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Forensic Sci Int 2019 Mar 12;299:95-102. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences, Portugal.

Cocaine was the second most widely used drug in Europe in 2016, with 3.5 million consumers aged 15-64 years old. Adulterants are pharmacologically active substances developed for medical purposes, however, there is little knowledge about their influence in the human body when there is concomitant use with cocaine. Read More

A A Pract 2019 Mar 25. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC.

IV lidocaine is increasingly being utilized as an opioid-sparing analgesic. A 55-year-old man with well-controlled human immunodeficiency virus on highly active antiretroviral therapy was prescribed a lidocaine infusion at 1 mg/kg/h for postoperative pain. On postoperative day 2, the patient experienced 4 unresponsive episodes with tachycardia, hypertension, and oxygen desaturation. Read More

Bone Joint Res 2019 Feb 2;8(2):41-48. Epub 2019 Mar 2.

University Center for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, and Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.

Objectives: Intra-articular injections of local anaesthetics (LA), glucocorticoids (GC), or hyaluronic acid (HA) are used to treat osteoarthritis (OA). Contrast agents (CA) are needed to prove successful intra-articular injection or aspiration, or to visualize articular structures dynamically during fluoroscopy. Tranexamic acid (TA) is used to control haemostasis and prevent excessive intra-articular bleeding. Read More

Open Med (Wars) 2019 2;14:287-291. Epub 2019 Mar 2.

Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Regional anaesthesia techniques in ophthalmology are usually utilized for day case surgery. During various procedures, profound akinesia of the eye and anaesthesia of the surgical site are required, both of which are achieved with retrobulbar block. Due to the anatomy of the eye, life-threatening complications are possible. Read More

Phlebology 2019 Mar 14:268355519836834. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

3 Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, USA.

Objectives: For endovenous thermal ablation of the saphenous veins, tumescent lidocaine anesthesia is often used. Unfortunately, information is sparse on the pharmacokinetics of lidocaine absorption and its maximum safe dose. The aim of this study was to evaluate plasma concentration of lidocaine on 12 lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) and symptoms over time after the administration of tumescent lidocaine during endovenous thermal ablation procedures in healthy volunteers. Read More

Perioper Med (Lond) 2019 26;8. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

1Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.

Background: Growing evidence suggests that intravenous lidocaine as a component of multimodal analgesia improves recovery after major colorectal surgery. There is little published data regarding ideal dosing and target plasma concentration in this context, and we wanted to establish our dosing schedule was safe by measuring blood levels of lidocaine.

Methods: We measured the plasma lidocaine concentration of 32 patients at 30 min, 6 h and 12 h after starting intravenous lidocaine infusion for analgesia after major colorectal surgery. Read More

J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther 2019 Jan-Feb;24(1):34-38

Objectives: Use of lidocaine as part of a multimodal approach to postoperative pain management has increased in adults; however, limited information is available regarding safety and tolerability in pediatrics. This study's primary objective was to evaluate the incidence of adverse effects related to lidocaine infusions in a sample of pediatric patients.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted in pediatric patients receiving lidocaine infusion for the management of postoperative analgesia at the University of Virginia Health System. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 May 31;172:232-239. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario, Autov A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address:

The final fate of many drugs is release into the natural aquatic environment. It is necessary to assess the toxicity caused by this situation and the associated concerns for human beings. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a common biomodel used to assess toxicity in aquatic environments. Read More

A A Pract 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, Illinois.

Local anesthetic toxicity is a rare but serious complication of local anesthetic administration. Although lidocaine has a safety profile superior to other amide local anesthetics, we report a case of cardiac arrest after intranasal injection of lidocaine. The case involves a 22-year-old healthy woman who experienced pulseless electrical activity shortly after a submucosal injection of 2. Read More

Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Apr 8;103:34-40. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Naval Medical Research Institute, Second Military Medical University, 880 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China. Electronic address:

This study was designed to assess the preclinical toxicity of antipyrine combined with lidocaine hydrochloride ear drops (ALED) and support the clinical trials of ALED in clinical settings in China. All the experiments including acute toxicity in rodents, skin sensitization toxicity in guinea pigs, skin irritation toxicity in rabbits and chronic toxicity in rats were performed according to China Food and Drug Administration guidelines. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of ALED administration for mice and rats was over (400 g antipyrine plus 100 g lidocaine hydrochloride)/kg and (240 g andtipyrine plus 60 g lidocaine hydrochloride)/kg, respectively. Read More

J Palliat Med 2019 Mar 7;22(3):326-334. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

1 Improving Palliative, Aged and Chronic Care Through Clinical Research and Translation, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia.

