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J Adv Res 2022 Jul 20;39:237-255. Epub 2021 Nov 20.

Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent type of cancer for incidence and second for mortality worldwide. Late diagnosis and inconvenient and expensive current diagnostic tools largely contribute to the progress of the disease. The use of chemotherapy in the management of CRC significantly reduces tumor growth, metastasis, and morbidity rates. Read More

J Adv Res 2022 Jul 2;39:1-13. Epub 2021 Nov 2.

Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610000, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Science of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China. Electronic address:

Introduction: Biofungicides with low toxicity and high efficiency are a global priority for sustainable agricultural development. Phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) is an ancient medicine against various diseases in humans and activates the immune system in plants, but little is known of its function as a biofungicide.

Objectives: Here, Fusarium oxysporum, the causal agent of devastating Fusarium wilt and immunodepressed patients, was used as a model system to explore whether SA can enter the pathogen cells and suppress key targets of the pathogen. Read More

Int Rev Cell Mol Biol 2022 31;369:89-106. Epub 2022 May 31.

Pieris Pharmaceuticals GmbH, Hallbergmoos, Germany. Electronic address:

Anticalin proteins are a novel class of clinical-stage biopharmaceuticals with high potential in various disease areas. Anticalin proteins, derived from extracellular human lipocalins are single-chain proteins, with a highly stable structure that can be engineered to bind with high specificity and potency to targets of therapeutic relevance. The small size and stable structure support their development as inhalable biologics in the field of respiratory diseases as already demonstrated for PRS-060/AZD1402, an Anticalin protein currently undergoing clinical development for the treatment of asthma. Read More

Int Rev Cell Mol Biol 2022 30;369:107-141. Epub 2022 May 30.

Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain. Electronic address:

Cytokines are pleiotropic soluble proteins used by immune cells to orchestrate a coordinated response against pathogens and malignancies. In cancer immunotherapy, cytokine-based drugs can be developed potentiating pro-inflammatory cytokines or blocking immunosuppressive cytokines. However, the complexity of the mechanisms of action of cytokines requires the use of biotechnological strategies to minimize systemic toxicity, while potentiating the antitumor response. Read More

Food Chem Toxicol 2022 Jun 28:113263. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China. Electronic address:

Fumonisin B (FB) contamination in feed is of great concern nowadays. The intestine would be the first line when FB-contaminated food or feed was ingested. However, the intestinal toxicity and mechanism of FB have rarely been studied. Read More

Food Chem Toxicol 2022 Jun 28:113260. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Department of Pharmaceutics, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India. Electronic address:

Preclinical safety and proof of concept studies for a topical ointment comprising of concentrated tetrahydrocurcumin loaded lipidic nanoparticles (THC-LNs) and tacrolimus ointment (TTO) is proposed in the present investigation. The skin irritation potential and acute dermal toxicity were performed in rats in compliance with the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines (402, 404 and 410) while the cytotoxic potential was performed in HaCaT cells. Finally, in vivo evaluation was performed in Imiquimod mice model of psoriasis. Read More

Ann Oncol 2022 Jun 28. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address:

Background: Oral targeted therapies show a high pharmacokinetic interpatient variability. Even though exposure has been positively correlated with efficacy for many of these drugs, these are still dosed using a one-size-fits-all approach. Consequently, individuals have a high probability to be either underexposed or overexposed, potentially leading to suboptimal outcomes. Read More

Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022 Jun 28:166475. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Centro de Tecnologia, Cidade Universitária, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Rede de Micrologia RJ-FAPERJ, Brazil. Electronic address:

The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induces oxidative stress, a well-known process associated with aging and several human pathologies, such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. A large number of synthetic compounds have been described as antioxidant enzyme mimics, capable of eliminating ROS and/or reducing oxidative damage. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant activity of a water-soluble 1,10-phenantroline-octanediaoate Mn-complex on cells under oxidative stress, and assessed its capacity to attenuate alpha-synuclein (aSyn) toxicity and aggregation, a process associated with increased oxidative stress. Read More

Magn Reson Imaging 2022 Jun 28. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Department of Radiology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Xiaoheyan road 44#, Shenyang Liaoning 110042, China. Electronic address:

Background: Hematologic toxicity (HT) during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for cervical cancer can lead to treatment breaks and compromise efficacy.

Purpose: To evaluate the association between severe hematologic toxicity (HT) and clinical factors and pelvic apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) during CCRT of cervical cancer patients.

Methods: Data from 120 patients with cervical cancer who were treated with CCRT from January 2016 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Read More

Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022 Jun 28:114403. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, Qld 4072, Australia.

Nanoparticles (NP) are attractive options for the therapeutic delivery of active pharmaceutical drugs, proteins and nucleic acids into cells, tissues and organs. Research into the development and application of NP most often starts with a diverse group of scientists, including chemists, bioengineers and material and pharmaceutical scientists, who design, fabricate and characterize NP in vitro (Stage 1). The next step (Stage 2) generally investigates cell toxicity as well as the processes by which NP bind, are internalized and deliver their cargo to appropriate model tissue culture cells. Read More

Biochim Biophys Acta Proteins Proteom 2022 Jun 28:140816. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Graduate School of Environment and Life Science, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, kita-kku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.

