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Parasitology 2019 Apr 22:1-11. Epub 2019 Apr 22.

Department of Pathology,School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences,Sari,Iran.

Giardia lamblia (G. lamblia) is the most widely known protozoan parasite that causes human gastrointestinal infection worldwide. Some natural compounds exhibited pivotal effects against different infectious diseases. Read More

Infect Dis Clin North Am 2019 Jun;33(2):567-591

A. C. Camargo Cancer Center, Rua Professor Antonio Prudente, 211, Sao Paulo CEP: 01509-010, Brazil; Emilio Ribas Infectious Diseases Institute, Av. Doutor Arnaldo, 165, Sao Paulo CEP: 01246-900, Brazil.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients may infrequently develop parasitic infections at the time of the procedure via contamination from allograft tissue or blood products, and in the post-transplantation period through the traditional route of infection or as a reactivation caused by immunosuppression related to the transplant. To reduce risk, efforts should be directed at performing a comprehensive history, maintaining a high index of suspicion, and adhering to preventive measures. Additional strategies for the prevention, screening and careful follow-up, identification, and pre-emptive treatment of parasitic infections are required to reduce morbidity and mortality in HSCT patients. Read More

Front Vet Sci 2019 2;6:93. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

is a cause of congenital diseases, miscarriages and stillbirths in production animals. In Brazil, non-archetypal genotypes of the parasite may be related to severe disease. Experimental infection with was studied in sheep to analyse congenital transmission-related parameters in reinfections with different Brazilian parasite strains. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2019 Apr 18;19(1):329. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium.

Background: In Vietnam, few studies have determined the epidemiological status of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women and no routine prenatal screening is in place. This study was conducted to evaluate the seroprevalence of this zoonotic parasitic infection in pregnant women in Northern Vietnam and to assess the association with awareness, risk factors and congenital toxoplasmosis.

Methods: Approximately 800 pregnant women were included in the study from two hospitals, one in Hanoi and one in Thai Binh province, which is known to have a dense cat population. Read More

Epidemiol Health 2019 Mar 28:e2019009. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.

Objectives: Blastocystis hominis (B. hominis) is a very common large intestinal protozoan with the global prevalence in humans and non-human hosts. In this regard, there is not any precise statistics for the geographical distribution of Blastocystis to identify high-risk communities. Read More

Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2019 Apr 11;52:e20180228. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, MG, Brasil.

The objective of this study was to report a case of congenital toxoplasmosis that illustrates the difficulties in diagnosing this disease. The case highlights the lack of prophylactic guidelines and shortcomings in the gestational screening process. It demonstrates the peculiarities of the non-specific clinical picture of the infection acquired during pregnancy and identifies the challenges of ophthalmological and high-sensitivity exams in newborns that are crucial for an early diagnosis. Read More

Org Biomol Chem 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India.

Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous eukaryotic pathogen responsible for toxoplasmosis in humans and animals. This parasite is an obligate intracellular pathogen and actively invades susceptible host cells, a process which is mediated by specific receptor-ligand interactions. Here, we have identified an unnatural 2,4-disulfated d-glucuronic acid (Di-S-GlcA), a hexuronic acid composed of heparin/heparan sulfate, as a potential carbohydrate ligand that can selectively bind to T. Read More

JFMS Open Rep 2019 Jan-Jun;5(1):2055116919841689. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.

Case Summary: A 7-year-old female entire Birman presented with acute-onset haemorrhagic vulvar discharge. Moderate, normocytic, normochromic, non-/pre-regenerative anaemia, along with a moderate mature neutrophilia, were seen on haematology. Saline test for agglutination was positive. Read More

Biosci Rep 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

King Saud University, Riyadh, Egypt

Toxoplasmosis constitutes a global infection caused by oblige intracellular apicomplexan protozoan parasite. Although often asymptomatic, infection can result in more severe, potentially life threatening symptoms particularly in immunocompromised individuals. The present study evaluated the anti-Toxoplasma effects in experimental animals of silver nanoparticles synthesized in combination with extracts of natural plants ( and ) as an alternative method to standard sulfadiazine drug therapy. Read More

Cureus 2019 Feb 4;11(2):e4001. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK.

