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Aquat Toxicol 2019 Feb 7;209:142-149. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil. Electronic address:

In this study, we measured the interactive effect of temperature (22 °C and 28 °C) and waterborne copper (Cu) contamination (9 μg/L and 20 μg/L) on the killifish Poecilia vivipara. Endpoints analyzed included parameters involved in Cu-accumulation, antioxidant capacity (antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals [ACAP] and total antioxidant capacity [TAC]), oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation [LPO]) and upper thermal tolerance (critical thermal maximum [CTMax]). Results show that Cu hepatic accumulation was elevated in 28 °C in comparison to 22 °C in both exposure groups. Read More

Chemosphere 2019 Feb 12;223:157-164. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Instituto de Pesca - APTA- Secretaria da Agricultura e Abastecimento do Governo do Estado de São Paulo, Cananéia, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address:

Graphene oxide (GO) has been evaluated for application in environmental remediation and pollution control strategies. However, the side effects caused by the interactions of GO with classical pollutants in aquatic environments are still largely unknown. In this work, the ecotoxicological effects of GO, cadmium, zinc and the interactions between GO and these trace elements (co-exposure) were evaluated through acute toxicity tests and routine metabolism (i. Read More

Environ Int 2019 Feb 15;126:37-45. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9010, 6500, GL, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

The use of down-the-drain products and the resultant release of chemicals may lead to pressures on the freshwater environment. Ecotoxicological impact assessment is a commonly used approach to assess chemical products but is still influenced by several uncertainty and variability sources. As a result, the robustness and reliability of such assessments can be questioned. Read More

Environ Int 2019 Feb 15;126:24-36. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, 48 Vas. Constantinou Ave., Athens 11635, Greece. Electronic address:

Objectives: To characterize the impact of PCB exposure on DNA methylation in peripheral blood leucocytes and to evaluate the corresponding changes in relation to possible health effects, with a focus on B-cell lymphoma.

Methods: We conducted an epigenome-wide association study on 611 adults free of diagnosed disease, living in Italy and Sweden, in whom we also measured plasma concentrations of 6 PCB congeners, DDE and hexachlorobenzene.

Results: We identified 650 CpG sites whose methylation correlates strongly (FDR < 0. Read More

Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2019 Feb 12;214:192-198. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Department of Chemistry, Tougaloo College, 500 West County Line Road, Tougaloo, MS 39174, USA.

Our study determines the selectivity of graphene oxide (GO) to recognize its ligands (e.g. flavonoids) in facilitating the binding with their respective cellular targets. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2019 Feb 10;665:557-567. Epub 2019 Feb 10.

Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland. Electronic address:

In this study TiO-mediated photocatalytic degradation of the persistent drug clozapine under the simulated solar radiation was studied for the first time. The experiments were conducted both in the ultrapure and river water, which enabled the assessment of the organic matrix impact. The direct and indirect photolysis experiments were conducted for a comparison. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2019 Feb 2;665:492-501. Epub 2019 Feb 2.

Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, People's Republic of China. Electronic address:

With the increasing applications in various industrial areas, toxicity of ionic liquids (ILs) has gained much attention in recent years. In this work, 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate ([Cmim]NO), 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Cmim]Cl), N-octyl-3-metylpyridinium chloride ([Cmpy]Cl) and N-octyl-3-metylpyridinium bromide ([Cmpy]Br) were used to investigate the impacts of different types of cations and anions on their toxicity to a marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Results showed that the four ILs had poor degradability under the culture conditions used in this study, and significantly inhibited the growth of this diatom with 96-h EC values of 24. Read More

J Hazard Mater 2019 Feb 11;369:191-198. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France. Electronic address:

Increasing evidence indicates the presence of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in sewage sludge derived from wastewater treatment. Land application of sewage sludge is, therefore, considered as an important pathway for ENP transfer to the environment. The aim of this work was to understand the effects of sewage sludge containing nano-TiO on plants (tomato) when used as an amendment in agricultural soil. Read More

J Hazard Mater 2019 Feb 10;369:132-141. Epub 2019 Feb 10.

Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China. Electronic address:

Microcystis aeruginosa is known as a main contributor of cyanobacterial bloom. However, factors that drive its formation and dispersion remain poorly understood. The cellular-level responses to nutrient drivers of eutrophication were investigated. Read More

Phytochemistry 2019 Feb 15;161:1-10. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation (Charles Sturt University and NSW Department of Primary Industries), Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia; Charles Sturt University, School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia.

