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Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Mar;98(10):e14711

Background: This study aimed to estimate the optimal dose of sufentanil, coadministered with 2.5 mg/kg propofol, for satisfactory laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion conditions in Chinese children and to determine the optimal bolus dose.

Methods: Seventy-five Chinese children aged 2 to 6 years with the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II, undergoing elective minor surgery were recruited. Read More

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2019 Mar;128(3_suppl):94S-105S

1 Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Introduction:: Endotracheal (ET) intubation is a common cause of acquired glottic stenosis. Severe cases often require an irreversible arytenoidectomy/cordectomy, which typically results in poor voice quality. Adult human cadaver larynges were studied to gain insights about ET tube-induced posterior glottic injuries, hoping to create a less invasive remedy. Read More

Turk J Med Sci 2019 Feb 11;49(1):116-122. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Background/aim: Nasotracheal Airtraq is specifically designed to improve the glottis view and ease the nasotracheal intubation process in normal and difficult cases.

Materials And Methods: After Ethics committee approval, we decided to enroll 40 patients with an ASA physical status of I or II, between 18 and 70 years of age undergoing elective maxillofascial, oral, and double chin surgery to determine which nostril is more suitable for nasotracheal intubation with nasotracheal Airtraq. Patients were randomized into the right and left nostril groups. Read More

Wilderness Environ Med 2019 Mar 31;30(1):52-55. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX.

Introduction: The utility of digital intubation, especially in an austere environment with limited equipment, has been previously described. However, evidence supporting best practices for its technique is limited. We seek to quantify the time to intubation and the rate of successful placement of the tube for digital intubation using different approaches and assistance devices. Read More

Laryngoscope 2019 Jan 28. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Hospitals and Health Centers, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A.

Objectives: Surgical repair of persistent tracheocutaneous fistula in children may be complicated by tracheal air leak with resultant subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, and/or pneumothorax. We first sought to identify clinical risk factors for postoperative complications after primary repair of persistent tracheocutaneous fistula in children. Second, the type and frequency of complications in patients administered positive airway pressure ventilation (e. Read More

Anaesthesia 2019 Mar 21;74(3):340-347. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Joint Base San Antonio-Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX, USA.

Proper placement of the tracheal tube requires confirmation, and the predominant method in addition to clinical signs is the presence of end-tidal carbon dioxide. Such is the importance of confirmation that novel methods may also have a place. We previously demonstrated using ex-vivo swine tissue a unique spectral reflectance characteristic of tracheal tissue that differs from oesophageal tissue. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Jan;98(2):e14098

Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan University West China Hospital.

Fast-track anesthesia (FTA) is difficult to achieve in neonates due to immature organ function and high rates of perioperative events. As a high-risk population, neonates require prolonged postoperative mechanical ventilation, which may lead to contradictions in cases where neonatal intensive care unit resources and ventilator facilities are limited. The choice of anesthesia strategy and anesthetic can help achieve rapid postoperative rehabilitation and save hospitalization costs. Read More

Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019 Jan;54(1):23-28

Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China.

To discuss the surgical safeness of the cleft palate children with airway stenosis by means of analyzing characteristics of the shape of the upper airway and comparing clinical data of cleft palate children with airway stenosis and non-airway stenosis. Tracing back from Apirl 2015 to Apirl 2017, 126 cleft palate children treated in Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, were included (46 male and 80 female, age of 7 to 74 months, median age 18 months). According to the spiral CT scan of neck, patients were categorized to airway-stenosis group (65 patients) and non-airway-stenosis group (61 patients). Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Feb 6;117:194-197. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University, Faculty of Medicine, Mugla, Turkey.

Introduction: We here present our experience with children who underwent flexible bronchoscopy for removal of inhaled tracheobronchial foreign bodies under general anesthesia via a laryngeal mask airway (LMA).

Materials And Methods: A total of 24 (16 male and 8 female, mean age: 30.75 ± 29. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Feb 9;117:1-5. Epub 2018 Nov 9.

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Seattle Children's, Seattle, WA, USA.

Purpose: Surgical simulation has proven useful in training for high-acuity, low frequency events such as airway foreign body removal (AWFBR). Studies have supported the role of simulation to improve trainee confidence and technical proficiency, but rigorous methodology is often lacking. Through a pilot study, we sought to evaluate the feasibility and utility of two-view video capture for rigorous assessment of trainee skill in an educational course setting. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Mar 7;118:6-10. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of ENT, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.

