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Cornea 2022 May 13. Epub 2022 May 13.

Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical features, causative microorganisms, antibiotic susceptibility, and treatment outcomes in culture-proven microbial keratitis (MK) in patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) and to analyze the potential risk factors.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of all patients with SJS/TEN who attended our department between 2009 and 2018. Patients with a diagnosis of MK who underwent corneal cultures were enrolled. Read More

Cornea 2022 Apr 21. Epub 2022 Apr 21.

Cornea and Anterior Segment Services, Dr Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to study the outcome of single-staged entropion surgery along with lid margin mucous membrane grafting for cicatrizing ocular surface disease.

Methods: Retrospective review of medical records of patients who underwent single-staged surgical correction of cicatricial entropion along with lid margin mucous membrane grafting for lid margin keratinization.

Results: Twenty-six eyes of 19 patients were studied. Read More

Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022 May;57(5):503-508

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.

To summarize the preliminary efficacy, perioperative management and complications of Le Fort Ⅲ osteotomy and midface distraction in patients with syndromic craniosynostosis by retrospective analysis, and to provide clinical experience for reference. From October 2017 to January 2020, 20 patients with syndromic craniosynostosis underwent Le Fort Ⅲ osteotomy and distraction in The Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Peking University International Hospital, including 11 males and 9 females, were involved. The median age was 7 years (1. Read More

Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2022 Apr 27:1-10. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Orbis International Ethiopia, Orbis International Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Purpose: Trachoma is endemic in Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples' (SNNP) and Sidama regions of Ethiopia. We aimed to measure the prevalence of trachomatous inflammation - follicular (TF) among children aged 1 - 9 years and the prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) unknown to the health system among people aged ≥15 years following interventions for trachoma in 52 woredas of SNNP and Sidama regions.

Methods: From 2017 - 2019, 66 two-stage cluster sampling cross-sectional population-based surveys were carried out in 52 woredas (third-level administrative divisions) using a standardized World Health Organization-recommended survey methodology. Read More

Int J Ophthalmol 2022 18;15(4):657-660. Epub 2022 Apr 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.

Aim: To achieve a balance between efficiency and cost in the management of medical instrument by the use of micro needle holder.

Methods: In this study, the novel multifunctional use of micro needle holders was performed between 2018 and 2019 at the Department of Ophthalmology in the 4 hospitals in Shaanxi Province. In this innovation, the micro needle holders were initially used as micro forceps to remove sutures, as eye spud to safety extract foreign body from cornea, as ciliary forceps to remove trichiasis, as well as punctal dilator to dilate most small puncta. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022 04 19;16(4):e0010275. Epub 2022 Apr 19.

The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

Background: The epidemiology of trachoma in several Pacific Islands differs from other endemic settings, in that there is a high prevalence of clinical signs of trachoma, particularly trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF), but few cases of trichiasis and limited evidence of ocular chlamydial infection. This so-called "Pacific enigma" has led to uncertainty regarding the appropriate public health response. In 2019 alongside Nauru's national trachoma population survey, we performed bacteriological and serological assessments of children to better understand the typology of trachoma and to determine whether there is a need for trachoma interventions. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022 04 8;16(4):e0010272. Epub 2022 Apr 8.

London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.

Background: Trachoma is targeted for global elimination as a public health problem by 2030. Understanding individual, household, or community-associated factors that may lead to continued transmission or risk of recrudescence in areas where elimination has previously been achieved, is essential in reaching and maintaining trachoma elimination. We aimed to identify climatic, demographic, environmental, infrastructural, and socioeconomic factors associated in the literature with trachoma at community-level and assess the strength of their association with trachoma. Read More

Int Health 2022 Apr;14(Supplement_1):i49-i56

Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

Background: Postoperative trachomatous trichiasis (PTT) is a challenge for trichiasis surgery programs. Little is known about PTT patients' perceptions regarding outcomes and future disease management. This study aimed to understand the characteristics of PTT patients, how they managed trichiasis and their perceptions of prior surgeries and future surgery uptake. Read More

Int Health 2022 Apr;14(Supplement_1):i24-i28

Sightsavers, 35 Perrymount Road, Haywards Heath, RH16 3BZ, UK.

Background: Achieving elimination of trachoma as a public health problem in trichiasis-endemic districts requires a systematic approach to trichiasis case finding and outreach.

Methods: Programme monitoring data from seven countries for 2017-2019 were used to explore the efficiency of different community mobilisation approaches and uptake of trichiasis surgical services.

Results: Three countries (Ethiopia, Kenya and Mozambique) using broad-based community mobilisation strategies had large numbers of people presenting at outreach but only 2. Read More

Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2022 Mar 30:1-9. Epub 2022 Mar 30.

