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Parasite Immunol 2020 May 29:e12760. Epub 2020 May 29.

Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.

Aims: Helminthic infection and the parallel host immune reactions are the results of a protracted dynamic co-interaction between the host and worms. An assessment of the effect of Toxocara canis infection on arthritis in rats stimulated by freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) was the main purpose of the investigation.

Methods And Results: An arthritis model was established by the administration of 0. Read More

Vaccine 2020 May 22. Epub 2020 May 22.

Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Electronic address:

Toxocariasis, a natural helminth infection of dogs and cats caused by Toxocara canis and T. cati, respectively, that are transmitted to mammals, including humans. Infection control is based currently on periodic antihelmintic treatment and there is a need for the development of vaccines to prevent this infection. Read More

Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020 May 18. Epub 2020 May 18.

Cysticercosis Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurologicas, Lima, Peru.

Human exposure to spp. is very frequent, and its larvae can cross the blood-brain barrier and invade the central nervous system (CNS), causing neurotoxocariasis. We aimed to establish a neurotoxocariasis animal model in pigs confirmed by necropsy. Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2020 May 18. Epub 2020 May 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

Introduction: Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan parasite that can cause ocular toxoplasmosis with most complications such as retinal detachment. Toxocara parasite, round worm, found in dogs and cats appears as larva migrans in humans can cause serious ocular complications such as debilitating vision loss.In Khuzestan province, southwest of Iran, T. Read More

Parasitol Int 2020 May 13;78:102134. Epub 2020 May 13.

Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPEL), Pelotas, Brazil. Electronic address:

The nematode Toxocara canis is of public health importance and is the main causative agent of toxocariasis in humans. This disease is difficult to diagnose due to several factors, including the possibility of cross-reactions with other nematodes in the ELISA. To overcome this problem, molecular tests have been recommended as an alternative to identify the parasite. Read More

Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2020 Apr 22;71:101488. Epub 2020 Apr 22.

Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address:

Toxocariasis is considered a neglected disease despite the importance of Toxocara spp. infections for human health and is little recognized as a significant problem by public health institutions in developing countries. Epidemiological studies suggest that infection with Toxocara cati contributes to the development of allergic asthma. Read More

J Infect Public Health 2020 May 11. Epub 2020 May 11.

Catholic University in Ružomberok, Námestie A. Hlinku 48, 034 01 Ružomberok, Slovakia.

Background: Human toxocariasis is a cosmopolitan helminthic zoonosis caused by roundworms of the genus Toxocara. The study aimed at a cross-sectional analysis of seropositivity to Toxocara spp. in selected groups of population in Slovakia and an estimate of the risk factors of infection. Read More

Parasite 2020 13;27:32. Epub 2020 May 13.

Service de Parasitologie et Mycologie, Université de Toulouse, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, TSA 40031-31059 Toulouse cedex 9, France - Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, UPS, TSA 40031-31059 Toulouse cedex 9, France.

To assess the possible influence of atopy on the clinical picture of human toxocariasis, a retrospective study was carried out using file records for patients who attended the Outpatient Clinic of Parasitology in Toulouse University Hospitals. A total of 106 file records for patients who had been diagnosed with common/covert toxocariasis were extracted from the database. Forty-nine patients (20 females and 29 males) were considered atopic since they exhibited a long (≥ 1 year) history of various allergic issues along with a titer ≥ 0. Read More

Parasit Vectors 2020 May 12;13(1):245. Epub 2020 May 12.

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Medical Helminthology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.

Background: The diagnosis of active Toxocara canis infections in humans is challenging. Larval stages of T. canis do not replicate in human tissues and disease may result from infection with a single T. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 1;109:89-108. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China. Electronic address:

Toxocariasis is one of the most neglected worldwide zoonoses that is caused by larval nematode parasites of the genus Toxocara, Toxocara canis, and to a lesser extent, Toxocara cati, whose migration mechanism is still largely unknown. Fortunately, some advanced tools have been employed, such as genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, to better understand the molecular biology and regulatory mechanisms of Toxocara. Using genomics and transcriptomics, we can identify a large number of genes that participate in the development of Toxocara and the interaction of parasites and their hosts and can predict the functions of unknown genes by comparing them with other relevant species. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 6;109:879-883. Epub 2020 Apr 6.

Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Virology & Microbiology, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; Hagler Institute for Advanced Studies at Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States; Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States; James A Baker III Institute of Public Policy, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States; Scowcroft Institute of International Affairs, Bush School of Government and Public Service, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States. Electronic address:

While ascariasis, trichuriasis, and hookworm infection dominate global efforts to control human soil-transmitted helminth infections, a picture is unfolding to suggest that toxocariasis is now a fourth and perhaps equally important parasitic disease. Toxocara eggs are widespread in the environment and practically ubiquitous in the soils of many subtropical and tropical regions of Asia, Africa, and the Americas. Human zoonotic infection is also highly prevalent in these areas, based on serologic studies to detect anti-Toxocara antibodies. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 10;109:861-871. Epub 2020 Feb 10.

Clinical Studies Department, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia. Electronic address:

Dogs and cats have a close association with humans providing companionship; however, pets are reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens such as Toxocara. Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati are small intestinal nematodes found in canids and felids, respectively. Infected pets shed thousands of eggs resulting in environmental contamination. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 3;109:843-860. Epub 2020 Apr 3.

State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China. Electronic address:

Toxocariasis is a neglected parasitic zoonosis. Although some studies have reported the Toxocara prevalence in dogs and cats in mainland China, there is a lack of comprehensive analysis of these data. Here, we conducted the first systematic review based on relevant literatures published in Web of Science, PubMed and CNKI from January 2000 to July 2019 to assess the prevalence of Toxocara infection in dogs and cats in mainland China. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 9;109:801-817. Epub 2020 Apr 9.

Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.

The toxocariasis incidence in Russia is relatively low (1.8 cases per 100,000 individuals) and the parasite is not a major healthcare concern. However, the proportion of primary hosts testing positive for the parasite is high and varies between 3% and 100% in dogs (on average 33%), and between 6% and 52% in cats. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 22;109:743-778. Epub 2020 Feb 22.

CIBAV Research Group, Medicine Veterinary School, Agrarian Sciences Faculty, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. Electronic address:

Toxocariasis is a worldwide anthropozoonosis caused by Toxocara spp. nematodes. High prevalences of the disease has been found in developing countries, particularly in regions with poor sanitary conditions. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 25;109:615-639. Epub 2020 Apr 25.

Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia. Electronic address:

Zoonotic parasites, including Toxocara species, of pet and stray cats are of public health importance. Justification for, and the design and implementation of prevention and control of human toxocariasis may benefit from an understanding of the zoonotic potential and prevalence of parasites in this definitive host species. This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies, conducted to estimate the prevalence of Toxocara infection(s) in cats by geographical location, type (rural vs urban and stray vs pet), gender and age. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 10;109:585-614. Epub 2020 Feb 10.

Division of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Centre for Infectious Disease Control (CIb), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.

Embryonated Toxocara eggs in the environment are considered to be the most important source of human toxocariasis. These eggs, however, are also a source of infection for the definitive and paratenic hosts. Most available literature focuses on Toxocara canis in dogs, or other canids. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 26;109:561-583. Epub 2020 Feb 26.

Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia. Electronic address:

Dogs serve as the most important definitive hosts for Toxocara canis-a causative agent of human toxocariasis and one of the most widespread zoonotic helminth worldwide. The present study was undertaken to assess the global prevalence of T. canis infection in dogs. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 10;109:501-534. Epub 2020 Feb 10.

Independent Consultant, Lawrenceville, GA, United States. Electronic address:

Seroprevalence studies on human toxocariasis help to assess the burden and the morbidity associated with this zoonosis. This review searched the seroprevalence studies and case reports in six North African countries: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Sudan and Tunisia, since 1990. The search also included studies on the environmental factors related to the risk of transmission. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 10;109:483-499. Epub 2020 Feb 10.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address:

Background: Human toxocariasis occurs worldwide and is caused by nematodes of the species of the genus Toxocara. Infection occurs by the ingestion of eggs and is usually asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic. However, severe manifestations occur. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 10;109:465-482. Epub 2020 Feb 10.

Department of Medical Microbiology, Hitit University School of Medicine, Corum, Turkey; Department of Medical Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Near East University School of Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus. Electronic address:

Toxocariasis in humans is considered a rare disease in Turkey, and the absence of specific symptoms of this disease is probably the main reason for clinicians to underestimate and underdiagnose the disease. Although there are several seroepidemiological studies on visceral larva migrans in the country, a comparison between them is difficult as the serological tests are not standardised. After the introduction of the easily accessible ELISA kit in the market, the number of seroepidemiological studies has increased in which the reported rates ranged between 1% and 56%. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 5;109:449-463. Epub 2020 Feb 5.