Ocular toxoplasmosis occurs subsequently after systemic infection with the protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). The parasite has a high affinity for retinal microvascular endothelium with the retina being the primary site of infection in the eye. Read More

Acta Trop 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Alexandria Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria, 00203, Egypt. Electronic address:

Toxoplasmosis is a widespread, neglected disease with significant morbidity and mortality. In search of an effective treatment, nitazoxanide (NTZ) was evaluated in the treatment of acute and chronic toxoplasmosis in experimental mice. For this purpose, mice were infected with 20 cysts (acute infection model) or 10 cysts (chronic infection model) of Toxoplasma gondii (ME 49 strain). Read More

Front Immunol 2019 29;10:592. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China.

There is no effective protective vaccine against human toxoplasmosis, which is a potential threat to nearly a third of the world population. Vaccines based on virus-like particles (VLPs) have been highly successful in humans for many years, but have rarely been applied against infection. In this study, we inserted a B cell epitope (SAG1 or SAG1), a CD8 cell epitope (HF10 or ROP7), and a CD4 cell epitope (AS15) of into a truncated HBc(amino acids1-149) particle to construct four chimeric VLP vaccine formulations, i. Read More

Rev Prat 2019 Mar;69(3):291-296

Service de parasitologiemycologie, AP-HP, Hôpitaux universitaires La Pitié-Salpêtrière - Charles-Foix, Paris, France.

Serological monitoring and prevention of toxoplasmosis during pregnancy. Determination of the serological status against toxoplasmosis is mandatory in France during pregnancy. Recently, the national social welfare system decided to include new exams (IgG avidity and western-blot) useful to assess the serological status and to date the infection with a better accuracy. Read More

Parasitol Res 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.

Toxoplasma gondii is a global, zoonotic parasite capable of infecting any warm-blooded host. Toxoplasmosis can cause a variety of illnesses including abortions and congenital defects in humans, sheep, and goats. Congenital toxoplasmosis is considered to have the highest global disease burden of any foodborne illness in humans. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Department of Neurosurgery, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, CA 95128; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305. Electronic address:

Background: Neurological complications are common in HIV/AIDS patients. While both the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) can be affected, up to 80% of HIV/AIDS patients have CNS involvement during the course of their illness. The brain is the primary site of HIV/AIDS associated CNS complications. Read More

Arq Bras Oftalmol 2019 Apr 8. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Department of Ophthalmology, Ulucanlar Eye Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and types of optic nerve involvement in patients with ocular toxoplasmosis.

Methods: For this retrospective cross-sectional study, we examined all patients with active ocular toxoplasmosis referred to our Uveitis Section during the last 12 years, and we included patients with optic nerve involvement in the study. The primary outcome was the prevalence of optic nerve involvement, and secondary outcomes included the types of optic nerve involvement and the final best-corrected visual acuity after treatment. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019 Apr 10;13(4):e0007306. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.

Background: A few studies investigated the relationship between toxoplasmosis and mental disorders, such as obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). However, the specific nature of the association between Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection and OCD is not yet clear. Read More

Rev Sci Tech 2018 Dec;37(3):907-924

Toxoplasmosis is one of the most widespread zoonoses in the world, due to the existence of a wide variety of Toxoplasma gondii hosts, which include several domestic animal species. In Cuba, there is sustained production of the Bubalus species, which is highly adaptable and disease resistant, although it has been identified as a reservoir for a range of aetiological agents. Several countries have reported buffaloes as the intermediate host of T. Read More

Pathogens 2019 Apr 7;8(2). Epub 2019 Apr 7.

Mikrobiologisches Institut-Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.

Apicomplexan parasites are protozoan organisms that are characterised by complex life cycles and they include medically important species, such as the malaria parasite and the causative agents of toxoplasmosis () and cryptosporidiosis ( spp.). Apicomplexan parasites can infect one or more hosts, in which they differentiate into several morphologically and metabolically distinct life cycle stages. Read More

EXCLI J 2019 2;18:1-7. Epub 2019 Jan 2.

Department of Biotechnology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran.

Toxoplasmosis is considered as one of the most prevalent human parasitic infections that can be transmitted from mother to the fetus. The onset of toxoplasmosis during pregnancy has clinical complications including spontaneous abortion, preterm labor, stillbirth and fetal abnormalities. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Toxoplasmosis infection in pregnant women and their infants in Lorestan province, Western Iran. Read More

J Parasit Dis 2019 Mar 30;43(1):83-86. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

2Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.

Screening of toxoplasmosis in cancer patients is mandatory especially before starting treatment to guard against life-threatening disseminated disease. Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis rely mainly on serology. The most widely used method for detection of anti- (. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2019 Apr 2;114:108797. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Programa de Pós-graduação em Biociências e Fisiopatologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, n° 5790, CEP: 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.

