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Pediatr Phys Ther 2019 01;31(1):E1-E5

Mary Free Bed Rehabilitation Hospital (Dr Huegel), Grand Rapids, Michigan; Department of Physical Therapy (Dr Kenyon), Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan.

Purpose: This case report illustrates application of the Clinical Practice Guideline for Congenital Muscular Torticollis in a pediatric outpatient facility.

Descriptions: The infant was a 2-month-old baby presenting with congenital muscular torticollis. Application of each of the 16 action statements outlined in the Clinical Practice Guideline is detailed as related to the case. Read More

Tijdschr Psychiatr 2018 ;60(12):843-847

Acute dystonia is a side-effect associated with the use of antipsychotics. We describe the case of a 75-year-old patient with late-onset schizophrenia who used clozapine. During a hospital admission due to pneumonia, she developed a form of acute dystonia consisting of a rotational torticollis, which disappeared rapidly after treatment with biperiden. Read More

Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y) 2018 16;8:592. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, IE.

Background: Cervical dystonia is a hyperkinetic movement disorder of unknown cause. Symptoms of cervical dystonia have been induced in animals in which the integrity of the nigro-tectal pathway is disrupted, resulting in reduced inhibition of the deep layers of the superior colliculus. This same pathway is believed to play a critical role in saccade generation, particularly visually guided, express saccades. Read More

J Pediatr 2018 Nov 19. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Objective: To review pediatric idiopathic intervertebral disc calcification (PIIVDC) within a single center and within the literature to outline the disease course, management, and outcome.

Study Design: A retrospective chart review was performed spanning the period between January 2001 and February 2016 for diagnoses of PIIVDC. Patient age, sex, symptoms, and history and physical and neurologic findings were reviewed. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2018 Nov 16. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis.

Background: Physical therapy (PT) alone is not always effective for treatment of congenital muscular torticollis (CMT). The adjunctive use of botulinum toxin (BTX) injection into the sternocleidomastoid, followed by PT, could provide correction and avoid more invasive surgery. Aims of the study were to review clinical and caregiver-reported outcomes of children with resistant CMT treated by BTX injection combined with a guided-PT program. Read More

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018 Nov 12. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Dijon university hospital, department of plastic reconstructive and hand surgery, department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, boulevard de Lattre de Tassigny 21000, Dijon, France. Electronic address:

Corrective surgery of prominent ears may be justified for social or aesthetic reasons during childhood or adulthood. Post-operative complications occur in approximately 0 to 8.4% of cases. Read More

World Neurosurg 2018 Nov 10. Epub 2018 Nov 10.

Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center School, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Cervical dystonia is a disabling medical condition that drastically decreases quality of life. Surgical treatment consists of peripheral nerve denervation procedures with or without myectomies or deep brain stimulation (DBS). The current objective was to compare the efficacy of peripheral denervation versus DBS in improving the severity of cervical dystonia through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Read More

Bull Emerg Trauma 2018 Oct;6(4):367-371

Resident of Neurosurgery, Student Research Committee, Department of Neurosurgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation (AARS) is rarely occurred in adults with trauma as the most common cause. In type A and B it is usually managed with close reduction and external brace; however, in nonresponsive cases, surgical interventions might be needed. Our patient is a 21-year-old man with neck pain and torticollis after a car turn- over. Read More

Case Rep Pediatr 2018 8;2018:4236264. Epub 2018 Oct 8.

Department of Pediatrics, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada A1B 3V6.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis of childhood. The diagnosis can be made in a patient who presents with a prolonged high fever and meeting at least four of five criteria including polymorphous rash, mucosal changes, extremity changes (including swelling and/or palmar and plantar erythema), bilateral nonsuppurative conjunctivitis, and unilateral cervical lymphadenopathy. Atypical KD refers to patients who have not met the full criteria and in whom atypical features may be present. Read More

Med Sci Monit 2018 Nov 3;24:7869-7874. Epub 2018 Nov 3.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, 2nd Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland).

BACKGROUND This study investigated the expression of Bax/Bcl-2, TGF-β1 and type III collagen fiber in sternocleidomastoid of congenital muscular torticollis (CMT), and explored the possible mechanisms of fibrosis in sternocleidomastoid of CMT. MATERIAL AND METHODS The localization and expression of Bax, Bcl-2, TGF-β1, and type III collagen were detected in the control group and experimental group by using immunohistochemical staining method. The RT-PCR assay was used to measure the expression of TGF-β1 in the control group and experimental group. Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2018 Oct 25. Epub 2018 Oct 25.

