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Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019 Feb 18. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

College of Geography and Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Human-Nature and Green Development in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China.

Fish are important in constructed wetland (CW) ecosystem. An 80-day experiment was conducted by exposing juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) to 0, 0.5, 2. Read More

Chemosphere 2019 Feb 12;223:157-164. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Instituto de Pesca - APTA- Secretaria da Agricultura e Abastecimento do Governo do Estado de São Paulo, Cananéia, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address:

Graphene oxide (GO) has been evaluated for application in environmental remediation and pollution control strategies. However, the side effects caused by the interactions of GO with classical pollutants in aquatic environments are still largely unknown. In this work, the ecotoxicological effects of GO, cadmium, zinc and the interactions between GO and these trace elements (co-exposure) were evaluated through acute toxicity tests and routine metabolism (i. Read More

J Environ Manage 2019 Feb 15;236:798-814. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Sustainable Industrials Systems, School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.

Consumers are the leading producers of food waste (FW) in developed countries and the majority of household FW is still embedded in general waste where it is incinerated or landfilled. There is increasing awareness in the value of collecting FW as a separate waste stream for production of compost or recovery of energy through anaerobic digestion (AD). This study focuses on AD to evaluate the life cycle environmental sustainability of recovering energy and fertilisers from household FW in the UK. Read More

Pharm Dev Technol 2019 Feb 18:1-33. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

c Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products , National Research Centre , Dokki , Cairo 12622 , Egypt .

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) is a member of family Apiaceae. Trans-anethole, the major component of Fennel essential oil (FEO), possesses antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects. Read More

Plants (Basel) 2019 Feb 14;8(2). Epub 2019 Feb 14.

ICAAM-Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal.

The aims of this study were to isolate, identify and characterize culturable endophytic bacteria from chickpea ( L.) roots grown in different soils. In addition, the effects of rhizobial inoculation, soil and stress on the functionality of those culturable endophytic bacterial communities were also investigated. Read More

Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Dunav -2 Street, 1000 Sofia. Bulgaria.

Background: The accidental discovery of cisplatin's growth-inhibiting properties a few decades ago led to resurgence of interest in metal-based chemotherapeutics. A number of well-discussed factors such as severe systemic toxicity and unfavourable physicochemical properties further limit the clinical application of the platinating agents. Great efforts have been placed in the development of alternative platinum derivatives with an extended antitumor spectrum and amended toxicity profile as compared to the reference drug cisplatin. Read More

Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Feb 2;67:73-78. Epub 2019 Feb 2.

National Institute of Fisheries Science, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Fisheries Research & Devlopment Institute, Taean, 32132, Republic of Korea.

Juvenile Paralichthys olivaceus (mean length 7.29 ± 0.59 cm, mean weight 2. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2019 Apr 3;660:974-981. Epub 2019 Jan 3.

GEMMA - Environmental Engineering and Microbiology Research Group, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address:

Microalgal-based wastewater treatment plants are conceived as low cost and low energy consuming systems. The operation of these plants involves the management of primary sludge and microalgal biomass. The aim of this study is to analyse the anaerobic co-digestion of both by-products in terms of biogas production and contaminants of emerging concern removal. Read More

J Colloid Interface Sci 2019 Apr 28;541:425-433. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Centro de Estudos do Mar, Pontal do Paraná/PR - Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Brazil. Electronic address:

This paper reports the use of two layered hydroxide salts (LHS) (zinc hydroxide nitrate - ZHN - Zn(OH)(NO)·2HO, and zinc hydroxide chloride - ZHC - Zn(OH)Cl·HO) as catalysts for brilliant green (BG) organic dye bleaching, using hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. The LHS were prepared by precipitation reaction between an aqueous solution of zinc salts and an aqueous ammonia solution. The solids were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), ultraviolet-visible electronic spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Read More

Photosynth Res 2019 Jan 29. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Laboratório de Metabolismo de Plantas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Humberto Monte 2825, Campus do Pici, Bl. 907, CP 6020, Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP 60451-970, Brazil.

