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ACS Chem Neurosci 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Aggregation of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) into β-sheet-rich plaques is a general feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Homeostasis dysregulation of Cu mediates Aβ to form high cytotoxic aggregates, which causes cell damages by generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). To improve the inhibitory potency and explore the multifaceted functions of our previously designed decapeptide, RTHLVFFARK-NH (RK10), we have herein reformulated the decapeptide into its D-enantiomer, rk10, and the effects of chirality on Aβ aggregation, Cu-mediated Aβ aggregations and aggregate-remodeling effects were investigated. Read More

ACS Nano 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

The widespread use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has raised substantial health risks to human beings. Despite a wealth of progresses on toxicity studies, the understandings of the adverse effects on fetuses, embryos and early-stage cells are still rather limited, particularly under low-dose exposure settings. Moreover, nearly all previous studies ascribed AgNP-induced toxic effects to oxidative stress. Read More

J Surg Oncol 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.

Financial toxicity is the adverse impact of a cancer diagnosis on a patient's financial well-being resulting from direct or indirect costs. Potential consequences of financial toxicity include material loss, psychological distress, and/or maladaptive coping strategies. This review will summarize the prevalence, causes, and consequences of financial toxicity, with an emphasis on strategies to anticipate and reduce its burden. Read More

Int J Cancer 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.

There is limited data regarding the efficacy and safety of lenalidomide, adriamycin and dexamethasone (RAD) combination on newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients. There is also scarce information about the effect of lenalidomide on bone metabolism and angiogenesis in NDMM. Thus, we conducted a phase 2 study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of RAD regimen as induction in transplant-eligible NDMM patients and we studied the effects on bone metabolism and angiogenesis. Read More

PLoS One 2019 16;14(1):e0210785. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.

Background: Pure squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the urinary tract is rare in the UK and has a poor prognosis compared with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). Cisplatin based chemotherapy has been shown to be effective in TCC.

Methods: Patients with T3-T4, pelvic relapsed, nodal or metastatic SCC of the urinary tract were recruited into an open-label, single-arm, non-randomised, phase 2 trial evaluating the activity and safety of cisplatin, methotrexate and vinblastine (CMV) chemotherapy. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019 Jan 16;13(1):e0007026. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Nonclinical Safety, Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium.

Background: Flubendazole, originally developed to treat infections with intestinal nematodes, has been shown to be efficacious in animal models of filarial infections. For treatment of filarial nematodes, systemic exposure is needed. For this purpose, an orally bioavailable amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) formulation of flubendazole was developed. Read More

Endocr Relat Cancer 2019 Jan 1. Epub 2019 Jan 1.

L Hofland, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.

Chemotherapy for adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) has limited efficacy and is accompanied by severe toxicity. This lack of effectiveness has been associated with high tumoral levels of the multidrug resistance (MDR) pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp), encoded by the MDR1 gene. In this study, effects of P-gp inhibition on sensitivity of ACC cells to cytotoxic drugs were evaluated. Read More

Expert Opin Pharmacother 2019 Jan 16:1-11. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

a Division of Hematology/Oncology , Tufts Medical Center - Tufts University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA.

Introduction: Capecitabine is an oral prodrug of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) which is converted to 5FU by a series of reactions catalyzed by different enzymes, the last of the enzymes being thymidine phosphorylase (TP). TP is found to be elevated in tumor cells in comparison to normal cells, which consequently tumor-localizes the production of 5-FU, thereby limiting its systemic toxicity. Today, capecitabine is extensively used for the treatment of many solid malignancies, with a particular focus in breast and gastrointestinal tumors, but also in pancreatic cancer. Read More

FASEB J 2019 Jan 16:fj201802279R. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.

Multicellular organisms balance oxygen delivery and toxicity by having oxygen pass through several barriers before cellular delivery. In human cell culture, these physiologic barriers are removed, exposing cells to higher oxygen levels. Human cells cultured in ambient air may appear normal, but this is difficult to assess without a comparison at physiologic oxygen. Read More

Drug Saf 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital, and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, 1066, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) is a safe and effective personalized cancer immunotherapy that can comprise naturally occurring ex vivo expanded cells (e.g., tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes [TIL]) or T cells genetically engineered to confer antigen specificity (T-cell receptor [TCR] or chimeric antigen receptor [CAR] engineered T cells) to mediate cancer rejection. Read More

Drug Saf 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz and Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Ul. Ciolkowskiego 2, 93-510, Lodz, Poland.