Department of Molecular Parasitology and Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center of International Tropical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Tropical Medicine Division, International PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Human toxocariasis is a worldwide neglected zoonotic parasitic disease and caused mainly by Toxocara canis, and to a lesser event, by T. cati. There are only 16 epidemiological studies and 5 clinical toxocariasis case reports in 11 Southeast Asia countries and Taiwan (SEAT) that were found by searching data from PubMed in the period from January 1992 to August 2019. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 5;109:433-448. Epub 2020 Feb 5.

Department of Pathogen Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address:

Toxocariasis is a worldwide-distributed helminthic zoonosis, which mainly results from ascarid nematodes Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati. Humans become infected by accidental ingestion of infective eggs, raw or undercooked meat containing larvae. Keeping and contacting cats and dogs, and bad hygiene situations or habits are the main risk factors for Toxocara infection in China. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 9;109:419-432. Epub 2020 Apr 9.

Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia. Electronic address:

Overall incidence of toxocariasis in Russia is low and varies between 1.6 and 2.7 per 100,000, while in several hyper-endemic regions, such as Altay, Kurgan, Perm and Udmurtia, it reaches 43 per 100,000. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 10;109:375-418. Epub 2020 Feb 10.

Department of Medical Parasitology, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Toxocarosis is distributed worldwide and represents the most prevalent zoonotic helminth infection in industrialized countries, thereby posing a substantial risk for public health. Thus, toxocarosis is one of CDC's Neglected Parasitic Infections that has been targeted for public health action. This systematic review and meta-analysis summarizes Toxocara seroprevalence in general populations from Europe, populations suspected of Toxocara infection and defined risk groups. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 31;109:357-374. Epub 2020 Jan 31.

Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.

This chapter presents an overview of the seroprevalence of toxocariasis in Brazil and discusses how this zoonosis is studied, diagnosed, and treated in the Brazilian population. Toxocariasis in humans has a high prevalence in several regions of Brazil; however, this disease is neglected because of lack of knowledge, non-specific clinical signs, and difficult diagnosis. Most studies conducted in Brazil have estimated the prevalence of toxocariasis, i. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 5;109:341-355. Epub 2020 Feb 5.

Laboratorio de Parasitología Experimental del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico. Electronic address:

In Mexico, toxocariasis, like some other parasitosis in humans, is not a disease of conventional surveillance or immediate notification. Seroprevalence studies are scarce, six dealing with paediatric populations and eight dealing with adults; the reports were only from four states in Mexico. There were 1596 children, and the seroprevalence was 13. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 21;109:317-339. Epub 2020 Feb 21.

Children's of Mississippi, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States.

Toxocara species are intestinal helminths of dogs and cats, the larval stages of which may infect humans and cause severe neural, ocular and visceral larva migrans disease. Such cases of severe overt disease represent only a small fraction of the of the US population who have been exposed and infected with Toxocara, subsequently developing IgG antibodies to the larvae. The true impact of exposure to Toxocara in this large group of Americans remains uncertain. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 20;109:3-16. Epub 2020 Feb 20.

University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.

Toxocara sp. are zoonotic parasitic roundworms that cause infection and morbidity in both developed and developing countries. In humans, infection is thought to be most common in children, particularly those living in poverty, and usually results from consumption of soil contaminated with parasite eggs deposited by dog or cat faeces. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 26;109:291-316. Epub 2020 Mar 26.

School of Health and Life Sciences, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, Australia.

Human infection with larvae of canine and feline roundworms belonging to the genus Toxocara can lead to devastating visceral, neural or ocular larvae migrans disease. However, such overt disease represents a fraction of cases. Far more common is covert toxocariasis, a less severe, but clinically symptomatic form of disease, and those who are exposed to infective larvae and seroconvert, but appear to be asymptomatic. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 25;109:275-290. Epub 2020 Apr 25.

Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia. Electronic address:

Human toxocariasis is a parasitic disease transmitted usually from dogs and/or cats that are infected with Toxocara species, and can be associated with a range of allergic, neurological and/or visual disorders. Recent epidemiological research has estimated that ~1.4 billion people worldwide, particularly in subtropical and tropical regions, are infected with, or exposed to Toxocara species, indicating that human toxocariasis is a neglected tropical disease. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 31;109:261-272. Epub 2020 Jan 31.

Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States; The Neuroscience Centre, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States.

Caused by the neuroinvasive nematodes Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati, human toxocariasis has a worldwide distribution with seroprevalence in humans associated with low socioeconomic status and low educational attainment. Third-stage Toxocara larvae can invade human tissues, including the brain and spine, where they can result in encephalitis, meningitis, and inflammation. Toxocara infection in animal models has been associated with cognitive and behavioural changes. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 5;109:233-259. Epub 2020 Feb 5.

Department of Molecular Parasitology and Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center of International Tropical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Tropical Medicine Division, International PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Toxocara canis belongs to one of zoonotic parasites that commonly infects canines worldwide, and its eggs in host faeces may contaminate the food, water, soil and their fur as well as the larvae entrapped in the granuloma can infect paratenic hosts including mice and humans. Survivability of T. canis embryonated eggs under moist, cool conditions may be as long as 2-4 years or more. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 31;109:219-231. Epub 2020 Jan 31.

Department G.F. Ingrassia, Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy. Electronic address:

Human toxocariasis, caused by larvae of the Toxocara spp., is one of the most prevalent zoonosis with a worldwide distribution. Toxocara larvae can cross the blood-brain barrier, invading the central nervous system (CNS), leading to neurotoxocariasis. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 10;109:189-218. Epub 2020 Feb 10.

Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany.

Neural larva migrans (NLM), or neurotoxocarosis, induced by Toxocara canis or Toxocara cati results from migrating and persisting larvae in the central nervous system of paratenic hosts, including humans. As the diagnosis of NLM in humans is not straightforward, most knowledge on the disease is derived from only a few published clinical cases. To improve our understanding of human NLM, studies on the pathogenesis and clinical symptoms in laboratory animal model systems are indispensable, and rodents have been accepted as the most appropriate model organisms for NLM. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 25;109:165-187. Epub 2020 Apr 25.

Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Several imaging modalities have now been employed to visualize the manifestations of larval Toxocara infection in hepatic, neurologic, ocular, renal, and other anatomical sites. This report reviews the usefulness and value of these individual imaging methods in diagnosis and follow-up of the different cases causing eosinophilic (granulomatous) infiltrations the liver, lungs, brain, heart, and eyes. Imaging provides a means of assisting in diagnosis and management in this infection where diagnosis by biopsy is often unlikely to capture an actual larva for the purpose of making a definitive diagnosis on the basis of larval morphology or DNA detection. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 31;109:153-163. Epub 2020 Jan 31.

Department of Infectious Diseases and Child Neurology, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.

Human toxocariasis is a worldwide helminth zoonosis caused by roundworms of the genus Toxocara. Toxocariasis is the most common helminth infection in many countries. Disease caused by Toxocara can be classified into five clinical forms: generalised, neurological, ocular, covert, and asymptomatic. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 11;109:131-152. Epub 2020 Feb 11.

Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.

Toxocariasis is a human infection primarily caused by larvae of Toxocara canis from dogs, and also by T. cati from cats. Children have a more significant risk of acquiring the infection due to their closer contact with pets, and greater chances of ingesting soil. Read More

Adv Parasitol 2020 18;109:111-130. Epub 2020 Feb 18.

Medical Parasitology, Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Toxocara canis and T. cati are among the most widely distributed helminthic species in the world with a high zoonotic impact. Millions of people are infected and hundreds of thousands are suffering from toxocarosis, a disease encompassing four different entities: larva migrans visceralis (VLM) syndrome, ocular larva migrans (OLM) syndrome, covert toxocarosis (covT), common toxocarosis (comT) and neurotoxocarosis (NT). Read More

Parasite 2020 5;27:30. Epub 2020 May 5.

Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003 Henan, PR China - MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu, PR China.

Toxocariasis is a zoonotic disease that poses a threat to public health worldwide. In the present study, we investigated the seroprevalence of Toxocara infection among primary school children in Henan province, central China, which was previously unknown. Sera from 2451 primary school children were collected from September 2015 to October 2018, and evaluated for anti-Toxocara antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020 May 5;14(5):e0008249. Epub 2020 May 5.

