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Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2019 Mar 22:1-4. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

d Department of Emergency Medicine , Oregon Poison Center, Oregon Health and Science University , Portland , OR , USA.

Introduction: Salicylate toxicity is a common cause of morbidity and hospitalization. Animal and human studies suggest that salicylates cause a dose-dependent inhibition of the activation of factors 2, 7, 9, and 10. However, limited reports of coagulopathy or major bleeding from salicylate toxicity exist. Read More

MedEdPORTAL 2018 Aug 17;14:10741. Epub 2018 Aug 17.

Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center.

Introduction: Chronic salicylate toxicity is an uncommon, potentially life-threatening poisoning that requires high clinical suspicion in order to make the diagnosis. We created a simulation case that challenges learners to analyze case information, construct a differential diagnosis of an elevated anion gap metabolic acidosis with respiratory alkalosis, and initiate treatment for this toxicity.

Methods: The simulation case was designed for emergency medicine residents and pediatric emergency medicine fellows. Read More

MedEdPORTAL 2018 Feb 12;14:10678. Epub 2018 Feb 12.

Clinician, Department of Emergency Medicine, UP Health System-Marquette.

Introduction: Salicylate poisoning is a serious toxicologic problem with a complex pathophysiology that requires prompt diagnosis and action for a favorable outcome. A simulated experience in the evaluation and management of an aspirin-overdose patient allows learners to construct a differential diagnosis from an array of symptoms and signs, analyze a mixed acid-base disturbance, and explore the multistep management of this disorder.

Methods: This simulation exercise was designed for second-year medical students. Read More

J Inorg Biochem 2019 Apr 25;193:112-123. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Dongguan Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Formulation Technology, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China. Electronic address:

Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), a major component of the thioredoxin system, makes a critical role in regulating cellular redox signaling and is found to be overexpressed in many human cancer cells. TrxR has become an attractive target for anticancer agents. In this work, three Ru(II) complexes with salicylate as ligand, [Ru(phen)(SA)] (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, SA = salicylate, 1), [Ru(dmb)(SA)] (dmb = 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine, 2) and [Ru(bpy)(SA)] (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, 3), were synthesized and characterized. Read More

Adv Emerg Nurs J 2019 Jan/Mar;41(1):76-85

Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.

Salicylates are among the oldest and most widely used medication to date and are utilized for a variety of purposes including the management of fever, inflammation, pain, and cardiovascular prophylaxis. Reports from U.S. Read More

Prostate 2019 Apr 4;79(5):489-497. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Background: Radiotherapy (RT) is a key therapeutic modality for prostate cancer (PrCa), but RT resistance necessitates dose-escalation, often causing bladder and rectal toxicity. Aspirin, a prodrug of salicylate (SAL), has been associated with improved RT response in clinical PrCa cases, but the potential mechanism mediating this effect is unknown. SAL activates the metabolic stress sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which inhibits de novo lipogenesis, and protein synthesis via inhibition of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase (ACC), and the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR), respectively. Read More

Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2018 Nov 29. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.

Thoracolumbar supernumerary ribs (TSRs) are classified as less severe skeletal anomalies in rat developmental toxicity studies, although their incidence is relatively high in rodent studies. To investigate the characteristics of the critical window for chemically-induced TSR, in this study, rats were administered 5-fluorocytocine (5-FC) or sodium salicylate (SAL) at one of three time periods on gestational day (GD) 9, early morning (7:00 am), midday (12:00 pm to 1:00 pm), or late afternoon (4:00 pm or 7:00 pm). The incidence of TSR and other anomalies were assessed in GD20 fetuses. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 Mar 26;169:645-653. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China. Electronic address:

Previous studies have demonstrated that the genetic modification of basal salicylic acid (SA) level changed Arabidopsis plant response to cadmium (Cd) stress, but the mechanisms remain evaluated. In this study, Arabidopsis wild type (WT) and its SA-reducing transgenic line nahG (naphthalene hydroxylase G), SA-accumulating mutant snc1 (suppressor of nonexpressor of PR gene, constitutive 1) were exposed to 50 μM Cd for 48 h or 7 d (just for assessing plant growth). The Cd treatment increased the expression levels of SA biosynthesis-related genes leading to enhanced SA accumulations in plant leaves, which was further confirmed by the expression patterns of SA marker genes. Read More