Objective: To analyze the remodeling dynamics of total collagen, type I and III, the expression of ICAM-1 and 5-HT in the jejunum of rats.

Methods: Twenty-eight Wistar rats were randomly assigned to two experimental groups: the control group (CG, n = 7) and the infected group (receiving 5,000 sporulated T. gondii oocysts - ME49 strain, genotype II, n = 21). Read More

Parasitol Res 2019 Apr 4. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Avenida IPN N°2508. Sn Pedro Zacatenco, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, 07360, Mexico City, CP, Mexico.

After host cell invasion, Toxoplasma secretes a variety of dense granule proteins (GRA proteins) from its secretory dense granules, which are involved in the biogenesis of the parasitophorous vacuole (PV). TgGRA8 is predicted to contain proline-rich domains, which are structural features of some cytoskeleton-related proteins. In agreement with this observation, previous proteomic analyses revealed the presence of TgGRA8 in the Toxoplasma sub-pellicular cytoskeleton. Read More

Ecohealth 2019 Apr 3. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

American Bird Conservancy, 4301 Connecticut Ave., NW, Suite 451, Washington, DC, 20008, USA.

One Health is a collaborative, interdisciplinary effort that seeks optimal health for people, animals, plants, and the environment. Toxoplasmosis, caused by Toxoplasma gondii, is an intracellular protozoan infection distributed worldwide, with a heteroxenous life cycle that practically affects all homeotherms and in which felines act as definitive reservoirs. Herein, we review the natural history of T. Read More

Parasitol Res 2019 Apr 3. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Centre of Excellence for Food- and Vector-borne Zoonoses, National Reference Laboratory for Toxoplasmosis, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 4, Belgrade, 11129, Serbia.

Neosporosis in cattle is a globally important disease, causing abortions and significant economic losses if epidemic abortions occur. In Serbia, however, studies of Neospora caninum infection in cattle are few and are based on limited samples and/or from limited areas. We thus performed a nationwide study to examine the seroprevalence of N. Read More

Nature 2019 04 3;568(7750):103-107. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Apicomplexa is a group of obligate intracellular parasites that includes the causative agents of human diseases such as malaria and toxoplasmosis. Apicomplexans evolved from free-living phototrophic ancestors, but how this transition to parasitism occurred remains unknown. One potential clue lies in coral reefs, of which environmental DNA surveys have uncovered several lineages of uncharacterized basally branching apicomplexans. Read More

Acta Parasitol 2019 Apr 2. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.

Introduction: Toxoplasma gondii is the pathogen of toxoplasmosis, which affects a wide range of animal species and humans.

Materials And Methods: In the present study, a serological investigation was undertaken to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in free-ranging pigs in northeastern China. Read More

Parasitol Int 2019 Mar 30;71:76-79. Epub 2019 Mar 30.

Department of Tropical Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address:

Toxoplasmosis is a food-borne infection that is widespread around the world, causing congenital disorders and opportunistic infections. Ingestion of undercooked meat is one of the risk factors for infection with the causative agent, Toxoplasma gondii. Japanese people occasionally eat rare meat as a traditional cuisine style called "Sashimi". Read More

Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2019 Mar;43(1):5-9

Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Parazitoloji Anabilim Dalı, İzmir, Türkiye

Objective: Toxoplasmosis, in which obligate intracellular protozoa () is the causative organism, is a multisystemic disease that can be seen all over the world and can impair all vertebrates. The only hosts known for T.gondii are members of Felidae family. Read More

Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2019 Mar;43(1):1-4

Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Parazitoloji Anabilim Dalı, Aydın, Türkiye

Objective: is a common apicomplexan parasite of humans and can cause significant morbidity and mortality due to congenital transmission and in patients with immune deficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate serology results of 11 years and to determine compatibility of serologic diagnosis methods.

Methods: The study was conducted between 2007 and 2017, and anti- IgG antibodies were investigated by an in-house Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Indirect Fluorescence Antibody (IFA) methods. Read More

Saudi J Ophthalmol 2019 Jan-Mar;33(1):84-87. Epub 2018 Jul 26.

Dhahran Eye Specialist Hospital, Saudi Arabia.