Amaranthus retroflexus L., an introduced invasive weed in southern Australia, has been associated with acute renal failure and/or mortality in a number of livestock species. While its leaves, flowers and stems are generally reported to contain high levels of nitrogen, few studies have fully characterised the chemical composition of A. Read More

Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2019 Jan 30;14:593-608. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Department of Research & Development, uniQure Biopharma B.V., Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address:

The most common pathogenic mutation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is an intronic GGGGCC (GC) repeat in the chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9orf72) gene. Cellular toxicity due to RNA foci and dipeptide repeat (DPR) proteins produced by the sense and antisense repeat-containing transcripts is thought to underlie the pathogenesis of both diseases. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data of C9orf72-ALS patients and controls were analyzed to better understand the sequence conservation of C9orf72 in patients. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 Feb 14;172:556-565. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn 12618, Estonia; Estonian Academy of Sciences, Kohtu 6, Tallinn 10130, Estonia. Electronic address:

A library of 24 pyridinium-, imidazolium-, and cholinium-based ionic liquids (ILs) with varying alkyl chain from C to C was toxicologically profiled using naturally luminescent marine bacteria Vibrio fischeri. The toxicity (30-min EC) of studied ILs to Vibrio fischeri ranged from 7.82 µM (4. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 Feb 15;173:293-304. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.

S-metolachlor (SMOC) and terbuthylazine (TBA) are herbicides that commonly appear as active ingredients (a.i.) in the composition of plant protection products. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 Feb 15;173:285-292. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China. Electronic address:

The toxicities of agrochemicals to non-target aquatic organisms are key items in chemical ecological risk assessment. However, it is still an urgent need to develop new tools to assess the agrochemical aquatic toxicity efficiently and accurately. In this work, QSTR studies were performed on a data set containing 639 diverse pesticides with measured EC toxicity against Daphnia magna, by using five machine learning methods combined with seven fingerprints and a set of molecular descriptors. Read More

J Environ Manage 2019 Feb 15;236:798-814. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Sustainable Industrials Systems, School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.

Consumers are the leading producers of food waste (FW) in developed countries and the majority of household FW is still embedded in general waste where it is incinerated or landfilled. There is increasing awareness in the value of collecting FW as a separate waste stream for production of compost or recovery of energy through anaerobic digestion (AD). This study focuses on AD to evaluate the life cycle environmental sustainability of recovering energy and fertilisers from household FW in the UK. Read More

J Pain Symptom Manage 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Oncology, Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Laboratory of Methodology for Clinical Research, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy.

Context: Opioids are frequently used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain and their use may produce a number of unwanted adverse events (AEs).

Objectives: To understand the burden of opioid-induced AEs in cancer patients with pain after the introduction of strong opioids (WHO step III).

Methods: This is a cohort study derived from a randomized controlled trial involving 498 cancer patients with pain who received strong opioids. Read More

Toxicol In Vitro 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Canada. Electronic address:

Methylmercury (MeHg) is a neurotoxicant, with the cerebellum as the main target of toxicity; however, the toxic effects of MeHg on specific cell types remain unclear. Here, primary cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) and cerebellar astrocytes were isolated and analyzed for total mercury accumulation, cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and whole-cell proteome expression after exposure to 0-10 μM MeHg for 24 h. Intracellular mercury and ROS levels showed dose-dependent increases. Read More

Neurosci Lett 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:

Background: Alpha-synuclein (αSN) is an abundant presynaptic brain protein that its aggregated species believed to play pivotal roles in the development of neurodegenerative diseases, especially Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, we compared the response of primary neuronal cells with a well-known cell line model, PC12, against the toxic aggregates of αSN.

Methods: Primary hippocampal neurons (PHNs) were isolated from 17 to 18 days old rat embryos. Read More

Neurotoxicol Teratol 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

William Jewell College, Department of Biology, Liberty, MO, United States of America. Electronic address:

Lead (Pb) is a teratogen that poses health risks after acute and chronic exposure. Lead is deposited in the bones of adults and is continuously leached into the blood for decades. While this chronic lead exposure can have detrimental effects on adults such as high blood pressure and kidney damage, developing fetuses and young children are particularly vulnerable. Read More

Eur J Pharm Sci 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

CYP Design Ltd, The Innovation Centre, 49 Oxford Street, Leicester LE1 5XY, UK. Electronic address:

