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Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 May;99(19):e19946

Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 31, Longhua Road, Haikou 570102, China.

To conduct a STARD-compliant validity that the contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) evaluation of prostate for the improvement of positive rate of biopsy and diagnostic efficiency of prostate carcinoma (PCa).Data of 137 patients with suspected PCa who underwent relevant examinations and treatment were reviewed, and 82 of 137 patients were finally included. The patients consisted of Group 1 (26 patients) and Group 2 (42 patients) according to which they underwent transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) biopsy selected from CEUS evaluation of the prostate and who underwent TRUS-guided biopsy directly. Read More

Eur Urol 2020 May 1. Epub 2020 May 1.

UCL Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK; Department of Urology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

Background: All risk stratification strategies in cancer overlook a spectrum of disease. The Prostate MR Imaging Study (PROMIS) provides a unique opportunity to explore cancers that are overlooked by multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI).

Objective: To summarise attributes of cancers that are systematically overlooked by mpMRI. Read More

Cancer Med 2020 Apr 12. Epub 2020 Apr 12.

Department of Urology, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.

Background: We assessed the effect of biopsy location on the prostate cancer detection and clinically significant prostate cancer.

Methods: A total of 2774 patients with 12-core prostate transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy were included for per core analysis. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of the location of biopsy on the prostate cancer and clinically significant prostate cancer detection. Read More

PLoS One 2020 9;15(4):e0223229. Epub 2020 Apr 9.

Ultrasonic Multimodal Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.

To explore the shape characteristics of ablation lesions created via laser ablation (LA), radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA) in canine prostates and the clinical significance of these characteristics, six adult male beagles were randomly assigned to the LA, RFA, and MWA groups. These ablations were performed with common parameters applied in clinical practice (LA, 3 W/1200 J; RFA and MWA, 30 W/120 s). One ablation lesion was created in each lobe of the prostate via the ablation technique, resulting in a total of twelve ablation lesions. Read More

J Contemp Brachytherapy 2019 Dec 1;11(6):541-546. Epub 2019 Dec 1.

Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, Rzeszow, Poland.

Purpose: Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) is an evolving non-invasive imaging modality that increases the accurate localization of prostate cancer (PCa) at the time of MRI targeted biopsy, enhancing clinical risk assessment, and improving the ability to appropriately counsel patients regarding therapy.

Material And Methods: A total of forty patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA), mpMRI and Gleason score (based on MRI template-guided cognitive biopsy) results were analyzed in this study, with eight patients (20%) diagnosed with PCa. The mpMRI was performed to facilitate the decision to perform prostate biopsy. Read More

J Med Ultrasound 2019 Oct-Dec;27(4):169-176. Epub 2019 May 13.

Department of Radiology, Obafemi Awolowo University/Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.

Background: Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) is the best route for examining the prostate gland because of transducer proximity, elaboration of zonal anatomical details, and Doppler assessment of prostatic arteries' hemodynamics.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 300 men with benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) and 300 healthy age-matched controls. The resistive index (RI) of the left capsular, right capsular and urethral arteries were assessed by TRUS and correlated with these parameters: maximum urine flow rate (), total prostatic volume (TPV), transitional zone volume (TZV), transitional zone index (TZI), presumed circle area ratio, and the International Prostatic Symptoms Score (IPSS). Read More

Med Sci Monit 2019 Nov 22;25:8836-8842. Epub 2019 Nov 22.

Department of Pathology, Pudong New Area People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Pudong, Shanghai, China (mainland).

BACKGROUND The present study aimed to assess the correlation between prostate volume and prostate cancer (PCa) detection by strain elastography (SE)-guided targeted biopsy (TB) compared with conventional transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided systematic biopsy (SB). MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study enrolled 357 patients suspected to have PCa. All patients received TRUS-guided 10-core SB and SE-guided TB. Read More

BMC Urol 2019 Nov 4;19(1):107. Epub 2019 Nov 4.

Department of urology, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100144, China.

Background: To report a new standardized cognitive fusion technique on transperineal targeted biopsy (TB) of prostate, and to evaluate its efficacy for cancer detection combined with systematic biopsy (SB) .