Senile plaques that is characterized as an amyloid deposition found in Alzheimer's disease are composed primarily of fibrils of an aggregated peptide, amyloid β (Aβ). The ability to monitor senile plaque formation on a neuronal membrane under physiological conditions provides an attractive model. In this study, the growth behavior of amyloid Aβ fibrils in the presence of liposomes incorporating β-cholesteryl-D-glucoside (β-CG) was examined using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, transmittance electron microscopy, and other spectroscopic methods. Read More

Environ Pollut 2022 Jun 28:119687. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang, Viet Nam; Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA. Electronic address:

To examine the potential role of acetate in conferring cadmium (Cd) stress tolerance in lentil (Lens culinaris), several phenotypical and physio-biochemical properties have been examined in Cd-stressed lentil seedlings following acetate applications. Acetate treatment inhibited the translocation of Cd from roots to shoots, which resulted in a minimal reduction in photosynthetic pigment contents. Additionally, acetate-treated lentil showed significantly higher shoot (1. Read More

Toxicol In Vitro 2022 Jun 28:105427. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Drug Theoretics and Cheminformatics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India. Electronic address:

Chemicals used in our daily life show different toxic effects to the aquatic and terrestrial species and thus hamper the ecological balance. In the present time, amphibians are one of them, which are threatened to be extinct. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) is an useful tool for prediction involving less time, money and manpower without requiring any animal experiments to assess the unavailable acute toxicity data for the untested molecules. Read More

Chemosphere 2022 Jun 28:135498. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

The State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Nanjing, 210009, China.

Nanoplastics represented by nanopolystyrene (NPS) and its chemically modified derivatives are environmentally ecotoxicological hotpots in recent years, but their toxicity and underlying mechanisms have not been fully identified. Here we employed Caenorhabditis elegans as an animal model to systematically compare the toxicity between nanopolystyrene and its 4 chemically modified derivatives (PS-PEG, PS-COOH, PS-SOOOH and PS-NH) at predicted environmental concentrations. Our study demonstrated that compared with PS exposed group, PS-NH exposure (15 μg/L) caused a significant decline in lifespan by suppressed DAF-16/insulin signaling and shortened body length by inhibiting DBL-1/TGF β signaling. Read More

Chemosphere 2022 Jun 28:135546. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

School of Environmental Science and Engineering/ Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass Waste Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134, China.

Sorption is considered a cost-effective technique for cadmium (Cd) removal from water, while the exhausted Cd-enriched sorbent should be properly disposed of. In this study, pyrolysis of exhausted hydrochar sorbent was conducted at 300-900 °C, and the behavior of Cd and the physicochemical properties and environmental applications of the regenerated biochar were investigated. The vaporization of adsorbed Cd in hydrochar was greatly enhanced by elevating pyrolysis temperature, and almost no Cd was observed in the regenerated biochars obtained at 700-900 °C. Read More

Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022 Jun 28:116141. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.

Human health risk assessment is a function of chemical toxicity, bioavailability to reach target biological tissues, and potential environmental exposure. These factors are complicated by many physiological, biochemical, physical and lifestyle factors. Furthermore, chemical health risk assessment is challenging in view of the large, and continually increasing, number of chemicals found in the environment. Read More

Curr Opin Genet Dev 2022 Jun 28;75:101941. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address:

Yeast genetics made it possible to derive the first fundamental insights into prion composition, conformation, and propagation. Fast-forward 30 years and the same model organism is now proving an extremely powerful tool to comprehensively explore the impact of mutations in prion sequences on their function, toxicity, and physical properties. Here, we provide an overview of novel multiplexed strategies where deep mutagenesis is combined to a range of tailored selection assays in yeast, which are particularly amenable for investigating prions and prion-like sequences. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022 Jun 28;241:113822. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China. Electronic address:

Nonylphenol (NP) is an endocrine disruptor with reproductive toxicity, which can induce apoptosis of Sertoli cells (SCs). SCs have a high aerobic glycolytic flux to ensure sufficient lactate for germ cells as central energy metabolite, and hypoxia-inducible factors 1alpha (HIF-1α) is a major regulator of glycolysis. This study aimed to investigate whether NP can alter HIF-1α-regulated aerobic glycolysis metabolism and thus induce apoptosis in rat SCs. Read More

Water Res 2022 Jun 22;221:118788. Epub 2022 Jun 22.

Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology, Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA. Electronic address:

After disasters, such as forest fires and oil spills, high levels of benzene (> 1 ppm) can be detected in the water, soil, and air surrounding the disaster site, which poses a significant health risk to human, animal, and plant populations in the area. While remediation methods with activated carbons have been employed, these strategies are limited in their effectiveness due to benzene's inherent stability and limited retention to most surfaces. To address this problem, calcium and sodium montmorillonite clays were amended with a mixture of chlorophyll (a) and (b); their binding profile and ability to detoxify benzene were characterized using in vitro, in silico, and well-established ecotoxicological (ecotox) bioassay methods. Read More

Nanotechnology 2022 Jul 1. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, P.R. China, Hefei, 230036, CHINA.