Microsomal cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, isolated from recombinant bacterial/insect/yeast cells, are extensively used for drug metabolism studies. However, they may not always portray how a developmental drug would behave in human cells with intact intracellular transport mechanisms. This study emphasizes the usefulness of human HEK293 kidney cells, grown in 'suspension' for expression of CYPs, in finding potent CYP1A1/CYP1B1 inhibitors, as possible anticancer agents. Read More

Toxicology 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1, Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan. Electronic address:

Methylmercury (MeHg) is one of the most toxic environmental pollutants, presenting a serious health hazard worldwide. In this study, we examined the potential of derivatives of oleanolic acid (OA), such as OA 3-glucoside, OA 28-glucoside, and OA 3,28-diglucoside, to mitigate MeHg toxicity in vitro and in vivo. We found that OA 3-glucoside suppressed the cellular MeHg uptake by 63. Read More

Int J Biol Macromol 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, Rua do Príncipe, n. 526, Boa Vista, CEP: 50050-900 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Instituto Avançado de Tecnologia e Inovação (IATI), Rua Joaquim de Brito, n.216, Boa Vista, CEP: 50070-280 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Electronic address:

The aim of the present study was to determine the antimicrobial action and toxicity of mouthwashes formulated with a biosurfactant, chitosan of a microbial origin and peppermint (Mentha piperita) essential oil (POE). Chitosan was extracted from the biomass of a fungus from the order Mucorales grown in yam bean broth. Three biosurfactants produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa UCP 0992 (PB), Bacillus cereus UCP 1615 (BB) and Candida bombicola URM 3718 (CB) were tested. Read More

Int J Biol Macromol 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Food Science Program, Division of Food Systems & Bioengineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. Electronic address:

Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are nano-sized fillers widely used for enhancing the active functions of food packaging materials. However, nanomaterials may pose unexpected toxic effects on humans. Thus, the objective of this work was to develop a novel CNF/AgNP composite and investigate its properties and cytotoxicity. Read More

Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Electronic address:

The tumor microenvironment is the cellular environment that is also described as the "soil" for supporting tumor growth, proliferation, invasion and metastasis, as well as protecting tumor cells from immunological recognition. Notably, tumor cells can grow much faster than other normal organs and invade surrounding tissues more easily, which results in abnormal expression of enzymes in the tumor microenvironment, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), cathepsins, phospholipases, oxidoreductases, etc. In opposite, due to the high selectivity and catalytic activity, these enzymes can promote nanoparticles to recognize tumor tissues more accurately, which enhances therapeutic efficacy with lower systemic toxicity. Read More

Toxicon 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food, KU Institute for Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand (CASAF, NRU-KU, Thailand). Electronic address:

Food and feed commodities are often contaminated by more than one mycotoxin. Among the several combinations that frequently occur, fusariotoxins are often mentioned. The multi-mycotoxins contamination is a serious threat for health. Read More

Steroids 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Mycological Laboratory, Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research, Siniša Stanković, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana, Serbia.

Fourteen steroid compounds were in silico evaluated using computer program PASS as antimicrobial agents. The experimental studies evaluation revealed that all compounds have good antibacterial activity with MIC at range of 0.003-0. Read More

Neurotoxicology 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. Electronic address:

4,4'-Dimethylaminorex (4,4'-DMAR) is a novel psychoactive substance (NPS) that appeared on the illicit drug market in addition to the psychostimulant 4-methylaminorex (4-MAR). Both substances are methylated derivatives of aminorex, an amphetamine-like anorectic used in the 1960ies and withdrawn from the marked due to severe cardiovascular toxicity. The aim of the present study was to characterize the in vitro pharmacological profiles of 4-MAR, 4,4'-DMAR, and 3,4-dimethylaminorex (3,4-DMAR, direx). Read More

Chest 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Chicago, IL. Electronic address:

Background: Guidelines recommend empirical vancomycin or linezolid for suspected pneumonia patients at-risk for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Unneeded vancomycin or linezolid use may unnecessarily alter host flora and expose patients to toxicity. We therefore sought to determine if rapid testing for MRSA in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) can safely decrease use of vancomycin or linezolid for suspected MRSA pneumonia. Read More

Environ Sci Technol 2019 Feb 18. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Most studies of bacterial exposure to environmental contaminants focuse on acute treatments; yet, the impacts of single, high-dose exposures on microbial communities may not readily be extended to the more likely scenario of chronic, low-dose contaminant exposures. Here, in a year-long, wetland mesocosm experiment, we compared microbial community responses to pulse (single 450 mg dose of silver) and chronic (weekly 8.7 mg doses of silver for one year) silver nanoparticle (Ag0NP) treatments, as well as a chronic treatment of "aged" sulfidized silver nanoparticles (Ag2S NPs). Read More

J Clin Apher 2019 Feb 18. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Department of Medicine, West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, West Virginia.

