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Pharmaceutics 2020 May 24;12(5). Epub 2020 May 24.

Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical Industries Researches Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12311, Egypt.

Lichens have recently received great attention due to their pharmacological potentials. The antigenotoxic potential of extract (25 and 50 µg/mL) was assessed in normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBL) against Mitomycin C (MMC) co-treatments. Flow cytometric analyses of cell cycle distribution, as well as apoptosis (Annexin V/PI), revealed that the extract had significantly ( ≤ 0. Read More

Pestic Biochem Physiol 2020 Jun 6;166:104562. Epub 2020 Mar 6.

Department of Biointeractions and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK. Electronic address:

The buff-tailed bumblebee, Bombus terrestris audax is an important pollinator within both landscape ecosystems and agricultural crops. During their lifetime bumblebees are regularly challenged by various environmental stressors including insecticides. Historically the honey bee (Apis mellifera spp. Read More

Adv Mater 2020 May 8:e2000660. Epub 2020 May 8.

The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.

Phase-change materials (PCMs) have emerged as a novel class of thermo-responsive materials for controlled release, where the payloads encapsulated in a solid matrix are released only upon melting the PCM to trigger a solid-to-liquid phase transition. Herein, the advances over the past 10 years in utilizing PCMs as a versatile platform for the encapsulation and release of various types of therapeutic agents and biological effectors are highlighted. A brief introduction to PCMs in the context of desired properties for controlled release and related applications is provided. Read More

J Pharm Sci 2020 Apr 27. Epub 2020 Apr 27.

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA. Electronic address:

This review provides insight into the use of boric acid as a pharmaceutical, a buffer, and an adjuvant/excipient in pharmaceutical formulations. Boric acid is a Lewis acid with a pKa of 8.92-9. Read More

Water Sci Technol 2020 Jan;81(2):383-394

Civil Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Ayazağa Campus, İstanbul 34469, Turkey E-mail:

In this study, sulfate radical-based oxidation of an alcohol ethoxylate (AE) was explored by the persulfate (PS)/UV-C process. Poly(oxyethylene)(4)laurylether, commercially known as Brij30, was used as a model AE. PS/UV-C oxidation of aqueous Brij30 (8-20 mg/L) was performed at initial PS concentrations varying between 0. Read More

Bioresour Technol 2020 Jul 27;308:123259. Epub 2020 Mar 27.

Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai 600062, India.

In the present investigation, recovery of malic acid from the fermentation broth was performed by using in situ reactive extraction method employing different combination of amine and solvent systems. Totally six solvent mixtures were tested for toxicity on Aspergillus niger PJR1. Further, effect of solvent mixture concentration on separation of malic acid was investigated. Read More

Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020 20;10:118. Epub 2020 Mar 20.

Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, MOH, Shanghai, China.

Echinococcosis is a serious helminthic zoonosis with a great impact on human health and livestock husbandry. However, the clinically used drugs (benzimidazoles) have a low cure rate, so alternative drugs are urgently needed. Currently, drug screenings for echinococcosis are mainly phenotype-based, and the efficiency of identifying active compounds is very low. Read More

Mutat Res 2020 04 12;852:503168. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, Serbia; University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Science, Department of Genetics, Serbia. Electronic address:

A large number of species belonging to the genus Teucrium are used in pharmacy and traditional medicine for the treatment of different diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the polyphenolic composition as well as genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of methanolic extracts from T. arduini and T. Read More

Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020 Feb;36(1):115-119

Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.

Abstract: Aconitum is one of the most widely used Chinese herbal medicines, and aconitine is the major toxic component in it. Aconitine can induce a variety of arrhythmias, resulting in death. Acute ethanol consumption causes arrhythmia as well. Read More

Nature 2020 03;579(7800):499-500

Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020 Mar 23;10(3). Epub 2020 Mar 23.

Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.

In spite of great developments in the agricultural field and plant productivity in the last decades, the concern about the control of agricultural pests is still continuous. However, pest management is expected to have more effects from nanomaterials by providing innovative solutions. The current study confirms the biotransformation of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) using a cell-free culture extract of metal copper-resistant bacteria MAL2, which was isolated from heavy metal-contaminated soils collected from Sharqia Governorate, Egypt. Read More

Chem Biol Interact 2020 May 18;323:109057. Epub 2020 Mar 18.

Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address:

Runx2 (Runt-related transcription factor 2) is a key transcription factor which is associated with osteoblast differentiation and expressed in ER+ (estrogen receptor positive) human breast cancer cell lines. Runx2 also participates in mammary gland development. Deregulation of RNA Pol III genes (polymerase III-dependent genes) is tightly linked to tumor development, while Brf1 (TFIIB-related factor 1) specifically regulates these gene transcription. Read More

Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020 Jul 12;1865(7):158681. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America. Electronic address:

Long-chain fatty aldehydes are present in low concentrations in mammalian cells and serve as intermediates in the interconversion between fatty acids and fatty alcohols. The long-chain fatty aldehydes are generated by enzymatic hydrolysis of 1-alkyl-, and 1-alkenyl-glycerophospholipids by alkylglycerol monooxygenase, plasmalogenase or lysoplasmalogenase while hydrolysis of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) by S1P lyase generates trans ∆2-hexadecenal (∆2-HDE). Additionally, 2-chloro-, and 2-bromo- fatty aldehydes are produced from plasmalogens or lysoplasmalogens by hypochlorous, and hypobromous acid generated by activated neutrophils and eosinophils, respectively while 2-iodofatty aldehydes are produced by excess iodine in thyroid glands. Read More

PLoS One 2020 11;15(3):e0227784. Epub 2020 Mar 11.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Pleural empyema is an inflammatory condition characterized by accumulation of pus inside the pleural cavity, which is usually followed by bacterial pneumonia. During the disease process, the pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokines in the purulent pleural effusion cause proliferation of fibroblasts and deposition of extracellular matrix, which lead to fibrin deposition and fibrothorax. Urokinase instillation therapy through a chest drainage tube is frequently used for fibrinolysis in patients with empyema. Read More

Chem Biol Interact 2020 Apr 7;321:109044. Epub 2020 Mar 7.

Department of Biomedical Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address:

Overconsumption of alcohol could lead to severe liver injury that connects with oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammatory response. Previously, we proved that p-coumaric acid prevents ethanol induced reproductive toxicity; however, p-coumaric acid (PCA) on ethanol mediated hepatotoxicity has not been examined yet. In our work, we sought to study the potential of PCA in contradiction of ethanol induced hepatoxicity which linking with MAPKs, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and Nrf2 signaling. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2020 Jun 27;720:137540. Epub 2020 Feb 27.

Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China. Electronic address:

The fate and transport of Hg species in natural aquatic environment are strongly affected by photochemical transformation of Hg, Hg, and MeHg. Migration of Hg is determined by its complexation with organic and inorganic ligands that are widely present in the water. The presence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) is closely related to photochemical reactions of Hg. Read More

Rev Med Suisse 2020 Feb;16(683):404-408

Service de néphrologie, Département de médecine, HUG, 1211 Genève 14.

Cheap and easy to access, ethylene glycol is used in the synthesis of antifreezes. Intoxication has potentially irreversible morbid consequences. Ingestion of a small amount can lead to death. Read More

Front Immunol 2020 3;11:53. Epub 2020 Feb 3.

Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States.

Alcohol differentially affects human health, depending on the pattern of exposure. Moderate intake provides beneficial mood modulation and an anti-inflammatory effect, while excessive consumption leads to immunosuppression and various alcohol use disorders. The mechanism underlying this bi-phasic action mode of alcohol has not been clearly defined. Read More

Food Chem 2020 Jul 15;317:126420. Epub 2020 Feb 15.

National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, China; National Engineering Research Center of Chinese Rice Wine, Zhejiang Guyuelongshan Shaoxing Wine CO., LTD, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China. Electronic address:

Although huangjiu is a popular alcoholic beverage in China, the occurrence of quick-intoxication suppresses huangjiu consumption and impedes development of the huangjiu industry. In this study, the Cryprinus carpio intoxication model was used to compare the differences in intoxication effect of alcoholic beverages and to assess the impacts of huangjiu components on intoxication for the first time. Exposure to huangjiu led to the most rapid physical imbalance of C. Read More

Int J Nanomedicine 2020 31;15:735-747. Epub 2020 Jan 31.

