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Brain Sci 2022 May 31;12(6). Epub 2022 May 31.

Department of Family Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada.

Purpose: This one-group pretest-posttest, designed within a subject study, looks to compare the effects of an outdoor nature walk (ONW) to those of a virtual nature walk (VRW) on memory and cognitive function. Implications are discussed for education as well as for the world of virtual reality.

Methods: Sixty-four healthy university students were asked to complete an ONW and a VRW, which was created using 3D video of the same nature trail used for the ONW. Read More

Animals (Basel) 2022 Jun 19;12(12). Epub 2022 Jun 19.

Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany.

Despite efforts of veterinarians and breeders, brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) is still a common problem in pugs, underlining the need for objective tests to identify and prevent breeding with affected dogs. In the current study, a submaximal, treadmill-based fitness test was evaluated as a tool to identify signs of airway obstruction not recognisable under rest conditions. In addition to this, different body conformation and measurements were assessed regarding their association with BOAS. Read More

Sports (Basel) 2022 Jun 8;10(6). Epub 2022 Jun 8.

Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Lazio Meridionale, 03043 Cassino, Italy.

Water exercise provides a workload in every direction of motion for training in a reduced impact environment. The selection of an appropriate physical activity and an individual exercise prescription are essential to obtain training effects. The aim of the present study was to determine individualised relative exercise intensities at four speeds of motion for water cycling and water running. Read More

Acta Clin Croat 2021 Dec;60(4):739-748

1School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 2Sveti Duh University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia; 3Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia.

Congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a disorder of myocardial repolarization defined by a prolonged QT interval on electrocardiogram (ECG) that can cause ventricular arrhythmias and lead to sudden cardiac death. LQTS was first described in 1957 and since then its genetic etiology has been researched in many studies, but it is still not fully understood. Depending on the type of monogenic mutation, LQTS is currently divided into 17 subtypes, with LQT1, LQT2, and LQT3 being the most common forms. Read More

Inflammation 2022 Jun 21. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

Universidade Estadual de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Physical Therapy Graduate Program (PPG-Ft), Health and Sport Sciences Center (CEFID), Experimental Research Laboratory (LaPEx), R. Pascoal Simone, 358, Coqueiros, Florianópolis, ZIP Code: 88080-350, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

The association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and pulmonary pathophysiological changes is well stablished. Nevertheless, the effects of aerobic exercise (AE) on lungs of CKD need further clarification. Thus, Swiss mice were divided in control, AE, CKD, and CKD + AE groups. Read More

J Sports Sci Med 2022 Jun 1;21(2):277-286. Epub 2022 Jun 1.

Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Laboratory, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.

This study aimed at examining the effects of nine weeks of sand-based plyometric-jump training (PJT) combined with endurance running on either outdoor or treadmill surface on measures of physical fitness. Male participants (age, 20.1 ± 1. Read More

Int J Cardiol 2022 Jun 16. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

GenesisCare Cardiology, Australia; The Wesley Hospital, Australia; The Prince Charles Hospital, Australia; University of Queensland, Australia.

Background: Electrocardiographic (ECG) changes during stress testing are a common and perplexing finding during non-ischemic stress echocardiography (niSE). Research has provided conflicting results regarding the implications.

Methods: SE was performed after maximal Bruce protocol treadmill exercise. Read More

J Pak Med Assoc 2022 May;72(5):916-920

Ali-ul-Murtaza Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Muhammad Institute of Medical and Allied Sciences, Multan, Pakistan.

Objective: To explore the correlates directly associated with body mass index and cardiorespiratory fitness among undergraduate female physiotherapists.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted from October to December 2020 at Ali-Ul-Murtaza Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Muhammad Institute of Medical and Allied Sciences, Multan, Pakistan, and comprised undergraduate female physiotherapists aged17-25 years. The subjects were assessed on the basis of Physical Activity Readiness Questioner, body mass index and standard criteria of cardiorespiratory fitness. Read More

Front Physiol 2022 31;13:828020. Epub 2022 May 31.

Department of Physical Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), the main complication of diabetes mellitus, presents as cardiac dysfunction by ventricular remodeling. In addition, the inhibition of P2X7 purinergic receptors (P2X7R) alleviates cardiac fibrosis and apoptosis in Type 1 diabetes. However, whether exercise training improves cardiac remodeling by regulating P2X7R remains unknown. Read More

Clin Sports Med 2022 Jul;41(3):441-454

Sports Cardiology Center, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. Electronic address:

Exercise stress testing (EST) is indicated for diagnostic and prognostic purposes in the general population. In athletes, stress tests can also be useful to inform the risk of high-intensity training and competition, to assess athletic conditioning, and to refine training regimens. Many specific indications for EST are unique to athletes. Read More

Oxid Med Cell Longev 2022 6;2022:8693664. Epub 2022 Jun 6.