Mechanisms involving ammonium toxicity, excess light, and photosynthesis are scarcely known in plants. We tested the hypothesis that high NH supply in presence of high light decreases photosynthetic efficiency of rice plants, an allegedly tolerant species. Mature rice plants were previously supplied with 10 mM NH or 10 mM NO and subsequently exposed to 400 µmol m s (moderate light-ML) or 2000 µmol m s (high light-HL) for 8 h. Read More

Infect Immun 2019 Jan 28. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

VacA is a secreted pore-forming toxin that induces cell vacuolation and contributes to the pathogenesis of gastric cancer and peptic ulcer disease. We observed that purified VacA has relatively little effect on the viability of AGS gastric epithelial cells, but the presence of exogenous weak bases such as ammonium chloride (NHCl) enhances the susceptibility of these cells to VacA-induced vacuolation and cell death. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that NHCl augments VacA toxicity by altering the intracellular trafficking of VacA or inhibiting intracellular VacA degradation. Read More

Environ Technol 2019 Jan 24:1-8. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

a College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology , Chengdu , People's Republic of China.

A biosurfactant was harvested from anaerobically digested swine wastewater (ADSW) and employed to enhance ammonia removal in a comparative study using two multiple soil layer bioreactors (MSLs). Results showed that toxicity of the biosurfactant to microorganisms was negligible within the experimental concentration range. Optimal dose of the biosurfactant in MSLs to remove ammonia from ADSW was 0. Read More

Environ Toxicol Chem 2019 Jan 24. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Supervising Scientist Branch, Department of the Environment and Energy, GPO Box 461, Darwin, NT, 0801, Australia.

Freshwater mussels play key roles in aquatic ecosystems, but are experiencing a global decline. Although studies have reported high acute sensitivity of mussels to some contaminants, there is a lack of chronic toxicity data available for deriving high reliability water quality guideline values (GVs). Ammonia is a contaminant of potential concern in some catchments of tropical northern Australia, where freshwater mussels are important ecological and cultural components. Read More

Dalton Trans 2019 Jan 23. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

Four cobalt(iii) complexes of the general formula [Co(Schiff base)(L)2]+, where L is ammonia (NH3) or 3-fluorobenzylamine (3F-BnNH2), were synthesized. The complexes were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystallography. Their electrochemical properties, ligand substitution mechanisms, and ligand exchange rates in aqueous buffer were investigated. Read More

World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019 Jan 21;35(2):26. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan.

The topics of Construction Biotechnology are the development of construction biomaterials and construction biotechnologies for soil biocementation, biogrouting, biodesaturation, bioaggregation and biocoating. There are known different biochemical types of these biotechnologies. The most popular construction biotechnology is based on precipitation of calcium carbonate initiated by enzymatic hydrolysis of urea which follows with release of ammonia and ammonium to environment. Read More

J Environ Sci (China) 2019 Apr 29;78:204-214. Epub 2018 Sep 29.

Department of Civil Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA. Electronic address:

Chloramines, in practice, are formed onsite by adding ammonia to chlorinated drinking water to achieve the required disinfection. While regulated disinfection byproducts (DBPs) are reduced during chloramine disinfection, other DBPs such as iodinated (iodo-) DBPs, that elicit greater toxicity are formed. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of prechlorination time on the formation of both halogen-specific total organic halogen (TOX) and iodo/chlorinated (chloro-) DBPs during prechlorination/chloramination in source waters (SWs) containing iopamidol, an X-ray contrast medium. Read More

Environ Monit Assess 2019 Jan 19;191(2):87. Epub 2019 Jan 19.

National Institute of Oceanography (NIO), Regional Centre - Mumbai, Andheri (W), Mumbai, 400 053, India.

Veraval, one of Asia's largest fishing harbours, situated on the south-west coast of Gujarat, India, has transformed into an industrial hub dominated by fish processing units, rayon manufacturing industry, and transportation facilities. The study investigated the high abundance of Tetraspora gelatinosa along with the augmented level of ammonia in the harbour. The high concentration of ammonia was associated with the accumulation of sewage, industrial, and fishery wastes in the harbour. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 Apr 16;171:665-676. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Deakin University, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Integrative Ecology, Geelong, Australia. Electronic address:

A key question to be asked when developing regional water quality criteria with scarce toxicity data is whether such data need to be locally derived. To address this, ammonia toxicity data from local aquatic species in the Liao River were compared against data from species native and non-native to China, based on comparisons of the overall trends of species sensitivity distributions and derived water quality criteria. Liao River data were acquired by acute and chronic tests using five local freshwater invertebrate species, and then compiled alongside published data from Chinese national guidelines and international literature. Read More

Recent Pat Biotechnol 2019 Jan 18. Epub 2019 Jan 18.

Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad. Iran.

Background: The green synthesizing procedure of Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been performed through the usage of a natural polysaccharide; Arabic gum (AG) as a stabilizing/capping agent. For characterization of AgNPs, TEM, particle size analyzer and UV-Vis were used.