The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University and Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.

Introduction: Gambogic acid (GA) is proved to have anti-tumor effects on gastric cancer. Due to poor solubility, non-specific biological distribution, toxicity to normal tissues and short half-life, it is hard to be applied into the clinic. To overcome these issues, we developed a thermosensitive and injectable hydrogel composed of hydroxypropyl cellulose, silk fibroin and glycerol, with short gelling time, good compatibility and sustained release, and demonstrated that the hydrogel packaged with gambogic acid nanoparticles (GA-NPs) and tumor-penetrating peptide iRGD could improve the anti-tumor activity. Read More

Mutat Res 2020 01 15;849:503127. Epub 2019 Nov 15.

Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address:

The environmental and food contaminant, benzo[a]pyrene {B[a]P, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)}, is classified as a human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The carcinogenicity of B[a]P is linked to the formation of electrophilic metabolites, namely B[a]P-diol epoxides (BPDEs) occurring as stereoisomers. In this work, we quantified the metabolic formation of BPDE isomers and the genotoxic effect in B[a]P-exposed mice, with an aim to estimate the genotoxic potency of B[a]P per in vivo dose of its most potent metabolite [i. Read More

Mediators Inflamm 2020 1;2020:5056897. Epub 2020 Feb 1.

Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Balochistan, Quetta 87300, Pakistan.

In this study, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, brine shrimp lethality, and FTIR studies were evaluated. The oxidative burst assay using the chemiluminescence technique, MTT assay, brine shrimp lethality assay, and FTIR analysis were the methods used for the evaluation of anti-inflammatory, anticancer, brine shrimp lethality, and FTIR studies, respectively. The whole-plant butanol fraction of (WBFHE) showed anti-inflammatory activity on ROS having IC14. Read More

Gene 2020 May 15;737:144481. Epub 2020 Feb 15.

Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Biosciences, Northern Border University, Arar City, Saudi Arabia.

Studies have recently demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have therapeutic capabilities on many diseases and this effect is mainly mediated by miRNAs. However, the actual mechanism of MSCs paracrine effect on testis to improve male fertility is still elusive. Herein, we evaluated the altered expression of some spermatogenesis-related miRNAs and their target genes following transplantation of bone marrow (BM)-derived MSCs into testes of busulfan-induced azoospermic rats using real time PCR. Read More

J Agric Food Chem 2020 Mar 26;68(10):3061-3070. Epub 2020 Feb 26.

Emerging Pathogens Institute, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States.

Pyrethroids are one of the most commonly used classes of insecticides, and their acid and alcohol components are esterase degradation products, usually considered to be biologically inactive. In this study, it was found that several pyrethroid acids had a spatial repellent activity that was greater than DEET, often more active than the parent pyrethroids, and showed little cross resistance in a pyrethroid-resistant Puerto Rico strain of mosquitoes. Further investigation revealed that the acids can synergize not only contact repellent standards but also other pyrethroid components as well as the parent pyrethroids themselves. Read More

Chemosphere 2020 Jun 7;249:126153. Epub 2020 Feb 7.

College of Medicine, Al-Imam Muhammed Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

In this study, we determined DNA damage and chromosome breakage (indicators of genotoxicity) and cell viability (an indicator of cytotoxicity) in human lymphoblastoid TK6 and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells treated with 33 e-liquids using in vitro single cell gel (comet), micronucleus (MN), and trypan blue assays, respectively. We also measured the contents of nicotine, five phthalate esters, and DL-menthol in the e-liquids to examine their effects on DNA damage, chromosome breakage, and cell viability. Our chemical analyses showed that: (1) six e-liquids had nicotine ≥2-fold higher than the manufacture's label claim (2-3. Read More

J Agric Food Chem 2020 Mar 27;68(10):3088-3098. Epub 2020 Feb 27.

Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.

The intestinal microbiome plays an important role in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. Alcohol intake induces gut microbiota dysbiosis and alters its function. This study investigated the antibiotic effect of allicin in mice with hepatic steatosis. Read More

J Agric Food Chem 2020 Mar 21;68(9):2765-2772. Epub 2020 Feb 21.

Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States.

Fatty acid esters of 3-monochloropropane 1,2-diol (3-MCPD esters) are processing-induced food toxicants, with the kidney as their major target organ. For the first time, this study treated Sprague Dawley (SD) rats with 3-MCPD 1-monooleate at 10 and 100 mg/kg BW/day and 1-monostearate at 15 and 150 mg/kg BW/day for 90 days and examined for their potential semi-long-term nephrotoxicity and the associated molecular mechanisms. No bodyweight difference was observed between groups during the study. Read More

Ann Hematol 2020 Apr 5;99(4):819-828. Epub 2020 Feb 5.

Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, South Korea.

Autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) is an effective treatment for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). However, recent supply issues and toxicity of carmustine have necessitated a new conditioning regimen. We conducted a multicenter, phase II study of BEB (busulfan, etoposide, and bendamustine) conditioning regimen for ASCT in patients with NHL. Read More

Nat Commun 2020 02 5;11(1):721. Epub 2020 Feb 5.

Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Myo-inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) is a natural product known to inhibit vascular calcification (VC), but with limited potency and low plasma exposure following bolus administration. Here we report the design of a series of inositol phosphate analogs as crystallization inhibitors, among which 4,6-di-O-(methoxy-diethyleneglycol)-myo-inositol-1,2,3,5-tetrakis(phosphate), (OEG)-IP4, displays increased in vitro activity, as well as more favorable pharmacokinetic and safety profiles than IP6 after subcutaneous injection. (OEG)-IP4 potently stabilizes calciprotein particle (CPP) growth, consistently demonstrates low micromolar activity in different in vitro models of VC (i. Read More

Int J Nanomedicine 2020 20;15:347-361. Epub 2020 Jan 20.

Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China.

Purpose: Chemotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has many systemic side effects, as well as hypoxia-induced chemoresistance. To reduce side effects and enhance chemosensitivity are urgently needed.

Methods: We synthesized a drug delivery system (named CECMa NPs) based on cisplatin (CDDP) and metformin (chemotherapeutic sensitizer), of which chlorin e6 (Ce6) and polyethylene glycol diamine (PEG) were synthesized as the shell, an anti-LDLR antibody (which can target to hypoxic tumor cells) was modified on the surface to achieve tumor targeting. Read More

Environ Sci Technol 2020 03 25;54(6):3407-3416. Epub 2020 Feb 25.

State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.

Novel per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in various environmental media have attracted increasing attention; however, the information regarding PFASs exposure in pregnant women and fetuses is insufficient. In this study, we built and applied suspect and nontarget screening strategies based on the mass difference of the CF, CFO, and CHCF units to select potential novel PFASs from 117 paired maternal and cord sera. In total, 10 legacy PFASs and 19 novel PFASs from 10 classes were identified to be above confidence levels 3, among which 14 were not previously reported in human serum. Read More

Int J Nanomedicine 2019 13;14:8861-8874. Epub 2019 Nov 13.

Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea.

Background: Targeting radiosensitizer-incorporated nanoparticles to a tumor could allow for less normal tissue toxicity with more efficient drug release, thus improving the efficacy and safety of radiation treatment. The aim of this study was to improve tumor-specific delivery and bioavailability of a nanoparticle-mediated radiosensitizer in mouse brain tumor models.

Methods: A pH-sensitive nanoparticle, chitoPEGAcHIS, was conjugated to recombinant peptide HVGGSSV that could bind to tax-interaction protein 1 (TIP-1) as a radiation-inducible receptor. Read More

Chem Biol Interact 2020 Feb 30;318:108970. Epub 2020 Jan 30.

Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, UP, India.

Cardiovascular disorders constitute the principal cause of deaths worldwide and will continue as the major disease-burden by the year 2060. A significant proportion of heart failures occur because of use and misuse of drugs and most of the investigational agents fail to achieve any clinical relevance. Here, we investigated rosuvastatin and retinoic acid for their "pharmacological pleiotropy" against high dose β-adrenergic agonist (isoproterenol)-induced acute myocardial insult. Read More

Chemosphere 2020 Jun 24;248:125957. Epub 2020 Jan 24.