Study Objectives: To review the key parameters related to the proposed modified pediatric tracheostomy technique with to determine the efficacy, safety and outcomes in a tertiary hospital in south India. Patients and Methods A retrospective chart review of all children aged below 16 years who underwent tracheostomy at a tertiary hospital in south India during the period of August 2014 to August 2016. Data on age, gender, indication for tracheostomy, primary disease condition, duration of intubation, complications and decannulation rate were recorded. Read More

J Int Med Res 2019 Jan 16;47(1):235-243. Epub 2018 Dec 16.

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Objective: Nasotracheal (NT) intubation is commonly applied during head and neck surgery. However, improper tube size and depth may cause complications. In the current study, we investigated whether NT tubes are being appropriately used in terms of size and depth in adult patients. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Jan 11;116:65-69. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Endoscopic airway measurement (EAM) combines optical endoscopic instruments with open source image processing to accurately obtain airway dimensions. Preclinical models have demonstrated EAM as an accurate technique of airway measurement with the added advantage of characterizing multilevel stenosis, non-circular lesions, and distal obstruction. The aim of this prospective clinical study was to compare EAM to airway measurements obtained from endotracheal tube approximation (ETTA) during pediatric aerodigestive evaluation and to evaluate reproducibility of EAM across practitioners. Read More

Paediatr Anaesth 2018 12;28(12):1148-1153

Scientist (Statistician), DRBRAIRCH, AIIMS, New Delhi, India.

Background: Videolaryngoscopy has an established role in difficult airway management in adults. However, there is limited literature to support their efficacy in children. The Truview Picture Capture Device has shown promising results for endotracheal intubation in infants in the past. Read More

Tokai J Exp Clin Med 2018 Dec 20;43(4):143-147. Epub 2018 Dec 20.

Department of Anesthesiology, Hachioji-hospital, Tokai University School of Medicine, 1838 Ishikawamachi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0032, Japan:

Objective: The Universal Adapter for Smartphones c an record s till images and movies during intubation using the monitor display and recording functions of a smartphone. Here, we describe the successful use of the Airtraq Double Lumen with the Universal Adapter for Smartphones for airway management during anesthesia in a patient with intubation difficulty.

Methods: A 78-year-old man required thoracoscopic upper lobectomy for a pulmonary tumor. Read More

Anaesthesia 2019 Feb 20;74(2):225-236. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

Recent controversy regarding the ethics of conducting airway research in patients led to disagreements concerning the value and frequency of manikin-based investigation. However, no formal examination of the methodology of airway research has been undertaken. We, therefore, performed a systematic bibliometric review of airway management research to describe the conduct, quantify the subjects (patient vs. Read More

Paediatr Anaesth 2018 12 19;28(12):1129-1135. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Department of Anaesthesia, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK.

Background: A tracheocutaneous fistula is a known complication following tracheostomy decannulation. Although surgical techniques for its repair are well described, there is no consensus about perioperative management and this procedure may generate significant airway and respiratory complications intraoperatively, and in the early postoperative period. We aimed to describe variations in perioperative management in tracheocutaneous fistula closure, estimate the incidence of early airway and respiratory complications, and identify any predisposing factors. Read More

Anaesth Intensive Care 2018 Nov;46(6):632

Director, Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Tasmania.

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Nov;97(45):e13082

Department of Liver Surgery and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital.

Introduction: To systematically compare immediate postoperative tracheal extubation (IPTE) with conventional tracheal extubation (CTE) and to determine whether IPTE can achieve an enhanced recovery for adult patients underwent liver transplantation (LT) without additional risks. We designed a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: The RCTs, cohorts, case-controls, or case series that explored outcomes of IPTE after LT for adults were involved in our study. Read More

Saudi Med J 2018 Nov;39(11):1082-1089

Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Yuksek Ihtisas Research and Educational Hospital, Health Sciences University, Ankara, Turkey. E-mail.

Objectives:   To evaluate and compare the performances of new types of supraglottic airway devices (SADs) with endotracheal intubation regarding their ease of insertions, perioperative complications, and effects on hemodynamic parameters and peak airway pressures in laparascopic cholecystectomy (LC).  Methods: One hundred and fourteen patients with ASA 1-2 physical status scheduled for elective LC were recruited for this prospective randomized controlled trial. The study was completed between January  2016 and January 2017 in Adiyaman University Research and Educational Hospital, Adiyaman, Turkey. Read More

Int J Obstet Anesth 2018 Nov 1;36:3-10. Epub 2018 Jun 1.

