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Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2022 06 1;53(6):350-353. Epub 2022 Jun 1.

Bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation (BDUMP) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome. Diagnosis can be difficult and treatment guidelines are ill-defined. A 73-year-old man with poorly differentiated high grade urothelial carcinoma of the ureter metastatic to the liver, lungs, lymph nodes, and pelvis treated with chemotherapy and immunotherapy reported gradual vision loss. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2022 Jun 15;16(1):238. Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Department of Pathology, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 251, 90-001, Lodz, Poland.

Background: Trophoblastic differentiation in primary urothelial carcinoma of the prostate is extremely rare. An increased level of β-subunit human chorionic gonadotropin in serum in urothelial carcinoma is detected in approximately 30% of cases. To our knowledge, increased concentration of β-subunit human chorionic gonadotropin in serum in prostatic urothelial carcinoma has never been reported and its clinical significance is not evaluated yet. Read More

Am J Cancer Res 2022 15;12(5):2068-2083. Epub 2022 May 15.

Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign IL, USA.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been studied for their potential applications in cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment monitoring. Most studies have focused on the bulk content of EVs; however, it is also informative to investigate their metabolic status, and changes under different physiological and environmental conditions. In this study, noninvasive, multimodal, label-free nonlinear optical microscopy was used to evaluate the optical redox ratio of large EVs (microvesicles) isolated from the urine of 11 dogs in three cohorts (4 healthy, 4 transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder, and 3 prostate cancer). Read More

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2022 Apr;32(4):S79-S81

Department of Pathology, Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey.

We report a rare case of histiocytic sarcoma in association with invasive urothelial carcinoma involving the urinary bladder. A 67-year male patient, who presented with a complaint of macroscopic hematuria, was found to have a mass on urinary system ultrasonography. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging was performed to evaluate the mass, which showed a 52×24 mm mass on the posterior wall of the bladder. Read More

Diagn Pathol 2022 May 11;17(1):47. Epub 2022 May 11.

Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Uchinada, Japan.

Background: We report a surgical case of urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis, resulting in diagnostic difficulties on cytological examination.

Case Presentation: A man in his late 70s underwent nephrectomy for giant hydronephrosis and renal cysts after nephrostomy and renal cyst puncture and drainage. On all cytological examinations performed before surgery, including nephrostomy urine, renal cyst fluid, catheterized bladder urine, and bladder washings, we were unable to make any conclusive diagnosis of malignancy. Read More

Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2022 04 28;8(3). Epub 2022 Apr 28.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, 10021, USA.

Sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma (SUC) is a rare subtype of urothelial carcinoma (UC) that typically presents at an advanced stage compared to more common variants of UC. Locally advanced and metastatic UC have a poor long-term survival following progression on first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. Antibodies directed against the programmed cell death 1 protein (PD-1) or its ligand (PD-L1) are now approved to be used in these scenarios. Read More

BJUI Compass 2021 Sep 6;2(5):331-337. Epub 2021 Apr 6.

Department of Urology University Medical Centre Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands.

Objectives: To present the short-term and long-term outcomes of the psoas hitch procedure in a large cohort with long-term follow-up.

Patients And Methods: A multicenter, retrospective cohort study was conducted. Patients were included if they had undergone an open psoas hitch procedure with ureteral reimplantation for different types of distal ureteral pathology between 1993 and 2017. Read More

BMJ Open 2022 04 15;12(4):e060478. Epub 2022 Apr 15.

Urology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.

Introduction: Bladder cancer is a lethal disease with a rising incidence on a background of limited conventional imaging modalities for staging (either CT of the chest-abdomen-pelvis or 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emitting tomography (FDG-PET/CT)). CT is known to have relatively low sensitivity for detecting low volume metastatic disease, an important goal when considering surgical interventions entailing significant potential morbidity. FDG is also limited, being predominantly renally excreted and, therefore, producing intense non-specific activity in the urinary tract, which limits its utility to detect bladder and upper tract lesions, or nodal metastases in close proximity to the urinary tract. Read More

Scand J Urol 2022 04 31;56(2):147-148. Epub 2022 Mar 31.

2nd Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Motol, Charles University, Praha, Czech Republic.

Curr Oncol 2022 02 23;29(3):1335-1348. Epub 2022 Feb 23.

Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire Urological Cancer Centre, Lister Hospital, Stevenage SG1 4AB, UK.

Introduction: Detection of lymph node status in bladder cancer significantly impacts clinical decisions regarding its management. There is a wide range of detection modalities for this task, including lymphoscintigraphy, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, single-photon emission computed tomography, positron emission tomography, and fluoroscopy. We aimed to study the pre- and intraoperative detection modalities of sentinel lymph nodes in urinary bladder cancer. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2022 Mar 14;15(3). Epub 2022 Mar 14.

Hematology Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA.