Methods: We present a retrospective review of consecutive patients undergoing multiparametric magnetic resonance (mpMRI) imaging of the prostate with subsequent transperineal prostate biopsy from January 2016 to December 2018. A free-hand 12-core SB was performed for each patient. Read More

Turk J Med Sci 2019 12 16;49(6):1701-1706. Epub 2019 Dec 16.

Background/aim: We evaluate whether transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsy might lead to spillage of tumor cells into peripheral blood as a result of disruption of the epithelial barrier and ultimately result in metastasis.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-eight patients underwent TRUS-guided prostate needle biopsy due to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) increase or abnormal digital rectal examination at the Samsun Research and Training Hospital (Samsun, Turkey) between April 2016 and September 2018. Approximately 10 mL of whole blood was collected from patients before, 1 week after, and 1 month after biopsy. Read More

Phys Med 2019 Oct 26;66:66-76. Epub 2019 Sep 26.

Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.

Purpose: BrachyView is a novel in-body imaging system developed with the objective to provide real-time intraoperative dosimetry for low dose rate (LDR) prostate brachytherapy treatments. The BrachyView coordinates combined with conventional transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) imaging, provides the possibility to localise the effective position of the implanted seeds inside the prostate volume, providing a unique tool for intra-operative verification of the quality of the implantation. This research presents the first complete LDR brachytherapy plan reconstructed by the BrachyView system and is used to evaluate the effectiveness of an imaging algorithm with baseline subtraction. Read More

J Contemp Brachytherapy 2019 Aug 29;11(4):361-369. Epub 2019 Aug 29.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States.

Purpose: The greater soft tissue contrast of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows improved accuracy in prostate contouring compared to transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and helps in identifying specific regions within the prostate. This study attempts to evaluate the potential benefit of MRI-TRUS fusion in treatment planning for more accurate prostate contouring and tumor dose escalation.

Material And Methods: 14 patients with previous MRI-guided prostate biopsy and an low-dose-rate (LDR) permanent prostate seed implant have been selected. Read More

Eur Urol Oncol 2019 Nov 11;2(6):617-624. Epub 2019 Sep 11.

Department of Urology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein/Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Background: Three techniques of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based targeted biopsy (TB) of the prostate exist. There is no superiority regarding diagnostic efficacy of prostate cancer (PCa) detection.

Objective: To compare adverse events (AEs) among three TB techniques and to evaluate the effect on urinary and erectile function. Read More

Ann Vasc Surg 2019 Nov 2;61:469.e1-469.e4. Epub 2019 Aug 2.

Department of Vascular Surgery, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.

Primary infected abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an uncommon presentation which can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In this report, we present 2 cases of infected AAAs less than 10 days after a transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) prostate biopsy. A 63-year-old male presenting with sepsis and back pain 9 days after TRUS biopsy was found to have a 27-mm ectatic abdominal aorta which expanded to 59 mm in the course of a week, despite antibiotic therapy. Read More

Urology 2019 Nov 1;133:187-191. Epub 2019 Aug 1.

Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA. Electronic address:

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of contrast enhanced transrectal ultrasound (CE-TRUS) in comparison with whole-mount radical prostatectomy specimens.

Method And Materials: Fifty-eight subjects who underwent CE-TRUS and subsequent radical prostatectomy with whole-mount pathology were included in the study. Each patient underwent evaluation with baseline TRUS and again during CE-TRUS with intravenous infusion of perflutren lipid microsphere (Definity, Lantheus Medical Imaging, N Billerica, MA). Read More

BMC Urol 2019 Jul 24;19(1):68. Epub 2019 Jul 24.

Urologic Oncology Research Group, Cancer Research Program, Research Institute (RI) of McGill University Health Center (MUHC), Glen Campus, E M2.2210, 1001 Blvd Décarie, Montréal, Qc, H4A 3J1, Canada.

Background: To define a new coefficient to be used in the formula (Volume = L x H x W x Coefficient) that better estimates prostate volume using dimensions of fresh prostates from patients who had transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) imaging prior to prostatectomy.

Methods: The prostate was obtained from 153 patients, weighed and measured to obtain length (L), height (H), and width (W). The density was determined by water displacement to calculate volume. Read More

Urol Int 2019 3;103(3):262-269. Epub 2019 Jul 3.

Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea,

Objectives: We investigated the efficacy of transperineal template-guided mapping biopsy (TTMB) for patients on active surveillance (AS) or those with previous negative transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy (TRUS-Bx).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 99 patients on AS and 60 patients with previous negative TRUS-Bx, which is a total of 159 patients who underwent TTMB from May 2017 to January 2019. Cancer location was analyzed with focus on the anterior and apex lesions of the prostate after TTMB. Read More

Minerva Urol Nefrol 2019 Oct 4;71(5):524-530. Epub 2019 Jun 4.

Department of Urology, Abano Terme Hospital, Abano Terme, Padua, Italy.

Background: Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) is a surgical technique that allows to safely and effectively treat bladder outlet obstruction due to benign prostate enlargement and retrieve an adequate surgical specimen. We investigated the role of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate (mpMRI) as a tool to exclude incidental prostate cancer (iPCa) and to compare mpMRI alone with a contextual transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy (TRUS-GB).

Methods: Retrospective multicentric evaluation of 244 patients underwent to HoLEP with a suspicion of prostate cancer (PCa) due to raised PSA and/or abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) and a negative mpMRI (PI-RADS score <3), was performed. Read More

Eur Urol Oncol 2018 05 15;1(1):29-36. Epub 2018 May 15.

Department of Urology and Division of Experimental Oncology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.

Background: The ability to identify clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) has dramatically improved with the introduction of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI). Given the growing interest in targeted biopsy and focal therapy, improving our knowledge on the relationship between mpMRI parameters and the ability to predict csPCa multifocality is mandatory.

Objective: To assess whether the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) score for the index lesion (IL) may predict multifocal csPCa undetected by mpMRI. Read More

BJU Int 2019 May 13. Epub 2019 May 13.

Division of Surgery, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.

Objective: To investigate whether patients with Gleason 3 + 4 cancer on transrectal biopsy are upgraded after undergoing transperineal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-targeted biopsy and whether this has implications for current clinical practice.

Patients And Methods: In this retrospective analysis we examined 107 consecutive patients presenting at a single tertiary referral centre (July 2012 to July 2016) with prostate cancer of Gleason score 3 + 4 on transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided systematic non-targeted biopsy who then underwent a multiparametric MRI followed by MRI-targeted transperineal prostate biopsy for accurate risk stratification and localization.

Results: The patients' mean (sd) age was 67. Read More

Med Phys 2019 Jul 29;46(7):3194-3206. Epub 2019 May 29.

Department of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.

Purpose: Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) is a versatile and real-time imaging modality that is commonly used in image-guided prostate cancer interventions (e.g., biopsy and brachytherapy). Read More

Ther Adv Urol 2019 Jan-Dec;11:1756287219842485. Epub 2019 Apr 28.

Professor of Urology, Vice Chair of Academic Affairs, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, Suite 1100, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine if spatial distribution of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging-transrectal ultrasound (mpMRI-TRUS) fusion biopsy cores to the index lesion reveals trends in the detection of intra-lesion Gleason heterogeneity and a more optimal prostate biopsy strategy.

Methods: Index lesion was the lesion with longest diameter on T2-weighted (T2W)-MRI. In cohort 1, fusion biopsy cores biopsies were taken in areas in the center of the target as well as 1 cm laterally on each side. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2019 31;2019:7029450. Epub 2019 Mar 31.

Department of Urology, Urological Cancer Center, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.

Objective: To evaluate the value of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in determining total prostate volume (TPV) for patients with colorectal cancer, as an alternative to transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) of the prostate when TRUS is not an option.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the medical records of 122 male cancer patients who were referred to our urology department between 2014 and 2016 for voiding problems. They underwent colorectal surgery within 3 months; we estimated the correlations of the TPV measurements made using CT, MRI, and TRUS. Read More

J Vis Exp 2019 04 9(146). Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Department of Urology, University of California Los Angeles.

Here, we present a protocol to perform targeted prostate biopsy using a magnetic resonance imaging-ultrasound (MRI/US) fusion system. Prostate cancer has traditionally been diagnosed via transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) biopsy. Though considered the gold standard, TRUS is unable to visualize most prostate cancer lesions and therefore requires sampling of the entire prostate. Read More

BMC Urol 2019 Apr 16;19(1):23. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.