Department of Anaesthetics, University Hospital Coventry, Clifford Bridge Road, CV2 2DX Coventry, United Kingdom.

Background: In view of newer techniques of preoxygenation and laryngoscopy and recent obstetric guidelines concerning the management of difficult intubation, we aimed to evaluate the current practice of rapid sequence induction for caesarean section in England.

Methods: In 2017, 316 questionnaire surveys were posted to all 158 hospitals with caesarean section capabilities in England. At each hospital, one questionnaire was to be completed by the obstetric anaesthetic consultant lead and one by an anaesthetic trainee. Read More

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2018 Nov;28(11):879-881

Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.

Tracheal stenosis may occur secondary to trauma, tumors, infections, and inflammatory and iatrogenic diseases. Patients with tracheal stenosis must be evaluated carefully and require comprehensive preoperative examination, including pulmonary function tests and radiographic studies. Two male patients (one 18 years of age and the other 46 years of age) with tracheal stenosis were scheduled for tracheal resection and reconstruction. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Dec 19;115:58-60. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

Pacific Coast Medical Inc, USA.

A 16-month old female was referred to our practice for laryngotracheal reconstruction (LTR) for acquired subglottic stenosis (SGS) diagnosed at 4 weeks of age due to prolonged intubation. She has a history of open thoracic repair of congenital tracheoesophageal fistula that was complicated by a pneumothorax and phrenic nerve paralysis. We performed a variation of an anterior and posterior cricoid split LTR with tracheal stenting in order to avoid risks of pulmonary morbidity from costochondral cartilage harvesting. Read More

Br J Anaesth 2018 Nov 18;121(5):1173-1178. Epub 2018 Sep 18.

Department of Anaesthesia, Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Anaesthesia, Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. Electronic address:

Background: Evaluation of the anterior neck anatomy is used to identify the cricothyroid membrane (CTM) before front of neck airway access. This has been traditionally performed using palpation which results in misidentification of the CTM in a high proportion of subjects. The 'laryngeal handshake' is currently advocated by the Difficult Airway Society as the method to identify the CTM. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Oct;97(40):e12593

Lazarski University, Warsaw, Poland.

Background: Securing the airway and enabling adequate oxygenation and ventilation is essential during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The aim of the study was to evaluate the success rate of blind intubation via the I-Gel and the Air-Q compared with direct laryngoscopy guided endotracheal intubation by inexperienced physician and to measure time to successful intubation.

Methods: The study was designed as a randomized, cross-over simulation study. Read More

Clin Respir J 2018 Nov 25;12(11):2613-2621. Epub 2018 Oct 25.

School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Background: Extubation failure can lead to a longer intensive care unit (ICU) stay, higher mortality rate, and higher risk of requiring tracheostomy. Chest physiotherapy (CPT) can help patients in reducing the accumulation of airway secretion, preventing collapsed lung, improving lung compliance, and reducing comorbidities. Much research has investigated the correlation between CPT and respiratory system clearance. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Nov 1;114:129-133. Epub 2018 Aug 1.

University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, United States.

Posterior glottic stenosis (PGS) describes a laryngeal disorder in which worsening degrees of scarring limit abduction of the vocal folds and/or arytenoids. It can be congenital or acquired. Generally, the acquired form is the result of chronic endotracheal tube trauma to the posterior larynx. Read More

Crit Care 2018 09 23;22(1):236. Epub 2018 Sep 23.

PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care; Anesthesia and Critical Care Department B, Saint Eloi Teaching Hospital, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, 34295, Montpellier, cedex 5, France.

Background: Patients liberated from invasive mechanical ventilation are at risk of extubation failure, including inability to breathe without a tracheal tube (airway failure) or without mechanical ventilation (non-airway failure). We sought to identify respective risk factors for airway failure and non-airway failure following extubation.

Methods: The primary endpoint of this prospective, observational, multicenter study in 26 intensive care units was extubation failure, defined as need for reintubation within 48 h following extubation. Read More

J Thorac Dis 2018 Aug;10(8):4782-4788

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo, Brazil.

Background: The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of patients with benign post-intubation tracheal stenosis considered as unfit for surgical treatment. Secondary objectives were: (I) to determine if clinical variables (gender, age, total treatment time, and type of tracheal device) could influence HRQL and (II) to compare the results with a normal standardized population.

Methods: Prospective study between August-2014 and December-2016 including patients with tracheal stenosis treated with silicone stents, T-Tubes or tracheostomy. Read More

Wilderness Environ Med 2018 09 30;29(3):357-365. Epub 2018 Jun 30.