Only 4% of newly diagnosed bladder cancer (BC) patients present with metastatic disease. The most common reported sites of metastases are lymph nodes, bones, lung, liver and peritoneum. Mandibular metastasis is very rare. Read More

IJU Case Rep 2022 Mar 20;5(2):79-83. Epub 2021 Nov 20.

Department of Urology St. Luke's International Hospital Tokyo Japan.

Introduction: Reports of urothelial carcinoma with testicular metastasis are limited and the etiology and prognosis remain unclear. We report a rare case of testicular metastasis derived from bladder urothelial carcinoma.

Case Presentation: A 68-year-old man presented with gross hematuria and urinary frequency. Read More

Investig Clin Urol 2022 03;63(2):168-174

Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Purpose: To assess the safety and efficacy of gemcitabine and cisplatin as neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by selective bladder preservation chemoradiotherapy in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

Materials And Methods: Patients with clinical T2-T4aN0M0 MIBC eligible for radical cystectomy and cisplatin-based chemotherapy were treated with gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m² on days 1, 8 and 15, and cisplatin 70 mg/m² on day 1 every 28 days for 3 cycles. After clinical re-staging with computed tomography scans and cystoscopy, patients with clinical complete response (CR) were eligible to proceed without cystectomy and receive bladder preservation chemoradiotherapy involving weekly cisplatin 10 mg/m² and up to 70. Read More

Gastroenterology 2022 Jun 25;162(7):1975-1989. Epub 2022 Feb 25.

Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California; Department of Pediatrics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. Electronic address:

Background & Aims: Epithelial wound healing is compromised and represents an unleveraged therapeutic target in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Intestinal epithelial cells exhibit plasticity that facilitates dedifferentiation and repair during the response to injury. However, it is not known whether epithelial cells of a neighboring organ can be activated to mediate re-epithelialization in acute colitis. Read More

JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2021 Oct 15;59(242):1069-1071. Epub 2021 Oct 15.

Department of Pathology, Nepal Mediciti Hospital, Bhainsepati, Lalitpur, Nepal.

Herniation of bladder mucosa through the bladder wall muscle layer is known as bladder diverticulum. The incidence of bladder diverticulum is 1.7. Read More

Indian J Radiol Imaging 2021 Oct 10;31(4):1065-1069. Epub 2022 Jan 10.

Clinic of Urology, UMHATEM "N.I. Pirogov," Sofia, Bulgaria.

A case of occult carcinoma of the ureteral stump is reported. A 67-year-old man presented with pain syndrome due to multiple bone metastases from unknown primary origin detected by previous imaging studies as magnetic resonance imaging, whole body contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT), and technetium-99m methyldiphosphonate bone scan. He had undergone a right nephrectomy for a benign disease previously. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2022 Feb 7;15(2). Epub 2022 Feb 7.

Department of Urology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic disease which can affect any organ or tissue in the body but most commonly affects the pancreas, biliary ducts, salivary glands, ocular system and lymph nodes; renal involvement is relatively uncommon and there are no previous reported cases of inferior vena cava involvement. Herein, a 48-year-old Asian man with an unremarkable medical history was found to have an obstructing right renal pelvis mass extending to and involving the inferior vena cava, highly suspicious for upper tract urothelial carcinoma that could not be ruled out based on ureteroscopy and urine cytology. Open radical nephroureterectomy with enbloc resection of a segment of the inferior vena cava and left renal vein ostium was performed, with reconstruction of the inferior vena cava and left renal vein with polytetrafluoroethylene grafts. Read More

Urology 2022 Jun 31;164:163-168. Epub 2022 Jan 31.

Department of Urologic Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China. Electronic address:

Objective: To comprehensively describe the manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the collecting duct carcinoma (CDC) of the kidney.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively collected data from 74 patients with CDC from two centers between January 2001 and December 2020. The clinical characteristics, imaging and pathological features, and diagnostic and treatment methods were analyzed. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2022 Jan 26;16(1):33. Epub 2022 Jan 26.

Division of Diagnostic Radiology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

Background: Metastasis of infradiaphragmatic tumors to the left supraclavicular lymph node is reported to be rare. When metastasis is detected in the left supraclavicular node in patients with head and neck carcinoma, locating the primary cancer remains a difficult and time-consuming challenge despite the dramatic development of screening technologies and treatment methods.

Case Presentation: We report three cases of malignant infradiaphragmatic tumor diagnosed following an initial finding of left supraclavicular node metastasis after surgery for tongue squamous cell carcinoma (follow-up period, range 18-62 months). Read More

Acta Biomed 2022 01 19;92(6):e2021380. Epub 2022 Jan 19.

Department of Urology, 424 General Military Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Background And Aim: The synchronous occurrence of renal cell carcinoma and urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis in the same kidney is extremely rare, although previously reported. With this study we aim to present our case and provide a literature review on this entity.