Thrombotic microangiopathies are rare diseases associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The treatment of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and drug-induced thrombotic microangiopathy (DITMA) remains a diagnostic dilemma as they present similarly but respond differently to standard treatment with plasma exchange. TTP is a deficiency of a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 motif 13 resulting in von Willebrand factor aggregates. Read More

Environ Toxicol Chem 2019 Feb 18. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

US Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, San Francisco, California.

We compared 2 statistical hypothesis-test approaches (no-observed-effect concentration [NOEC] and test of significant toxicity [TST]) to determine the influence of laboratory test performance on the false-positive error rate using the US Environmental Protection Agency's Ceriodaphnia dubia reproduction whole-effluent toxicity (WET) test endpoint. Simulation and power calculations were used to determine error rates based on observed control coefficients of variation (CV) for 8 laboratories over a range of effect levels. Average C. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019 Feb 18;2:CD012873. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Medical Oncology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia, 2139.

Background: Anthracyclines and taxanes are chemotherapeutic agents widely used in a sequential regimen in the adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatment of early breast cancer to reduce the risk of cancer recurrence. Standard practice is to administer anthracycline-based chemotherapy followed by a taxane. Anthracyclines tend to be administered first as they were established before taxanes for treatment of early breast cancer. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019 Feb 16;2:CD012244. Epub 2019 Feb 16.

Clinical Research Center, South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232 Waihuan Dong Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510006.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma, also called malignant hepatoma, is a primary malignancy of the liver. Despite regular surveillance conducted in high-risk populations, most people with hepatocellular carcinoma are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Consequently, only a minority of people with the disease are suitable for surgical resection when diagnosed. Read More

Pharm Dev Technol 2019 Feb 18:1-33. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

c Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products , National Research Centre , Dokki , Cairo 12622 , Egypt .

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) is a member of family Apiaceae. Trans-anethole, the major component of Fennel essential oil (FEO), possesses antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects. Read More

Biomater Sci 2019 Feb 18. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China. and Institutes for Life Sciences and School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China. and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China and Research Institute for Food Nutrition and Human Health, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China and Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510005, China.

Polymeric nanoparticles as drug delivery systems have the potential to improve the therapeutic efficacy and reduce the toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs by enhancing the drug selectivity in vivo. The efficacy is directly dependent on the polymeric nanoparticles' in vivo fate. Therefore, it is very important to develop a method to stably label the polymeric nanoparticles for detecting the in vivo fate. Read More

Int J Reprod Biomed (Yazd) 2018 Nov;16(11):711-718

Solid Tumor Research Center Urmia . University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.

Background: Cyclophosphamide (CP) is one of the most invasive chemotherapeutic agents, which used commonly despite of its wide spectrum toxicity. Clinical evidence showed toxic side effects of CP in multiple organ systems.

Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of on CP-induced testicular toxicity in rats. Read More

ACS Omega 2019 Jan 28;4(1):2142-2151. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada.

Cr(III) is often regarded as a trace essential micronutrient that can be found in many dietary supplements due to its participation in blood glucose regulation. However, increased levels of exposure have been linked to adverse health effects in living organisms. Herein, scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) was used to detect variation in membrane permeability of single cells (T24) resulting from exposure to a trivalent Cr-salt, CrCl. Read More

Kidney Int Rep 2019 Feb 28;4(2):346-349. Epub 2018 Sep 28.

Section of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.

Heliyon 2019 Jan 29;5(1):e01179. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

N. E. Brown (Asclepiadaceae) is a cactus-like shaped shrub widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, infertility and impotence. Read More

Open Med (Wars) 2019 16;14:66-74. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.

Lower intraluminal colonic pH is an indication for the development of inflammatory bowel disease including active ulcerative colitis. Involvement of intestinal sulfate-reducing bacteria in decreasing bowel pH by the production of HS and acetate as well as their sensitivity has never been reported before. The study of the relative pH and survival of Vib-7 by monitoring sulfate reduction parameters was the aim of this work. Read More

ACG Case Rep J 2018 5;5:e88. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands.