Bacterial infections pose a serious threat to human health, and the development of new antibiotics has not kept pace with the development of bacterial resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design antibiotic-like nanoformulations that break through bacterial resistance mechanisms. In this work, we successfully synthesized a safe and effective antibacterial nanoformulation of [email protected]@EGCG by self-assembly of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)-coated silver nanoparticles (Ag) on the surface of selenium nanowires (Se). Read More

Mar Environ Res 2022 Jun 23;179:105689. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Økernveien 94, NO-0579, Oslo, Norway.

Tributyltin (TBT) was widely used as a highly efficient biocide in antifouling paints for ship and boat hulls. Eventually, TBT containing paints became globally banned when TBT was found to cause widespread contamination and non-target adverse effects in sensitive species, with induced pseudohermaphroditism in female neogastropods (imposex) being the best-known example. In this review, we address the history and the status of knowledge regarding TBT pollution and marine TBT hotspots, with a special emphasis on the Norwegian coastline. Read More

Am J Emerg Med 2022 Jun 13;59:42-48. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA. Electronic address:

Introduction: Emergency clinicians utilize local anesthetics for a variety of procedures in the emergency department (ED) setting. Local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) is a potentially deadly complication.

Objective: This narrative review provides emergency clinicians with the most current evidence regarding the pathophysiology, evaluation, and management of patients with LAST. Read More

Bioorg Chem 2022 Jun 28;127:105984. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, put Dr. Goldmana 4, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia.

Aquat Toxicol 2022 Jun 10;249:106220. Epub 2022 Jun 10.

Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty Life Sciences, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, Hamburg 21033, Germany. Electronic address:

Risk assessment of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) is difficult because maintaining a well-defined exposure during aquatic toxicity testing is challenging due to the limited water solubility and various loss processes such as volatilization, biodegradation and sorption. Passive dosing techniques help to overcome these challenges by providing a well-controlled and solvent-free exposure. In this study, the algal growth inhibition test (DIN EN ISO 8692) was converted into a miniaturized passive dosing setting. Read More

Lung Cancer 2022 Jun 23;170:133-140. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Introduction: Patients with life-threatening advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who harbor an exon 20 deletion and/or insertion mutation (EGFRex20 + ) have limited effective treatment options. The high dose 3rd generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) osimertinib shows promising in vitro activity in EGFRex20 + NSCLC tumors.

Methods: The POSITION20 is a single arm phase II, multicenter study investigating 160 mg osimertinib in patients with EGFRex20+, T790M negative NSCLC. Read More

J Environ Manage 2022 Jun 28;318:115568. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, GR, 50132, Kozani, Greece. Electronic address:

This work is a critical review of the most important studies that have dealt with heat-activated persulfate to degrade persistent micropollutants in the last six years. The effect of the different operating parameters is discussed, wherein in all cases, the efficiency was favored at higher temperatures and oxidant concentrations. Particular emphasis was given to the effect of the aqueous matrix. Read More

Blood 2022 Jul 1. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Loma Linda University school of Medicine, Cancer Center, Children Hospital and Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, United States.

The Pediatric Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Consortium (PTCTC) performed a prospective multicenter study of TCR-αβ/CD19-depleted haploidentical HCT in children with acute leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) to determine 1-year disease free survival (DFS) and compare 2-year outcomes to other donor cell sources. Fifty-one patients 0.7-21 years old were enrolled; donors were killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR)-favorable based upon ligand mismatch and/or high B-content. Read More

Blood 2022 Jul 1. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.

The advent of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape of refractory B-cell malignancies. Real-world evidence has highlighted the high incidence of hematological toxicity, including prolonged and profound cytopenia. Here, we present a case of bone marrow (BM) failure in a 57-year old man with DLBCL-type Richter transformation receiving tisagenlecleucel in a standard-of-care setting. Read More

PLoS One 2022 1;17(7):e0269983. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Center for Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.

Tetramethrin (Tm) is a commonly used pesticide that has been reported to exert estrogen-antagonistic effects selectively on female rats. The present study was undertaken to assess the protective role of lobaric acid (La) on estrous cycle in Tm-treated female Wistar rats. Female rats were exposed to Tm (50 mg/kg b. Read More

PLoS One 2022 1;17(7):e0270594. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Clinical Research Unit, Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.

Background: Low dose radiation therapy (LDRT) has been used for non-malignant conditions since early 1900s based on the ability of single fractions between 50-150 cGy to inhibit cellular proliferation. Given scarcity of resources, poor access to vaccines and medical therapies within low and middle income countries, there is an urgent need to identify other cost-effective alternatives in management of COVID-19 pneumonia. We conducted a pilot phase Ib/II investigator-initiated clinical trial to assess the safety, feasibility, and toxicity of LDRT in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia at the Aga Khan University Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya. Read More