This is a case of toxoplasmosis retinochoroiditis which has resulted in the formation of vitreomacular traction upon resolution which is rarely associated with ocular toxoplasmosis. A 39-year-old male came with an active toxoplasmosis retinochoroiditis. Best-corrected visual acuity, full ophthalmic slitlamp examination, colour fundus photography, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and fluorescein angiography were performed. Read More

Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2019 Jan 11;15:100264. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia; China-Australia Joint Research and Training Center for Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.

Serum samples from 423 small ruminants (335 sheep and 97 goats) from 72 farms in 6 districts in the province of Dohuk, north Iraq, were tested for the presence of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii using a latex agglutination test (Latex) and an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA). When the test results were interpreted in parallel, 42.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 36. Read More

J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019 Mar 18;170:139-152. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, 250 67, Klecany, Czech Republic.

The aim of the presented work was to develop a highly sensitive, accurate and rapid analytical method for the determination of concentration levels of tryptophan and its metabolites of kynurenine catabolic pathway, as well as neurotransmitters and their metabolites in complex biological matrices (brain tissue and blood plasma). The developed analytical method consists of analytes separation from the biological matrices by protein precipitation (blood plasma) or solvent extraction (brain tissue), derivatization of the analytes and their detection by high-performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry. Individual steps of the whole process were optimized and the method was validated in the terms of selectivity, linearity (R≥0. Read More

Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2019 Apr 12;8:234-239. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, PR China.

Marsupials are highly susceptible to infection. Here, we report infection in four kangaroos from a zoo in China. Kangaroos were imported into China in 2000 and were since bred in zoo. Read More

Acta Vet Hung 2019 Mar;67(1):34-39

1 National Reference Laboratory for Toxoplasmosis, Centre of Excellence for Food- and Vector-borne Zoonoses, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade , Dr. Subotica 4, P.O. Box 102, 11129 Belgrade , Serbia.

Human trichinellosis and Trichinella infection in pigs are both still endemic in the Balkans, including Serbia. Because of the flow between the sylvatic and the domestic cycle of Trichinella spp., monitoring wildlife has been recommended for the risk assessment of Trichinella spp. Read More

J Wildl Dis 2019 Mar 28. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

4 Department of Science and Technology-National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research/South African Medical Research Council, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town, South Africa, 8000.

We investigated Toxoplasmosis gondii antibody seroprevalence in free-ranging caracals ( Caracal caracal) in Cape Town, South Africa, from 2014 to 2017. Seropositivity was 83% (24/29), which is substantially higher than that detected in sympatric feral domestic cat ( Felis catus) populations. The impact of this pathogen on local human and wildlife communities may be of concern. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2018 20;31:47. Epub 2018 Sep 20.

Service de Dermatologie de l'Hôpital National Donka, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, République de Guinée.

In the industrialized countries and, in particular, in France, given the means of prevention, early screening and treatment of HIV infection, there is almost no evidence of opportunistic infections among immigrants and in some disadvantaged socio-professional groups. We here report the case of a 42-year old African immigrant HIV1 positive man with impaired general condition hospitalized for infectious syndrome. He had received antiretroviral therapy for 2 years and stopped it four months before admission. Read More

Intern Med 2019 Mar 28. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan.

We herein describe a case of Sweet's syndrome (SS) in a patient being treated for pulmonary toxoplasmosis complicated with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The patient's SS developed after the pulmonary toxoplasmosis improved following treatment. We searched his cytokine profiles comprehensively using a bead-based immunoassay. Read More

Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2019 Mar 26:1-10. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

a Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Care, Education and Research Hospital , University of Health Sciences , Ankara , Turkey.

Aim: To determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma in a tertiary referral center in Turkey and to discuss the benefits and drawbacks of routine antenatal screening.

Materials And Methods: A serologic test for Toxoplasma is free of charge for all pregnant women as part of routine antenatal care at their first prenatal visit. The study was conducted between 2008 and 2017. Read More

Parasit Vectors 2019 Mar 25;12(1):140. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Unidad de Biotecnología 6-UB6, IIB-INTECH, CONICET-UNSAM, Intendente Marino Km 8.2, B7130IWA, Chascomús, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina.

Background: The 90-kDa heat-shock protein (Hsp90) from Nicotiana benthamiana (NbHsp90.3) is a promising adjuvant, especially for those vaccines that require a T cell-mediated immune response. Toxoplasma gondii SAG1 is considered one of the most important antigens for the development of effective subunit vaccines. Read More

Parasite Epidemiol Control 2019 May 4;5:e00100. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Infectious Disease Preparedness, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark.

