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Diabetes Obes Metab 2022 May 19. Epub 2022 May 19.

The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

Aims: The effect of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors on atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF/AFL) is unclear. We assessed the effects of canagliflozin on the incidence of AF/AFL and other key cardiorenal outcomes in a pooled analysis of the CANVAS and CREDENCE trials.

Materials And Methods: Participants with T2D and high risk of cardiovascular disease or chronic kidney disease were included and randomly assigned to canagliflozin or placebo. Read More

Am J Cardiol 2022 May 16. Epub 2022 May 16.

Division of Cardiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Electronic address:

As advancements in care improve longevity in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), it is crucial to further characterize this rapidly growing adult population. It is also essential that equitable care is offered across demographic groups. Hospitalizations for adults with CHD in the National Inpatient Sample were identified to describe trends in overall and cause-specific rates of admission per 1,000 adults with CHD from 2000 to 2018. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022 May;26(9):3171-3178

Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the effect of statin on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality in patients with RA.

Materials And Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Clinicaltrials.gov for studies investigating the effect of statin on MACE and mortality in RA patients up until 6 February 2022. Read More

Front Cardiovasc Med 2022 2;9:827101. Epub 2022 May 2.

Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.

Background: Stroke is predominately attributed to left atrial thrombus (LAT) in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), however, its detection rate in real clinical practice has been few reported in China.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of LAT in patients with NVAF in China.

Methods: All adult NVAF patients undergoing transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in the China Atrial Fibrillation Center database from January 2017 to January 2022 were enrolled in this study. Read More

Cardiooncology 2022 May 18;8(1):12. Epub 2022 May 18.

Department of Internal Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Queen Rania Al-Abdullah Street, P.O.Box 1269, Amman, Al-Jubaiha, 11941, Jordan.

Background: Acute ischemic stroke (Stroke) and transient ischemic attacks (TIA) are known complications in cancer patients and those with atrial fibrillation (AF). The role AF plays in Stroke/TIA in the setting of cancer is unclear. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between AF and Stroke/TIA in cancer patients. Read More

BMC Nephrol 2022 May 18;23(1):188. Epub 2022 May 18.

China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.

Background: Acute kidney disease (AKD) evolves a spectrum of acute and subacute kidney disease requiring a global strategy to address. The present study aimed to explore the impact of AKD on the prognosis of ischemic stroke.

Methods: The Third China National Stroke Registry (CNSR-III) was a nationwide registry of ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack between August 2015 and March 2018. Read More

Diagn Progn Res 2022 May 19;6(1). Epub 2022 May 19.

Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Background: Clinical prediction models/scores help clinicians make optimal evidence-based decisions when caring for their patients. To critically appraise such prediction models for use in a clinical setting, essential information on the derivation and validation of the models needs to be transparently reported. In this systematic review, we assessed the quality of reporting of derivation and validation studies of prediction models for the prognosis of recurrent stroke in patients with transient ischemic attack or minor stroke. Read More

Prehosp Emerg Care 2022 May 18:1-12. Epub 2022 May 18.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston MA 02114, United States.

: Arrival by emergency medical services (EMS) and prenotification among ischemic stroke patients is well-established to improve the timeliness and quality of stroke care, yet the association of prenotification with in-hospital mortality has not been previously described. Our cross-sectional study aimed to assess the association between EMS prenotification and in-hospital mortality for patients with acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack.: We analyzed data from the Massachusetts Paul Coverdell National Acute Stroke Program registry. Read More

Angiology 2022 May 18:33197221102230. Epub 2022 May 18.

Department of Cardiology, 147003Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey.

The C2HEST score ((coronary artery disease (CAD) or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [C2, 1 point each]; hypertension [H, 1 point]; elderly [E, age ≥75 years, 2 points]; systolic heart failure [S, 2 points]; thyroid disease [T, hyperthyroidism, 1 point]) has been validated for predicting incidental atrial fibrillation (AF) in both the general population and patients with ischemic stroke. The present study evaluated the performance of this score in predicting AF recurrence in 252 patients following cryoballoon ablation (CRYO) for paroxysmal AF. The AF recurrence rate in 3-12 months following CRYO was 20,2%. Read More

Eur Heart J 2022 May 18. Epub 2022 May 18.

Sorbonne Université, ACTION Group, INSERM UMRS 1166, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière (AP-HP), Institut de Cardiologie, Paris 75013, France.

