of acute coronary syndrome. The numbers of admitted UA patients have been diminishing in the recent past. However, we are seeing higher costs and higher length of inpatient stay. Read More

Afr Health Sci 2018 Jun;18(2):437-445

Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, PMB 01129, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria.

Background: Urolithiasis affects primarily the urinary tract and complications as debilitating as renal failure may develop. Determining the chemical composition of uroliths can aid management and prevention of recurrence in patients.

Objective: To determine the chemical composition and anatomical distribution of uroliths in Nigeria. Read More

Nutrients 2018 Dec 31;11(1). Epub 2018 Dec 31.

Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.

A prenatal diet affects materno-foetal outcomes. This is a post hoc analysis of the St. Carlos gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) Prevention Study. Read More

Urol Int 2019 Jan 2:1-7. Epub 2019 Jan 2.

Division of Urology, Department of Organ Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.

Objectives: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria often causes bacteremia, leading serious outcomes. In this study, we conducted a retrospective analysis to identify the risk factors associated with death by bacteremia of ESBL-producing bacteria.

Methods: Patients with bacteremia by ESBL-producing bacteria were retrospectively collected in Kobe University Hospital, Japan, between January 2011 and December 2015. Read More

J Family Med Prim Care 2018 Sep-Oct;7(5):1103-1105

Ddepartment of Pediatrics, Calcutta Medical Research Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

An 11-month-old female child presented with progressive weakness involving both lower limbs and left upper limb. There was hypertonia and hyperreflexia in the affected limbs. This was associated with multiple episodes of urinary tract infection and overflow incontinence of the urinary bladder. Read More

Infect Dis Health 2018 Dec 28. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

Department of Medicine, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Queensland, Australia; School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.

Background: Urinary tract infections are one of the most common infections encountered in ambulatory care and the inpatient setting. Antibiotic resistance is a growing concern in healthcare worldwide and has been described by the World Health Organisation as one of the key global health issues facing our generation. The objective of this study was to evaluate antibiotic prescribing adherence to national therapeutic guidelines for patients with uncomplicated urinary tract infection. Read More

Pediatr Int 2018 Dec 28. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

Department of Pediatrics, Venizeleion General Hospital, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common serious bacterial infection in childhood.

Aim Of The Study: The aim of the present study was to identify the organisms responsible for community acquired febrile UTI in children, to investigate their susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics and identify possible risk factors for antibiotic resistance.

Methods: A total of 284 children, 38% males and 62% females, who were hospitalized due to a community-acquired UTI over a 5-year period in a general district hospital of Southern Greece, were enrolled in the study. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Dec;97(52):e13695

Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture, Chinese People Liberation Army General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China.

Rationale: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common infectious diseases in women. The management of patients with UTI after menopause is commonly combined with antibiotics and external application of estrogen, which could also cause drug resistance and result in poor curative effect. This study reports a case of UTI with pain of episiotomy scar inflammation for 10 years, which was successfully cured under traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and showed no recurrence for 5 years. Read More

Pharmacotherapy 2018 Dec 28. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, Colorado.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) occurs frequently in critically ill patients without heparin prophylaxis. Although heparin prevents VTE, VTEs occur frequently despite prophylaxis. A higher heparin dosage may be more effective for preventing VTE. Read More

Drug Healthc Patient Saf 2018 12;10:103-108. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Infectious Disease Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran,

Background: Ceftriaxone (CTX) is widely used for the treatment of bacterial infections; however, side effects such as gallstone and nephrolithiasis have been reported in children. There is limited information about urinary tract calculi as CTX side effects in adults. Therefore, the present study was aimed to evaluate the incidence of gallstone and nephrolithiasis following CTX administration. Read More