Sightsavers, Nigeria Country Office, Kaduna, Nigeria.

Introduction: In 2019-2020, one round of antibiotic mass drug administration (MDA) was implemented for trachoma elimination purposes in Donga, Gashaka, and Ussa local government areas (LGAs) of Taraba State, Nigeria, following baseline surveys in 2009 (Donga and Gashaka) and 2013-2014 (Ussa). Here, trachoma prevalence post-MDA in these three LGAs is reported.

Methods: In 2019 (Gashaka and Ussa) and 2020 (Donga), population-based, cross-sectional surveys were conducted following World Health Organization (WHO) guidance. Read More

Am J Trop Med Hyg 2022 Mar 28. Epub 2022 Mar 28.

Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.

Trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness. In 2016, Morocco was validated by WHO as having eliminated trachoma as a public health problem. We evaluated two previously endemic districts in Morocco for trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF), trachomatous trichiasis (TT), and antibodies against Chlamydia trachomatis, the causative agent of trachoma. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022 03 28;16(3):e0010282. Epub 2022 Mar 28.

Kilimanjaro Centre for Community Ophthalmology, Division of Ophthalmology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.

Trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness in the world and has been known to be a major public health problem in The Gambia for over 60 years. Nationwide blindness surveys, including trachoma, in 1986 and 1996 provided the foundation for a comprehensive plan to implement a trachoma elimination strategy. Impact and pre-validation surveillance surveys in 2011-13 demonstrated that active trachoma was below WHO threshold for elimination but trichiasis remained a public health problem. Read More

Ocul Surf 2022 Apr 15;24:145-147. Epub 2022 Mar 15.

Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:

Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2022 Mar 10:1-11. Epub 2022 Mar 10.

HealthNet Tpo, Kabul, Afghanistan.

Background: To determine where interventions are needed to eliminate trachoma as a public health problem, prevalence data are needed. We aimed to generate baseline population-based data on trachoma prevalence in suspected-endemic areas of Afghanistan.

Methods: Cross-sectional population-based prevalence surveys designed according to World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations were conducted in 35 evaluation units (EUs) covering 72 districts. Read More

Curr Eye Res 2022 Mar 28:1-5. Epub 2022 Mar 28.

Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.

Purpose: To analyze the histopathological changes in eyelash following electroepilation using radiofrequency (RF) cautery.

Methods: RF current was applied to the eyelash root in human eyelids (from exenteration or eyelid shortening procedures) at a pre-determined depth of 3 mm excision a-priori, and processed for routine histology. Studied parameters were the extent of necrosis, involvement of the eyelash bulb, and type of bulb damage (partial or whole necrosis). Read More

Ocul Surf 2022 Apr 2;24:83-92. Epub 2022 Mar 2.

Centre for Ocular Regeneration, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India; The Cornea Institute, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Electronic address:

Drug induced cicatrizing conjunctivitis (DICC) is defined as a disease in which conjunctival cicatrization develops as a response to the chronic use of inciting topical and, rarely, systemic medications. DICC accounts for up to one third of cases of pseudopemphigoid, a large group of cicatrizing conjunctival diseases sharing similar clinical features to those of mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) but generally without the morbidity of progressive scarring or the need for systemic immunosuppression. The preservatives in topical anti-glaucoma medications (AGM) are the most frequently implicated inciting causes of DICC although topical antivirals, vasoconstrictors and mydriatics and some systemic drugs have been implicated. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2022 Mar-Apr 01;38(2):212

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2022 Mar-Apr 01;38(2):210-212

Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, U.S.A.

Lancet Planet Health 2022 03 25;6(3):e270-e280. Epub 2022 Feb 25.

International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK; National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.

UN member states have committed to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. This Review examines the published evidence on how improving eye health can contribute to advancing the SDGs (beyond SDG 3). We identified 29 studies that showed direct benefits from providing eye health services on SDGs related to one or more of poverty (SDGs 1, 2, and 8), education (SDG 4), equality (SDGs 5 and 10), and sustainable cities (SDG 11). Read More

Dermatol Ther 2022 May 27;35(5):e15400. Epub 2022 Feb 27.

Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.

Leukotrichia is one of the difficulties of vitiligo treatment. Hair follicle transplantation is an efficient method to treat vitiligo-associated leukotrichia. A trichiasis electrolyzer, commonly used for treating trichiasis, can be used to damage and remove the depigmented hair follicles. Read More

Arq Bras Oftalmol 2022 Feb 14. Epub 2022 Feb 14.