School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.

This study reports on the propranolol (PRO) degradation performance and product toxicity of an ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV-LED)/chlorine process. The effects of experimental parameters including solution pH, chlorine dosage, and water matrix constituents on PRO removal were evaluated. Up to 94. Read More

Chem Biol Interact 2020 Apr 29;321:108964. Epub 2020 Jan 29.

Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Rua Uruguai, 458, Centro, 88302-202, Itajaí, SC, Brazil. Electronic address:

Lupeol (1) was isolated from hexane branch extract of Maytenus salicifolia and the Lupeol stearate (2), Lupeol palmitate (3), Lupeol myristate (4), Lupeol laurate (5) and Lupeol caprylate (6) were obtained reacting 1 with an adequate carboxylic acid. Swiss mice were treated with vehicle, carbenoxolone or Lupeol esters before administration of ethanol/HCl or indomethacin. Additionally, the involvement of nitric oxide (NO), sulfhydryl compounds (NP-SH), α-2 adrenergic receptors (α2-AR) and prostaglandins (PGE) in antiulcer effects was investigated using appropriate inhibitors or antagonist. Read More

Nat Commun 2020 01 31;11(1):661. Epub 2020 Jan 31.

Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.

High dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) is active against metastatic melanoma and renal cell carcinoma, but treatment-associated toxicity and expansion of suppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs) limit its use in patients with cancer. Bempegaldesleukin (NKTR-214) is an engineered IL-2 cytokine prodrug that provides sustained activation of the IL-2 pathway with a bias to the IL-2 receptor CD122 (IL-2Rβ). Here we assess the therapeutic impact and mechanism of action of NKTR-214 in combination with anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 checkpoint blockade therapy or peptide-based vaccination in mice. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2020 Apr 4;711:134493. Epub 2019 Oct 4.

Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China. Electronic address:

Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) have been widely used in human health related products, such as food additives, cosmetics and even drug delivery, gene therapy or bioimaging. Recently, a first-in-human clinical trial based on polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified SiNPs had been approved by US FDA to trace melanoma. However, as a nano-based drug delivery system, its biocompatibility and vascular toxicity are still largely unknown. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020 Mar 25;191:110239. Epub 2020 Jan 25.

College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Agriculture University of Hebei, Baoding, 071001, China; Hebei Provincial Engineering Center for Chinese Veterinary Herbal Medicine, Baoding, 071001, China. Electronic address:

In order to explore the mechanism of liver injury induced by florfenicol (FFC) in broilers, one hundred and twenty broilers were randomly divided into six groups, twenty broilers in each group. Except for control group, the other five groups were given different doses of FFC (0.15 g/L, 0. Read More

Sci Rep 2020 Jan 27;10(1):1209. Epub 2020 Jan 27.

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, University of Giresun, Giresun, Turkey.

In this study, the toxic effects of phenoxyethanol (Phy-Et), which is widely used in cosmetic industry, has been investigated with Allium test by means of physiological, cytogenetic, anatomical and biochemical parameters. To determine the changes in physiological reactions weight gain, relative injury rate, germination percentage and root length were investigated. Malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathion and catalase levels were analyzed as biochemical parameters for determining the presence of oxidative stress. Read More

Biotechnol Bioeng 2020 May 11;117(5):1418-1425. Epub 2020 Feb 11.

Department of Biomass Science and Conversion Technology, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California.

Fatty alcohols (FOHs) are important feedstocks in the chemical industry to produce detergents, cosmetics, and lubricants. Microbial production of FOHs has become an attractive alternative to production in plants and animals due to growing energy demands and environmental concerns. However, inhibition of cell growth caused by intracellular FOH accumulation is one major issue that limits FOH titers in microbial hosts. Read More

Hum Exp Toxicol 2020 Jun 24;39(6):828-833. Epub 2020 Jan 24.

NPIS (Birmingham Unit), City Hospital, Birmingham, UK.

Introduction: Automatic dishwashing rinse aids are drying aids which contain non-ionic surfactants, usually ethoxylated alcohols, typically at concentrations of ≤30%.

