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PLoS One 2021 11;16(6):e0252734. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is used in minimally invasive dentistry for arresting dental caries. However, discoloration of teeth is a significant side effect that has limited the use of SDF. Hence, the application of potassium iodide (KI) following SDF has been proposed to ameliorate the staining. Read More

Georgian Med News 2021 Apr(313):48-51

Bohomolets National Medical University, Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, Kyiv, Ukraine.

The aim - to study the efficiency of correction of hard tooth tissues discoloration. The study was conducted on 135 patients with tooth discoloration. Clinical - complex examination of patients with determination of hard tooth tissues color (Vіta scale), indexes of individual oral hygiene, intensity and prevalence of gums inflammation for the study of efficiency of the applied medical and preventive complexes of correction of hard tooth tissues discoloration depending on a clinical situation; statistical - for determination of authenticity of differences of the results. Read More

Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2021 23;18. Epub 2021 Feb 23.

Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.

Background: Various iron drops are prescribed to children to prevent iron-deficiency anemia. The current study aimed to evaluate and compare the physicochemical profile of iron drops and the effect of these medicines on the color of primary teeth.

Materials And Methods: On the commencement of this experimental study, the pH and viscosity of five types of iron drops were measured. Read More

Clin Oral Investig 2021 Jun 2. Epub 2021 Jun 2.

Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

Objectives: This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate clinical and radiographic outcomes of partial pulpotomy performed in permanent teeth with carious pulp exposure.

Materials And Methods: Records of patients undergoing treatment at an undergraduate dental clinic between 2010 and 2019 were screened for partial pulpotomies in teeth with a presumptive diagnosis of normal pulp or reversible pulpitis. The follow-up had to be ≥ 1 year. Read More

Materials (Basel) 2021 May 29;14(11). Epub 2021 May 29.

Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine Relevance, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy.

In the present study, the clinical outcomes obtained using three different protocols of post-operative plaque control for the 4 weeks after surgery were compared. Thirty healthy subjects, presenting at least one periodontal pocket requiring resective surgery, were selected and randomly distributed to three different groups corresponding to respective post-surgical protocols: (A) toothbrushes + chlorhexidine + anti-discoloration system (ADS + CHX); (B) toothbrushes + chlorhexidine (CHX); (C) only toothbrushes. The full-mouth plaque score (FMPS), full-mouth bleeding score (FMBS), probing pocket depth (PPD), recession depth (REC), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BoP) were measured in six aspects per tooth (mesio-buccal (MB), buccal (B), disto-buccal (DB), disto-lingual (DL), lingual (L), and mesio-lingual (ML)) at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months after surgery. Read More

J Adhes Dent 2021 Jun;23(3):201-215

Purpose: Mild and intermediately strong 2-step self-etch adhesives (2SEa) have been shown to bond efficiently to dentin. In general, their bonding efficiency to enamel is inferior to that of etch & rinse adhesives (E&Ra). On the other hand, their application procedure is less elaborate, and consequently leaves less room for application mistakes. Read More

Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2021 Jul;51(4):779-802

U.S. Army Public Health Activity-Fort Knox, 18N663 Carriage Way Lane, Huntley, IL 60142, USA.

Working dogs serve different functions based on their trained purpose. Due to the nature of their work, they are prone to traumatic dentoalveolar injuries (TDIs). TDIs include tooth wear, fracture, discoloration, and displacement. Read More

Int Orthod 2021 May 25. Epub 2021 May 25.

Department of biostatistics, School of public health and research centre for health sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.

Objective: Chlorhexidine gluconate is currently the most effective oral antimicrobial agent against microorganisms, but discoloration of the teeth prevents its long-term use and can reduce patient cooperation. In this study, the effect of chlorhexidine and a diluted chlorhexidine-based, fluoride, cetylpyridinium and vitamin added mouth rinse (Orthokin) on stain index in fixed orthodontic patients was compared.

Materials And Methods: This study was performed as a double blind randomized controlled trial on 50 patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment in the age group of 14-30 years. Read More

Int Dent J 2021 May 25. Epub 2021 May 25.

Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Electronic address:

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with self-perception of teeth alignment and colour in adolescents.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in public and private schools in Passo Fundo, Brazil. A representative sample of students aged 15 to 19 years were included. Read More

Int J Biomater 2021 30;2021:9989747. Epub 2021 Apr 30.

Dental Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.

Background: Patients with tooth sensitivity are frequently exposed to desensitizing agents on a regular basis. These agents might have an impact on the surface properties and color of existing oral restorations. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the color stability, surface microhardness, and surface roughness of resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGIC), amalgomer CR, nanohybrid, and bulk-fill resin composites restorative materials after frequent exposure to a desensitizing agent. Read More

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021 May 14. Epub 2021 May 14.

Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, INSERM, Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale et Stomatologie, U1008 - Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, F-59000 Lille, France; AIMOM, F-59650, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.