Background: To overcome the limitations regarding two dimensional (2D) greyscale (GS) transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided biopsy in prostate cancer (PCa) detection and tissue packaging in biopsy processing, there is an ongoing focus on new imaging and pathology techniques. A three-dimensional (3D) model of the prostate with biopsy needle guidance can be generate by the Navigo™ workstation (UC-care, Israel). The SmartBX™ system (UC-care, Israel) provides a prostate biopsy core preembedding method. Read More

Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2019 Jun 23;14(6):1009-1016. Epub 2019 Mar 23.

Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequent noncutaneous cancer in men. Early detection of PCa is essential for clinical decision making, and reducing metastasis and mortality rates. The current approach for PCa diagnosis is histopathologic analysis of core biopsies taken under transrectal ultrasound guidance (TRUS-guided). Read More

Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2019 Jun 13;14(6):923-931. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2332 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.

Purpose: Prostate cancer is the most prevalent form of male-specific cancers. Robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALRP) using the da Vinci surgical robot has become the gold-standard treatment for organ-confined prostate cancer. To improve intraoperative visualization of anatomical structures, many groups have developed techniques integrating transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) into the surgical workflow. Read More

Clin Radiol 2019 06 4;74(6):474-479. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

Department of Hospital Pathology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Aim: To evaluate the difference in prostate cancer detection rates according to lesion visibility using transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before biopsy.

Materials And Methods: Patients who underwent TRUS-guided prostate biopsy in 2016 and 2017 (n=1,022) were divided into three groups: (1) patients who did not undergo a prebiopsy MRI (group 1, n=622); (2) patients without visible lesions on the prebiopsy MRI (group 2, n=77); and (3) patients with visible lesions on the prebiopsy MRI (group 3, n=323). Biopsy results were compared using chi-square tests or independent t-tests between patients with and without TRUS-visible lesions in each group. Read More

Mol Imaging Biol 2019 10;21(5):861-870

Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

Purpose: To assess whether simultaneous hyperpolarized C-13 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)/positron emission tomography (PET)/multiparametric magnetic resonance (mpMR) imaging is feasible in an orthotopic canine prostate cancer (PCa) model using a clinical PET/MR system and whether the combined imaging datasets can be fused with transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) in real time for multimodal image fusion-guided targeted biopsy of PCa.

Procedures: Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee approval was obtained for this study. Canine prostate adenocarcinoma (Ace-1) cells were orthotopically injected into the prostate of four dogs. Read More

Investig Clin Urol 2019 01 27;60(1):4-13. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

Department of Urology, Tokai University Hachioji Hospital, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan.

Multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has been increasingly used to diagnose clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) because of its growing availability and its ability to combine anatomical and functional data. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) fusion imaging provides MRI information with TRUS images for prostate biopsies. This technique combines the superior sensitivity of MRI for targeting suspicious lesions with the practicality and familiarity of TRUS. Read More

IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2019 09 7;66(9):2527-2537. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

We present a robot-assisted approach for transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided prostate biopsy. The robot is a hands-free probe manipulator that moves the probe with the same 4 DoF that are used manually. Software was developed for three-dimensional (3-D) imaging, biopsy planning, robot control, and navigation. Read More

Eur J Radiol 2019 Jan 22;110:112-120. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) Imaging Centre, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia. Electronic address:

Purpose: This study is aimed at evaluating the potential role of quantitative magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and tractography parameters in the detection and characterization of peripheral zone prostate cancer with a particular attention for fiber tract density.

Materials And Methods: DTI was acquired from eleven high risk, transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided biopsy proven prostate cancers with perineural invasion (histological Gleason score ≥ 7) on a 3 T magnet. Twenty parameters derived from DTI were quantified in cancer and healthy regions of the prostate. Read More

J Magn Reson Imaging 2019 06 21;49(6):1694-1703. Epub 2018 Dec 21.

Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Background: The Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2 (PI-RADSv2) has been in use since 2015; while interreader reproducibility has been studied, there has been a paucity of studies investigating the intrareader reproducibility of PI-RADSv2.

Purpose: To evaluate both intra- and interreader reproducibility of PI-RADSv2 in the assessment of intraprostatic lesions using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI).

Study Type: Retrospective. Read More

Med Ultrason 2018 Dec;20(4):441-445

Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

Aim: Prostate biopsies are usually done with transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) in B-mode (B TRUS) but multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) is the gold imaging standard for the visualization of clinically significant prostate cancer (PCa), since a lowPCa detection rate is reported for B TRUS. The aim of this study was to assess the visibility of MRI lesions on B TRUS and to determine which factors may influence the visibility on B TRUS.

