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Animals (Basel) 2022 Jun 10;12(12). Epub 2022 Jun 10.

Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China.

is a neglected zoonotic roundworm distributed all over the world, causing toxocariasis in humans and animals. However, so far, the immune mechanism of infection in definitive hosts remains to be clarified. In this study, the transcriptional alterations of Beagle dogs' peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) induced by infection during the lung infection period were analyzed using RNA-seq technology. Read More

Front Med (Lausanne) 2022 13;9:869976. Epub 2022 May 13.

State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Purpose: Ocular toxocariasis (OT) is a vision-threatening disease with a largely unknown intraocular pathogenesis. Herein, we determined the cytokine expression profile in aqueous humor (AH) of patients with OT.

Methods: This is a retrospective case-control study of cytokine levels in AH of patients with OT and uveitis and control subjects. Read More

J Med Microbiol 2022 May;71(5)

Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Toxocariasis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by migrating nematode worms, species larvae, within tissues. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at a post-transcriptional level. miRNA-based diagnostic biomarkers for toxocariasis are emerging, but there is limited information about the role of many miRNAs and a more detailed diagnostic evaluation of miRNA expression patterns is needed to understand their immunobiological function. Read More

Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2022 May 16;69. Epub 2022 May 16.

Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.

The nematodes Toxocara canis (Werner, 1782) and Toxocara cati (Schrank, 1788) have been associated with worse human cognitive function in children and middle-aged adults. In this study, we sought to determine the association between Toxocara seropositivity and serointensity determined by detection of IgG antibodies against the Toxocara antigen recombinant Tc-CTL-1 and cognitive function in older adults, including approximately 1,350 observations from the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Mean fluorescence intensity was used to quantify IgG antibodies against the Toxocara recombinant Tc-CTL-1 antigen, and respondents were considered positive at values greater than 23. Read More

Exp Parasitol 2022 Jul 21;238:108284. Epub 2022 May 21.

Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Toxocariasis is caused by infection with the nematode species Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati. Serological methods using eggs, larvae and adult worms of Toxocara spp. as antigen have been used for the diagnosis of human toxocariasis. Read More

Trop Med Health 2022 May 17;50(1):32. Epub 2022 May 17.

Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand.

Background: Human toxocariasis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the Toxocara canis and T. cati nematodes larvae. Dog owners are at a higher risk of acquiring T. Read More

Rev Chilena Infectol 2021 12;38(6):761-767

Hospital General de Niños "Pedro de Elizalde", Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Background: Toxocariasis is a widely spread parasitic disease. The most frequent clinical form is asymptomatic (AT) although it may present with visceral larva migrans (VLM), ocular larva migrans (OLM) or covert (TE) involvement.

Aims: To describe the clinical presentation, laboratory, evolution and treatment characteristics of the cases and to compare the various clinical forms of presentation. Read More

Rev Chilena Infectol 2021 10;38(5):727-728

Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.

Rev Chilena Infectol 2021 10;38(5):698-701

Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, Lima, Perú.

We present the case of an 8-year-old girl with an atypical presentation of toxocariasis, from the Peruvian Amazon. A month ago, the clinical presentation was characterized by the presence of abdominal pain, paleness and geophagia, associated with an abdominal mass and generalized lymphadenopathy. There were no respiratory, dermal, ocular or neurological symptoms. Read More

Korean J Parasitol 2022 Apr 20;60(2):133-137. Epub 2022 Apr 20.

Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 513200, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.

Toxocariasis is one of the most common geohelminth infections in several parts of the world. We describe a rare case of ocular toxocariasis with secondary exudative retinal detachment treated with albendazole and an intravitreal dexamethasone implant. A 13-year-old boy with counting finger vision was diagnosed with retinal vasculitis and exudative retinal detachment in his right eye. Read More

Ann Parasitol 2022 ;68(1):143-149

Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teheran, Tehran, Iran.