Ophthalmology Department, Complexo Hospitalar Ouro Verde "Prefeito Edivaldo Orsi", Campinas, SP, Brazil.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of patients with trichiasis treated with a modified interlamellar oral mucosa graft surgery technique using fibrin glue.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted at the Oculoplastic Department of Ouro Verde Hospital Complex. Patients with recurrent trichiasis without entropion who did not respond to conventional therapy, underwent intermarginal lamellar splitting of the eyelid and oral mucous graft insertion with fibrin glue replacing sutures. Read More

Cureus 2021 Dec 31;13(12):e20854. Epub 2021 Dec 31.

Dermatology, Dermatology Clinic of Iowa, Cedar Rapids, USA.

Erythema multiforme major (EMM) is a rare type IV cytotoxic reaction targeting keratinocytes of the mucosal surfaces and the dermis. Dusky, targetoid lesions with central clearing are classically present, which may become blistered and rupture. The disease is usually self-limited and managed with supportive care and treatment of the underlying condition. Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2022 Mar 29;45(3):298-305. Epub 2022 Jan 29.

University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol Eye Hospital, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS1 2LX, United Kingdom.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of electrolysis for the treatment of trichiasis and distichiasis and compare success rates as a function of the eyelid treated, the indication for electrolysis and seniority of the surgeon.

Methods: The medical records of all patients who underwent electrolysis for trichiasis or distichiasis from November 2015 to November 2020 were reviewed. Sex, age, indication, eyelid treated, surgeon's educational status, number of electrolysis sessions, outcome, time between sessions and time to the last follow-up were documented. Read More

Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2022 Jan 17:1-8. Epub 2022 Jan 17.

Neglected Tropical Diseases Unit, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya.

Background: Late-stage blinding sequalae of trachoma such as trachomatous trichiasis (TT) typically take decades to develop and often do so in the absence of ongoing ocular infection. This suggests that most TT risk accumulates in early life; as a result, population-level TT incidence and prevalence can remain high years after transmission among children has decreased. In Embu and Kitui counties, Kenya, the prevalence of trachomatous inflammation - follicular is low in children. Read More

Aust N Z J Public Health 2022 Apr 3;46(2):155-160. Epub 2022 Jan 3.

Communicable Diseases Branch, Prevention Division, Queensland Health.

Objective: Recent surveys identified trachomatous inflammation - follicular (TF) at endemic levels in the Torres Strait Islands; however, local health staff do not report trachomatous trichiasis (TT) in adults. We undertook a cross-sectional survey involving eye examination and microbiological testing to better understand this disconnect.

Methods: We examined 169 of 207 (82%) residents and collected ocular swabs for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for Chlamydia trachomatis. Read More

Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2021 Dec 26:1-9. Epub 2021 Dec 26.

Sightsavers Nigeria Country Office, Kaduna, Nigeria.

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of trachoma in each of the 21 local government areas (LGAs) of Adamawa State, Nigeria.

Methods: A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in each of the 21 LGAs of Adamawa State between 2017 and 2019. With the support of Tropical Data (TD), surveys were planned and implemented in accordance with World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations. Read More

Lancet Glob Health 2022 01;10(1):e87-e95

Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address:

Background: WHO promotes the SAFE strategy for the elimination of trachoma as a public health programme, which promotes surgery for trichiasis (ie, the S component), antibiotics to clear the ocular strains of chlamydia that cause trachoma (the A component), facial cleanliness to prevent transmission of secretions (the F component), and environmental improvements to provide water for washing and sanitation facilities (the E component). However, little evidence is available from randomised trials to support the efficacy of interventions targeting the F and E components of the strategy. We aimed to determine whether an integrated water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) intervention prevents the transmission of trachoma. Read More

Vet Ophthalmol 2021 Dec 13. Epub 2021 Dec 13.

Eye Clinic for Animals, Sydney, Australia.

Objective: To describe a technique to repair feline eyelid agenesis using a hyaluronic acid (HA) subdermal filler injection to allow for acute soft tissue expansion, followed by a free labial mucocutaneous graft.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-nine colobomatous eyelids in 24 feline patients with secondary keratitis were recruited to the study group.

Results: Keratitis and trichiasis were markedly resolved in 27/39 (69. Read More

Cornea 2021 Nov 23. Epub 2021 Nov 23.

Oculoplastics Department, Centro de Oftalmología Barraquer, Barcelona, Spain; and Institut Universitari Barraquer, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Purpose: The purpose of the report was to describe the first successful tarsal fracture surgery in a 1-year-old boy diagnosed with cicatricial ocular pemphigoid whose visual and psychomotor development were notably limited.

Methods: We present the case of a 1-year-old boy diagnosed with mucous membrane pemphigoid by biopsy who was treated with rituximab (375 mg/m2 intravenous infusion at 2-week interval administered twice) and stable with oral dapsone (2 mg·kg-1·d-1). His eyelid cicatricial entropion and trichiasis in both eyes prevented him from opening his eyes, impeding visual development. Read More