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Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019 Apr 8. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy.

Echinophora spinosa (Apiaceae) is a psammophilous species growing along Mediterranean coastal sand dunes. This species secretes essential oils made up of monoterpenoids, phenylpropanoids, and polyacetylenes, which may represent effective, eco-friendly and safe active ingredients for the preparation of green insecticides. Based on this, in the present study, we selected a French accession of E. Read More

Pestic Biochem Physiol 2019 Mar 29;155:108-118. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China. Electronic address:

The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a highly polyphagous pest which causes considerable economic losses to cotton and many vegetable crops. Tannins are among the most important secondary metabolites in cotton plants. We show that tannic acid enhances the toxic effect of chlorantraniliprole on S. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 May 22;173:482-493. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal. Electronic address:

Cholinesterases are frequent targets for toxic effects, namely by insecticides derived from phosphoric and carbamic acids. This effects allows the use of cholinesterase inhibition as a biomarker for contamination of aquatic environments by these specific chemical agents. However, cholinesterases are differently responsive to environmental contaminants, according to their different forms and locations. Read More

Malar J 2019 Feb 22;18(1):49. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Entomology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30329-4027, USA.

Background: Insecticide-based interventions play an integral role in malaria vector control. However, the continued spread of insecticide resistance threatens to undermine progress made thus far and may ultimately lead to operational failure of current control measures. Clothianidin and chlorfenapyr both have unique modes of action and have expanded the number of insecticide classes available to vector control programmes. Read More

Int J Nanomedicine 2019 30;14:875-888. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200030, China,

Background: Hydrogen sulfide (HS) has shown promising therapeutic benefits in reversing a variety of pathophysiological processes in cardiovascular system, including myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. However, the achievement of controlled and sustained release of HS has been a technical bottleneck that limits the clinical application of the gas molecule.

Methods: The current study describes the development of mesoporous iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONs) which were loaded with diallyl trisulfide (DATS), a HS donor compound, and calibrated by stimulated Raman scattering/transient absorption. Read More

Aquat Toxicol 2019 Apr 17;209:121-131. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, United States.

In recent decades, pyrethroid pesticides have been deemed a safer alternative to previously used pesticides. While some evidence supports this assumption in mammals and birds, exposure to certain pyrethroids can affect concentrations of hormones vital to reproduction in fish. Thus, we hypothesized that pyrethroid exposure impacts fish reproductive behavior and the expression of genes associated with reproduction. Read More

Pestic Biochem Physiol 2019 Feb 21;154:46-59. Epub 2018 Dec 21.

Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China. Electronic address:

When any living organism is frequently exposed to any drugs or toxic substances, they evolve different detoxification mechanism to confront with toxicants during absorption and metabolism. Likewise, the insects have evolved detoxification mechanisms as they are frequently exposed to different toxic secondary plant metabolites and commercial insecticides. ABC transporter superfamily is one of the largest and ubiquitous group of proteins which play an important role in phase III of the detoxification process. Read More

Pestic Biochem Physiol 2019 Feb 12;154:17-22. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Institute of Rural Health, Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Lublin, Poland; University of Information Technology and Management, Department of Medical Biology and Translational Research, Rzeszow, Poland. Electronic address:

Skin, the organ responsible for vitamin D synthesis, is fully exposed to many xenobiotics, e.g. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and pesticides. Read More

PLoS Genet 2019 02 14;15(2):e1007975. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America.

Chemicals that are highly prevalent in our environment, such as phthalates and pesticides, have been linked to problems associated with reproductive health. However, rapid assessment of their impact on reproductive health and understanding how they cause such deleterious effects, remain challenging due to their fast-growing numbers and the limitations of various current toxicity assessment model systems. Here, we performed a high-throughput screen in C. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2019 Feb 6;653:1426-1434. Epub 2018 Nov 6.

National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:

Deltamethrin (Del), an important broad-spectrum insecticide, is widely used in agricultural activities. However, Del is an effective reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducer that induces oxidative stress damage in cells or tissues. Del is significantly more toxic to aquatic organisms, especially crustaceans, than to mammals and birds. Read More

Pestic Biochem Physiol 2019 Jan 4;153:55-66. Epub 2018 Nov 4.

Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, PO Box 12613, Egypt. Electronic address:

The tetranortriterpenoid azadirachtin (Aza) is a well-known insect growth disruptor of plant origin. Although its actions on insects have been extensively studied; fragmentary reports are available from the immunological point of view. Therefore, in the present study, total (THC) and differential hemocyte counts (DHC), nodulation, phenoloxidase (PO) activity, immune-reactive lysozymes and inducible nitric oxide (NO) were assessed, as measures of immune responses, in Sarcophaga argyrostoma 3 instars challenged individually with M. Read More

Pestic Biochem Physiol 2019 Jan 3;153:47-54. Epub 2018 Nov 3.

Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China. Electronic address:

Lambda-cyhalothrin has long been recommended as an effective insecticide to control the oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker), a notorious migratory pest of agricultural plants. Previous researches have suggested that survival, development, and reproduction of insects are influenced by sublethal concentrations of insecticides. However, the effects of sublethal concentrations of lambda-cyhalothrin on M. Read More

Pestic Biochem Physiol 2019 Jan 12;153:17-27. Epub 2018 Oct 12.

Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil.

Lucilia cuprina, known as the Australian blowfly, is of high medico-sanitary and veterinary importance due to its ability to induce myiasis. Synthetic products are the most frequent form of fly control, but their indiscriminate use has selected for resistant populations and accounted for high levels of residues in animal products. This study aimed to assess the effect of essential oil from leaves of Curcuma longa (CLLEO), and its major compound α-phellandrene against L. Read More

Pestic Biochem Physiol 2019 Jan 8;153:161-170. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Department of Zoology, University College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695034, India. Electronic address:

Oryctes rhinoceros Linn. is one of the most serious pests of coconuts and other palms. Following bioassay guided method, a larvicidal compound, 22-hydroxyhopane has been isolated for the first time from methanol extract of leaves of Adiantum latifolium Lam. Read More

Pestic Biochem Physiol 2019 Jan 17;153:122-128. Epub 2018 Nov 17.

Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland.

Nowadays, Acrobasis advenella is considered a pest of the highest economic significance in black chokeberry plantations, negatively affecting the quantity and quality of fruits. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Satureja hortensis essential oil and its main constituent, carvacrol, on the life cycle and physiology of A. advenella. Read More

Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Apr 30;67:66-72. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Unidade Universitária de Aquidauana, Rodovia Aquidauana-UEMS Km 12, Cx Postal 25- CEP, 79200-000, Aquidauana, MS, Brazil.

Pantanal shrimp Macrobrachium pantanalense was exposed for 96 h to the cypermethrin-based formulation Barrage. Population-relevant endpoints (survival, swimming behavior) as well as histopathology of gills were analyzed. A 96 h-LC of 0. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 May 8;173:1-7. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Laboratorio de Microscopia Aplicada a Estudios Moleculares y Celulares, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos (UNER), Ruta 11 km 10, Oro Verde,3101, Entre Ríos, Argentina; IBB-CONICET-UNER, Argentina. Electronic address:

Cypermethrin (CYP) is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, used to control pests in domestic, industrial and agricultural environments. According to recent reports, it is one of the most common contaminants in freshwater aquatic systems. The aim of this study was to evaluate its potential genotoxic effect and the activation of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) systems of adult zebrafish gill cells after in vivo exposure. Read More

Environ Pollut 2019 Apr 29;247:783-791. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany. Electronic address:

Harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) in the North and Baltic Seas are exposed to anthropogenic influences including acoustic stress and environmental contaminants. In order to evaluate immune responses in healthy and diseased harbor porpoise cells, cytokine expression analyses and lymphocyte proliferation assays, together with toxicological analyses were performed in stranded and bycaught animals as well as in animals kept in permanent human care. Severely diseased harbor porpoises showed a reduced proliferative capacity of peripheral blood lymphocytes together with diminished transcription of transforming growth factor-β and tumor necrosis factor-α compared to healthy controls. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 May 30;172:186-193. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, China. Electronic address:

Fenvalerate (FEN), a representative type II pyrethroid, is a widely used pyrethroid insecticide and a potential environmental contaminant. Several studies demonstrated that gestational FEN exposure induced intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). However, the critical time window of FEN-induced fetal IUGR remains obscure. Read More

Pestic Biochem Physiol 2018 Oct 12;151:40-46. Epub 2018 Aug 12.

Emerging Pathogens Institute, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610-0009, USA. Electronic address:

This project focused on the design, synthesis, and testing of trifluoromethylphenyl amides (TFMPAs) as potential mosquitocides and repellents. Fourteen compounds were evaluated for toxicity against larvae and adults of Aedes aegypti. Several compounds were toxic against Aedes aegypti (larval, adult and feeding bioassays) and Drosophila melanogaster (glass-surface contact assay), but were much less toxic than fipronil, with toxicity ratios ranging from 100-fold in the larval assay to 100,000-fold for topical application to adult insects. Read More

Pestic Biochem Physiol 2018 Oct 15;151:3-9. Epub 2018 Jun 15.