Background: Internationally, use of lidocaine infusions to treat cancer pain varies by center. Existing systematic reviews do not adequately inform use of lidocaine in cancer pain.

Objective: To assess the effects of systemic sodium channel blockers on cancer pain in adults, review the dose protocols for administration, and assess toxicity. Read More

Toxicol Lett 2019 Mar 17;303:9-15. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

University of Health Sciences, Dept. of Medical CBRN Defense, 06010, Etlik, Ankara, Turkey.

Sulfur mustard (SM) was responsible for more than 80% of all documented chemical casualties during the Great War. Recent literature on clinic picture of SM exposure remained so limited with the sporadic cases who were accidentally exposed to SM especially either in Western Europe or China. We reported a Syrian family of four who became victims of chemical terrorism due to SM exposure and we described the detailed clinical course of the family including the medical history, initial symptomatology, clinical examination, hematological data, and initial treatment in the first 48 hours after exposure at Kilis State Hospital, Turkey. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 Apr 5;170:141-147. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China. Electronic address:

Poisonous weeds are a global problem since they not only hinder local economic development, but also cause ecological harm. Consolida rugulosa (family Ranunculaceae) is a weed that is widespread in Northwestern China and causes severe poisoning when ingested by livestock. In the present study, we purified the toxins in this plant and investigated their mechanism of action. Read More

Cureus 2018 Aug 21;10(8):e3173. Epub 2018 Aug 21.

Anesthesia Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation - Fairview Hospital, Cleveland, USA.

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) is a non-ischemic cardiomyopathy that is accompanied by sudden left ventricular myocardial stunning, dilation and dysfunction. It often results from severe emotional or physical stress. We present the case of a 41-year-old female patient who had general anesthesia induced uneventfully for an elective bladder sling procedure. Read More

Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg 2018 Oct 19. Epub 2018 Oct 19.

From the Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC.

Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to compare the amount of lidocaine administered for vaginal reconstruction with versus without hysterectomy. The secondary objective was to assess the risk of lidocaine toxicity.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study compares lidocaine dose in 2 cohorts: women who underwent vaginal hysterectomy with additional vaginal reconstruction (VH + VR) versus those who underwent vaginal reconstruction without hysterectomy (VR only). Read More

J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018 Oct 20;47(1):64. Epub 2018 Oct 20.

Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, 2C3.57 Walter MacKenzie Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R7, Canada.

Background: Propofol and remifentanil intravenous combination is one popular form of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) in mainstream clinical practice, but it has rarely been applied to a rat model for laryngoscopy and laryngeal electromyography (LEMG). Our objective was to establish a safe and reproducible general anesthetic protocol for laryngoscopy and endoscopic LEMG in a rat model. Our hypothesis is that TIVA allows a minimally morbid, and feasible laryngoscopy and LEMG. Read More

Lasers Surg Med 2019 Jan 15;51(1):88-94. Epub 2018 Oct 15.

Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

Objective: Lidocaine acts as a local anesthetic by blocking transmembrane sodium channel permeability, but also induces the synthesis of heat shock proteins and sensitizes cells to hyperthermia. A previous study reported two cases of deep focal skin ulceration at points corresponding to depot local lidocaine injection sites after treatment with non-ablative fractional resurfacing and it was hypothesized that lidocaine had focally sensitized keratinocytes to the thermal damage of laser treatment. The objective of this study was to investigate whether lidocaine potentiates hyperthermia damage to both normal and cancerous skin cells using an in vitro model. Read More

Anesth Analg 2018 Oct 9. Epub 2018 Oct 9.

Laboratory of Inflammation, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.

Background: Our research group has recently developed liposomes with ionic gradient and in a combined manner as donor and acceptor vesicles containing ropivacaine (RVC; at 2% or 0.75%). Looking for applications of such novel formulations for postoperative pain control, we evaluated the duration of anesthesia, pharmacokinetics, and tissue reaction evoked by these new RVC formulations. Read More

Neurotoxicology 2018 12 18;69:77-83. Epub 2018 Sep 18.

Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China. Electronic address:

Dexmedetomidine, a selective α adrenergic agonist, has been shown to have neuroprotective and anti-apoptotic effects. To further investigate the underlying mechanisms, we used a rat model of spinal neurotoxicity induced by intrathecal administration of lidocaine. Four days after intrathecal catheter implantation, rats received an intraperitoneal injection of various doses of dexmedetomidine before an intrathecal injection of 20 μL 10% lidocaine. Read More

Animals (Basel) 2018 Aug 20;8(8). Epub 2018 Aug 20.

School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.

This study determined the convulsant plasma concentrations and pharmacokinetic parameters following cornual nerve block and compared the results to recommend a safe dose of lidocaine hydrochloride for goat kids. The plasma concentrations of lidocaine and monoethylglycinexylidide (MGX) were quantified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total dose of 7 mg/kg body weight (BW) was tolerated and should therefore be safe for local and regional anesthesia in goat kids. Read More

Oxid Med Cell Longev 2018 8;2018:4967318. Epub 2018 Jul 8.

Laboratory for Corneal Tissue Engineering, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road No. 5, Qingdao 266003, China.

The introduction of intracameral anaesthesia by injection of lidocaine has become popular in cataract surgery for its inherent potency, rapid onset, tissue penetration, and efficiency. However, intracameral lidocaine causes corneal thickening, opacification, and corneal endothelial cell loss. Herein, we investigated the effects of lidocaine combined with sodium ferulate, an antioxidant with antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties, on lidocaine-induced damage of corneal endothelia with experiment of morphological changes and cell viability of cultured human corneal endothelial cells and investigation of corneal endothelial cell density and central corneal thickness of cat eyes. Read More

Iowa Orthop J 2018 ;38:107-112

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia.

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of commonly used injection medication combinations on supraspinatus tenocyte cell viability and tissue metabolism.

Methods: Twenty adult dogs underwent ultrasound guided injection of the canine equivalent of the subacromial space, based on random assignment to one of four treatment groups (n=5/group): normal saline, 1.0% lidocaine/methylprednisolone, 1. Read More

Pharm Dev Technol 2019 Apr 3;24(4):448-454. Epub 2018 Oct 3.

a School of Pharmacy , The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga , Semenyih , Malaysia.

The drawbacks associated with chemical skin permeation enhancers such as skin irritation and toxicity necessitated the research to focus on potential permeation enhancers with a perceived lower toxicity. Crude palm oil (CPO) is obtained by direct compression of the mesocarp of the fruit of the oil palm belonging to the genus Elaeis. In this research, CPO and tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) of palm oil were evaluated for the first time as skin permeation enhancers using full-thickness human skin. Read More

J Toxicol Sci 2018 ;43(8):493-506

Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

We used motion field imaging to characterize the conduction and contraction of a sheet of cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPS-CMs). A hiPS-CMs sheet of 2.8 mm × 2. Read More

Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019 01 21;88:194-207. Epub 2018 Jul 21.

Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Hosur Road, Bengaluru 560 029, India. Electronic address:

Chronic exposure to stress causes cognitive deficits, anxiety and depression. Earlier studies have suggested that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and basolateral amygdala (BLA) can differentially modulate the stress-induced alterations either by their action on HPA axis or via direct reciprocal connections between them. The PFC dysfunction and BLA hypertrophy following stress are known to cause anxiety and affective symptoms. Read More

BMC Anesthesiol 2018 07 18;18(1):88. Epub 2018 Jul 18.

Department of Anesthesia, University Children's Hospital, Steinwiesstrasse 75, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland.

Background: Due to its potential beneficial effects, intra- and postoperative application of intravenous lidocaine has become increasingly accepted over the last couple of years, e.g. in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgical procedures. Read More

Emerg (Tehran) 2018 16;6(1):e38. Epub 2018 Jun 16.

Excellence Center of Clinical Toxicology, Department of Clinical Toxicology, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Introduction: Parenteral form of lidocaine is the best-known source of lidocaine poisoning. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of acute lidocaine toxicity .

Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, demographics, clinical presentation, laboratory findings, and outcome of patients intoxicated with lidocaine (based on ICD10 codes) admitted to Loghman Hakim Hospital, during April 2007 to March 2014 were analyzed. Read More

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2019 Feb 11;43(1):7-13. Epub 2018 Jul 11.

Department of Surgical, Microsurgical and Medical Sciences, Plastic Surgery Unit, University of Sassari, Via Monte Grappa 70, 07100, Sassari, Italy.