Methods: The aim of our project was to identify biosynthesized AgNPs for sensing ammonia and to explore its toxicity on Neuro-2A cells. Read More

Nat Commun 2019 01 14;10(1):201. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin's Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, 300060, Tianjin, China.

Under hypoxia, most of glucose is converted to secretory lactate, which leads to the overuse of glutamine-carbon. However, under such a condition how glutamine nitrogen is disposed to avoid over-accumulating ammonia remains to be determined. Here we identify a metabolic flux of glutamine to secretory dihydroorotate, which is indispensable to glutamine-carbon metabolism under hypoxia. Read More

Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019 Jan 9. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.

Toxicity data for tropical species are often lacking for deriving water quality guidelines (WQGs) and for conducting ecological risk assessment (ERA). To protect and safeguard valuable natural resources and important biodiversity in tropical freshwater ecosystems, a sound framework should be established to assess and manage the ecological risk of an ever-increasing number of chemicals that occur in the tropics. The present study aims to provide a more up-to-date comparison of the species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) between temperate and tropical freshwater species, by incorporating more acute toxicity data which have been documented. Read More

Nanoscale 2019 Jan;11(4):1710-1719

MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.

Microwave irradiation is a powerful non-invasive approach for treating deep-seated diseases in a clinical setting. Pulsed microwave-induced thermoacoustic cavitation allows precise cancer treatment with microwave-absorbing materials. This differs from the traditional continuous microwave-induced thermotherapy which may be harmful to off-target tissues. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019 01 5;1:CD011451. Epub 2019 Jan 5.

Iberoamerican Cochrane Network, Valencia, Venezuela.

Background: Hepatic encephalopathy is a common and devastating neuropsychiatric complication of acute liver failure or chronic liver disease. Ammonia content in the blood seems to play a role in the development of hepatic encephalopathy. Treatment for hepatic encephalopathy is complex. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 Apr 31;171:162-172. Epub 2018 Dec 31.

São Paulo State University, São Vicente, SP, Brazil.

This study aimed to evaluate the sediment quality in a Ramsar site located in the Southeast Brazil, by using several lines of evidence (LOEs). Chemical and sedimentological analyses, ecotoxicological tests, and whole-sediment Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE) were performed. The sediments were predominantly composed of fine sands and muds. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 Apr 28;171:84-91. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.

In this study, we estimated the toxicity risks from river sediments that were affected by multiple pollutants in the Haihe River Basin. We used a range of methods to determine the concentrations, bioavailability, and toxicity of a range of metals and contaminants in sediments and sediment porewater and then assessed the ecological risks and toxicity using various multivariate statistical approaches. We found that more than 70% of the samples were toxic. Read More

Environ Monit Assess 2018 Dec 28;191(1):44. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

Ecotoxicology and Conservation Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Lagos, Akoka, 101017, Nigeria.

The discharge of untreated effluents into aquatic ecosystems poses potential adverse effects to aquatic organisms. In this study, the physico-chemical characteristics of abattoir effluent from Kara Cow Market, Ogun State, Nigeria, surface water and sediments from the Ogun River were evaluated. Fish species and macrobenthic fauna diversity in the river were also examined. Read More

Microbiology 2019 Feb 19;165(2):197-207. Epub 2018 Dec 19.

Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.

The human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus produces saturated fatty acids, but can incorporate both exogenous saturated and unsaturated fatty acids into its lipid membrane. S. aureus encounters unsaturated fatty acids in the host skin where they serve as an innate immune defence due to their toxicity. Read More

Front Microbiol 2018 4;9:2745. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Crop Sciences, Postharvest Technology Group, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa.

Chitosan is a natural biopolymer from crab shells that is known for its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and bioactivity. In human medicine, chitosan is used as a stabilizer for active ingredients in tablets, and is popular in slimming diets. Due to its low toxicity, it was the first basic substance approved by the European Union for plant protection (Reg. Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019 Feb 17;26(5):4605-4617. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Núcleo de Estudos em Poluição e Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Pça. Infante D. Henrique s/n°, São Vicente, SP, 11330-900, Brazil.

Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) aim to protect habitats, biodiversity, and ecological processes as a conservation tool. These areas have been affected by contamination, which threats the biodiversity and ecological functioning. In this study, we evaluated the sediment quality of Xixová-Japuí State Park (XJSP), an MPA located in an urbanized Bay (Santos, Southeast Brazil) by integrating multiple lines-of-evidence. Read More

Fish Physiol Biochem 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Biochemical Adaptation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793022, India.

Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signalling molecule that plays diverse physiological functions in several vertebrates including that of adaptation to various stressful stimuli. The air-breathing magur catfish (Clarias magur) is known to tolerate a very high external ammonia (HEA) stress in its natural habitats. We report here the possible induction of inducible nitric oxide (inos) gene and more generation of NO in magur catfish exposed to HEA. Read More

Aquat Toxicol 2019 Feb 30;207:72-82. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries, University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, 1200 North University Drive, Pine Bluff, 71601, AR, USA. Electronic address:

Waterborne ammonia is an environmental pollutant that is toxic to all aquatic animals. However, ammonia induced toxicity as well as compensatory mechanisms to defend against high environmental ammonia (HEA) are not well documented at present for largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), a high value fish for culture and sport fisheries in the United States. To provide primary information on the sensitivity of this species to ammonia toxicity, a 96 h-LC test was conducted. Read More

Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Jan 3;65:46-52. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Biology School of Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China.

Ammonia nitrogen exposure has been found to significantly increase the early apoptosis rates of gill cells, affect the contents of ATP and disturb expressions of calcium-related genes in clam Ruditapes philippinarum. Mitochondria are the centers for energy production, initiation of apoptosis and calcium signal regulation. It is hypothesized that gill mitochondrion is a target organelle for the ammonia nitrogen. Read More

J Environ Sci (China) 2019 Feb 14;76:319-328. Epub 2018 Jun 14.

State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. Electronic address:

The condition of Baiyangdian Lake (BYDL) will improve as the Xiongan New Area evolves and fulfills its role of easing overcrowding and supporting economic growth. Water and sediment samples from BYDL were analyzed to provide information on nitrogen (N) contamination in BYDL. The mean ammonium N (NH-N), nitrate N, and total N concentrations in the water samples were 0. Read More

Waste Manag 2018 Dec 30;82:276-284. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Xanthi, Greece. Electronic address:

Poultry manure (PM) can contain ammonium and ammonia nitrogen, which may inhibit the anaerobic process. The aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of anaerobic digestion of PM co-digested with fruit and vegetable waste. Two semi-continuous bench scale (19L) stirred tank reactors were used. Read More

Waste Manag 2018 Dec 28;82:231-240. Epub 2018 Oct 28.

Department of Science, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland.

Extremely high volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and ammonia concentrations can accumulate during dry co-digestion of organic wastes, which may inactivate pathogenic microorganisms. In this study, inactivation of Salmonella during dry co-digestion of pig manure (PM) and food waste (FW), which are both reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens, was examined. The effects of pH, VFAs, ammonia and their interactions were assessed on three inoculated Salmonella serotypes. Read More

Chem Biol Interact 2019 Feb 28;299:111-119. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a serious neuropsychiatric syndrome due to either acute or chronic hepatic failure. This study aimed to investigate the possible neuroprotective effect of chrysin, a natural flavenoid on thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatic encephalopathy in rats. Also the effect of chrysin on motor impairment, cognitive deficits, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, apoptosis and histopathological damage was assessed. Read More

Arch Toxicol 2019 Feb 22;93(2):369-383. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Dept. Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany.

The antihistaminic drug methapyrilene was withdrawn from the market in 1979 because of hepatocarcinogenicity in rats. Since then, the drug has been used as a model hepatotoxin especially for transcriptomic analyses using material from in vivo studies. Much less transcriptomics data are available from in vitro studies, and no studies have investigated proteomic effects of methapyrilene in vitro. Read More

Waste Manag 2018 Oct 25;80:339-348. Epub 2018 Sep 25.

School of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. 149 Athos da Silveira Ramos Avenue, Room E206, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

Combined treatment of urban solid waste leachate and domestic sewage has emerged in Brazil and worldwide as an alternative to minimize the difficulties of treating landfill leachate. Landfill leachate is a complex matrix of organic and inorganic substances, recalcitrant material and xenobiotic organic compounds that are considered to be highly toxic, as well as endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC) that contribute to increased estrogenic activity. Although combined treatment is feasible for removal of organic matter, ammonia and toxicity, the efficiency of the removal of estrogenic substance is poorly investigated. Read More

Waste Manag 2018 Oct 17;80:218-223. Epub 2018 Sep 17.

School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

This work evaluated the toxicity of ammonia toward mesophilic methanogenic microflora, with respect to the acclimation and pH. Microflora acclimated to total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentrations of 1.0-2. Read More

Bioresour Technol 2019 Feb 7;273:203-211. Epub 2018 Nov 7.

MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China; Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.

Ammonia toxicity is a major disadvantage of microalgal growth when high-strength ammonium wastewaters like manure-free piggery wastewater (MFPW) were used as microalgal growth medium. In the present study, the effect of ammonium concentration, carbon/nitrogen ratio, and pH on ammonia toxicity of Chlorella vulgaris cultivated in the MFPW and nutrients removal was investigated. The three important parameters affected ammonia toxicity of C. Read More

Environ Toxicol Chem 2019 Jan 20;38(1):177-189. Epub 2018 Dec 20.

Environmental Research Institute of the Supervising Scientist, Australian Government Department of the Environment and Energy, Darwin, Norther Territory, Australia.

The chronic toxicity of ammonia to tropical freshwater species is understudied, and thus data on temperate species have been used to derive water quality guideline values for tropical regions. Such practices may lead to underprotective guideline values due to differences in toxicities observed between tropical and temperate species. In addition, the presence of ammonia in low-ionic-strength waters may also result in higher toxicity, and studies on this factor are limited. Read More

Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2018 Jul;2018:4209-4212

Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) present an innovative, clean and practical way of producing fish intensively. Stress caused by high concentrations of chemical species such as nitrite and un-ionized ammonia, affects fish health and growth and therefore the sustainability of RAS would require an online monitoring for those chemical stressors. This work reveals a study on the suitability of Aliivibrio fischeri as a toxicity sensor for un-ionized ammonia and nitrite. Read More

Life Sci 2018 Dec 1;215:11-21. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. Electronic address:

Aims: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome. Paracetamol (APAP) causes, in high doses, a hepatic injury. Alogliptin (ALO), with its 100% oral bioavailability, may be able to reverse the acute hepatic injury and memory impairments. Read More

Molecules 2018 Oct 29;23(11). Epub 2018 Oct 29.

College Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.

Swelling of retinal Müller cells is implicated in retinal edema and neuronal degeneration. Müller cell swelling is observed in patients with liver failure and is referred to as hepatic retinopathy. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of aloin, an anthraquinone-C-glycoside present in various species, on Müller cell dysfunction in a rat model of thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatic retinopathy. Read More

J Vet Res 2018 Jun 24;62(2):183-191. Epub 2018 Oct 24.

Department of Hygiene of Animal Feedingstuffs, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.

Introduction: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are secondary metabolites produced by many plant species. Due to their toxicity PAs can pose a risk to human and animal health. To detect the toxic compounds in feed materials a sensitive method based on liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry has been developed. Read More

Mol Biol Rep 2018 Dec 23;45(6):2631-2639. Epub 2018 Oct 23.

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.

This work investigated the preventive effect of diphenyl diselenide [(PhSe)] against the toxic effects of mercury in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). The animals were treated during 30 consecutive days with a (PhSe) supplemented feed (3.0 mg kg) or commercial feed. Read More

J Environ Sci (China) 2018 Dec 7;74:19-31. Epub 2018 Feb 7.

Earth System Science and Technology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-Koen Kasuga, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan.

Nowadays, trends in wastewater treatment by zero-valent iron (ZVI) were turned to use bimetallic NZVI particles by planting another metal onto the ZVI surface to increase its reactivity. Nano size zero-valent iron/copper (NZVI/Cu) bimetallic particles were synthesized in order to examine its toxicity effects on the wastewater microbial life, kinetics of phosphorus, ammonia stripping and the reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD). Various concentrations of NZVI/Cu and operation conditions both aerobic and anaerobic were investigated and compared with pure NZVI experiment. Read More

Bioresour Technol 2019 Jan 26;272:54-62. Epub 2018 Sep 26.

Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet Bygning 115, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.

Different mesophilic and thermophilic methanogenic consortia were acclimatised and enriched to extreme total ammonia (9.0 and 5.0 g NH-N L, respectively) and free ammonia (1. Read More

Toxicol Lett 2018 Dec 9;299:191-200. Epub 2018 Oct 9.

Department of Biochemistry, Maringá University, 87020900 Maringá, Brazil. Electronic address:

A study of the effects of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) on the hepatic metabolism was conducted with emphasis on parameters linked to energy metabolism and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production. The experimental systems were the isolated perfused rat liver and isolated mitochondria. It was found that BHA inhibits biosynthetic pathways (gluconeogenesis) and ammonia detoxification, which are dependent on ATP generated within the mitochondria. Read More