University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; NorthShore University HealthSystem, Highland Park, IL. Electronic address:

Airway management in the wilderness runs the gamut from basic airway support to endotracheal intubation. Fortunately, direct laryngoscopy is a seldom called upon skill in expedition medicine. However, the medical skills required during a mission or expedition are never truly known in advance. Read More

PLoS One 2018 13;13(9):e0201944. Epub 2018 Sep 13.

Departments of Outcomes Research and General Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.

Background: Predicting difficult intubation is of high clinical interest.

Methods: 237 patients aged ≥18 years were included in the study. Preoperative airway evaluation included: Mallampati test, thyromental distance, sternomental distance and thyromental height test. Read More

JIMD Rep 2019 13;45:1-8. Epub 2018 Sep 13.

Paediatric ENT Department, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.

Background: Inclusion cell disease (I-cell) is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disease involving multiple organ systems, associated with a severely restricted life expectancy. No curative therapy is currently available, with management aimed at symptom palliation.

Methods: We present a retrospective, single-centre, case series of children referred to a tertiary paediatric metabolic service. Read More

PLoS One 2018 30;13(8):e0203142. Epub 2018 Aug 30.

Integrated Perioperative Geriatric Excellent Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Background: A predictive model of scores of difficult intubation (DI) may help physicians screen for airway difficulty to reduce morbidity and mortality in obese patients. The present study aimed to set up and evaluate the predictive performance of a newly developed, practical, multivariate DI model for obese patients.

Methods: A prospective multi-center study was undertaken on adults with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or more who were undergoing conventional endotracheal intubation. Read More

World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2018 Sep;9(5):529-536

1 Division of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiothoracic Surgery, Arkansas Children's Hospital, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.

Objectives: The objectives were to assess the incidence of immediate tracheal extubation in the operating room after pediatric cardiac surgery and to investigate predictors for subsequent reintubation.

Methods: This is a single institutional retrospective study including all patients who had a cardiac operation with cardiopulmonary bypass from 2011 to 2016. Patients who required preoperative ventilator support, postoperative open chest, or mechanical support were excluded. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Aug;97(34):e11984

Department of Emergency Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Korea.

Background: Novice clinicians who have little or no clinical experience in tracheal intubation occasionally need a long time to perform the procedure when using a large curved blade. They also have a lower tracheal intubation success rate, especially in emergency situations, such as cardiac arrest, than experienced practitioners. This study aimed to investigate whether the size of the curved laryngoscope blade affects the outcomes of tracheal intubation performed by incoming interns on a manikin model. Read More

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018 Oct 21;159(4):698-704. Epub 2018 Aug 21.

1 Department of Otolaryngology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.

Objective To determine the incidence of posttracheostomy tracheal stenosis and to investigate variables related to the patient, hospitalization, or operation that may affect stenosis rates. Study Design A combined retrospective cohort and case-control study. Setting Tertiary care academic medical center. Read More

Turk J Med Sci 2018 Aug 16;48(4):768-776. Epub 2018 Aug 16.

Background/aim: We compared the effects of volume-controlled equal ratio ventilation (VC-ERV) and volume-controlled conventional ratio ventilation (VC-CRV) on oxygenation, ventilation, respiratory mechanics, and hemodynamic status during mechanical ventilation with recruitment maneuver (RM) and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

Materials And Methods: A total of 111 patients scheduled for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy were randomized to ventilation with inspiratory to expiratory ratio of 1:1 (Group VC-ERV) or 1:2 (Group VC-CRV) following tracheal intubation. RM (40 cmH2O, 15 s) and PEEP (10 cmH2O) were administered to all patients. Read More

Anaesthesia 2018 Aug;73(8):1040-1041

Northwick Park Hospital, London, UK.

World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018 Jun 2;4(2):117-121. Epub 2018 Jun 2.

Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Objective: To identify the incidence of laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) in burn patients requiring mechanical ventilation at a regional academic burn center.

Methods: A retrospective review of all burn patients requiring endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy for airway management between 2003 and 2009 was performed. A group of trauma patients requiring similar airway instrumentation during the same period of time was used as a control. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Aug;97(32):e11834

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: A rigid video-stylet intubation device provides safe and accurate access to the trachea by enabling visualization of the airway structures during tracheal intubation. The primary purpose of this study was to examine the effects of glycopyrrolate premedication on tracheal intubation with a rigid video-stylet.