Background: Tumescent local anesthesia (TLA) consists of infiltration of saline solution with lidocaine and epinephrine into the tissues to obtain regional anesthesia and vasoconstriction. The use of TLA in augmentation mammoplasty has been described for sub-glandular positioning. We describe a modified TLA technique for primary sub-muscular breast augmentation reporting our experience during the past 7 years. Read More

Anesth Prog 2018 ;65(2):119-123

PGY2 General Practice Chief Resident, NYU Lutheran, Brooklyn, New York.

Adverse reactions to local anesthetics are usually a reaction to epinephrine, vasovagal syncope, or overdose toxicity. Allergic reactions to local anesthetics are often attributed to additives such as metabisulfite or methylparaben. True allergic reactions to amide local anesthetics are extremely rare but have been documented. Read More

J Burn Care Res 2018 Aug;39(5):790-797

Applied Tissue Technologies LLC, Hingham, MA.

Injuries to the skin are often complicated by invasive infections. Standard treatment with intravenous antibiotics has limited tissue penetration and sometimes, major systemic toxicity. Traditional topical delivery of antimicrobials also has limited effectiveness and duration of action. Read More

Case Rep Neurol 2018 May-Aug;10(2):130-134. Epub 2018 May 30.

Department of Neurology, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia.

Myoclonus is an abnormal involuntary movement that has been previously reported with administration of high doses of opioids for prolonged periods of time. In this case, however, we report an acute myoclonic reaction and review the literature on the possible causative pathophysiology. We report the case of a 24-year-old woman who was admitted for postdated cesarean section. Read More

Toxicol Mech Methods 2018 Nov 31;28(9):670-677. Epub 2018 Jul 31.

c Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y Biológicas "Dr. Ignacio Chávez" , Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Dr. Rafael Carrillo esquina Dr. Salvador González Herrejón, Col. Bosque Cuauhtémoc , Morelia , Mexico.

Inhaling solvents can lead to occurrence of cardiac arrhythmias and sudden sniffing death. Mechanisms related to this phenomenon are not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of acute toluene exposure on heart reactivity to epinephrine and the participation of voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels. Read More

Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2018 Oct 16;74(10):1309-1315. Epub 2018 Jun 16.

Service de Pharmacologie Clinique et Pharmacovigilance, Hôpital de la Timone, AP-HM, 13385, Marseille, France.

Purpose: Tumescent lidocaine anesthesia (TLA) is an opportunity to perform mastectomy for breast cancer without general anesthesia in elderly women. Few reports are available on the pharmacokinetics of lidocaine in a context of TLA during a unilateral mastectomy. The aim of this study was to describe lidocaine pharmacokinetics in elderly women undergoing breast cancer surgery after TLA and to explore the risk of the toxicity of this technique. Read More

J Clin Pharm Ther 2018 Oct 9;43(5):733-736. Epub 2018 Jun 9.

East Carolina Heart Institute at ECU, Greenville, NC, USA.

What Is Known And Objective: Lidocaine infused at 1-4 mg/min is an appropriate treatment modality for hemodynamically stable ventricular tachycardia (VT) with normal hepatic function. A case of acute lidocaine toxicity in the setting of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is reported.

Case Summary: A 71-year-old with a HeartMate II LVAD on chronic mexiletine and normal liver function presented with ventricular tachycardia requiring systemic lidocaine and subsequently developed altered mental status with tremors. Read More

Toxicol Rep 2018 10;5:357-362. Epub 2018 Mar 10.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029-6574, United States.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) were first approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use as antidepressants in the 1950s. Although their function as an antidepressant in the U.S. Read More

Anaesthesist 2018 Jun;67(6):401-408

Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07740, Jena, Deutschland.

After intensive care unit (ICU) treatment, the recollection of experienced pain is one of the most burdensome aftermaths. In addition, pain has several negative physiological consequences. The majority of patients report moderate to severe pain while being treated on an ICU, often caused by diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Read More

Scand Cardiovasc J 2018 08 25;52(4):218-226. Epub 2018 May 25.

a Department of Biomedical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark.

Objectives: In normal conditions, sudden heart rate acceleration provokes a rapid reduction in ventricular action potential duration (APD). The protracted APD rate adaptation favors early afterdepolarizations and precipitates arrhythmia. Nevertheless, it is uncertain as to whether the rate-dependent changes of ventricular repolarization can be adversely modified by arrhythmogenic drugs (quinidine and procainamide) and hypokalemia, in comparison to the agents with safe therapeutic profile, such as lidocaine. Read More

Int J Legal Med 2019 May 21;133(3):843-846. Epub 2018 May 21.