Toxocara canis (T. canis) is a common parasitic nematode in dogs and cats. Parasitic worms can cause chronic and long-term infections in their host, due to their ability to neutralize the host's defense mechanisms. Read More

Front Med (Lausanne) 2022 28;9:838800. Epub 2022 Mar 28.

Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Introduction: To evaluate and compare the specificity of Toxocara -specific antibody detection in the serum and aqueous samples for the diagnosis of ocular toxocariasis (OT) and explore the cytokine profiles associated with the condition in children.

Materials And Methods: This is a prospective cohort study. The inclusion criteria were the clinical presentations of OT, which included unilateral vision reduction, typical peripheral or posterior pole granuloma with variable degrees of vitritis, and exclusion of other diagnoses. Read More

Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica 2021 Oct-Dec;38(4):621-626. Epub 2022 Apr 1.

Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Dr. Francisco J. Triana Alonso". Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Sede Aragua, Universidad de Carabobo, Aragua, Venezuela.

The objective of this study was to determine ocular manifestations of toxocariasis in schoolchildren. A study was conducted in two schools in the Anzoátegui state in Venezuela in 2019. The ELISA test was used to determine IgG antibodies against Toxocara spp. Read More

Neurol Sci 2022 Jul 4;43(7):4583-4586. Epub 2022 Apr 4.

Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 3 Arsaki St, 57010, PefkaThessaloniki, Greece.

Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2022 Jun 26;85:101801. Epub 2022 Mar 26.

Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.

Human toxocariasis (HT) is one of the most prevalent zoonotic diseases with a worldwide distribution. There is no epidemiological study showing the seroprevalence of toxocariasis among children in southwest Iran, Khuzestan Province. Accordingly, this study was designed to estimate the seroprevalence of Toxocara canis (T. Read More

Ann Agric Environ Med 2022 Mar 23;29(1):50-55. Epub 2022 Feb 23.

Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

Introduction And Objective: Toxocariasis is a zoonotic parasitic infection with important public health considerations. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of anti- species antibodies and associated risk factors in domestic dogs and cats referred by their owners to veterinary clinics located in Karaj, Alborz Province, Iran.

Material And Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 540 owners of dogs and cats was conducted between July - December 2020. Read More

Int J Ophthalmol 2022 18;15(3):401-406. Epub 2022 Mar 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.

Aim: To investigate the clinical features of adult patients with ocular toxocariasis (OT) in north China and to diagnose adults OT patients in early stage.

Methods: Clinical data of 24 adults with OT were retrospectively analyzed. Slit lamp photographs and fundus photographs and other imaging examinations of all the patients were reviewed. Read More

Travel Med Infect Dis 2022 May-Jun;47:102287. Epub 2022 Mar 15.

La Paz Research Institute (IdiPAZ) Madrid, Spain; General Pediatrics and Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Red de Investigación Traslacional en Infectología Pediátrica (RITIP), Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Spain.

Background: Globalization has pushed population movements in the last decades, turning imported diseases into the focus. Due to behavioral habits, children are at higher risk of acquiring parasitosis. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of parasites in migrant children and factors associated with parasitic diseases. Read More

Travel Med Infect Dis 2022 May-Jun;47:102288. Epub 2022 Mar 2.

La Paz Research Institute (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain; General Pediatrics and Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Red de Investigación Traslacional en Infectología Pediátrica (RITIP), Spain; Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address:

Background: Toxocariasis is a worldwide distributed zoonosis that affects characteristically children. Clinical presentation is highly variable, often asymptomatic, and treatment duration is controversial.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive study (January 2014-December 2019) was performed in a referral Unit for Pediatric Tropical Diseases. Read More

Exp Parasitol 2022 May-Jun;236-237:108236. Epub 2022 Mar 3.

National Centre of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria; Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, 1504, Sofia, 26, Yanko Sakazov Blvd, Bulgaria. Electronic address:

Toxocarosis is a zoonotic disease caused by migration and subsequent localization of nematode larvae of Toxocara spp. in human organs and tissues, which is manifested with development of various non-specific clinical symptoms. Main diagnostic methods are serological and consists in proving the presence of anti-Toxocara IgG antibodies in patient's sera. Read More

Lancet Infect Dis 2022 03;22(3):426

State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address:

Microorganisms 2022 Jan 22;10(2). Epub 2022 Jan 22.

Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Hôpital Purpan, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, 330 Avenue de Grande-Bretagne, 31059 Toulouse, France.

For the last four decades, knowledge about human toxocariasis with regard to its epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical spectrum, and imaging or laboratory diagnosis has substantially progressed. Knowledge about specific therapy with anthelmintics has lagged behind. To date, only four drugs are registered for human use, and their efficacy has rarely been assessed in prospective controlled trials. Read More

Am J Trop Med Hyg 2022 Feb 21. Epub 2022 Feb 21.

Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.

Toxocariasis is a rare and underdiagnosed disease, and data concerning epidemiological aspects of toxocariasis in Israel are lacking. We describe the epidemiology of toxocariasis in Israel. Epidemiological data of all serology tests between 2005 and 2019 were retrieved and compared with detailed demographics. Read More

Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2022 2;64:e9. Epub 2022 Feb 2.

Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, LIM-06 - Imunopatologia da Esquistossomose, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

The Western-blotting technique was applied to identify antigenic fractions of excretory-secretory Toxocara canis antigen recognized by IgG antibodies throughout an experimental infection in mice challenged by different inocula. Mice were inoculated with 5, 50 and 500 embryonated eggs and serum samples were collected 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days post-infection. Serum samples were analyzed using an excretory-secretory Toxocara antigen. Read More

Vet Parasitol 2022 Feb 25;302:109663. Epub 2022 Jan 25.

Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia. Electronic address:

Canine roundworm, Toxocara canis, is considered ubiquitous but patent infections are rare in adult owned urban dogs. Hepato-pulmonary migration of T. canis is common in young dogs, but in adult dogs, the migration of T. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2022 Mar 20;25:101272. Epub 2022 Jan 20.

Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, 6565 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, USA.

Purpose: Neuroretinitis (NR) is an inflammatory disorder that presents with painless vision loss due to optic disc edema, peripapillary detachment, and macular lipid exudation. We report the first two documented cases of co-infections of pediatric NR due to Bartonella henselae with HSV and Toxocara cati, respectively.

Observations: A 10-year-old female with acute right-sided facial droop, right eye pain, and acute visual loss of the right eye is diagnosed with co-infection of Bartonella and HSV retinitis and is successfully treated with acyclovir, rifampin, and doxycycline. Read More

Iran J Parasitol 2021 Oct-Dec;16(4):587-592

Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Namazi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Background: Human toxocariasis is caused by and , the nematodes in the intestine of dogs and cats, respectively. Since the association between asthma and toxocariasis is controversial, the aim of the present study was to investigate the seroprevalence of infection among asthmatic children in comparison with healthy children.

Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 92 asthmatic and 91 healthy children aged 1-16 years old in Shiraz City, Southern Iran in 2019-2020. Read More

Iran J Parasitol 2021 Oct-Dec;16(4):538-547

Department of Parasitology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Ha Noi, Vietnam.

Background: Human toxocariasis is prevalent in many countries but this disease has been rarely reported from Vietnam. We aimed to investigate the clinical and laboratory findings and assess possible association between these findings in patients with toxocariasis in Vietnam.

Methods: A prospectively study, between October 2017 and June 2019 was performed involving 120 toxocariasis patients at Medic Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Read More

Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2021 11;29(7-8):1243-1245

Centre for Ophthalmology, University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.

Trends Parasitol 2022 04 17;38(4):280-289. Epub 2022 Jan 17.

Department of Zoology, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, DO2PN40, Ireland.

Zoonotic toxocariasis is increasingly prominent as knowledge of its insidious impact on human health accumulates. Toxocara canis dominates research attention, with Toxocara cati relegated to the periphery. We argue that there are few grounds to support this bias, and that differences in life history and epidemiology between T. Read More