Background: is an important foodborne zoonotic parasite. Meat of infected animals is presumed to constitute a major source of human infection and may be a driver of geographical variation in the prevalence of anti- antibodies in humans, which is substantial in the Nordic-Baltic region in northern Europe. However, data on seroprevalence of in different animal species used for human consumption are scattered. Read More

Mediators Inflamm 2019 17;2019:9356728. Epub 2019 Feb 17.

Department of Ophthalmology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany.

Purpose: To compare the intraocular cytokine and chemokine profiles in patients with acute primary acquired ocular toxoplasmosis (pOT) or recurrent ocular toxoplasmosis (rOT) and to correlate them with their clinical characteristics.

Methods: Aqueous humor samples were collected from 62 consecutive patients (21 pOT, 30 rOT, and 11 noninfected controls) and analyzed by multiplex assay. Correlations were assessed between cytokine/chemokine levels, type of inflammatory response (T1, T2, and T17), and clinical characteristics. Read More

Pharm Biol 2019 Dec;57(1):154-160

c Department of Horticulture , Cape Peninsula University of Technology , South Africa.

Context: Cola gigantea A. Chev. (Sterculiaceae) is an important medicinal tropical flora. Read More

Exp Parasitol 2019 Mar 20;200:7-12. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Electronic address:

As current toxoplasmosis chemotherapies have many side effects along with toxicity on patients, we examined the anti-Toxoplasma effect of a biologically important natural antibiotic, kojic acid, in vitro and in vivo. Vero cells were incubated with different concentrations of kojic acid or pyrimethamine (positive control), and the cellular viability was determined. Next, Vero cells were infected with T. Read More

PLoS One 2019 22;14(3):e0214310. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

Institut de Parasitologie et Pathologie Tropicale, EA, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.

Ocular toxoplasmosis (OT), mostly retinochorioditis, is a major feature of infection with the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. The pathophysiology of this infection is still largely elusive; especially mouse models are not yet well developed. In contrast, numerous in vitro studies showed the highly Toxoplasma strain dependent nature of the host-parasite interactions. Read More

Clin Transplant 2019 Mar 21:e13546. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.

These updated guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Community of Practice of the American Society of Transplantation review the diagnosis, prevention and management of tissue and blood protozoal infections in the pre- and post-transplant period. Significant new developments in the field have made it necessary to divide the previous single guideline published in 2013 into two sections, with the intestinal parasites separated from this guideline devoted to tissue and blood protozoa. The current update reflects the increased focus on donor screening and risk-based recipient monitoring for parasitic infections. Read More

J Comp Pathol 2019 Feb 27;167:18-25. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, Scotland, United Kingdom. Electronic address:

European moles (Talpa europaea) are a common species in the UK, but there are few published data on the causes of mortality in these animals. An opportunistic post-mortem study was carried out on 44 moles found dead or dying in Cornwall, UK. Assessment of muscle condition and fat reserves, where possible, indicated that most (27 of 37, 73%) were in good nutritive condition. Read More

J Dev Orig Health Dis 2019 Mar 22:1-9. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

1Department of Physiology & Cell Biology,University of Nevada,Reno School of Medicine,Reno, NV,USA.

Recent work has implicated one type of horizontal strabismus (exotropia) as a risk factor for schizophrenia. This new insight raises questions about a potential common developmental origin of the two diseases. Seasonality of births is well established for schizophrenia. Read More

Front Vet Sci 2019 6;6:55. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Laboratory of Immunoparasitology "Dr. Mário Endsfeldz Camargo", Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil.

infection can cause abortions or congenital infection for a vast number of domestic animals and humans, leading to economic loss in veterinary sciences, as well as severe consequences for immunocompromised patients. Linné has been used in ethnopharmacology for treatment of diseases, as malaria, diabetes and hepatitis, in addition to its use as antioxidant, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral. The components of this plant have never been studied before for treatment of toxoplasmosis, and the conventional drugs currently used to treat this disease have high degree of toxicity. Read More

Front Immunol 2019 6;10:418. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China.

causes infections in a wide range of intermediate hosts and remains a threatening disease worldwide because of the lack of effective drugs and vaccines. Dense granule protein 24 (GRA24) is a novel essential virulence factor that is transferred into the nucleus of host cells from the parasitophorous vacuole to regulate gene expression. In the present study, bioinformatic analysis showed that GRA24 had a high score for B-cell and T-cell epitopes compared with surface antigen 1 (SAG1), which has been studied as a promising vaccine candidate. Read More