Int J Biol Macromol 2019 Feb 13;123:389-397. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., P. O. Box 19396-4716, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:

Oral delivery most commonly used due to the non-invasive nature and the fact that avoids patient pain and discomfort in compression with the intravenous administration. Herein, the obtained graphene quantum dots (GQDs) from citric acid were employed as a cross-linker for chitosan (CS). Sodium salicylate (SS) as a model drug was loaded in the prepared graphene quantum dots-crosslinked chitosan hybrid bio-nanocomposite beads (CS-GQD). Read More

Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2018 Dec 22;100:105-117. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Division of Risk Assessment, Center for Biological Safety and Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan. Electronic address:

Benzyl salicylate is used as a fragrance ingredient and an ultraviolet light absorber, but its toxicity is unknown. Therefore, toxicity tests and hazard classification were conducted for screening assessment under the Japanese Chemical Substances Control Law. Benzyl salicylate was found to be non-genotoxic in vitro based on the chromosomal aberration test using Chinese hamster lung cells. Read More

Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2019 Feb 11;57(2):137-140. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

a Oregon Poison Center , Portland , OR , USA.

Background: Salicylates are usually rapidly absorbed and quickly measurable in serum. An undetectable serum salicylate concentration ([ASA]) may occur early after ingestion and may be interpreted as evidence of non-exposure and not repeated. Although cases of delayed salicylate detection are reported rarely, the risk factors associated with this phenomenon are not known. Read More

Physiol Plant 2019 Feb 25;165(2):209-218. Epub 2018 Sep 25.

Plant Physiology Laboratory, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.

Metal defence against insect herbivory in hyperaccumulator plants is well documented. However, there are contradictory results regarding protection against snails. According to the joint effects hypothesis, inorganic and organic defences cooperate in plant protection. Read More

J Med Toxicol 2018 Dec 26;14(4):323-326. Epub 2018 Jul 26.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Carolinas Poison Center, Charlotte, NC, USA.

Introduction: 2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP) is a known uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation that clinically leads to hyperthermia, tachycardia, tachypnea, and metabolic acidosis. Intentional overdoses of DNP are often fatal. We present an analytically confirmed fatal case of DNP overdose with a falsely positive elevated salicylate concentration. Read More

J Am Chem Soc 2018 Aug 20;140(30):9581-9586. Epub 2018 Jul 20.

Institut Lavoisier, CNRS UMR 8180, UVSQ , Université Paris-Saclay , 45 Av. Des Etats Unis , Versailles 78035 Cedex , France.

Poisoning and accidental oral intoxication are major health problems worldwide. Considering the insufficient efficacy of the currently available detoxification treatments, a pioneering oral detoxifying adsorbent agent based on a single biocompatible metal-organic framework (MOF) is here proposed for the efficient decontamination of drugs commonly implicated in accidental or voluntary poisoning. Furthermore, the in vivo toxicity and biodistribution of a MOF via oral administration have been investigated for the first time. Read More

Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem 2018 Jul 18;74(Pt 7):839-846. Epub 2018 Jun 18.

Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Biomolecular Architecture, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven (Heverlee), B-3001, Belgium.

The syntheses of nine new 5-iodosalicylic acid-based 1,3,4-oxadiazoline derivatives starting from methyl salicylate are described. These compounds are 2-[4-acetyl-5-methyl-5-(3-nitrophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-4-iodophenyl acetate (6a), 2-[4-acetyl-5-methyl-5-(4-nitrophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-4-iodophenyl acetate (6b), 2-(4-acetyl-5-methyl-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-4-iodophenyl acetate, CHINO (6c), 2-[4-acetyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-4-iodophenyl acetate, CHFINO (6d), 2-[4-acetyl-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-4-iodophenyl acetate, CHClINO (6e), 2-[4-acetyl-5-(3-bromophenyl)-5-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-4-iodophenyl acetate (6f), 2-[4-acetyl-5-(4-bromophenyl)-5-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-4-iodophenyl acetate (6g), 2-[4-acetyl-5-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-4-iodophenyl acetate (6h) and 2-[5-(4-acetamidophenyl)-4-acetyl-5-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-4-iodophenyl acetate (6i). The compounds were characterized by mass, H NMR and C NMR spectroscopies. Read More

Am J Perinatol 2019 Jan 26;36(2):136-140. Epub 2018 Jun 26.

Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University and Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.

Here, we review the case of a 26 1/7 weeks' gestation premature female infant born to a mother who intentionally ingested a large quantity of Tylenol, aspirin, quetiapine, and prenatal vitamins. The neonate subsequently had markedly elevated levels of both Tylenol and aspirin when checked on the first day of life. While overall clinically stable, the neonate did demonstrate coagulopathy as evidenced by abnormal coagulation studies. Read More

J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018 Dec 16;50:580-588. Epub 2018 Apr 16.

Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042 Monserrato-Cagliari, Italy.

This paper presents an easy, fast and economic synthesis of chelating agents for medical, environmental and analytical applications, and the evaluation of the stability of their complexes with Fe and Al. Complex formation equilibria with Cu and Zn metal ions were also studied to evaluate if the chelating agents can perturb the homeostatic equilibria of these essential metal ions. Effective chelating agents for metal ions, in addition to their well-known medical uses, find an increasing number of applications in environmental remediation, agricultural applications (supplying essential elements in an easily available form), and in analytical chemistry as colorimetric reagents. Read More

J Endod 2018 May 15;44(5):849-852. Epub 2018 Mar 15.

Department of Dental Tissues Pathology and Therapeutics (Basic Dental Sciences, Endodontology and Operative Dentistry), School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Introduction: Resin sealers with biocompatible and bioactive additives have been used in clinical practice. Recently, a calcium silicate root canal sealer was introduced under the name BioRoot RCS (Septodont, Saint Maur-des-Fossés, France). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of BioRoot RCS on cell survival and proliferation of cultured cells in parallel with an epoxy resin sealer with calcium phosphate and calcium oxide and a salicylate resin sealer with mineral trioxide aggregate filler. Read More

J Paediatr Child Health 2018 May 28;54(5):576-578. Epub 2018 Feb 28.

Department of General Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Pestic Biochem Physiol 2018 Feb 11;145:29-38. Epub 2018 Jan 11.

Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Bradysia procera is a serious insect pest of Panax ginseng plants. This study was conducted to determine the toxicity and mechanism of action of three phenylpropanoids, three terpenoids, and a ketone from Syzygium aromaticum bud methanol extract and hydrodistillate against third-instar larvae and eggs of B. procera. Read More

Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2018 Sep 12;56(9):846-851. Epub 2018 Feb 12.

b Children's Hospital of Michigan Regional Poison Center , Detroit , MI , USA.

Background/objectives: The threshold salicylate concentration commonly recommended to initiate extracorporeal elimination, in the absence of significant end-organ toxicity, is 100 mg/dL. Unfortunately, the grade of evidence to support this decision is low. Our primary aim is to describe highest reported salicylate concentrations in patients who died from acute salicylate ingestions. Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018 Feb 25;25(4):3840-3848. Epub 2017 Nov 25.

Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ecologia, Instituto de Botânica, Av. Miguel Stefano 3687, Água Funda, São Paulo, SP, 04301-902, Brazil.

The emission profile of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitric oxide (NO) in young and mature leaves of Croton floribundus was assessed in plants exposed to filtered air (FA) and ozone-enriched filtered air (FA+O). After the period of exposure, leaves were enclosed in polyethylene terephthalate bags and VOCs were collected in young and mature leaves. Both young and mature leaves constitutively emitted the same VOC, but the concentrations were higher in young leaves. Read More

Nephron 2018 9;138(3):186-191. Epub 2017 Nov 9.

Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Background: Acute metabolic acidosis is rarely associated with a reduced or negative anion gap (AG), but several case reports have described such an abnormality occurring in the setting of acute salicylate intoxication. The underlying cause of this phenomenon is unclear.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we reviewed our institutional database to identify all patients admitted for salicylate intoxication at Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN, USA) from January 2010 through December 2012. Read More

J Appl Toxicol 2018 Jan 9;38(1):113-121. Epub 2017 Oct 9.

Chemical and Environmental Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemicals and Environmental Hazards (CRCE), Public Health England, Chilton, OX11 0RQ, UK.