New York University, NYU Langone, Department of Pediatrics, New York, New York, United States of America.

Human toxocariasis has been identified as an under-diagnosed parasitic zoonosis and health disparity of significant public health importance in the United States due to its high seropositivity among socioeconomically disadvantaged groups, and possible links to cognitive and developmental delays. Through microscopy and quantitative PCR, we detected that Toxocara eggs are widespread in New York City public spaces, with evidence of significant levels of contamination in all five boroughs. The Bronx had the highest contamination rate (66. Read More

Trop Med Health 2020 22;48:23. Epub 2020 Apr 22.

School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.

Background: Human toxocariasis is a parasitic zoonosis caused by a parasite in the genus and is transmitted mainly by the accidental ingestion of embryonated (dog roundworm) or (cat roundworm) eggs. Several studies reported that children were the main population at risk for infection. Currently, no reports on the seroprevalence of infection in Thailand are available, and its status remains unknown among children who live in rural areas of southern Thailand. Read More

Acta Parasitol 2020 Apr 21. Epub 2020 Apr 21.

Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: Toxocariasis is one of the neglected zoonosis with considerable public health importance around the world. The current study aimed to elucidate the overall prevalence of Toxocara infection in human and definitive hosts and also the contamination of soil and raw vegetables with the ova of these parasites, in Iran, using systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: Six English and Persian databases were explored from 2000 to 2017 using the terms toxocariasis, Toxocara spp. Read More

Rom J Ophthalmol 2020 Jan-Mar;64(1):66-69

Clínica Oftalmológica Rahhal, Valencia, Spain.

We report a case of an asymptomatic Caucasian male who attended our clinic for a routine check-up and macular heterotopia associated with lesions compatible with ocular toxocariasis were found. Read More

Ann Agric Environ Med 2020 Mar 3;27(1):15-18. Epub 2020 Mar 3.

Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.

Introduction: The purpose of the study is to assess environmental contamination by Toxocara species eggs in public places in the city of Ilam, Ilam Province, southwest Iran.

Material And Methods: Between September 2018 and March 2019, 130 soil samples were collected from public places of 5 district municipalities of Ilam, southwest Iran. Soil samples were examined by microscopy following flotation method by sodium nitrate. Read More

Parasitology 2020 Jun 17;147(7):799-809. Epub 2020 Mar 17.

Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.

Neurotoxocariasis (NT) is a serious condition that has been linked to reduced cognitive function, behavioural alterations and neurodegenerative diseases. Unfortunately, the available drugs to treat toxocariasis are limited with unsatisfactory results, because of the initiation of treatment at late chronic stages after the occurrence of tissue damage and scars. Therefore, searching for a new therapy for this important disease is an urgent necessity. Read More

Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 2020 ;117(3):270-276

Department of Hepatology, Aso Iizuka Hospital.

A 49-year-old man with chronic hepatitis B receiving treatment with entecavir visited a hospital with a complaint of abdominal pain. Computed tomography (CT) showed 2 liver tumors, each measuring 1cm in diameter, 1 in segment 7 and 1 in segment 4. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a hypervascular tumor in segment 7 that appeared in a site different from that seen on CT. Read More

Exp Parasitol 2020 May 5;212:107871. Epub 2020 Mar 5.

Laboratório de Biotecnologia Infecto-Parasitária, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Biotecnologia, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil. Electronic address:

Toxocara spp. are responsible for causing toxocariasis, a zoonotic disease of global significance. In some countries of South America, toxocariasis is considered the most prevalent human helminthic infection. Read More

Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2020 Feb 18:1-6. Epub 2020 Feb 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.

: We investigated the changes in etiology of uveitis at the Uveitis Clinic of Tokyo Medical University Hospital in recent years.: Medical records of patients with uveitis diagnosed between 2011 and 2017 (Group A) and between 2001 and 2007 (Group B) were reviewed.: 1,587 patients in group A and 1,507 patients in group B were analyzed. Read More

J Infect Dev Ctries 2019 02 28;13(2):154-161. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

Introduction: Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) and toxocariasis caused by the larval stages of intestinal dog worms including Echinococcus granulosus and Toxocara spp. are among the most widespread zoonotic diseases.

Methodology: Four hundred municipal waste collectors were serologically evaluated for CE and toxocariasis. Read More