Material And Methods: 142 men with 148 lesions reported on mpMRI underwent a B TRUS/mpMRI fusion targeted biopsy of the prostate and were included in this retrospective study. Read More

Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue 2018 Dec;24(12):1089-1093

Department of Urology, Guangdong General Hospital / Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.

Objective: To access the risk factors of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) after transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate (TRUS-Bp) and establish a model and a nomogram for the prediction of SIRS after TRUS-Bp.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data on 752 cases of TRUS-Bp in our hospital from January 2010 to January 2017 and included 570 of the cases in this study. We investigated the independent risk factors for SIRS after TRUS-Bp by univariate and logistic regression analyses, constructed a prediction model and nomogram with the R-Statistics software, evaluated the discrimination of the model with the ROC curve, and measured the conformity by SPSS25. Read More

Acta Clin Croat 2018 Oct;57(Suppl 1):40-45

Department of Urology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb.

The aim of this prospective clinical study was to determine the detection rate of prostate cancers by multiparametric magnetic resonance and transrectal ultrasound (mpMRI-TRUS) cognitive fusion biopsies in patients with a previously negative TRUS-guided biopsy. Between 1 October 2016 and 1 July 2017, in 101 consecutive patients with elevated antigen (PSA) and/or positive digital rectal examination and after a negative first TRUS biopsy, a second, repeated prostate biopsy was performed. In 24 patients, cognitive fusion mpMRI-TRUS biopsy of the prostate with 8-10 system cores and 1-3 target biopsies was performed, in line with the European Association of Urology guidelines. Read More

Urol Oncol 2019 01 13;37(1):57-62. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX. Electronic address:

Objectives: To determine the implications of different prostate sampling schemes on the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCA, ISUP group 2-5) and clinically insignificant prostate cancer (ciPCA, ISUP group 1) in men with abnormal multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) undergoing MRI-transrectal ulrasound fusion targeted biopsies.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of a cohort including all men who had a single lesion on mpMRI of the prostate performed between January 2016 and June 2017. All men underwent an MRI-transrectal ulrasound fusion biopsy and systematic (SBx) sampling of the prostate, which combined and were considered the standard of reference. Read More

J Ultrason 2018 ;18(74):255-264

Department of General and Transplant Surgery and Nutritional Treatment, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.

A fifty-nine year-old male was hospitalized for exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis. As a gigantic cyst of the pancreatic tail was identified, it was fused with the jejunal loop. Due to persistent fever and severe symptoms in the storage and voiding phases, the patient was referred to a urologist. Read More

Nucl Med Commun 2019 Jan;40(1):86-91

Department of Urology, Acıbadem University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.

Purpose: The intensity of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression increases as the tumor grade increases and the uptake of Ga-68-PSMA is higher in high-grade tumors. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation of preoperative tracer uptake of primary tumor to Gleason Score in patients who underwent prostatectomy.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 141 patients who had Ga-68-PSMA positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging and who underwent prostatectomy. Read More

J BUON 2018 Jul-Aug;23(4):1061-1069

"Ion Chiricuta" Oncology Institute, Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Purpose: The purpose of this prospective observational study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of multiparametric (mp) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for prostate cancer detection and to assess the interobserver variability, using the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (PI-RADS).

Methods: 50 patients (mean age 68.42±6. Read More

Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2018 ;70(4):433-440

Department of Clinical Radiology, Interdisciplinary Ultrasound-Center, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.

Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies in men. The diagnostic standard to confirm prostate cancer is the transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy. However, this procedure is associated with the underdetection of clinically significant prostate cancer and therefore needs to be improved. Read More

Adv Exp Med Biol 2018;1096:159-184

Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

In 2018, the American Cancer Society (ACS) estimates that 164,690 new cases of prostate cancer will be diagnosed and 29,430 will die due to the prostate cancer in the United States (Siegel et al., CA Cancer J Clin 67:7-30, 2018). Many men with prostate cancer are often managed with aggressive therapy including radiotherapy or surgery. Read More

Clin Radiol 2019 01 12;74(1):79.e11-79.e14. Epub 2018 Oct 12.