Methods: An otherwise healthy 43-year-old military male with the chief complaint of left plank pain was seen in the office. Read More

Eur Radiol 2022 May 22;32(5):3260-3268. Epub 2022 Jan 22.

Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.

Objectives: This study investigated the feasibility of a computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics prediction model to evaluate muscle invasive status in bladder cancer.

Methods: Patients who underwent CT urography at two medical centers from October 2014 to May 2020 and had bladder urothelial carcinoma confirmed by postoperative histopathology were retrospectively enrolled. In total, 441 cases were collected and randomized into a training cohort (n = 293), an internal testing cohort (n = 73), and an external testing cohort (n = 75). Read More

Eur Radiol 2022 May 22;32(5):3269-3279. Epub 2022 Jan 22.

Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.

Objectives: To evaluate the CT characteristics and detectability of carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the upper urinary tract.

Methods: Between January 2007 and March 2020, 28 patients (mean age: 73 years, 25 male and 3 female) with 29 pure CIS lesions of the upper urinary tract (i.e. Read More

J Oncol Pharm Pract 2022 Jun 17;28(4):979-982. Epub 2022 Jan 17.

Department of Medicine, 6797University of North Carolina Hospitals, Chapel Hill, United States.

Introduction: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a life threatening type of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) caused by a deficiency in ADAMTS13. Here, we describe a case of TTP in association with pembrolizumab treatment for metastatic urothelial carcinoma.

Case Report: Our patient was a 68-year-old male who received three cycles of pembrolizumab. Read More

Urol Oncol 2022 03 13;40(3):108.e11-108.e17. Epub 2022 Jan 13.

Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY.

Objectives: To develop accurate preoperative nomograms for prediction of muscle-invasive disease and lymph node metastasis in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), to assist surgeons in risk stratifying patients and help guide treatment decisions.

Materials/methods: The National Cancer Database was used to identify all patients from 2004 to 2016 with UTUC who underwent extirpative surgery and lymphadenectomy. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify variables predicting muscle-invasive and node-positive disease. Read More

Clin Cancer Res 2022 04;28(7):1353-1362

Division of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.

Purpose: This study investigated the efficacy and tolerability of cabozantinib plus nivolumab (CaboNivo) in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) that progressed on checkpoint inhibition (CPI).

Patients And Methods: A phase I expansion cohort of patients with mUC who received prior CPI was treated with cabozantinib 40 mg/day and nivolumab 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks until disease progression/unacceptable toxicity. The primary goal was objective response rate (ORR) per RECIST v. Read More

Lancet Oncol 2022 02 11;23(2):248-258. Epub 2022 Jan 11.

Department of Cancer Medicine, INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.

Background: Erdafitinib, a pan-fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor, was shown to be clinically active and tolerable in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma and prespecified FGFR alterations in the primary analysis of the BLC2001 study at median 11 months of follow-up. We aimed to assess the long-term efficacy and safety of the selected regimen of erdafitinib determined in the initial part of the study.

Methods: The open-label, non-comparator, phase 2, BLC2001 study was done at 126 medical centres in 14 countries across Asia, Europe, and North America. Read More

Hinyokika Kiyo 2021 Dec;67(12):539-542

The Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Maebashi Red Cross Hospital.

We report a case of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) in an 81-year-old man who had undergone radical cystectomy with an ileal conduit urostomy due to a diagnosis of muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The postoperative diagnosis was invasive urothelial carcinoma (pT2bN1M0, stage IV). Gemcitabine-cisplatin therapy was provided as adjuvant chemotherapy, and there was no recurrence during follow-up. Read More

Hinyokika Kiyo 2021 Dec;67(12):533-537

The Department of Urology, Numazu City Hospital.

A 77-year-old man underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic radical cystectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection and ileal conduit for bladder carcinoma. Six months postoperatively, multiple lung metastases and a sacral bone metastasis were detected on computed tomography (CT). The patient then received gemcitabine-carboplatin (G-CBDCA) because he had renal dysfunction, which is a contraindication for cisplatin. Read More

Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2022 Mar 5;63(2):234-239. Epub 2022 Jan 5.

Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.

An apex nodule was recently identified in the urinary bladder of Scottish Terriers being screened for bladder cancer at our institution. This prospective, single-center, case series study was performed to better characterize the apex nodule and assess the clinical importance of the nodule. Scottish Terriers ≥6 years of age with no evidence of urinary tract disease underwent urinary tract ultrasonography and urinalysis at 6-month intervals. Read More

Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao 2021 Dec;43(6):869-874

Department of Pathology,Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital,Lhasa 850000,China.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features and immunohistochemical phenotypes of brain metastatic carcinoma in Tibetan patients. Methods The clinical and pathological data of all patients with brain metastases from 2014 to 2020 in Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed,including 13 cases of brain metastatic carcinoma.All cases were diagnosed and classified by immunohistochemical staining. Read More