Objective: To assess the reported toxicity of rinse aids.

Methods: Telephone enquiries to the UK National Poisons Information Service were analysed from January 2008 to June 2019. Read More

An Bras Dermatol 2020 Jan - Feb;95(1):82-90. Epub 2019 Dec 18.

Dermatology Service, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.

Local anesthetics are essential medications for the conduction of dermatological procedures. They stop the depolarization of nerve fibers and are divided into two main categories, the amide and ester types. Systemic toxicity with reflex on the central nervous and cardiovascular systems is their most feared adverse reactions, and the anaphylactic reaction is the most concerning one. Read More

PLoS One 2020 17;15(1):e0226979. Epub 2020 Jan 17.

Laboratório de Citogenética, Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil.

Libidibia ferrea (juca) is a plant belonging to the Fabaceae (Leguminosae) family, whose antioxidant activity has been widely described in the literature. We evaluated this parameter of Aqueous ethanol extract (AE), ethyl acetate (ACO), chloroform (CLO) and hexane (HEX) extracts of L. ferrea. Read More

AAPS PharmSciTech 2020 Jan 16;21(2):69. Epub 2020 Jan 16.

Advanced Drug Delivery Systems R&D, Pharma Research, Lupin Limited, Lupin Research Park, 46/47A, Nande Village, Mulshi Taluka, Pune, 412115, India.

In the present work, a cost-effective, stable and sustained release ophthalmic solution formulation of brinzolamide (BRZ) was developed for the treatment of glaucoma. The prototype formulation undergoes 'in situ gelling' when administered in the eye, thereby providing longer residence (16-24 h). As a result, the same therapeutic endpoint is achieved with once daily dosing vis-à-vis the commercially available product Azopt® (brinzolamide 1. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2020 Apr 7;712:136564. Epub 2020 Jan 7.

MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.

Pharmaceutical compounds are continuously released into the aquatic environment, resulting in their ubiquitous presence in many estuarine and coastal systems. As pharmaceuticals are designed to produce effects at very low concentrations and target specific evolutionary conserved pathways, there are growing concerns over their potential deleterious effects to the environment and specifically to aquatic organisms, namely in early life-stages. In this context, the long-term effects of exposure of juvenile meagre Argyrosomus regius to three different pharmaceuticals were investigated. Read More

J Nanobiotechnology 2020 Jan 15;18(1):14. Epub 2020 Jan 15.

Clinic for Orthopedic Surgery, NIFE-Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany.

Background: In orthopedics, the treatment of implant-associated infections represents a high challenge. Especially, potent antibacterial effects at implant surfaces can only be achieved by the use of high doses of antibiotics, and still often fail. Drug-loaded magnetic nanoparticles are very promising for local selective therapy, enabling lower systemic antibiotic doses and reducing adverse side effects. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2020 Jan 11;21(2). Epub 2020 Jan 11.

Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31151, Korea.

Glucose metabolism is an important metabolic pathway in the auditory system. Chronic alcohol exposure can cause metabolic dysfunction in auditory cells during hearing loss. While alcohol exposure has been linked to hearing loss, the mechanism by which impaired glycolysis promotes cytotoxicity and cell death in auditory cells remains unclear. Read More

Metab Eng Commun 2020 Jun 20;10:e00114. Epub 2019 Nov 20.

Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.

The need for sustainable, low-cost production of bioenergy and commodity chemicals is increasing. Unfortunately, the engineering potential of whole-cell catalysts to address this need can be hampered by cellular toxicity. When such bottlenecks limit the commercial feasibility of whole-cell fermentation, cell-free, or , based approaches may offer an alternative. Read More

J Photochem Photobiol B 2020 Jan 7;203:111777. Epub 2020 Jan 7.

Medical Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt.

Despite the high in vitro efficacy of photodynamic therapeutics, lack of tumor targeting significantly reduces their in vivo efficacy and thus limits their clinical use. Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) is a new synthetic strategy to target and treat cancer by photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this study, we describe design and synthesis of a third-generation photosensitizer comprising a PEGylated-phthalocyanine star-polymer photosensitizer that covalently bound to a myeloma tumor-selective antibody (MAb) via the carbodiimide chemistry. Read More