Antibody-drug conjugates are monoclonal antibodies attached to biologically active drugs through chemical linkers that deliver and release cytotoxic agents at the tumor site, reducing the likelihood of systemic exposure and therefore toxicity. Currently, there are about 110 ongoing studies implementing antibody-drug conjugates in the treatment of multiple human malignancies. Antibody-drug conjugates carry a feature of the specificity of a monoclonal antibody and the anti-neoplastic potential of a cytotoxin. Read More

Drug Saf 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

, Gerrards Cross, UK.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that target epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) have dramatically improved progression-free survival in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who carry sensitizing EGFR-activating mutations and in patients with breast and pancreatic cancers. However, EGFR-TKIs are associated with significant and disabling undesirable effects that adversely impact on quality of life and compliance. These effects include dermatological reactions, diarrhoea, hepatotoxicity, stomatitis, interstitial lung disease and ocular toxicity. Read More

Drug Saf 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Departamento de Oncología. Clínica, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.

Immunotherapy has emerged in recent years and has revolutionized the treatment of cancer. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, including anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and anti-programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) agents, are the first of this new generation of treatments. Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents target immune cells by blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. Read More

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Institute of Water and Ecology Problems, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 56, Dikopol'tseva Street, 680000, Khabarovsk, Russia.

The 16 priority PAHs were qualitatively and quantitatively assessed in snow samples collected at 9 stations in the City of Khabarovsk and at 3 stations in the Bol'shekhekhtsirsky State Nature Reserve during 2014-2015 and 2016-2017. The HPLC analysis revealed that the range of Σ13PAH concentrations detected in snow collected in the Khabarovsk City area during 2015 and 2017 were between 42.83 and 441. Read More

Toxicol Sci 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Sciences, Harvard Medical School, MA.

The failure to predict kidney toxicity of new chemical entities early in the development process before they reach humans remains a critical issue. Here, we used primary human kidney cells and applied a systems biology approach that combines multidimensional datasets and machine learning to identify biomarkers that not only predict nephrotoxic compounds but also provide hints towards their mechanism of toxicity. Gene expression and high content imaging phenotypical data from 46 diverse kidney toxicants were analyzed using Random Forest machine learning. Read More

Toxicol Sci 2019 Jan 12. Epub 2019 Jan 12.

California Environmental Protection Agency's (CalEPA's) Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA), Oakland, California.

We developed an integrated, modular approach to predicting chemical toxicity relying on in vitro assay data, linkage of molecular targets to disease categories, and software for ranking chemical activity and examining structural features (chemotypes). We evaluate our approach in a proof-of-concept exercise to identify and prioritize chemicals of potential carcinogenicity concern. We identified 137 cancer pathway-related assays from a subset of US EPA's ToxCastTM platforms. Read More

J Econ Entomol 2019 Jan 11. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.

Similar to other pear psylla species in Europe and America, Cacopsylla chinensis (Yang and Li) is one of the most important pests that causes yield loss in commercial pear orchards in China. To investigate effective essential oils as alternatives to conventional pesticides against C. chinensis, 26 essential oils derived from commonly used Chinese spices and medicinal herbs were screened for insecticidal activity. Read More

Ann Surg 2019 Jan 10. Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Department of Otolaryngology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL.

MINI: Fluorescence-based nerve enhancement has advanced rapidly with potential for continued utilization and progression in translational research, though the ideal agent remains elusive. This review details the agents for fluorescence-guided nerve imaging in both preclinical and clinical use to identify factors important in selecting nerve-specific fluorescent agents for surgical procedures.

Objective: This review details the agents for fluorescence-guided nerve imaging in both preclinical and clinical use to identify factors important in selecting nerve-specific fluorescent agents for surgical procedures. Read More

Dermatitis 2018 Dec 18. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ.

Parabens now being formally declared as the American Contact Dermatitis Society (non)allergen of the year, the allergologic concerns regarding parabens raised during the past century are no longer a significant issue. The more recent toxicological concerns regarding parabens are more imposing, stemming from the gravity of the noncutaneous adverse health effects for which they have been scrutinized for the past 20 years. These include endocrine activity, carcinogenesis, infertility, spermatogenesis, adipogenesis, perinatal exposure impact, and nonallergologic cutaneous, psychologic, and ecologic effects. Read More

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

In artificial biological circulation systems such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), surface wettability is a critical factor in blood clotting problems. Therefore, to prevent blood from clotting, omniphobic surfaces are required to repel both hydrophilic and oleophilic liquids and reduce surface friction. However, most of omniphobic surfaces have been fabricated by combining chemical reagent coating and physical structures and/or using rigid materials such as silicon and metal. Read More

Thorac Cancer 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.