Emerging Pathogens Institute, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA. Electronic address:

The present study focused on the toxicity of the aphid anti-feedant flonicamid and its main metabolite, 4-trifluoromethylnicotinamide (TFNA-AM) to Aedes aegypti and Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. The compounds were toxic to both species via topical application, resulting in un-coordinated locomotion and leg splaying, with a favorable An. gambiae LD value of 35 ng/mg for TFNA-AM, but no significant lethality to Ae. Read More

Life Sci 2019 Mar 26;220:76-83. Epub 2019 Jan 26.

Department of Toxicology, MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China. Electronic address:

Aims: Deltamethrin (DM), a type II synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, is widely used in agriculture and home pest control. The evaluation of their toxic effects is of major concern to public health. However, the molecular mechanism of DM-induced neurodegenerative disease is still far from clear. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 May 22;172:53-58. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 38810-000 Rio Paranaíba, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Electronic address:

Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is the main pest of coffee crops, and effective methods for pest management are needed urgently. Bioassays were conducted to assess the effects of the insecticide chlorantraniliprole on H. hampei adults. Read More

Environ Pollut 2019 Apr 9;247:165-171. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.

The frequent outbreaks of cyanobacteria bloom are often accompanied by the generation and release of reduced phosphorus species (e.g., phosphine), which raises interesting questions regarding their potential algae-related effects. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 Apr 18;171:854-862. Epub 2019 Jan 18.

University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine "Ion Ionescu de la Brad", Department of Molecular Biology, Histology and Embriology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 8, Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, 700489 Iasi, Romania.

In this study zebrafish specimens were exposed for 15 days to 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 μg L non-lethal concentrations of deltamethrin (DM) knowing that is the active compound in insecticides used on agricultural crops. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 Apr 16;171:721-727. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.

Use of insecticides for agricultural pest management have significant environmental impacts. Using integrated approaches to minimize the frequency of insecticide application by incorporating cultural control tactics can keep environmental hazards to the minimum. The alternate hosts of polyphagous pests have significant role in population development and success of chemical control. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 Apr 15;171:657-664. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China. Electronic address:

Pesticides are proposed as one of the many causes for the global decline in reptile population. To understand the potential impact of alpha-cypermethrin (ACP) in reptiles, in the current study, we used a tri-trophic food web (plants - herbivores - natural enemies of predators) to examine the reproductive toxicity and biomarker changes. Based on the Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) of ACP in several agricultural products, we designed three concentrations 0, 2 (MRL), and 20 mg/kg as three treatment groups for this research. Read More

Environ Pollut 2019 Apr 7;247:39-45. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

Department of Chemical Ecology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany. Electronic address:

Sublethal insecticide exposure poses risks for many non-target organisms and is a challenge for successful implementation of integrated pest management (IPM) programs. Next to detrimental effects of short-term insecticide exposure on fitness-related traits of organisms, also properties such as chemical signaling traits can be altered, which mediate intra- and interspecific communication. We investigated the effects of different durations of larval sublethal exposure to the pyrethroid lambda-cyhalothrin on performance traits of larvae and adults of the herbivorous mustard leaf beetle, Phaedon cochleariae. Read More

Acta Trop 2019 Mar 14;191:228-238. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Laboratorio de Investigación en Triatominos (LIT), Centro de Referencia de Vectores (CeReVe)-Programa Nacional de Chagas-Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Santa María de Punilla, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina. Electronic address:

The dispersal of insects is determinant in the colonization of new areas and the propagation of insecticide resistance. Nutritional status and reproductive characteristics determine the colonization capacity after the dispersal event. Studies about of the effects of dispersal on reproduction in triatomines are few and none in resistant insects. Read More

Chemosphere 2019 Apr 4;221:324-332. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.

Acute and chronic toxicity of the formamidine pesticide amitraz to the midge Chironomus riparius was assessed using conventional ecotoxicological tests and biochemical approaches (biomarkers). Amitraz is mainly used as an ectoparasiticide in veterinary medicine, but also in agriculture and apiculture. However, information of amitraz toxicity to non-target invertebrates is limited. Read More

Chemosphere 2019 Apr 4;221:30-36. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, TR-25030 Erzurum, Turkey. Electronic address:

The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of N-acetylcystein (NAC) against oxidative stress induced by Cypermethrin pesticide in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The experiment was designed as 5 groups (A, B, C, D, and E). Group A was organized as control group and had no treatment. Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019 Feb 6;26(6):5842-5850. Epub 2019 Jan 6.

Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Santa Catarina State University, Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680-E, Chapecó, SC, 89815-630, Brazil.

The cattle production in Brazil has increased considerably in the last years, mainly due to the control of parasite infestation of the animals, which cause loss of productivity to the sector. Fluazuron is an active ingredient (a.i. Read More

Chemosphere 2019 Apr 28;220:766-773. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China. Electronic address:

Cypermethrin (CP) is a kind of chiral pesticides that has been defined as endocrine disrupting chemical. The diversity in bioactivity, toxicity, metabolism, bioaccumulation, and degradation behaviors of CP enantiomers as well as the research deficiency had made the risk assessment of CP enantiomers very complicated. Herein, four CP enantiomers were separated as target chemicals to investigate their enantioselective endocrine disrupting effects. Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019 Feb 4;26(6):5514-5523. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Pathogen-Host Interface Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.

Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus are vectors of diseases that constitute public health problems. The discovery of products capable of inhibiting their development which are less harmful to the environment would have a huge impact on vector control. Here, natural cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), technical CNSL, anacardic acid, cardanol, and cardol were isolated from Anacardium occidentale and evaluated for larvicidal and pupicidal activity against Ae. Read More

J Plant Res 2019 Jan 3;132(1):81-91. Epub 2019 Jan 3.

Laboratorio de Fisiología y Química Vegetal, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Libramiento Norte Poniente 1150, Col. Lajas Maciel, CP 29039, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico.

The seeds of Annona macroprophyllata Donn. Sm. contain idioblasts with toxic acetogenins, including laherradurin and rolliniastatin-2, in relatively high proportions. Read More

Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Feb 21;66:62-68. Epub 2018 Dec 21.

Aquatic Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.

With the known facts of deltamethrin toxicity in aquaculture, efforts have been made to ameliorate its toxicity with supplementation of Silybum marianum plant extract in Cyprinus carpio. For validating its efficacy, standard techniques of histopathology, anti-oxidant profile and RAPD-PCR were used. By performing acute toxicity bioassay, 96 h LC of the pesticide to C. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 Mar 30;169:928-936. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Insect Toxicology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China. Electronic address:

In this work, we firstly tested five spatial repellent pyrethroids, meperfluthrin, dimefluthrin, heptafluthrin, metofluthrin and transfluthrin, to determine the susceptibility of pyrethroids to field strains of Culex quinquefasciatus using adult topical bioassay. The results showed that though field strains exhibited the highest resistance to dimefluthrin among the selected five pyrethroids, it still can be considered low resistance in the scale of Cui et al. (2006; 2007). Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 Mar 29;169:829-836. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China. Electronic address:

Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is often used as chlorinated hydrocarbon herbicides and insecticides, which has been suggested that toxicity of carcinogenic effect, teratogenic effect and reproductive system. However, there was still precious known about the underlying molecular mechanism of PCP on mammalian early development. To explore the developmental toxicity of PCP and its potential mechanism, pregnancy ICR mice except controls were exposed to PCP (0. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 Mar 29;169:807-813. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, NO.19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China. Electronic address:

In this work, the essential oils (EO) were extracted from seven typical Chinese herbs, and their repellent and contact toxicities against Tribolium castaneum adults (red flour beetles) were evaluated. The experimental results showed that the above EOs presented the various levels of repellent and contact toxicities. The EOs extracted from A. Read More

Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Feb 19;66:1-6. Epub 2018 Dec 19.

Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Detection and Prevention in Panxi District, Xichang University, Xichang, 415000, China. Electronic address:

In the present study, the status of antioxidant response and molecular regulation in Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis under the exposure of synthetic pyrethroid deltamethrin were investigated by means of measuring the antioxidative enzyme activity and relative mRNA expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in hepatopancreas. The results showed that activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) decreased remarkably in all treatments except the SOD activity at concentration of 0.073 μg/L. Read More

Aquat Toxicol 2019 Feb 14;207:187-196. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg, Denmark. Electronic address:

The ability of azole fungicides to inhibit cytochrome P450 dependent metabolism is proposed to be the main mechanism for their synergizing effect on pyrethroid insecticide toxicity in aquatic invertebrates. This study investigates the correlation between inhibition strength and synergistic potential of azole fungicides in the crustacean Daphnia magna and the insect larvae Chironomus riparius. Inhibition strength was measured in vivo toward the cytochrome P450 catalysed conversion of 7-ethoxycoumarin to 7-hydroxycoumarin (ECOD). Read More

Environ Toxicol 2019 Mar 21;34(3):283-293. Epub 2018 Dec 21.