Centre antipoison et de toxicovigilance de Paris, hôpital Fernand-Widal, Paris, France.

Background: Eutectic mixtures of lidocaine and prilocaine are used during painful dermatological procedures. Poisoning is rarely reported in adults.

Material And Method: We report three cases of women who experienced lidocaine and prilocaine poisoning after laser-assisted hair removal. Read More

Neuroscience 2018 06;381:149-158

Veteran Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, United States; Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States. Electronic address:

Latent sensitization is a model of chronic pain in which an injury triggers a period of hyperalgesia followed by an apparent recovery, but in which pain sensitization persists but is suppressed by opioid and adrenergic receptors. One important characteristic of latent sensitization is that hyperalgesia can be triggered by acute stress. To determine whether the effect of stress is mimicked by the activation of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) signaling in the brain, rats with latent sensitization induced by injecting complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA, 50 μl) in one hind paw were given an intracerebroventricular (i. Read More

Pain 2018 Sep;159(9):1696-1704

Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.

Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) occurs in 12% of surgical populations and is a high priority for perioperative research. Systemic lidocaine may modulate several of the pathophysiological processes linked to CPSP. This systematic review aims to identify and synthesize the evidence linking lidocaine infusions and CPSP. Read More

J Neuroinflammation 2018 Mar 24;15(1):94. Epub 2018 Mar 24.

Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, "Vittorio Erspamer", La Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy.

Background: Diarrhea is a severe complication in HIV-1-infected patients with Trans-activator of transcription (HIV-1 Tat) protein being recognized as a major underlying cause. Beside its direct enterotoxic effects, Tat protein has been recently shown to affect enteric glial cell (EGC) activity. EGCs regulate intestinal inflammatory responses by secreting pro-inflammatory molecules; nonetheless, they might also release immune-regulatory factors, as palmytoilethanolamide (PEA), which exerts anti-inflammatory effects by activating PPARα receptors. Read More

Toxins (Basel) 2018 03 23;10(4). Epub 2018 Mar 23.

Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria.

Cnidaria include the most venomous animals of the world. Among Cnidaria, Scyphozoa (true jellyfish) are ubiquitous, abundant, and often come into accidental contact with humans and, therefore, represent a threat for public health and safety. The venom of Scyphozoa is a complex mixture of bioactive substances-including thermolabile enzymes such as phospholipases, metalloproteinases, and, possibly, pore-forming proteins-and is only partially characterized. Read More

Am J Otolaryngol 2018 May - Jun;39(3):370-371. Epub 2018 Mar 14.

Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, United States; The Spiegel Center, Newton, MA 02459, United States. Electronic address:

J Endovasc Ther 2018 Jun 12;25(3):355-357. Epub 2018 Mar 12.

1 Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.

Purpose: To describe a single skin puncture technique combining subcutaneous injection of anesthetic to the depth of the vessel wall with venipuncture in the same movement.

Technique: Using ultrasound guidance, controlled anesthetic instillation along the needle tract and outer vessel wall with a 21-G vascular access needle can be combined with vessel puncture. This technique reduces the number of skin punctures and ensures accurate anesthetic instillation. Read More

J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2019 01 31;33(1):162-165. Epub 2018 Jan 31.

Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT. Electronic address:

J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018 May 6;154:1-6. Epub 2018 Mar 6.

Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Szeged, H-6720, Hungary. Electronic address:

The application of local anesthetics, usually administered by subcutaneous injection, is common in the course of diagnostic, therapeutic, and cosmetic dermatology procedures. The effective dermal delivery of lidocaine could offer a solution to many adverse effects caused by needle insertion, such as pain, local reactions or toxicity, and additionally, it avoids the disruption of anatomical landmarks. Therefore, novel dermal formulations of local anesthetics are needed to overcome the barrier function of the skin and provide sufficient and prolonged anesthesia. Read More

Cureus 2017 Dec 16;9(12):e1955. Epub 2017 Dec 16.

Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon.

The overdiagnosis of thyroid malignancies may be contributing to the increased incidence of these cancers with a relatively stable mortality rate. We present the case of a man with known malignancies, who underwent biopsy of a suspicious thyroid nodule. This procedure was complicated by local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST). Read More