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Angiology 2022 May 19:33197221103635. Epub 2022 May 19.

Department of Cardiology, 111374Harran University, Faculty of Medicine, Şanlıurfa, Turkey.

The relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP) to albumin ratio (CAR) and contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with acute coronary syndrome has been reported. However, the relevance of CAR in patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) has not been clarified. We hypothesized that CAR might predict the development of CIN in patients with SAP undergoing coronary angiography (CAG). Read More

AAPS PharmSciTech 2022 May 16;23(5):144. Epub 2022 May 16.

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India.

Present research study was conducted to formulate kidney-targeted allopurinol (AO)-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (ANPs) for management of hyperuricemic related nephrolithiasis. Different molecular weights of chitosan were used for fabricating ANP formulation by adopting modified ionotropic gelation method. The prepared batches were than evaluated for particle size analysis, entrapment efficiency, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, in vitro release and in vivo animal study. Read More

Kidney Int Rep 2022 May 14;7(5):1004-1015. Epub 2022 Feb 14.

Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.

Introduction: Prospective data on impact of educational attainment on prognosis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are scarce. We investigated the association between educational attainment and all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events (MACEs), kidney failure requiring dialysis, and CKD etiology.

Methods: Participants ( = 5095, aged 18-74 years) of the ongoing multicenter German Chronic Kidney Disease (GCKD) cohort, enrolled on the basis of an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 30 to 60 ml/min (stages G3, A1-A3) or overt proteinuria (stages G1-G2, A3), were divided into 3 categories according to their educational attainment and were followed for 6. Read More

J Clin Med 2022 Apr 27;11(9). Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Molecular Genetic Epidemiology Section, Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.

Objective: Current guidelines for gout recommend a treat-to-target approach with serum uric acid (SUA). However, there is little evidence for the dose-dependent effects of urate-lowering therapy (ULT). Herein, we analyzed the reported SUA-lowering effect and SUA target achievement differences for various doses of xanthine oxidase inhibitors. Read More

J Clin Med 2022 Apr 26;11(9). Epub 2022 Apr 26.

3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 04-749 Warsaw, Poland.

Pancreas transplantation is considered a high-risk surgery with cardiovascular complications. Early detection of all potential cardiovascular risk factors can decrease the perioperative risk and improve the pancreas recipients' outcome. The present study aims to evaluate the association between serum uric acid (UA) levels and the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients eligible for pancreas transplantation. Read More

Nutrients 2022 Apr 27;14(9). Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.

There is a great need for a diagnostic tool using simple clinical information collected from patients to diagnose uric acid (UA) stones in nephrolithiasis. We built a predictive model making use of machine learning (ML) methodologies entering simple parameters easily obtained at the initial clinical visit. Socio-demographic, health, and clinical data from two cohorts (A and B), both diagnosed with nephrolithiasis, one between 2012 and 2016 and the other between June and December 2020, were collected before nephrolithiasis treatment. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022 25;13:855616. Epub 2022 Apr 25.

The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.

Objectives: Diabetic nephropathy (DN), one of the major complications of diabetes mellitus, is the major cause of end-stage renal failure that finally increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between serum lipocalin-2 (LCN-2) levels and DN and carotid atherosclerotic plaque (CAP) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: We have performed a prospective study of 749 T2DM patients with or without DN. Read More

Am J Nephrol 2022 May 11:1-7. Epub 2022 May 11.

Department of Faculty Therapy #2, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation.

Introduction: Accumulation of fat tissue around the kidneys is considered to be a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). The objective of the study was to investigate the association of pararenal fat tissue (PRFT) and renal dysfunction in patients without clinically significant cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).

Methods: The study included 320 patients without CVDs (mean age 63. Read More

Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2021 Sep-Oct;32(5):1264-1272

Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra, India.

We aimed to study the correlation of measurable uremic toxins with electrophysiological parameters of uremic polyneuropathy in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. This study was conducted between January 2018 and December 2018, 40 CKD patients on hemodialysis (HD) and 40 controls were included in the present study. Prevalence of peripheral neuropathy in CKD patients was 50% clinically and 65% of patients found to have neuropathy by electrophysiological study. Read More

Eur J Intern Med 2022 May 1. Epub 2022 May 1.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address:

Increased serum uric acid (SUA) levels are commonly seen in patients with metabolic syndrome and are widely accepted as risk factors for hypertension, gout, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cardiovascular diseases. Although some ambiguity for the exact role of uric acid (UA) in these diseases is still present, several pathophysiological mechanisms have been identified such as increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Accumulating evidence in genomics enlightens genetic variabilities and some epigenetic changes that can contribute to hyperuricemia. Read More

Eur J Med Res 2022 May 3;27(1):62. Epub 2022 May 3.