Department of Biology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.

Metallothionein is well known for its detoxificant and anti-oxidant properties and has been shown to be effective to prevent hydroxyl radical-generated DNA degradation. The purpose of this investigation was to analyze the combined effect of two factors promoting cellular oxidative-stress, that is, the administration of the pesticide dichloro-diphenyl-dichloroethylene (DDE) and a high fat diet, on metallothionein expression and synthesis in rat liver and kidney. DDE is the main metabolite of dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT), and is commonly found in the food chain and in all tissues of living organisms, carried by the fats. Read More

Chemosphere 2019 Mar 6;219:526-537. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79416, USA.

Pyrethroids are potent neurotoxicants that may elicit multiple pathways of toxicity in non-target organisms. Comparative studies on the mechanistic and developmental effects of types I and II pyrethroids against non-target aquatic species are limited. This study assessed the effects of the two pyrethroid types against embryo-larval zebrafish (Danio rerio) at environmentally relevant and laboratory concentrations. Read More

Pest Manag Sci 2019 Apr 30;75(4):1190-1197. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

FMC Agricultural Solutions, Global Regulatory Sciences, Ewing, NJ, USA.

Background: Bifenthrin is usually considered a Type I pyrethroid, because it lacks an α-CN group present in Type II pyrethroids, but some previous studies suggest a mixed Type I/II mode-of-action. Results are presented for bifenthrin in a rat developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) study along with effects on Na currents in human VGSC subtypes. Molecular modeling comparisons were also made for bifenthrin and other pyrethroids. Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019 Feb 11;26(4):3723-3730. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia.

Triflumuron (TFM) is one of the most widely used insecticides over the world. It is a benzoylphenyl urea that belongs to the class of insect growth regulators. This insecticide acts by inhibiting insect's chitin synthesis and by consequences, making insect more susceptible to pathogens and malformations. Read More

Chemosphere 2019 Mar 5;219:155-164. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. Electronic address:

Deltamethrin is widely used because of its low toxicity and high efficiency. Although its potential toxicity has been reported, its effects on cardiovascular system and motor behavior and its underlying mechanisms have remained unclear. In this study, the effects of deltamethrin on the development, cardiovascular system and motor behavior of zebrafish larvae and their possible mechanisms were evaluated using the transgenic zebrafish Tg (kdrl:mCherry) and Tg(myl7:GFP). Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019 Feb 8;26(4):3659-3665. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Department of Zoology, Science College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

The ubiquitous use of diazinon (DZN, an organophosphorus insecticide) has increased the probability of occupational, public, and the ecosystem exposure; these exposures are linked to negative health outcomes. The flavonoids curcumin (CUR) and quercetin (QUE) exert significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities against toxicants, including insecticides. However, it is unclear whether their combination enhances these activities. Read More

Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Jan 23;65:40-45. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

Zoetis, Inc., Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Kalamazoo, MI, 49007, USA.

Amitraz is an acaricide and insecticide widely used in agriculture and veterinary medicine. Although central nervous system (CNS) toxicity is one of major toxicities following oral ingestion of amitraz, the understanding of the cause of the toxicity is limited. This study evaluated the systemic and brain exposure of amitraz and its major metabolites, BTS27271, 2',4'-formoxylidide, and 2,4-dimethylaniline following administration of amitraz in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 Mar 28;169:730-736. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology and Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China. Electronic address:

The compound 1,3-D (1,3-dichloropropene) is a potential candidate soil fumigant due to the restrictions on methyl bromide (MB). To date, little is known about the soil microbial community changes induced by 1,3-D fumigation. Therefore, soil properties, related soil enzymes, genes encoding the key enzymes of ammonia oxidation in both ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacterial diversity were investigated to assess the effects of 1,3-D fumigation on the soil microbial community. Read More

Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Jan 23;65:31-39. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

Laboratory for Ecotoxicology - LECOTOX, Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg D. Obradovica 2, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia.

Physiological responses of bacterial, fish, rat and human hepatoma cells to the technical cypermethrin (AS), cypermethrin-based plant protection product (PPP), and the major co-formulant (solvent) were compared. The endpoints included: bioluminescence, total protein content, activity of mitochondrial dehydrogenase and cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes CYP1A and CYP1B, and expression of several genes encoding different CYP enzyme isoforms. Toxicity of PPP was compared with the toxicity predicted using concentration addition model. Read More