Incidents involving the release of chemical agents can pose significant risks to public health. In such an event, emergency decontamination of affected casualties may need to be undertaken to reduce injury and possible loss of life. To ensure these methods are effective, human volunteer trials (HVTs) of decontamination protocols, using simulant contaminants, have been conducted. Read More

Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2018 02 4;45(2):117-121. Epub 2017 Dec 4.

Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

In the paediatric population, there is some evidence of possible interaction, synergism, and co-toxicity of aspirin and acetaminophen. The toxicity of salicylates such as aspirin in this population is well known and documented, specifically in the form of Reye syndrome. The possible toxic synergism with aspirin and acetaminophen, however, is not previously described; though case reports suggest such co-toxicities with low levels of aspirin and other compounds can exist. Read More

Int J Nephrol 2017 8;2017:7831358. Epub 2017 Aug 8.

Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA.

Adverse reactions to commonly prescribed medications and to substances of abuse may result in severe toxicity associated with increased morbidity and mortality. According to the Center for Disease Control, in 2013, at least 2113 human fatalities attributed to poisonings occurred in the United States of America. In this article, we review the data regarding the impact of systemic sodium bicarbonate administration in the management of certain poisonings including sodium channel blocker toxicities, salicylate overdose, and ingestion of some toxic alcohols and in various pharmacological toxicities. Read More

Medicines (Basel) 2017 Jun 30;4(3). Epub 2017 Jun 30.

School of Engineering, Ulster University, Jordanstown, Northern Ireland BT37 0QB, UK.

The pain relief capabilities of methyl salicylate are well established and a multitude of over-the-counter products populate pharmacy shelves. Over-application of the topical preparation containing the drug, or its accidental ingestion, invariably result in salicylate poisoning and in severe cases can be fatal. The drug has been a regular feature of the US National Poison Database Survey over the past decade and continues to pose a risk to children and adults alike. Read More

Toxicol Lett 2017 Oct 18;280:133-141. Epub 2017 Aug 18.

Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Toray Industries Inc., 10-1, Tebiro 6-chome, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 248-8555, Japan. Electronic address:

The murine local lymph node assay (LLNA) is widely used to test chemicals to induce skin sensitization. Exposure of mouse auricle skin to a sensitizer results in proliferation of local lymph node T cells, which has been measured by in vivo incorporation of H-methyl thymidine or 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU). The stimulation index (SI), the ratio of the mean proliferation in each treated group to that in the concurrent vehicle control group, is frequently used as a regulatory-authorized endpoint for LLNA. Read More

Sheng Li Xue Bao 2017 Jun;69(3):285-290

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.

The aim of the present study was to observe whether dopamine receptor (DR) was involved in the effects of sodium salicylate (SS) on the expressions of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors in rat cochlear spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs). Forty-eight hours after primary culture of rat SGNs, immunofluorescence technique was applied to detect expressions of DR1 and DR2, the two subtypes of dopamine receptors. Western blot was performed to assess NMDA receptor NR1 subunit and GABA receptor subunit α2 (GABRα2) protein expressions in the SGNs after the treatments of SS alone or in combination with DR antagonists. Read More

Curr Pharm Des 2017 ;23(44):6841-6848

Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Parana, Brazil.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most commonly used medications in inflammatory illnesses. However, the gastrointestinal bleeding and toxicity associated with NSAIDs long term use prompted the quest towards investigations for new anti-inflammatory agents. Natural and natural-derived molecules proved its anti-inflammatory efficacy in vitro as well as in vivo. Read More

Antioxid Redox Signal 2017 Dec 28;27(17):1383-1396. Epub 2017 Jun 28.

1 Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Research & Development Service , Little Rock, Arkansas.

Aims: Many progressive neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Huntington's disease, and Parkinson's disease (PD), are characterized by accumulation of insoluble protein aggregates. In prospective trials, the cyclooxygenase inhibitor aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) reduced the risk of AD and PD, as well as cardiovascular events and many late-onset cancers. Considering the role played by protein hyperphosphorylation in aggregation and neurodegenerative diseases, and aspirin's known ability to donate acetyl groups, we asked whether aspirin might reduce both phosphorylation and aggregation by acetylating protein targets. Read More

Case Rep Crit Care 2017 29;2017:6835471. Epub 2017 Mar 29.

Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

Salicylates are common substances for deliberate self-harm. Acute salicylate toxicity is classically associated with an initial respiratory alkalosis, followed by an anion gap metabolic acidosis. The respiratory alkalosis is achieved through hyperventilation, driven by direct stimulation on the respiratory centers in the medulla and considered as a compensatory mechanism to avoid acidemia. Read More

Am J Emerg Med 2017 Jun 10;35(6):899-903. Epub 2017 Apr 10.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Cook County Hospital, Chicago, IL 60612, United States; Toxikon Consortium, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.

Introduction: Salicylate poisonings are common due to their multiple uses and wide availability. The variation of presenting symptoms contributes to inconsistent treatments in the emergency department. Patients with severe salicylate overdose require a high minute ventilation. Read More

PLoS One 2017 6;12(4):e0175236. Epub 2017 Apr 6.

Washington University School of Medicine Department of Otolaryngology Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America.

2-Hydroxypropyl-Beta-Cyclodextrin (HPβCD) can be used to treat Niemann-Pick type C disease, Alzheimer's disease, and atherosclerosis. But, a consequence is that HPβCD can cause hearing loss. HPβCD was recently found to be toxic to outer hair cells (OHCs) in the organ of Corti. Read More

Bioorg Med Chem 2017 05 14;25(9):2601-2608. Epub 2017 Mar 14.

Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan. Electronic address:

Pendred syndrome is the most common form of syndromic deafness. It is associated with a mutation in the SLC26A4 gene that encodes pendrin, which is thought to maintain the ion concentration of endolymph in the inner ear most likely by acting as a chloride/bicarbonate transporter. Mutations in the SLC26A4 gene are responsible for sensorineural hearing loss. Read More

J Toxicol Sci 2017 ;42(2):129-136

Department of Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Desease Control and Prevention, China.

We developed a modified local lymph node assay based on ATP (LLNA:DA), termed the Two-Stage LLNA:DA, to further reduce the animal numbers in the identification of sensitizers. In the Two-Stage LLNA:DA procedure, 13 chemicals ranging from non-sensitizers to extreme sensitizers were selected. The first stage used reduced LLNA:DA (rLLNA:DA) to screen out sensitive chemicals. Read More

Food Funct 2017 Mar;8(3):1204-1214

Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.

This research aims to determine whether quercetin has protective effects against the toxicity of acrylamide (AA) using metabonomic technology. Randomly, the rats were assigned into a control group, AA treatment group, quercetin treatment group and quercetin plus AA treatment group. Quercetin and AA were administered to rats daily via gavage and drinking water for 16 weeks, respectively. Read More

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017 May 9;15(5):776-779. Epub 2017 Feb 9.

Department of Transplantation, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California.

Background & Aims: Acute liver failure after ingestion of toxic mushrooms is a significant medical problem. Most exposures to toxic mushrooms produce no symptoms or only mild gastroenteritis, but some lead to severe hepatic necrosis and fulminant hepatic failure requiring liver transplantation. We aimed to assess mortality from mushroom poisoning and identify variables associated with survival and liver transplantation. Read More

Toxicol Lett 2017 Apr 9;271:1-11. Epub 2017 Feb 9.

Laboratory of Toxicology, DiSFeB, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. Electronic address:

No standardized in vitro methods to assess potency of skin sensitizers are available. Recently, we standardized a procedure which combines the epidermal equivalent potency assay with assessment of IL-18 to provide a single test for identification and classification of skin sensitizers. This current study aimed to extend tested chemicals, and to provide a simple in vitro method for estimation of the expected sensitization induction level interpolating in vitro EC50 and IL-18 SI2 values to predict LLNA EC3 and/or human NOEL from standards curves generated using reference contact allergens. Read More

South Med J 2017 02;110(2):138-141

From the Lipscomb University College of Pharmacy, the Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and the Division of Allergy/Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley, Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center (GRECC), Nashville, Tennessee.

Objectives: A 30-year-old patient presented with hallucinations and profound shock. He was initially misdiagnosed as having severe sepsis; once ingestions were considered, he was diagnosed as potentially having arsenic toxicity.

Summary: The clinical story reveals many instructional lessons that could aid in the evaluation and management of future patients. Read More

PLoS One 2017 2;12(2):e0170966. Epub 2017 Feb 2.

Research Centre for Topical Drug Delivery and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom.