Bile cast nephropathy is an often overlooked condition of acute renal injury in the setting of high serum bilirubin. While the exact pathophysiology remains unknown, possible mechanisms of renal injury are tubular obstruction from bile casts, direct toxicity from bile acids, and decreased renal perfusion due to hemodynamic changes. We present a patient with hyperbilirubinemia as a result of common bile duct obstruction due to pancreatic adenocarcinoma who developed anuric acute renal injury. Read More

Autops Case Rep 2018 Oct-Dec;8(4):e2018049. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

University of Chicago Medicine, Department of Pathology. Chicago, IL, USA.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), in combination with other cytotoxic drugs, is commonly used to treat a variety of cancers. Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) catalyzes the first catabolic step of the 5-FU degradation pathway, converting 80% of 5-FU to its inactive metabolite. Approximately 0. Read More

Indian Dermatol Online J 2019 Jan-Feb;10(1):64-68

Department of Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Overdosing is the major cause of acute methotrexate toxicity in psoriasis patients. There are no published data regarding the acute cumulative dose causing acute toxicity, duration to achieve acute cumulative toxic dose and various reasons for wrong dosing of methotrexate in Indian patients. We are presenting a series of seven cases of toxicity due to overdosing of methotrexate in psoriasis. Read More

Asian J Urol 2019 Jan 28;6(1):99-108. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Oncology, Prostate Cancer Program, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Localized prostate cancer is curable via annihilation of the entire cancer neighborhood by surgery or local radiation. Unfortunately, once metastatic, no available therapy is curative. The vast majority will die despite aggressive systemic combinational androgen-ablation therapies. Read More

Adv Sci (Weinh) 2019 Feb 5;6(3):1801309. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA.

Cancer drug delivery remains a formidable challenge due to systemic toxicity and inadequate extravascular transport of nanotherapeutics to cells distal from blood vessels. It is hypothesized that, in absence of an external driving force, the serovar Typhimurium could be exploited for autonomous targeted delivery of nanotherapeutics to currently unreachable sites. To test the hypothesis, a nanoscale bacteria-enabled autonomous drug delivery system (NanoBEADS) is developed in which the functional capabilities of the tumor-targeting . Read More

OMICS J Radiol 2018 3;7(5). Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, USA.

Purpose: Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) allows for significant dose reductions to organs at risk in prostate cancer patients. However, the accurate delivery of IMRT plans can be compromised by patient positioning errors. The purpose of this study was to determine if the modeling of grade ≥ 2 acute rectal toxicity could be used to monitor the quality of IMRT protocols. Read More

J Radiosurg SBRT 2019 ;6(1):19-26

West Virginia University School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.

Purpose: To compare clinical outcomes following stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (fSRS) for vestibular schwannomas (VS).

Materials/methods: We identified 64 VS patients from the RSSearch Patient Registry (12 treated with SRS and 52 patients treated with fSRS). Potential factors predictive of local control (LC) and toxicity were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, Cox proportional hazards model, and binary logistic regressions with propensity score weighting. Read More

Case Rep Nephrol 2019 15;2019:3614980. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Section of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Immune-checkpoint-inhibitors (ICPIs) represent a novel class of immunotherapy against several malignancies. These agents are associated with several "immune-mediated" adverse effects, but the reported renal toxicity of ICPIs is less well defined. We present the case of a 60-year-old man with a history of non-small cell lung cancer, who developed acute kidney injury (AKI) approximately 3. Read More

J Thorac Dis 2019 Jan;11(Suppl 1):S65-S70

Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Pasteur Hospital, CHU Nice, FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.

Patients with advanced or metastatic forms of lung cancer with an activating mutation in () are given tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeted therapies that are more efficient than chemotherapy. These patients are excluded from first-line immunotherapy. After a phase of regression these tumors develop systematically resistance requiring a rapid change in therapy. Read More

Basic Clin Androl 2019 7;29. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

1Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microscopy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.

Background: Although recent progress in cancer treatment has increased patient survival and improved quality of life, reproductive side effects are still for concern. One way to decrease gonadal impairment is to use cytoprotectors. In testicular cancer, etoposide is generally used in combination with other agents, but there are no in-vitro studies of sperm exposure to etoposide and cytoprotectors, namely N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Read More