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Exp Ther Med 2022 Jul 17;24(1):450. Epub 2022 May 17.

Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056004, P.R. China.

Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is a common congenital malformation of the urinary system, which is mostly unilateral and frequently combined with hydronephrosis and kidney stones. The incidence of kidney stones is ~20%, which markedly increases the difficulty and risk of surgery. The present report describes a rare case of bilateral UPJO combined with bilateral renal stones. Read More

Investig Clin Urol 2022 May 25. Epub 2022 May 25.

Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.

Purpose: We investigated the feasibility of measuring the hydronephrosis area to renal parenchyma (HARP) ratio from ultrasound images using a deep-learning network.

Materials And Methods: The coronal renal ultrasound images of 195 pediatric and adolescent patients who underwent pyeloplasty to repair ureteropelvic junction obstruction were retrospectively reviewed. After excluding cases without a representative longitudinal renal image, we used a dataset of 168 images for deep-learning segmentation. Read More

J Pediatr Urol 2022 May 13. Epub 2022 May 13.

Department of Pediatric Urology, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Urology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.

Background: Although multi-center research is needed in pediatric urology, collaboration is impeded by differences in physician documentation and research resources. Electronic health record (EHR) tools offer a promising avenue to overcome these barriers.

Objective: To assess the accuracy, completeness, and utilization of structured data elements across multiple practices. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2022 May 23;16(1):220. Epub 2022 May 23.

Department of Medicine, Einstein Medical Center Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Background: Bilateral ureteropelvic junction obstruction is a common cause of secondary hypertension in the pediatric population, often due to congenital malformation. On the other hand, it is less frequently encountered in the adult population and is usually due to an acquired condition, most commonly by a bilaterally obstructing nephrolithiasis causing hydronephrosis and subsequent hypertension. The aim of this study was to investigate and highlight the underlying mechanisms by which acute bilateral ureteropelvic junction obstruction causes hypertensive crisis and why early detection and prompt treatment are necessary to mitigate the effects of elevated blood pressure on target organs. Read More

Cent Eur J Immunol 2022 10;47(1):63-72. Epub 2022 May 10.

Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.

Congenital obstructive nephropathy (CON) is one of the most common causes of chronic kidney disease in children. The aim of the study was to investigate serum and urine periostin and cytokeratin-18 (CK-18) in children with CON in relation to CON etiology, treatment, and kidney injury. We evaluated 81 children with CON secondary to ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO), ureterovesical junction obstruction (UVJO), posterior urethral valves (PUV) and 60 controls. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2022 May 30;94:107005. Epub 2022 Mar 30.

Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine University of Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.

Introduction: Kidneys are one of the most commonly affected retroperitoneal organ in trauma cases despite its relatively well-protected location. Renal trauma occurs in 80-95% of urogenital trauma cases and 8-10% of abdominal blunt trauma. Renal trauma in hydronephrotic kidney due to ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is a rare entity, despite of high risk of trauma urogenital due to large size and thin parenchyma. Read More

Diagnostics (Basel) 2022 Apr 6;12(4). Epub 2022 Apr 6.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yuri-Kumiai General Hospital, Akita 015-8511, Japan.

Although giant hydronephrosis (GH) associated with ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is extremely rarely detected in pregnant women, diagnostic methods, therapeutic approaches, and perinatal management have not been established. A 31-year-old Japanese primipara had a 15 cm × 12 cm multi-cystic mass in the right abdomen detected by transabdominal ultrasound at gestational week 26. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed that the mass was right renal GH. Read More

Can J Urol 2022 04;29(2):11116-11118

Department of Urology at University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.

Eagle-Barrett Syndrome (EBS) is a rare congenital condition characterized by the triad of absent or defective abdominal wall muscles, urinary tract abnormalities, and bilateral cryptorchidism. Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is seldom reported in these patients, despite it being a common cause of childhood obstructive uropathy. We present the case of a patient with EBS who was subsequently identified as having symptomatic UPJO that was successfully treated with robotic pyeloplasty. Read More

PeerJ 2022 25;10:e12962. Epub 2022 Feb 25.

Urology Division, Pediatric Surgery Department, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are non-coding RNAs that contribute to pathological processes of various kidney diseases. Renal function injury represents a final common outcome of congenital obstructive nephropathy and has attracted a great deal of attention. However the molecular mechanisms are still not fully established. Read More

Mol Biol Rep 2022 Feb 25. Epub 2022 Feb 25.

Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Alfredo Balena, 190, 2nd Floor, Room #281, Belo Horizonte, MG, Zip Code: 30130-100, Brazil.

Background: Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and the Urinary Tract (CAKUT) are defined as a heterogeneous group of anomalies that resulted from defects in kidney and urinary tract embryogenesis. CAKUT have a complex etiology. Genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors have been investigated in this context. Read More

Front Pediatr 2021 13;9:779614. Epub 2021 Dec 13.

Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.