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China.

The mechanism by which exercise training attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, especially in the regulation of iron level in neuronal damage, has not been systematically studied. Here, we showed that treadmill training inhibited ferroptosis after I/R injury in rats. Modified neurologic severity score (mNSS) test showed that the motor function, reflex, and balance abilities in the I/R injury rats after treadmill intervention were significantly improved. Read More

Dig Dis Sci 2022 Jun 13. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Department of Internal Medicine A, Sheba Medical Center, Ha'ela 1, Ramat Gan, Israel.

Background: The association between diverticular disease and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) has been demonstrated previously, mainly in symptomatic subjects.

Aims: To evaluate 10 years cardiovascular risk, exercise performance and association to ASCVD among subjects with asymptomatic diverticulosis.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional cohort of self-referred participants in a medical screening program, who underwent a screening colonoscopy. Read More

Front Pediatr 2022 25;10:882223. Epub 2022 May 25.

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Children's Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China.

Purpose: Exercise training is crucial to the early intervention of pediatric primary hypertension (PHT). However, much less is known about exercise capacity in this disease. This work investigated the exercise capacity in pediatric PHT and analyzed the factors affecting exercise capacity. Read More

J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2022 Jun 10. Epub 2022 Jun 10.

Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.

Background: Wearing a facemask affects physiological responses to exercise. We explored how exercising with a facemask affects the expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, ACE2,) and some associated genes (angiotensin type-1 receptors, AT1R; Mas receptor, MasR; hypoxia inducible factor 1α, HIF-1α; endothelial nitric oxide synthase, eNOS), among healthy males and females.

Methods: One hundred forty-four apparently healthy individuals (72 females; age = 30 ± 6) allocated to three mask groups of 48 (N95, SURGICAL, NO MASK) with two exercise subgroups for each mask for both sexes. Read More

Front Physiol 2022 24;13:913974. Epub 2022 May 24.

National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore.

Mask wearing is an essential strategy to combat the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Some individuals may wear masks during physical activity to reduce disease transmission. This study aimed to investigate the real-world effect of wearing a surgical face mask on physiological parameters at peak exercise in healthy individuals. Read More

Sensors (Basel) 2022 May 29;22(11). Epub 2022 May 29.

Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.

The purpose of this study was to determine if fatigue-related changes in biomechanics derived from an inertial measurement unit (IMU) placed at the center of mass (CoM) are reliable day-to-day. Sixteen runners performed two runs at maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) on a treadmill, one run 5% above MLSS speed, and one run 5% below MLSS speed while wearing a CoM-mounted IMU. Trials were performed to volitional exhaustion or a specified termination time. Read More

J Clin Med 2022 May 31;11(11). Epub 2022 May 31.

Department of Pneumology, Asturias Central University Hospital, 33011 Oviedo, Spain.

The cardiopulmonary exercise (CPET) test is an essential tool to determine the severity, prognosis, and need for invasive treatments in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) but disregards the exercise modality. The present study aimed at analyzing the differences between treadmill and cycle-ergometer exercises. This was a prospective study, involving 65 patients with HfrEF who performed treadmill exercise followed by cycle-ergometer exercise 72 h later. Read More

BMC Med Ethics 2022 Jun 7;23(1):57. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Centre for Biomedical Ethics, National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Block MD11, Clinical Research Centre, #02-03, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Singapore.

Background: Health screening is undertaken to identify individuals who are deemed at higher risk of disease for further diagnostic testing so that they may possibly benefit from interventions to modify the natural course of disease. In Singapore, screening tests are widely available in the form of a package, which bundles multiple tests in one session and commonly includes non-recommended tests. There are various ethical issues associated with such testing as they may not be clinically appropriate and can result in more harm than benefit. Read More

Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2022 Jun 3:1-4. Epub 2022 Jun 3.

School of Health Sciences, Kristiana University College, Oslo,Norway.

Training intensity distribution is important to training program design. The zones 1 to 2 boundary can be defined by the Talk Test and the rating of perceived exertion. The zones 2 to 3 boundary can be defined by respiratory gas exchange, maximal lactate steady state, or, more simply, by critical speed (CS). Read More

Eur J Sport Sci 2022 Jun 4:1-39. Epub 2022 Jun 4.

Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.