The UK's Initial Operational Response (IOR) is a revised process for the medical management of mass casualties potentially contaminated with hazardous materials. A critical element of the IOR is the introduction of immediate, on-scene disrobing and decontamination of casualties to limit the adverse health effects of exposure. Ad hoc cleansing of the skin with dry absorbent materials has previously been identified as a potential means of facilitating emergency decontamination. Read More

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017 Feb 7;9(7):5709-5716. Epub 2017 Feb 7.

Department of Chemistry MS-60, Rice University , P.O. Box 1892, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been used for a plethora of biomedical applications, including their use as delivery vehicles for drugs, imaging agents, proteins, DNA, and other materials. Here, we describe the synthesis and characterization of a new CNT-based contrast agent (CA) for X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging. The CA is a hybrid material derived from ultrashort single-walled carbon nanotubes (20-80 nm long, US-tubes) and Bi(III) oxo-salicylate clusters with four Bi(III) ions per cluster (BiC). Read More

Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2017 Mar 9;55(3):175-180. Epub 2017 Jan 9.

c Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA.

Context: Salicylate poisoning remains a significant public health threat with more than 20,000 exposures reported annually in the United States.

Objective: We aimed to establish early predictors of severe in-hospital outcomes in Emergency Department patients presenting with acute salicylate poisoning.

Methods: This was a secondary data analysis of adult salicylate overdoses from a prospective cohort study of acute drug overdoses at two urban university teaching hospitals from 2009 to 2013. Read More

BMC Complement Altern Med 2017 Jan 5;17(1):10. Epub 2017 Jan 5.

Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan.

Background: Viola canescens Wall. ex. Roxb. Read More

Int J Nephrol 2016 30;2016:3047329. Epub 2016 Nov 30.

Division of Nephrology, Bone and Mineral Metabolism, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA.

Pharmacologic toxicities are common and range from mild to life-threatening. The aim of this study is to review and update the data on the role of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in the management of various pharmacologic poisonings. We aim to provide a focused review on the role of RRT in the management of pharmacological toxicities. Read More

Eur J Neurosci 2017 02 28;45(3):398-409. Epub 2016 Nov 28.

MRC Institute of Hearing Research, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.

Tinnitus chronically affects between 10-15% of the population but, despite its prevalence, the underlying mechanisms are still not properly understood. One experimental model involves administration of high doses of sodium salicylate, as this is known to reliably induce tinnitus in both humans and animals. Guinea pigs were implanted with chronic electrocorticography (ECoG) electrode arrays, with silver-ball electrodes placed on the dura over left and right auditory cortex. Read More

Clin Lab Med 2016 Dec;36(4):761-776

Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4201 St. Antoine, 6F UHC, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. Electronic address:

About 75% of patients present to the emergency department with a complaint of pain. There are multiple prescribed and over-the-counter medications that are available for the treatment of pain. Acetaminophen, opioids, and aspirin are commonly used agents that are available as single agents or in combination with other medications. Read More

Crit Rev Toxicol 2017 Feb 11;47(2):98-120. Epub 2016 Nov 11.

a Environment and Health Division, Ramboll Environ , Monroe , LA , USA.

Methyl salicylate is the predominant constituent of oil of wintergreen and is used as a pesticide, a denaturant, an external analgesic, a fragrance ingredient, and a flavoring agent in products such as chewing gum, baked goods, syrups, candy, beverages, ice cream, and tobacco products; and it occurs naturally in some vegetables and berries. Methyl salicylate is of interest to the tobacco industry as oil of wintergreen is used as a flavorant in tobacco products. The purpose of this investigation was to conduct a critical review of the available literature for oral exposure to methyl salicylate, incorporating an analysis of the quality of the studies available and the current understanding of the mode of action. Read More

Pediatr Emerg Care 2017 Nov;33(11):e126-e127

From the *Oregon Health and Science University Department of Emergency Medicine; and †Oregon Poison Center, Portland, OR.

We report the case of a 17-year-old girl with a 126-mg/kg nonenteric coated aspirin ingestion with nontoxic salicylate concentrations at 1.5 and 3.9 hours postingestion, who developed tinnitus and vomiting an estimated 8 hours postingestion, and who was subsequently found to have a toxic salicylate concentration at 22. Read More