To summarize our experiences with drainage methods after laparoscopic pyeloplasty with a 14-year study. We reviewed the data of the 838 children operated on for hydronephrosis due to congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) between July 2007 and July 2020. Patients' demographics, perioperative details, postoperative drainage stents [including double-J stent, percutaneous trans-anastomotic (PU) stent, and trans-uretero-cystic external urethral stent (TEUS)], complications, hospital stay, and long-term follow-up outcomes were analyzed. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Dec;100(51):e28235

First Moscow State Medical University, Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology-Andrology, Moscow, Russia.

Abstract: Chapman and Hellstrom techniques are typically employed to transpose renal lower pole crossing vessels (LPCVs). Both procedures have certain limitations. We investigated the midterm outcomes in pediatric patients in whom LPCV-induced ureteropelvic junction obstruction was treated with either dismembered Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty or upward transposition coupled with a new technique to fix the LPCV. Read More

Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex 2021 ;78(6):536-543

Dirección de Educación e Investigación en Salud, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, IMSS.

Background: Congenital kidney and urinary tract anomalies are the most common cause of chronic kidney disease in the first three decades of life. Stenosis of the ureteropelvic junction may cause dilation of the collecting system in the fetal kidney. This study aimed to determine hydronephrosis due to congenital ureteropelvic stenosis treatment outcome according to the age of the intervention. Read More

Qatar Med J 2021 19;2021(3):54. Epub 2021 Oct 19.

Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Pediatric Nephrology Research Center, Mofid Children's Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

ackground and aims: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is described as an abnormality in the heart structure or intra-thoracic great vessels that leads to functional problems. Since most of these disorders require medical and surgical interventions identifying concomitant disorders such as renal and urinary tract abnormalities is of great importance in the management of these patients. The present study aimed to investigate the relative frequency of abnormal kidney and urinary tract findings in abdominal cineangiography during cardiac catheterization of patients with CHD in Shahid Modarres Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2021 Nov 16;88:106514. Epub 2021 Oct 16.

Teaching Hospital Jaffna, Sri Lanka.

Introduction & Importance: Giant hydronephrosis (GH) is defined as a kidney containing greater than 1000 ml of urine in its collecting system. It is a rarely presented condition in an adult. Common aetiology for GH is due to congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2022 Jan 5;40:101877. Epub 2021 Oct 5.

Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan.

Congenital mid-ureteral strictures (CMS) are rare. Most congenital strictures occur at the ureteropelvic junction or ureterovesical junction, with mid-ureteral strictures accounting for only 4-5% of all cases of ureteral obstruction in children. Furthermore, there are very few reports of coexisting mid-ureteral stricture and ureterovesical junction obstruction (UVJO). Read More

IJU Case Rep 2021 Sep 3;4(5):273-276. Epub 2021 Jun 3.

Department of Urology Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kyoto Japan.

Introduction: Ureteropelvic junction obstruction is a common congenital anomaly that causes hydronephrosis but rarely accompanies ipsilateral retrocaval ureter.

Case Presentation: A 39-year-old woman, who visited to our hospital complaining of worsened right low back pain and fever, was diagnosed with right hydronephrosis due to ureteropelvic junction obstruction by contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Intraoperatively before the planned robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty, retrograde pyelography was performed to reveal concomitant ipsilateral retrocaval ureter. Read More

Nephrol Dial Transplant 2021 Sep 2. Epub 2021 Sep 2.

Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Background: Congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract (CAKUT) constitute the most common cause of chronic kidney disease in the first three decades of life. Variants in four Forkhead box (FOX) transcription factors have been associated with CAKUT. We hypothesized that other FOX genes, if highly expressed in developing kidney, may also represent monogenic causes of CAKUT. Read More

J Pediatr Urol 2021 Oct 26;17(5):660.e1-660.e9. Epub 2021 Jul 26.

From the Department of Urology/University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1089, USA. Electronic address:

Introduction: Current grading systems for hydronephrosis include a subjective determination of parenchymal 'thickness' and suffer from poor reliability. Use of more objective ultrasonographic measurements including medullary pyramidal thickness (PT) may be useful in augmenting current grading systems by decreasing subjectivity and enhancing prognostic ability.

Objective: To evaluate the utility of PT measurements in patients with SFU grades 3 and 4 hydronephrosis, we assessed the: 1) the inter-rater reliability of PT measurements, 2) the correlation between relative renal function on nuclear renal scan and PT, and 3) the pyeloplasty predictive ability of PT alone and in combination with SFU grade and/or other sonographic measurements in multivariate statistical models. Read More

Urologia 2022 May 2;89(2):298-303. Epub 2021 Aug 2.

Department of Oncologic, Minimally-Invasive Urology and Andrology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.

Background: Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction (UPJO) is the most common congenital ureteral anomaly. Nowadays, according to the increasing incidence of urolithiasis, 20% of children with UPJO presents urolithiasis. Open pyeloplasty was the standard treatment before the introduction of minimally invasive surgery (MIS). Read More

Eur Urol Open Sci 2021 Jun 24;28:26-35. Epub 2021 Apr 24.

Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Radboudumc Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Background: Posterior urethral valves (PUVs) and ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) are congenital obstructive uropathies that may impair kidney development.

Objective: To identify genetic variants associated with kidney injury in patients with obstructive uropathy.