Background: Concurrent chemoradiation is the standard treatment for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We conducted a phase II study to explore the effect of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3-DCRT) alone for patients with locally advanced esophageal SCC. This study aimed to analyze the long-term survival outcomes. Read More

Clin Pharmacol Ther 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Intensive care and Emergency medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland.

Acute nociceptive pain management in children is a major public health concern. Effective and safe pain treatment is essential, but safety data cannot be simply extrapolated from adults to children due to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic specificities. In addition, the frequent absence of child-specific data, the difficulty to assess drug tolerability and the infants' inability to communicate properly and voluntarily report adverse drug reactions, make children more vulnerable to safety issues. Read More

Clin Pharmacol Ther 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstr. 17, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.

Drug transporters play an essential role in disposition and effects of multiple drugs. Plasma concentrations of the victim drug can be modified by drug-drug interactions occurring in enterocytes (e.g. Read More

J Environ Manage 2019 Jan 11;234:503-511. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

Departamento de Biología Molecular, FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, 5800 Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina. Electronic address:

Tannery effluents require effective treatment prior to their final disposal, and the use of native bacterial consortia could be an appropriate strategy for this purpose. In the present work, consortium SFC 500-1 was found to be highly tolerant to different metals, metalloids and aromatic compounds like phenols. It was also able to remove the black dye commonly used in tanneries. Read More

Chemosphere 2019 Jan 9;221:412-422. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China; Fujian Provincial Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Biochemical Treatment (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, 361021, China.

This research describes the function of oxygen vacancy on CoFeO for persulfate (PS) activation. Novel CoFeO with different vacancy degrees that were successfully developed via hydrogen calcination were characterized using X-ray diffraction analyzer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), H temperature-programmed reduction (H-TPR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms and dynamic light scattering. The activation of catalysts was analyzed using Bisphenol A (BPA) as pollutant, and the main active species generated during the reaction were identified by using N bubbling and scavenger experiments. Read More

Eur J Cancer 2019 Jan 12;108:69-77. Epub 2019 Jan 12.

Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1Z2, Canada.

Background: Sunitinib is administered on a rigid schedule that may not be optimal for all patients. We hypothesised that toxicity-driven dose and schedule changes would optimise drug exposure and outcome for each patient.

Materials And Methods: In a phase 2 trial, 117 patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell cancer were started on sunitinib 50 mg/day with the aim to treat for 28 days. Read More

Eur J Cancer 2019 Jan 12;108:61-68. Epub 2019 Jan 12.

The Ella Lemelbaum Institute for Immuno-Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-HaShomer, Israel; Department of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel. Electronic address:

Immunotherapy with anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) agents is an effective treatment for metastatic melanoma. Recent data hint at better response to therapy for patients over age 65 years. Patients with metastatic melanoma in their 80's and 90's pose a clinical challenge. Read More

Eur J Cancer 2019 Jan 12;108:50-54. Epub 2019 Jan 12.

Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPM-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany.

Combinations of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with radiotherapy and/or chemoradiotherapy are currently under investigation in many cancer types and clinical settings. In this survey, we solicited members of the German Radiation Oncology Society and young DEGRO (working group of DEGRO e.V. Read More

J Food Drug Anal 2019 Jan 16;27(1):60-70. Epub 2018 Aug 16.

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India. Electronic address:

Babchi essential oil (BEO) is a valuable essential oil reported to possess a variety of biological activities such as antitumor, anti inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antifungal and antibacterial properties. Due to its anti-microbial properties, this oil possesses an immense potential for the treatment of dermatological disorders. Further, it has minimal tendency to develop resistance, a common issue with most of the antibiotics. Read More

J Food Drug Anal 2019 Jan 28;27(1):259-265. Epub 2018 Sep 28.

Department of Biochemistry, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Dragon blood has been used in wound treatment for many years and can be obtained from several distinct plant species. Dracorhodin, the active substituent of dragon blood, is a characteristic compound of the palm tree, Daemonorops draco. At present, the only method to evaluate the quality of commercial dragon blood samples is a HPLC method which determines the amount of dracorhodin in a dragon blood sample. Read More

Mini Rev Med Chem 2019 Jan 12. Epub 2019 Jan 12.