Methods: In this prospective, randomized, double-blinded study, 78 patients were randomly assigned to the control group (n = 39; no glycopyrrolate administration) or the glycopyrrolate group (n = 39; 0. Read More

World J Emerg Surg 2018 24;13:33. Epub 2018 Jul 24.

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 05278 South Korea.

Background: Prediction of difficult airway is critical in the airway management of trauma patients A LEMON method which consists of following assessments; Look-Evaluate-Mallampati-Obstruction-Neck mobility is a fast and easy technique to evaluate patients' airways in the emergency situation. And a modified LEMON method, which excludes the Mallampati classification from the original LEMON score, also can be used clinically. We investigated the relationship between modified LEMON score and intubation difficulty score in adult trauma patients undergoing emergency surgery. Read More

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2018 Sep 26;127(9):653-656. Epub 2018 Jul 26.

1 Department of Otolaryngology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.

Objectives: To increase awareness of vocal fold mobility impairment secondary to laryngeal mask airway (LMA) use in the operating room.

Methods: We report 2 cases of bilateral vocal fold mobility impairment after LMA use within 7 months of each other. One patient is a 52-year-old female who developed this complication after orthopedic elbow surgery. Read More

Minerva Anestesiol 2018 Jul 20. Epub 2018 Jul 20.

Department of Anesthesiology, Wannan Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, Anhui, China.

Background: Compared with men, women often have a shorter interincisor distance and a shorter thyromental distance but are less likely to have difficult airway. The hypothesis is that the prediction criteria of difficult airway differ between men and women. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in the prediction criteria of anatomic predictors for difficult airways in men and women. Read More

Paediatr Anaesth 2018 09 23;28(9):815-816. Epub 2018 Jul 23.

Department of Anesthesiology, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

A newborn infant was diagnosed with an imperforate anus, and colostomy was performed one day after birth. He exhibited repeated episodes of poor oxygenation during intubation, and a CT scan revealed a bridging bronchus. He was scheduled to undergo sacroperineal repair in the prone position 8 months later. Read More

Br J Anaesth 2018 Aug 5;121(2):453-461. Epub 2018 Jun 5.

Divisions of Emergency Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Background: Propofol is used to induce deep sedation or general anaesthesia for procedures in children. Adjuvants, such as ketamine, are routinely added to reduce the dose of propofol required and propofol-related adverse events. We conducted a randomised controlled trial to determine the effective bolus dose of propofol in combination with ketamine that induces adequate depth of anaesthesia in 50% of children (ED) undergoing gastro-duodenoscopy. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Jul 12;2018. Epub 2018 Jul 12.

Anaesthetics, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, UK.

We present the case of a 53-year-old man who attended our emergency department with stridor. He had recently undergone investigation for possible glottic cancer. We discuss the airway management of such a case. Read More

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018 Jun;98(24):1941-1944

Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tongren hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China.

To analyze the clinical applications of high frequency jet ventilation(HFJV) in cryotherapy of the trachea and bronchial neoplasms by the rigid bronchoscope. The clinical data of 35 patients who were treated with tracheal neoplasms cryotherapy by the rigid bronchoscopy under HFJV were collected in China-Japan Friendship Hospital from August 2008 to February 2015.Under general anesthesia, HFJV was used in all patients. Read More

Ethiop J Health Sci 2018 Mar;28(2):169-176

Departments of Surgery, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin and the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria.

Background: Airway management problems may arise when intubating patients with goitre scheduled for thyroidectomy. Goitres are not uncommon in sub-Saharan Africa, thyroidectomy being the main treatment. The aim of this study was to determine incidences of difficult intubation (DI), failed intubation (FI) and predictors of DI using a modified intubation difficulty score (IDS). Read More

BMC Anesthesiol 2018 06 30;18(1):79. Epub 2018 Jun 30.

Department of Anaesthesia, Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 128# Shenyang road, Shanghai, 200090, China.

Background: Obesity is a serious disorder and may bring about many difficulties of perioperative management. A systematic review was conducted to assess the association between obesity and difficult intubation.

Methods: We searched electronic databases for related reviews and references of meta-analyses on August 14, 2017. Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2018 Nov 29;34(11):2275-2281. Epub 2018 Jun 29.

Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, University of Niigata, 1-757, Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku,, Niigata City, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan.

Objective: Management of cervicomedullary compression due to foramen magnum stenosis in achondroplasia remains controversial, especially for patients with no symptoms or mild symptoms. We examined the effectiveness of polysomnography (PSG) as an indicator for cervicomedullary decompression treatment.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed nine achondroplasia cases (mean age 1 year and 9 months) treated from 2008 to 2015. Read More