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Mersin, Mersin, Turkey.

Purpose: The painful torticollis only itself may be a major sign for the diagnosis of Grisel's syndrome (GS). It is known as an inflammatory atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation following upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) and surgical otolaryngological procedures.

Patients And Methods: The analysis of 16 pediatric GS patients were reviewed retrospectively by considering the diagnosis, the treatment modality, and the prognosis at the Department of Neurosurgery and Otorhinolaryngology in Mersin University, Faculty of Medicine between 2008 and 2018. Read More

Transbound Emerg Dis 2018 Oct 24. Epub 2018 Oct 24.

Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald - Insel Riems, Germany.

Since its first appearance in 2011, Schmallenberg virus (SBV) has been repeatedly detected in aborted ruminant foetuses or severely malformed newborns whose mothers were naturally infected during pregnancy. However, especially the knowledge about dynamics of foetal infection in cattle is still scarce. Therefore, a total of 36 pregnant heifers were experimentally infected during two animal trials with SBV between days 60 and 150 of gestation. Read More

Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2018 ;118(6. Vyp. 2):99-104

Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

The hardware-software system of differential diagnosis and evaluation of the efficacy of treatment of a number of extrapyramidal diseases (Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, idiopathic cervical dystonia) is based on the methodology of special processing of the electrical activity of muscles (EMG). The system defines the diagnosis for each investigated muscle, and determine various forms of extrapyramidal diseases including early preclinical ones. The system allows viewing the dynamics of changes in the patient's state, both in numerical characteristics and in the graphic interpretation, and evaluates the efficacy of various forms of treatment (medicament, surgical, etc. Read More

J Binocul Vis Ocul Motil 2018 Oct-Dec;68(4):137-139. Epub 2018 Oct 17.

a Albany Medical College , Albany , New York.

Purpose: Spasmus nutans is an acquired form of nystagmus that is classically associated with torticollis and titubations of the head, often presenting in the first year of life and spontaneously resolving within the next 2 years. The purpose of our study was to record and characterize the long-term prognosis of children diagnosed with spasmus nutans.

Methods: All patients under the age of 21 years with a diagnosis of spasmus nutans were included. Read More

J Med Microbiol 2018 Nov 10;67(11):1638-1644. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

1​Microbiology-Virology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece.

Purpose: The tumour suppressor protein RB plays a decisive role in negative control of the cell cycle, inhibiting tumour development. The present analysis investigated the prevalence of the nucleotide polymorphism A153104G, which is located at intron 18 of the RB1 gene, and investigated the impact of the polymorphic variability in the exon 19 and its flanking intronic sequences on the severity of cervical disease in HPV16-positive Greek women.

Methodology: The nucleotide polymorphism A153104G was detected by PCR-RFLP assay, while the amplicons were further subjected to cloning and sequencing. Read More

Dtsch Arztebl Int 2018 Sep;155(37):609

Pediatr Phys Ther 2018 10;30(4):240-290

Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Sciences (Dr Kaplan), Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey; Orthotics and Prosthetics Department (Dr Coulter), Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia; Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy at the Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry (Dr Sargent), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.

Background: Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) is a postural deformity evident shortly after birth, typically characterized by lateral flexion/side bending of the head to one side and cervical rotation/head turning to the opposite side due to unilateral shortening of the sternocleidomastoid muscle; it may be accompanied by other neurological or musculoskeletal conditions. Infants with CMT should be referred to physical therapists to treat these postural asymmetries as soon as they are identified.

Purpose: This update of the 2013 CMT clinical practice guideline (CPG) informs clinicians and families as to whom to monitor, treat, and/or refer and when and what to treat. Read More

Pediatr Phys Ther 2018 10;30(4):239

Editor-in-Chief, Freeport, Maine.

Childs Nerv Syst 2018 Oct 1. Epub 2018 Oct 1.

Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, via Giovanni Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy.

Introduction: Atlanto-axial rotatory fixation (AARF) is a rare complication of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt (VPS) surgery.

Case Presentation: The authors present a unique case of AARF developing early after VP shunting, with persistent torticollis, a "cock-robin" head position, and a thick fibrous band along the catheter path. Due to refractoriness to conservative treatments, AARF, which can be an early-onset complication of VPS surgery, was resolved by removing the distal catheter along with the fibrous band encasing it. Read More

Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2018 Dec 17;4(6). Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Institut für Neurogenomik, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, 85764, Germany.