The assessment of the chronotropic response during acute physical exertion can allow the discovery of many cardiovascular diseases even at a young age. However, the increase in heart rate (HR) depends on the age and sex of the subject and the modality of the graded exercise test. This study aims to provide sex- and age-related normative values for heart rate performance in young athletes aged 10 to 18. Read More

PLoS One 2022 3;17(6):e0269417. Epub 2022 Jun 3.

Department of Training and Movement Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

There is increasing evidence that including sex as a biological variable is of crucial importance to promote rigorous, repeatable and reproducible science. In spite of this, the body of literature that accounts for the sex of participants in human locomotion studies is small and often produces controversial results. Here, we investigated the modular organization of muscle activation patterns for human locomotion using the concept of muscle synergies with a double purpose: i) uncover possible sex-specific characteristics of motor control and ii) assess whether these are maintained in older age. Read More

Int Heart J 2022 ;63(3):642-646

Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University.

The usefulness of a treadmill exercise test for determining optimal pacemaker settings remains unknown. An 8-year-old boy with Fontan circulation and a dual-chamber pacemaker for a rate-dependent advanced atrioventricular block suffered from dullness and poor school attendance. Although the pacemaker log showed an atrial tachycardia/fibrillation episode, treadmill exercise testing revealed sinus tachycardia, which converted to a 2:1 atrioventricular block. Read More

J R Soc Interface 2022 Jun 1;19(191):20220024. Epub 2022 Jun 1.

Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Current approaches to investigating stabilizing responses during locomotion lack measures that both directly relate to perturbation demands and are shared across different levels of description (i.e. joints and legs). Read More

Psychol Health Med 2022 May 31:1-9. Epub 2022 May 31.

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.

Aerobic exercise is frequently used as an intervention for depression and smoking cessation because of its antidepressant and anxiolytic effects. Distress intolerance (DI) is a proposed individual difference factor that, coupled with a higher rating of perceived exertion during exercise, may significantly impact the acute mood and anxiolytic effects of exercise. The current study examined the interactive effect of maximum rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and DI on change in mood and anxiety. Read More

Eur Heart J 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road W12 0HS, London, UK.

Aims: Oxygen-pulse morphology and gas exchange analysis measured during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) has been associated with myocardial ischaemia. The aim of this analysis was to examine the relationship between CPET parameters, myocardial ischaemia and anginal symptoms in patients with chronic coronary syndrome and to determine the ability of these parameters to predict the placebo-controlled response to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods And Results: Patients with severe single-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) were randomized 1:1 to PCI or placebo in the ORBITA trial. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 05 19;19(10). Epub 2022 May 19.

Sports Lab North West, Atlantic Technological University Donegal, Letterkenny Campus, Port Road, F92 FC93 Letterkenny, Ireland.

Individuals with neurological impairments tend to lead a predominantly sedentary lifestyle due to impaired gait function and mobility. This may be detrimental to health by negatively impacting cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength, and increasing the risk of developing secondary health problems. Powered exoskeletons are assistive devices that may aid neurologically impaired individuals in achieving the World Health Organisation's (WHO) physical activity (PA) guidelines for health. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 05 12;19(10). Epub 2022 May 12.

Sports and Exercise Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy.

Objective: To propose and evaluate an adapted NYHA classification for children with congenital heart disease (CHD) as a feasible clinical tool for classifying patients' fitness, cardiorespiratory efficiency and functional limitations during their ordinary daily activities, which are also characterized by vigorous and competitive physical exercise among peers.

Methods: This cross-sectional investigation analyzed 332 patients (13.1 ± 3. Read More

J Sports Sci 2022 May 24:1-7. Epub 2022 May 24.

Neuromuscular Assessment Laboratory, Physical Education School, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.

The present study aimed to investigate whether training status would influence the capacity of a verification phase (VER) to confirm maximal oxygen uptake (VOmax) of a previous graded exercise test (GXT) in individuals with hypertension. Twelve older adults with hypertension (8 women) were recruited. Using a within-subject design, participants performed a treadmill GXT to exhaustion followed by a multistage VER both before and after a 12-wkcombined exercise training programme. Read More

J Vis Exp 2022 05 5(183). Epub 2022 May 5.

Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance (MHA); Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU);

Regular physical exercise is a major contributor to cardiovascular health, influencing various metabolic as well as electrophysiological processes. However, in certain cardiac diseases such as inherited arrhythmia syndromes, e.g. Read More

Neurosci Lett 2022 06 18;782:136686. Epub 2022 May 18.

Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, China; Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, China. Electronic address:

Objective: To investigate the effects of treadmill training on lung injury and HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB after spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats.

Methods: A total of 108 female SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham operation group, SCI brake group, and SCI exercise group. The rats in the SCI exercise group began treadmill training on the 3rd day after the operation. Read More