Design Setting And Participants: We included 487 patients born in 1981 or later who underwent pyeloplasty or valve resection before 18 yr of age in the discovery phase, 102 PUV patients in a first replication phase, and 102 in a second replication phase. Read More

J Pediatr Urol 2021 Oct 7;17(5):658.e1-658.e9. Epub 2021 Jul 7.

Urology Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Introduction And Objective: Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is a common pathology in pediatric urology practice. Indications for intervention are well established while the ideal management of children with UPJO in poorly functioning kidneys is still debatable. We aimed in this study to evaluate the outcome of pyeloplasty in patients with UPJO and low DRF ≤20%. Read More

Eur Urol 2021 11 8;80(5):621-631. Epub 2021 Jul 8.

Pediatric Urology, Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, Comer Children's Hospital, The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.

Background: Since its first description, multiple reports proved efficacy and safety of the robotic platform. Further progress has been made allowing for the application of robotic surgery to smaller patients, including infants. Despite the early favorable results, the use of robot surgery in infants is still controversial and more studies are needed to confirm its benefits. Read More

Urol Int 2021 2;105(11-12):1046-1051. Epub 2021 Jul 2.

Department of Urology, Section of Pediatric Urology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

Introduction: In this study, we aimed to investigate the correlation between Cajal cell density and preoperative and postoperative radiological and scintigraphic parameters in ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO).

Methods: The study group consisted of 41 renal units (38 consecutive patients; 13 female and 25 male) surgically treated for UPJO. UPJ specimens from patients were immuno-stained with CD117 (c-kit) antibody for interstitial Cajal cells (ICCs). Read More

J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2021 Jul 27;31(7):843-848. Epub 2021 May 27.

Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.

Success rate of laparoscopic pyeloplasty for ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) in children is comparable with open pyeloplasty. Prolonged ileus and injury to adjacent viscera more often occurred in transperitoneal approach; however, longer operation time is noted in retroperitoneal approach. This study presented a hybrid retroperitoneoscopic pyeloplasty (HRP), for congenital UPJO in infants weighing <10 kg. Read More

IJU Case Rep 2021 May 1;4(3):155-158. Epub 2021 Mar 1.

Department of Urology Tokai University School of Medicine Isehara Kanagawa Japan.

Introduction: Ureteropelvic junction obstruction associated with ureteral duplication is rare, with prevalence reported to be around 2-7%. Ureteropelvic junction obstruction of the lower pole with both complete and incomplete duplex systems is a common cause of obstruction. Here, we report a case of ureteropelvic junction obstruction associated with incomplete ureteral duplication of the solitary kidney successfully treated by pyeloureterostomy. Read More

J Clin Med 2021 Apr 2;10(7). Epub 2021 Apr 2.

Core Unit Proteomics, Hannover Medical School, Institute of Toxicology, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.

Congenital anomalies of the urinary tract, and particularly of obstructive nephropathy such as ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) in infants, can later lead to chronic kidney disease and hypertension. Fundamental questions regarding underlying mechanisms remain unanswered. The aim of the present study was to quantitate the systemic amino acids metabolome in 21 UPJO infants requiring surgery (Group A) and 21 UPJO infants under conservative treatment (Group B). Read More

Int J Med Robot 2021 Jun 7;17(3):e2246. Epub 2021 Mar 7.

Department of Urology, Polytechnic University of Marche Region, "Ospedali Riuniti" Hospital, Ancona, Italy.

Objective(s): The incidence of urinary tract stone disease is steadily increasing in both adult and paediatric populations. This condition develops due to different factors: dietary or metabolic alterations, infection, and congenital anatomic malformations. Standard indications and treatments for children are analogous to the ones indicated for adults. Read More

Transl Androl Urol 2021 Jan;10(1):125-133

Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, China.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of real-time surgical navigation by three-dimensional (3D) virtual reconstruction models in robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty (RALP).

Methods: Between November 2018 and January 2020, 38 patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) who underwent RALP were retrospectively enrolled. The operations were assisted in real time by 3D models in 16 patients, while 22 patients underwent surgery without navigation. Read More

Radiographics 2021 Mar-Apr;41(2):462-486. Epub 2021 Jan 29.

From the Department of Radiology, Diagnósticos da América SA (DASA), Av Juruá 434, Alphaville Industrial, Barueri, SP 06455-010, Brazil.

The upper urinary tract is the most common human system affected by congenital anomalies. Congenital anomalies of the kidneys and ureters comprise a wide spectrum of disorders ranging from simple variants with no clinical significance to complex anomalies that may lead to severe complications and end-stage renal disease. They may be classified as anomalies of renal form, which are subclassified as structural anomalies (eg, persistent fetal lobulation, hypertrophied column of Bertin, and dromedary hump) and fusion anomalies (eg, horseshoe kidney and pancake kidney); anomalies of renal position (eg, renal malrotation, simple renal ectopia, and crossed renal ectopia) and renal number (eg, renal agenesis and supernumerary kidney); and abnormalities in development of the urinary collecting system (eg, pyelocaliceal diverticulum, megacalycosis, ureteropelvic junction obstruction, duplex collecting system, megaureter, ectopic ureter, and ureterocele). Read More