Department of Radiology, University College Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, Fitzrovia, London NW1 2BU, UK. Electronic address:

Aim: To assess the quality of YouTube videos explaining transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided biopsies of the prostate.

Materials And Methods: A search of YouTube was made for the terms "TRUS", "TRUS biopsy", "transrectal ultrasound", and "prostate biopsy". Videos were selected from the first 10 pages of results and reviewed by three authors against criteria based on written information from the British Association of Urological Surgeons. Read More

Brachytherapy 2019 Jan - Feb;18(1):95-102. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Department of Medical Physics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address:

Purpose: Identifying dominant intraprostatic lesions (DILs) on transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) images during prostate high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) treatment planning is challenging. Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) is the tool of choice for DIL identification; however, the geometry of the prostate on mpMRI and on the TRUS may differ significantly, requiring image registration. This study evaluates the efficacy of an in-house software for MRI-to-TRUS DIL registration (MR2US) and compares its results to rigid and B-Spline deformable registration. Read More

Niger Postgrad Med J 2018 Jul-Sep;25(3):172-176

Department of Surgery, Urology Unit, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria.

Background: Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided biopsy of the prostate is considered as a standard of care for diagnosis of prostate cancer. The objective of this study was to document our experience in the use of TRUS in the management of urologic diseases in Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH), Sokoto.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients who had TRUS at UDUTH from December 2009 to November 2017. Read More

J Contemp Brachytherapy 2018 Aug 31;10(4):285-290. Epub 2018 Aug 31.

Radiotherapy 2 Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the prostate contours drawn by two radiation oncologists and one radiologist on magnetic resonance (MR) and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) images. TRUS intra- and inter-fraction variability as well as TRUS vs. MR inter-modality and inter-operator variability were studied. Read More

Urology 2018 Dec 13;122:147-151. Epub 2018 Sep 13.

Asian Institute of Nephrology and Urology, Hyderabad, India.

Objective: To present our transurethral enucleation with bipolar energy (TUEB) technique, wherein the enucleated adenoma is resected while keeping it attached near the verumontanum avoiding the need of a morcellator, and to evaluate the safety and short-term outcomes of our technique of TUEB for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH).

Methods: This was a retrospective evaluation of prospectively maintained database of patients with symptomatic BPH who underwent TUEB from January 2016 to September 2017. Patients with a minimum follow-up period of 6 months were included in the study. Read More

IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control 2018 11 10;65(11):2086-2096. Epub 2018 Aug 10.

Although transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) imaging is widely used for screening and diagnosing prostate cancer, it is often not found on TRUS images, depending on its stage, size, and location. In addition, due to the weak echo signal and the low contrast of TRUS images, it is difficult to diagnose early-stage prostate cancers and distinguish malignant tumors from benign prostatic hyperplasia. For this reason, TRUS image-guided biopsy is mandatory to confirm the malignancy of the suspicious tumor, but the diagnostic accuracy of initial biopsy is only 20%-30%, so that the patients inevitably undergo repeated biopsies. Read More

Urol Oncol 2018 09 6;36(9):401.e1-401.e9. Epub 2018 Aug 6.

Department of Urology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.

Objectives: Magnetic resonance imaging/transrectal ultrasound (MRI/TRUS) fusion-guided focal high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) therapy of the prostate has recently been developed as a selective HIFU-therapy technique to enable targeted ablation of prostate cancer. Here we report a series of patients treated with focal HIFU therapy, discuss its potential pitfalls, and address controversies concerning the indications.

Materials And Methods: This single-center prospective study reports outcomes of patients treated from September 2014 to March 2016. Read More

Health Technol Assess 2018 07;22(39):1-176

Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK.

Background: Men with suspected prostate cancer usually undergo transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsy. TRUS-guided biopsy can cause side effects and has relatively poor diagnostic accuracy. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) used as a triage test might allow men to avoid unnecessary TRUS-guided biopsy and improve diagnostic accuracy. Read More

Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2018 11 23;21(4):573-578. Epub 2018 Jul 23.

Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging is being widely adopted in the clinical management of prostate cancer. The correlation of the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PIRADS) to the presence of cancer has been established but studies have primarily evaluated this in a single clinical setting. This study aims to characterize the correlation of PIRADS score to the diagnosis of cancer on fusion biopsy among men who are undergoing primary biopsy, those who have had a previous negative biopsy or men on active surveillance. Read More