Aims: The respective roles of oral anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) remain debated. ATLANTIS is an international, randomized, open-label, superiority trial comparing apixaban to the standard of care.

Methods And Results: After successful TAVI, 1500 patients were randomized (1:1) to receive apixaban 5 mg (2. Read More

Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2022 May 18. Epub 2022 May 18.

Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Background: The natural history of peridevice leak (PDL) following left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) is unknown. This study sought to investigate changes of PDL from 2 until 12 months after LAAO, using cardiac computed tomography (CT), and to assess the potential association between persistent PDL and clinical outcomes METHODS: Single-center observational study of Amplatzer LAAO implants between 2010 and 2017 (n = 206). Patients with 2 and 12 months cardiac CT were included in the study (n = 153). Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2022 05 17;5:CD013692. Epub 2022 May 17.

Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Background: Vertebral artery stenosis (narrowing of the vertebral artery) is an important cause of posterior circulation ischaemic stroke. Medical treatment (MT) e.g. Read More

Curr Probl Cardiol 2022 May 13:101251. Epub 2022 May 13.

New York Medical College at Westchester Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address:

Introduction: There have been no studies focusing on how pulmonary hypertension (PH) affects inpatient outcomes in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure or cardiogenic shock. This study explores inpatient outcomes of patients with HCM, and concomitant PH compared to patients with HCM.

Methods: Based on the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) 2016-2018, patients admitted with a primary diagnosis of acute decompensated heart failure or cardiogenic shock were selected. Read More

J Am Heart Assoc 2022 May 16;11(10):e024703. Epub 2022 May 16.

Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine Institute of Medicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Sweden.

Background The CHADS-VASc (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years, diabetes, previous stroke or TIA [transient ischemic attack], vascular disease, age 65 to 74 years, sex category female; 2 indicates 2 points, otherwise 1 point) scoring system is recommended to guide decisions on oral anticoagulation therapy for stroke prevention in patients with nonsurgery atrial fibrillation. A score ≥1 in men and ≥2 in women, corresponding to an annual stroke risk exceeding 1%, warrants long-term oral anticoagulation provided the bleeding risk is acceptable. However, in patients with new-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation, the optimal risk stratification method is unknown. Read More

Disabil Rehabil 2022 May 15:1-8. Epub 2022 May 15.

Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Purpose: To investigate the therapeutic potentials of the home-based exercise program (HEP) with an augmented reality (AR) system to improve balance in patients with stroke.

Methods: Sixty-eight patients with stroke were recruited in this randomized controlled study with blind observer. Patients in the smart-rehab group underwent HEP with an AR system for four weeks, whereas patients in the control group underwent the written and pictorial HEP. Read More

Cureus 2022 Apr 12;14(4):e24073. Epub 2022 Apr 12.

Internal Medicine, Conemaugh Memorial Medical Center, Johnstown, USA.

The patient is an 84-year-old female with a significant past medical history of traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage, bleeding peptic ulcer disease, permanent atrial fibrillation status post percutaneous left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) initially admitted to the hospital secondary to expressive aphasia. The patient was found to have a transient ischemic attack (TIA). A transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) showed a thrombus on the watchman device (WD). Read More

Cureus 2022 Apr 13;14(4):e24102. Epub 2022 Apr 13.

Neurology, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore, IND.

Intracranial aneurysms are typically asymptomatic. They are usually incidentally detected or detected only after rupture. Ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) due to unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) is rare. Read More

Front Neurol 2022 28;13:855656. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.

The role of patent foramen ovale (PFO) in stroke was debated for decades. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have shown fewer recurrent events after PFO closure in patients with cryptogenic stroke (CS). However, in clinical practice, treating stroke patients with coexisting PFO raises some questions. Read More

Front Neurol 2022 28;13:831357. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands.

Introduction: Post-stroke fatigue is frequently present in young adults, but its underlying mechanism is still unclear. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between lesion location, network efficiency and chronic post-stroke fatigue based on voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping and structural network connectivity analysis.

Patients And Methods: One hundred and thirty five young patients, aged 18-50 years, with a first-ever transient ischemic attack or cerebral infarction from the Follow-Up of Transient ischemic attack and stroke patients and Unelucidated Risk factor Evaluation (FUTURE) study, underwent 1. Read More

J Geriatr Cardiol 2022 Apr;19(4):265-275

Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Background: The Essen risk score improves stratification of patients with acute ischemic stroke by early stroke recurrence. Recent study showed it could also predict myocardial infarction (MI). This study aimed to compare the Essen score's ability to predict cerebrovascular events with compared cardiovascular events. Read More

Front Aging Neurosci 2022 27;14:804074. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China.

Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis is one of the main causes of ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging allows us to directly observe the intracranial artery wall, accurately assess the condition of the vascular wall, and quantitatively analyze the vascular wall and intracranial atherosclerotic plaque load. We report a case of acute cerebral infarction with left middle cerebral artery stenosis. Read More

Front Cardiovasc Med 2022 29;9:871654. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.

Background: The long-term outcomes of ablation with vein of Marshall ethanol infusion (VOM-ABL) compared with ablation alone in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) remains elusive. We aimed to explore whether VOM-ABL showed better long-term benefits and screen the potential determinants of outcome impact of VOM-ABL procedure.

Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase were searched up to 1st September 2021. Read More

J Alzheimers Dis 2022 May 9. Epub 2022 May 9.

Research Institute (Imas12), University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain.

Background: A protective effect of education on cognitive decline after stroke has been claimed, but evidence from prospective population-based cohorts is very limited. The differential role of literacy and education on dementia after stroke remains unexplored.

Objective: This research addresses the role of education and literacy in dementia incidence after stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA). Read More

Int Heart J 2022 May 14. Epub 2022 May 14.

Department of Structural Heart Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is highly prevalent in patients with mitral stenosis (MS), but the efficacy of left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) in these patients remains unclear.The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of LAAO in patients with MS complicated by AF at high risk of bleeding.We recruited patients from September 2015 to September 2018. Read More

BMC Neurol 2022 May 14;22(1):177. Epub 2022 May 14.

Department of Neurology, MC2030, The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.

Background: Recent trials of acute secondary prevention in patients with minor ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) have demonstrated high rates of early recurrence within days of the initial event. Identifying clinical features associated with early recurrence may guide focused management.

Methods: Using logistic regression applied to the data of the Platelet Oriented Inhibition in New TIA and Minor Ischemic Stroke (POINT) trial, we evaluated what baseline clinical factors predict outcome events occurring within 7 days of randomization. Read More

J Clin Med 2022 May 7;11(9). Epub 2022 May 7.

Calgary Stroke Program, Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.

There is now considerable evidence that Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) carries important sequelae beyond the risk of recurrent stroke, particularly with respect to peri-event and post-event cognitive dysfunction and subsequent cognitive decline. The occurrence of a TIA could provide an important window in understanding the relationship of early mixed vascular-neurodegenerative cognitive decline, and by virtue of their clinical relevance as a "warning" event, TIAs could also furnish the opportunity to act preventatively not only for stroke prevention but also for dementia prevention. In this review, we discuss the current state of the literature regarding the cognitive sequelae associated with TIA, reviewing important challenges in the field. Read More

J Clin Med 2022 May 7;11(9). Epub 2022 May 7.

Sf. Spiridon Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania.

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is a rare autosomal dominant vascular disease defined by the presence of mucosal and cutaneous telangiectasia and visceral arterio-venous malformations. The latter are abnormal capillary-free direct communications between the pulmonary and systemic circulations with the following consequences: arterial hypoxemia caused by right-to-left shunts; paradoxical embolism with transient ischemic attack or stroke and brain abscess caused by the absence of the normally filtering capillary bed; and hemoptysis or hemothorax due to the rupture of the thin-walled arterio-venous malformations (particularly during pregnancy). It is frequently underdiagnosed, commonly presenting as complications from shunting through arterio-venous malformations: dyspnea, chronic bleeding, or embolism. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2022 May 3;23(9). Epub 2022 May 3.

Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea.

Neuronal loss (death) occurs selectively in vulnerable brain regions after ischemic insults. Astrogliosis is accompanied by neuronal death. It can change the molecular expression and morphology of astrocytes following ischemic insults. Read More

J Neurosurg 2022 May 13:1-6. Epub 2022 May 13.

2Department of Neurosurgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, New York.

Objective: Carotid stenosis is currently treated by carotid endarterectomy (CEA), carotid artery stenting (CAS), or transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR). This study sought to add to the literature by providing real-world data comparing the safety and effectiveness associated with the performance of these carotid revascularization techniques by dual-trained neurosurgeons.

Methods: The authors performed a retrospective review of carotid stenosis databases at two US centers. Read More

Am Fam Physician 2022 May;105(5):Online

University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.