Tricomed SA, ul. Swietojanska 5/9, 93-493 Lodz. Poland.

Derived from chitin, chitosan a natural polycationic linear polysaccharide is the second the most abundant polymer next to cellulose. The main obstacle in the wide use of chitosan is its almost complete lack of solubility in water and alkaline solutions. To break this obstacles the structure of chitosan is subjected to modification, improving its physic-chemical properties and facilitating application as components of composites or hydrogels. Read More

Curr Drug Targets 2019 Jan 12. Epub 2019 Jan 12.

Molecular Medicine Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 69th Pasteur Avenue, Kargar Street, Tehran. Iran.

Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are pleiotropic molecules exerting autocrine, intracrine and paracrine functions via activating four tyrosine kinase FGF receptors (FGFR), which further trigger a variety of cellular processes including angiogenesis, evasion from apaoptosis, bone formation, embryogenesis, wound repair and homeostasis. Four major mechanisms including angiogenesis, inflammation, cell proliferation, and metastasis are active in FGF/FGFR-driven tumors. Furthermore, gain-of-function or loss-of-function in FGFRs1-4 which is due to amplifications, fusions, and mutations, changes in tumor-stromal cells interactions, associates with the development and progression of cancer. Read More

Curr Pharm Des 2019 Jan 12. Epub 2019 Jan 12.

CBIOS - Research Centre for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa. Portugal.

Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Chemotherapeutic agents currently used in cancer treatment are associated with severe side effects and development of resistance. Thus, there is a pressing need for novel and more potent anticancer drugs with high selectivity for tumor cells and reduced toxicity to normal tissue. Read More

Stat Methods Med Res 2019 Jan 16:962280218820040. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

2 Statistical Methodology and Consulting, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland.

Before a first-in-man trial is conducted, preclinical studies are performed in animals to help characterise the safety profile of the new medicine. We propose a robust Bayesian hierarchical model to synthesise animal and human toxicity data, using scaling factors to translate doses administered to different animal species onto an equivalent human scale. After scaling doses, the parameters of dose-toxicity models intrinsic to different animal species can be interpreted on a common scale. Read More

Int J Phytoremediation 2019 Jan 16:1-8. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

b Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , George Mason University , Fairfax , VA , USA.

Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs) are toxic contaminants produced by biotic or abiotic transformation of PCBs. In this study, we have tested the toxicity of 2,5-dichlorobiphenyl (2,5-DCB) and three of its OH-derivatives, 2'-OH-, 3'-OH-, and 4'-OH-2,5-DCB toward the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana. Toxicity tests showed that the parent 2,5-DCB (5 mg L) had little effect on the plants, while all three OH-metabolites (5 mg L) exhibited a significant toxicity, with 4'-OH-2,5-DCB being the most potent (inhibition concentration 50%-IC in germination tests = 9. Read More

Int J Phytoremediation 2019 Jan 16:1-8. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

b Faculty of Civil Engineering and Earth Resources , University Malaysia Pahang (UMP) , Gambang , Malaysia.

To assess the tolerance, the rye-grass L. grown on soil amended with petroleum wastewater (PWW) containing four metals lead, zinc, nickel and mercury. The PWW (25 to 50%) showed remarkable increase in length and biomass. Read More

Mol Microbiol 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Bacterial Cell Biology& Physiology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science park 904, 1098, XH, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Fluorescent proteins (FP)s are of vital importance to biomedical research. Many of the currently available fluorescent proteins do not fluoresce when expressed in non-native environments, such as the bacterial periplasm. This strongly limits the options for applications that employ multiple FPs, such as multiplex imaging or FRET. Read More

Environ Monit Assess 2019 Jan 15;191(2):76. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Division of Environmental Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Shalimar, Kashmir, 190025, India.

Blood lead toxicity has been prominently related to vehicular emissions. The lead is a carcinogenic metal systematically damages bones and central nervous system. The present investigation is focused on likely impacts of environmental and socioeconomic factors on the concentration of blood lead levels in children. Read More

ACS Cent Sci 2018 Dec 12;4(12):1624-1632. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Shasqi Inc., 665 Third Street, San Francisco, California 94107, United States.