Laboratorio de Enfermedades Neuromusculares, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra. Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, División Neurociencias, CP, 143898, Ciudad de México, México.

Background: The ABCG2, SLC22A12, and ALPK1 genes have been strongly associated with dysfunction of urate metabolism in patients with gout, but it is unknown how these transporters are expressed in patients with acute or chronic gout. Our objectives were to: (a) analyze the gene expression of urate transporters and of inflammation genes in peripheral blood from gout patients and controls; (b) determine whether the metabolic profile of gout patients can influence the gene expression profile and the expression of urate transporters, ABCG2 and SLC22A12, and inflammation molecules, ALPK1 and IL-1β, in peripheral blood leukocytes from gout patients; (c) compare them with their metabolic profile and the gene expression of people without gout and without hyperuricemia.

Methods: A total of 36 chronic and acute patients and 52 controls were recruited, and ABCG2, SLC22A12, IL-1β, and ALPK1 gene expression was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. Read More

Cell Mol Life Sci 2022 May 3;79(5):273. Epub 2022 May 3.

IRCCS MultiMedica, PST, Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138, Milan, Italy.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors (i) reduce cardiovascular and renal events in patients with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the underlying mechanisms are debated. Low-grade inflammation (LGI) is a key driver of vascular complications, suggested to be attenuated by SGLT-2i in animal models. Read More

Front Microbiol 2022 13;13:853735. Epub 2022 Apr 13.

Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.

Uricase catalyzes the conversion of uric acid into allantoin with concomitant reduction of molecular oxygen to hydrogen peroxide. In humans, uricase is not functional, thereby predisposing individuals to hyperuricemia, a metabolic disturbance associated with gout, chronic kidney disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. The efficacy of current therapies to treat hyperuricemia is limited, and novel approaches are therefore desired, for instance using uricase-expressing probiotic strains. Read More

Gut Microbes 2022 Jan-Dec;14(1):2070391

State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China.

Hyperuricemia is the second most prevalent metabolic disease to human health after diabetes. Only a few clinical drugs are available, and most of them have serious side effects. The human body does not have urate oxidase, and uric acid is secreted via the kidney or the intestine. Read More

BMC Nephrol 2022 04 29;23(1):163. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

Department of Nephrology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No. 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China.

Objective: To date, nephrotic syndrome (NS) has not been well characterized in patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Whether decline in serum albumin is an ominous sign in IgAN patients with massive proteinuria remains unknown. In this study, we evaluated clinical and pathological features of IgAN with NS and compared the differences for these features and long-term outcomes between patients with nephrotic syndrome and nephrotic-range proteinuria. Read More

Eur J Med Chem 2022 Apr 20;237:114379. Epub 2022 Apr 20.

Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 202 Gongye North Road, Jinan, 250100, PR China. Electronic address:

Hyperuricemia is a metabolic disease caused by abnormal purine metabolism in the body. Long-term high levels of uric acid in the body will lead to gout and kidney disease. Xanthine oxidase (XOD) is a key enzyme in the pathogenesis of hyperuricemia. Read More

Pediatr Rep 2022 Apr 3;14(2):166-169. Epub 2022 Apr 3.

Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan.

In Japan, the prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) has been estimated to be approximately 10%, which is the highest among developed countries. This high prevalence might affect the occurrence of LBW-associated diseases in the adult population of Japan. LBW has been recognized as a contributing factor to post-adaptive focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in adulthood; however, few reports to date have evaluated the clinical and pathological characteristics of post-adaptive FSGS. Read More

Intern Med 2022 Apr 23. Epub 2022 Apr 23.

Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Japan.

A 25-year-old man presented with acute kidney injury (AKI), massive proteinuria and hyperuricemia after epileptic seizures. His AKI improved along with the disappearance of proteinuria after corticosteroid treatment. A kidney biopsy revealed no significant glomerular abnormalities, but varying degrees of tubular injury, such as proximal tubular simplification, mild distal tubular proliferation, and Tamm-Horsfall protein-like material accumulation with extravasation into the interstitium, were noted. Read More

Environ Health 2022 04 23;21(1):44. Epub 2022 Apr 23.

Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Rd., Beitun Dist, Taichung City, 406040, Taiwan.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing, with heavy metal exposure an important risk factor. Additionally, the antioxidant folic acid has been studied for reducing blood arsenic levels and related tissue damage. Therefore, we explored the association and mediation effects among various heavy metal levels in blood, plasma folate, other CKD risk factors, and impaired estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Read More

Angiology 2022 Apr 22:33197221091605. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

506079Sultan Abdulhamid Han Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is one of the common complication of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) following primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). Serum uric acid to albumin ratio (UAR) is a novel marker, which is associated with acute kidney injury in intensive care unit patients. We investigated the predictive value of UAR for the development of CIN in STEMI patients (n = 1379) after pPCI. Read More

J Med Life 2022 Mar;15(3):344-349

Medical Center ARAD-RI-ECO, LLP ARAD-RI, Kyzylorda, Republic of Kazakhstan.

The article aims to identify the main problems in treating urological pathologies by analyzing scientific literature from this field and developing recommendations. The quantitative excretion of uric acid, urine volume, and pH are essential in the formation of uric acid stones. The most important risk factor for uric acid nephrolithiasis is the acidic reaction of urine, which is a prerequisite for the formation of urinary stones. Read More

BMC Gastroenterol 2022 Apr 21;22(1):196. Epub 2022 Apr 21.

Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, China.

Background: Recent studies have demonstrated the presence of associations between metabolic syndrome and the onset of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Metabolic syndrome, in turn, has been found to be linked to high serum uric acid to HDL-cholesterol ratios (UHR). However, the relationship between UHR values and the occurrence of NAFLD in non-obese individuals remains unknown. Read More

Mar Drugs 2022 Apr 7;20(4). Epub 2022 Apr 7.

Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.

This study aimed to explore the mechanism of fucoidan in chronic kidney disease (CKD)-triggered cognitive dysfunction. The adenine-induced ICR strain CKD mice model was applied, and RNA-Seq was performed for differential gene analysis between aged-CKD and normal mice. As a result, fucoidan (100 and 200 mg kg) significantly reversed adenine-induced high expression of urea, uric acid in urine, and creatinine in serum, as well as the novel object recognition memory and spatial memory deficits. Read More

BMC Urol 2022 Apr 19;22(1):62. Epub 2022 Apr 19.

Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 109 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211100, Jiangsu Province, China.

Background: Kidney stone disease (KSD) is a common illness that causes an economic burden globally. It is easy for patients to relapse once they have suffered from this disease. The reported recurrence rate of KSD ranged from 6. Read More

J Int Med Res 2022 Apr;50(4):3000605221082874

Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand.

Objective: Body mass index (BMI), uric acid, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension are risk factors for reduced kidney function and are associated with fetuin-A levels, but their causal pathways remain unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate this knowledge gap.

Methods: A repeated cross-sectional design was used to assess causal pathway effects of fetuin-A on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), which is mediated through BMI, uric acid, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 Apr 15;12(1):6251. Epub 2022 Apr 15.

School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

The function of uric acid (UA) in the genesis and evolution of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has motivated numerous studies, but the results remain inconclusive. We sought to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies aiming to analyze the association of UA levels with the incidence and progression of CKD. Pubmed/Medline, Lilacs/Bireme and Web of Science were searched to identify eligible studies, following the PRISMA protocol. Read More

PLoS One 2022 14;17(4):e0265510. Epub 2022 Apr 14.

Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Background: Recent evidence suggested the link between nephrolithiasis and renal function impairment. We aimed to determine the renal function profile and potential factors associated with reduced renal function amongst renal stone formers in multi-ethnic Asians.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy between May 2015 and December 2019. Read More

Curr Rheumatol Rep 2022 May 14;24(5):132-138. Epub 2022 Apr 14.

Nephrology Division, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.

Purpose Of Review: In this review, we report on new findings regarding associations of uric acid with kidney health. We discuss kidney stones, effects of uric acid in chronic kidney disease (CKD), and management of gout in CKD. Recent studies on neuroprotective effects of raising uric acid provide interesting data regarding nephrolithiasis. Read More

J Med Life 2022 Feb;15(2):284-291

Department of Urology, Sanador Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.

A staged ureteroscopic procedure is generally preferred to treat bilateral renal stones. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of bilateral same-session flexible ureteroscopy (BS-fURS) in renal stones. A total of 81 patients underwent bilateral BS-fURS between March 2014 and March 2021 for bilateral renal stones. Read More

Food Funct 2022 May 10;13(9):4789-4803. Epub 2022 May 10.

Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, China.

Quercetin, a flavonoid possessing numerous biological activities, is reported to improve renal injury in diabetic animals. Here, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the effect of quercetin on diabetic nephropathy and summarize its possible mechanisms. We searched in four databases PubMed, Web of Sciences (WOS), Cochrane and Embase from inception to May 2021 and ultimately included 20 animal studies in this review. Read More