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaMKs) are key mediators of calcium signaling and underpin neuronal health. Although widely studied, the contribution of CaMKs to Mendelian disease is rather enigmatic. Here, we describe an unusual neurodevelopmental phenotype, characterized by milestone delay, intellectual disability, autism, ataxia, and mixed hyperkinetic movement disorder including severe generalized dystonia, in a proband who remained etiologically undiagnosed despite exhaustive testing. Read More

Ann Plast Surg 2019 Jan;82(1):53-54

Department of Plastic Surgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.

Isolated lingual and lower face Raynaud phenomenon without primary Raynaud of the digits is a very rare condition associated with chemoradiation therapy (RT) in previous reports. The condition, which more commonly presents in patients with a history of Raynaud disease, is often self-limiting, but vasodilating agents and steroids have been suggested as possible treatment options. Spasmodic torticollis is a different, more common entity, also associated with history of RT or previous head and neck surgery. Read More

Int J Vet Sci Med 2017 Dec 9;5(2):135-142. Epub 2017 Nov 9.

Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.

Following previous studies on delivery potential and immune response of chickens given Newcastle disease vaccine with gums, this study was conducted to evaluate the protective ability of vaccines delivered with plant gums against clinicopathological features of Newcastle disease (ND). Processed gums from incised trunks of and trees were combined with ND vaccine in ratio 2:2:1 and administered at 21 days to white leghorn cockerels after weaning of maternal antibodies. The birds were grouped into gum-vaccine-oral (GVOR), vaccine-oral (VOR), gum-vaccine-ocular (GVOC), vaccine-ocular (VOC), gum-oral (GOR), gum-ocular (GOC), no-gum-no-vaccine/challenged (NGNV/C), no-gum-no-vaccine/unchallenged (NGNV/U). Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2018 Oct;66(10):1508-1511

Department of Oculoplasty, Sri Sankaradeva Nethralaya, Guwahati, Assam, India.

Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a spectrum of myeloproliferative disorder, which is characterized by persistent and marked blood eosinophilia and damage to multiple organs due to eosinophilic infiltration. Idiopathic HES is identified after ruling out all other causes of eosinophilia. Poor prognosis is usually associated with cardiac involvement and malignant transformation of blood cells. Read More

Pediatr Emerg Care 2018 Sep 21. Epub 2018 Sep 21.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY.

Objectives: With epidemic opioid deaths and abuse in the United States, government agencies recommend nonpharmacological treatments for pain. However nonopioid treatment options for moderate to severe pain in the pediatric emergency department (PED) are limited. Acupuncture has been shown to be effective for pain. Read More

Vet Pathol 2018 Sep 16:300985818794262. Epub 2018 Sep 16.

1 California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA.

Twenty-two feral rock pigeons ( Columba livia) from 10 counties in California with ataxia, torticollis, and difficulty standing and flying were admitted to rehabilitation centers in late winter and spring of 2017 and died or were euthanized. Common necropsy findings included thin body condition, generalized deep red discoloration of organs, and hemorrhagic subcutaneous neck tissues. Meningoencephalitis was observed microscopically in 16 pigeons, and 3 also had protozoal schizonts in the brain. Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2018 Sep 12. Epub 2018 Sep 12.

Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Catania, Italy.

Background: Grisel's syndrome is a non-traumatic subluxation of the atlantoaxial joints, which is caused by an inflammatory process involving the upper neck. Torticollis, neck pain, and reduced neck mobility are the main clinical signs of presentation. Predisposing factors are trauma, hyperlaxity of the transverse and alar ligaments of the atlantoaxial joints, and surgical interventions carried out in this area. Read More

J Neurol 2018 Nov 8;265(11):2672-2683. Epub 2018 Sep 8.

Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.

Background: Patients with idiopathic cervical dystonia (CD) experience involuntary neck muscle contractions, abnormal head position and pain accompanied by dysfunctions in somatosensory processes such as postural control, cervical sensorimotor and perception of visual verticality. First-line treatment is injection with botulinum toxin (BoNT). It remains unclear whether this affects sensorimotor processes. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018 Sep 6:1-3. Epub 2018 Sep 6.

a Institute of Science, Nirma University , Ahmedabad , India.