Systemic administration of antibiotics can cause severe side-effects such as liver and kidney toxicity, destruction of healthy gut bacteria, as well as multidrug resistance. Here, we present a bio-orthogonal chemistry-based strategy toward local prodrug concentration and activation. The strategy is based on the inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder chemistry between -cyclooctene and tetrazine and involves a biomaterial that can concentrate and activate multiple doses of systemic antibiotic therapy prodrugs at a local site. Read More

Cureus 2018 Nov 1;10(11):e3534. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

Pulmonology and Critical Care, Abington Hospital - Jefferson Health, Abington, USA.

Patients admitted with the presumed coingestion of beta-blockers (BBs) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) should be initially managed in accordance with standardized resuscitation protocols (the airway, breathing, and circulation (ABC) approach). Additionally, more specific interventions should be promptly attempted. Intravenous glucagon and calcium salts have long been used in the treatment of BB and CCB toxicities. Read More

Cureus 2018 Oct 29;10(10):e3516. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Radiation Oncology, Geisinger / Holy Spirit, Mechanicsburg, USA.

The use of postoperative radiation therapy after breast-conserving surgery was longstanding standard practice. The treatment protocol used a standard fractionation of 50 Gy in 25 fractions plus a boost. Recently, the hypofractionation approach has gained support based on Canadian and English studies that claimed equal tumor control and similar toxicity to the standard protocol. Read More

Cureus 2018 Oct 22;10(10):e3471. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Radiation Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, NLD.

High-dose reirradiation of the thorax can be offered to patients with only local disease progression of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) resulting in promising disease-free-survival. However, much is still unknown about related side-effects and occasionally an uncommon presentation can be caused by reirradiation. In this case report, we present a patient with a 3. Read More

Oncotarget 2018 Dec 14;9(98):37200-37215. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Division of Biotechnology Review and Research I, Office of Biotechnology Products, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD, USA.

Off-target toxicity is a major cause of dose-limiting toxicity for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), mechanisms of which remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that cytoskeleton-associated protein 5 (CKAP5) serves as a cell surface target for T-DM1 and that binding of T-DM1 to CKAP5 is mediated by payload (DM1). This study introduces a novel molecular mechanism of ADC payload-mediated interaction with cell surface molecules to induce cytotoxicity. Read More

Oxid Med Cell Longev 2018 13;2018:9176012. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2018/4285694.]. Read More

Oxid Med Cell Longev 2018 17;2018:6276438. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Oxid Med Cell Longev 2018 29;2018:6124745. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Human Anatomy, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, Pisa 56126, Italy.

Methamphetamine (METH) is abused worldwide, and it represents a threat for public health. METH exposure induces a variety of detrimental effects. In fact, METH produces a number of oxidative species, which lead to lipid peroxidation, protein misfolding, and nuclear damage. Read More

Oxid Med Cell Longev 2018 17;2018:4501097. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

College of Food Science and Agriculture, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

It is common for food to be made more palatable through the use of the flavour enhancer monosodium glutamate, also known as vetsin powder. The purpose of the study described in this paper was to explore how vetsin-induced hepatic toxicity, DNA fragmentation, damage, and oxidative stress modifications could be mitigated with moringa leaf extract (MLE). To that end, 40 male rats were separated into four groups: normal control, positive control or MLE, vetsin, and vetsin combined with MLE. Read More

Kardiochir Torakochirurgia Pol 2018 Dec 31;15(4):209-212. Epub 2018 Dec 31.

Department of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Muğla, Turkey.

Introduction: Methotrexate is a cytotoxic agent used in leukemia, and several other cancer types and at lower doses in auto-inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and psoriasis. Macrolide antibiotics are effective against gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. They have anti-inflammatory activities as well. Read More

Indian J Occup Environ Med 2018 Sep-Dec;22(3):128-137

Former Director, National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, India.

Lead is a heavy metal. It is used in lead-acid battery, as a coloring agent, paints, and metal alloyed as shielding materials, smelters, printing press, and so on. It is a toxic metal affecting various organs, and developing fetus and young children are more vulnerable to toxicity of lead. Read More

Blood Cancer J 2019 Jan 15;9(2). Epub 2019 Jan 15.

The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.

First-generation bromodomain extra-terminal protein (BETP) inhibitors (BETi) (e.g., OTX015) that disrupt binding of BETP BRD4 to chromatin transcriptionally attenuate AML-relevant progrowth and prosurvival oncoproteins. Read More