Background: Uniparental disomy (UPD) is a condition where both the chromosomes are inherited from the same parent. The consequences of UPD can be ranging from normal to congenital anomaly depending on the parental origin and chromosome involved. Case characteristics: Here, we describe a case of 2-year-old male with central hypotonia, torticollis, and delayed motor skills born to a nonconsanguineous healthy parent. Read More

Eur J Neurol 2018 Aug 31. Epub 2018 Aug 31.

Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

Background And Purpose: In patients with cervical dystonia, abobotulinumtoxinA solution for injection (ASI) has been shown to be similarly effective to freeze-dried abobotulinumtoxinA in reducing Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) total scores. In this secondary analysis, quality of life data as evaluated with the Cervical Dystonia Impact Profile (CDIP-58) are presented.

Methods: This was a double-blind, randomized, active and placebo-controlled study followed by an open-label extension (NCT01261611). Read More

J Orthop Case Rep 2018 Mar-Apr;8(2):3-8

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Showa University, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, Japan.

Introduction: A treatment strategy has not yet been established for combined fractures involving the odontoid and unilateral superior articular processes of the axis. Such injuries are rare, with only 17 reported cases in the literature. A lateral flexion force with a rotated position of the atlas on the axis is considered to be the mechanism of injury. Read More

Med Acupunct 2018 Aug;30(4):198-203

Osher Center for Integrative Medicine. Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.

There are no curative treatments for cervical dystonia (CD), therefore conventional management is aimed at pain relief and muscle relaxation. Many patients with CD use complementary and integrative medicine interventions to manage symptoms, yet there are limited data on the use of acupuncture for CD. The aim of the current study was to determine the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of adjuvant acupuncture. Read More

J Orthop 2018 Sep 16;15(3):808-811. Epub 2018 Aug 16.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Ulm, Oberer Eselsberg 45, 89081, Ulm, Germany.

Objectives: The incidence of spinal eosinophilic granuloma in children is low.

Methods: Clinical case presentation of two children (♀ 18 months old, ♂ 16 months old) complaining of acute torticollis. Follow-up period was 11 years in the female patient and 13 years in the male patient. Read More

J Orthop Sci 2018 Aug 23. Epub 2018 Aug 23.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan. Electronic address:

Background: On April 1, 2016, the Ministerial ordinance was enforced, and musculoskeletal examination of the extremities was made mandatory. From 2008, the University of us started musculoskeletal direct examination. To expand the examination, from 2016, we started to use the marksheet-type questionnaire. Read More

J Vet Diagn Invest 2018 Sep 21;30(5):784-788. Epub 2018 Aug 21.

California Animal Health & Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California-Davis, Turlock Branch, Turlock, CA (Crispo, Cooper, Bickford, Stoute).

Infectious coryza, caused by Avibacterium paragallinarum, is an acute respiratory disease of poultry that can result in substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic losses. In March 2017, the Turlock branch of the California Animal Health and Food Safety laboratory system encountered an unusual clinical and pathologic presentation of infectious coryza in 6 live, 29-d-old, commercial broiler chickens that were submitted for diagnostic investigation. Antemortem evaluation revealed severe neurologic signs, including disorientation, torticollis, and opisthotonos. Read More

Neurologia 2018 Aug 15. Epub 2018 Aug 15.

Unidad de Neuropediatría, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Infantil Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, España.

Biomed Res Int 2018 12;2018:4518269. Epub 2018 Jul 12.

Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Normal respiration is a very intricate function that comprises mechanical as well as nonmechanical components. It is shown to be affected by various factors including age, lifestyle, disease, and change in posture. With the increased use of hand held devices, everyone is prone to poor sitting postures like forward head posture. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2018 Aug 13. Epub 2018 Aug 13.

Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via G.C. Pupilli n. 1, 40136, Bologna, BO, Italy.

Cephalalgia 2018 Aug 4:333102418791820. Epub 2018 Aug 4.

3 Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.

Objective To assess the relative risk, predictive value and population attributable risk fraction of pre-school episodic syndromes for later migraine in primary school age children. Methods This retrospective cohort study used health insurance data on 55,035 children born in 2006 with no diagnosis of migraine up to the age of 5 years. The relative risk, probability and population attributable risk fraction of migraine prompting a physician visit at the age of 6-10 years in children with episodic syndromes included in the International Classification of Headache Disorders (benign paroxysmal torticollis, benign paroxysmal vertigo, cyclic vomiting syndrome, recurrent abdominal symptoms and abdominal migraine) and those not included in the International Classification of Headache Disorders (pavor nocturnus, somnabulism and bruxism) diagnosed up to the age of 5 years were determined. Read More

J Paediatr Child Health 2018 Aug 1. Epub 2018 Aug 1.

Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to examine if there were gender differences in risk factors in 4415 infants who were evaluated through a physical examination and hip ultrasonography (USG).

Methods: Physical examination of the hip and hip USG were performed on 4415 infants by the same paediatric orthopaedics specialist. Barlow and Ortolani tests were performed together with the evaluation for the limitation of abduction. Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2018 Dec 30;34(12):2519-2523. Epub 2018 Jul 30.

Department of Neurosurgery, King's College Hospital, London, UK.

Introduction: Arachnoid cysts (ACs) account for a small proportion of all intracranial lesions. They are often incidental but can become symptomatic and even cause a threat to life. Symptoms are usually due to direct compression of neural elements and/or raised intracranial pressure. Read More

J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2018 Jul-Sep;23(3):153-155

Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Desmoid tumors (fibromatosis) are intermediate grade, locally aggressive soft-tissue tumors. A rare case of chest wall fibromatosis in a girl with congenital muscular torticollis is being reported. This report also highlights the need for long-term surveillance in such cases, despite being a benign pathology. Read More

Semin Hear 2018 Aug 20;39(3):321-333. Epub 2018 Jul 20.

Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Professions, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.

This perspective explores common pediatric diagnoses that could present with central vestibular pathway dysfunction, leading to delays in motor development and postural control, and gaze instability. Specifically, the following diagnoses are considered: cerebral palsy, myelomeningocele, vestibular migraine, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, developmental coordination disorder, concussion, childhood cancer, congenital muscular torticollis, adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, and autism. Suggestions for clinical screening, vestibular function testing, and vestibular rehabilitation for children with these diagnoses are based on evidence for the efficacy of testing and interventions for children with peripheral vestibular hypofunction. Read More

Am J Gastroenterol 2018 Nov 19;113(11):1678-1688. Epub 2018 Jul 19.

Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.

Objectives: We described pregnancy outcomes in Crohn's disease (CD) patients enrolled in the TREAT Registry who received infliximab before, or during pregnancy and those not treated with infliximab or any biologic agent.

Methods: In the TREAT Registry (1999-2012), pregnancy outcomes were analyzed from maternal and paternal patients exposed to infliximab ≤365 days (gestational exposure), >365 days (pre-gestational exposure) of pregnancy outcome or without infliximab exposure (non-biologic exposed). "Healthy infants" were defined as those with no congenital abnormalities, neonatal complications (e. Read More

Neuroimage Clin 2018 5;19:805-812. Epub 2018 Jun 5.

Department of Radiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States; Department of Radiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.

Objective: Isolated adult-onset focal dystonia is considered a network disorder with disturbances to the motor basal ganglia and cerebellar circuits playing a pathophysiological role, but why specific body regions become affected remains unknown. We aimed to use diffusion tensor imaging to determine if the two most common phenotypes of focal dystonia are associated with distinguishing microstructural changes affecting the motor network.

Methods: Fifteen blepharospasm patients, 20 cervical dystonia patients, and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited. Read More

Mov Disord Clin Pract 2018 May-Jun;5(3):273-282. Epub 2018 Apr 26.

Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL.

Background: Injectable daxibotulinumtoxinA (an investigational botulinum toxin, RT002) may offer a more prolonged duration of response-and therefore less frequent dosing-than onabotulinumtoxinA.

Objectives: To perform a phase 2, open-label, dose-escalation study to assess the efficacy and safety of daxibotulinumtoxinA in cervical dystonia.

Methods: Subjects with moderate-to-severe isolated cervical dystonia were enrolled in sequential cohorts to receive a single open-label, intramuscular dose of injectable daxibotulinumtoxinA of up to 200 U ( 12), 200-300 U ( 12), or 300-450 U ( 13; https://clinicaltrials. Read More

Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2018 Oct 10;55(9):1282-1288. Epub 2018 Jul 10.

1 Division of Pediatric Plastic Surgery and the Cleft Craniofacial Center, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA.

Background: Many infants with congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) have deformational plagiocephaly (DP), and a small cohort also demonstrate mandibular asymmetry (MA). The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate mandibular changes in these infants with previous computed tomography (CT) scans who underwent physical therapy (PT) to treat CMT.

Methods: A retrospective study included patients presenting to a pediatric plastic surgery clinic from December 2010 to June 2012 with CMT, DP, and MA. Read More