Introduction: This study was conducted to review current knowledge concerning factor and how to proceed with dental discoloration after Le Fort 1 osteotomy (LF1O).

Material & Methods: A systematic search of the literature was performed in PubMed/Medline and Cochrane library until December 1, 2020 using the following key words: "dental discoloration and osteotomy", "dental discoloration and Le Fort", "dental discoloration and orthognathic", "dental discoloration and surgery", "tooth discoloration and osteotomy", "tooth discoloration and Le Fort", "tooth discoloration and orthognathic", "tooth discoloration and surgery".

Results: 705 studies were located by initial screening; 232 were duplicate, 468 did not meet the eligibility criteria, leaving 5 studies. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2021 27;2021:6611173. Epub 2021 Apr 27.

Conservative Department, College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, Iraq.

Purpose: This study evaluates the effect of bleaching before or after veneer preparation and the depth of preparation on color masking ability of laminate veneers. Sixty extracted premolars were artificially stained to vita shade A4, verified by digital spectrophotometer (Vita Easy Shade V), and then divided into three groups: NB = nonbleached, BBP = bleaching before preparation, and BAP = bleaching after preparation. Based on the preparation depths, each group was further divided into two subgroups: S1 = 0. Read More

Korean J Orthod 2021 May;51(3):199-216

Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Messina, Policlinico Universitario G. Martino, Messina, Italy.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the complications and side effects associated with the clinical use of orthodontic miniscrews by systematically reviewing the best available evidence.

Methods: A survey of articles published up to March 2020 investigating the complications associated with miniscrew insertion, in both the maxilla and mandible, was performed using 7 electronic databases. Clinical studies, case reports, and case series reporting complications associated with the use of orthodontic miniscrew implants were included. Read More

Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020 Nov-Dec;13(6):622-629

Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Amritsar, Punjab, India.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the surface texture, anatomical form, marginal integrity, marginal discoloration, and secondary caries of three different types of crowns in primary anterior teeth at different time intervals of 3, 6, and 9 months.

Materials And Methods: Total 45 primary maxillary incisors were randomly selected and divided into three groups of 15 each: group I-strip crowns (Pedoform strip crowns, 3M, United States), group II-zirconia crown (kids-e-crown, India), and group III-luxa crown (DMG, Germany). All the full-coronal restorations were evaluated at 3, 6, and 9 months. Read More

J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021 Apr;45(2):67-73

Objectives: This pilot study compared hemostatic pack (HP) application with no intervention following extraction of maxillary primary incisors in healthy children for effect on bleeding time and influence of patient or tooth variables utilizing a novel scale for assessment of bleeding following extraction.

Study Design: A novel scale was created to assess bleeding after extraction. This scale was utilized in a randomized, split mouth study of healthy children ages 2-7 years old requiring extraction of at least 2 primary maxillary incisors under general anesthesia. Read More

J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021 Apr;45(2):112-116

Objective: Calcium silicate-based cements (CSCs) may lead to coronal staining in young permanent teeth over the time. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the long-term tooth discoloration induced by different CSCs.

Study Design: Ninety freshly-extracted human molars were assigned randomly into 6 groups (n=15/group) according to the CSC used as a pulpotomy material: ProRoot MTA, MTA Angelus, NeoMTA, EndoSequence Putty, Biodentine and Negative control (No cement). Read More

J Prosthodont 2021 May 3. Epub 2021 May 3.

Advanced Education Program in Prosthodontics, Department of Prosthodontics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN.

Purpose: To evaluate the color stability of 3D-printed interim restorations with different surface treatments while immersed in various staining solutions or beverages (artificial saliva, tea, coffee, and wine) for 6 months.

Material And Methods: An acrylic tooth was prepared for an all-ceramic full-coverage restoration. A laboratory scanner was used to digitize the prepared abutment tooth. Read More

J Prosthet Dent 2021 Apr 28. Epub 2021 Apr 28.

Assistant Professor, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.

Statement Of Problem: Titanium-supported polyetheretherketone (PEEK) abutments provide an economic alternative to zirconia abutments in esthetically important areas. Research comparing the performance regarding esthetics, longevity, and biologic parameters of PEEK abutments is lacking.

Purpose: The purpose of this clinical study was to determine whether PEEK implant abutments provide similar esthetic and biologic parameters and survival rates as zirconia implant abutments. Read More

J Esthet Restor Dent 2021 Apr 30. Epub 2021 Apr 30.

Department of Dentistry, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.

Objectives: To assess the discoloration of teeth treated with the different phases of calcium aluminate cement (CAC), in comparison with the conventional CAC and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA).

Materials And Methods: Fifty bovine incisors were prepared and filled. Two millimeters of the filling was removed to fabricate a cervical plug with the following cements (n=10): CA(CaO. Read More

Dent J (Basel) 2021 Apr 27;9(5). Epub 2021 Apr 27.

School of Odonto-Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder characterized by increased bone fragility and low bone mass, caused mainly by mutations in collagen type I encoding genes. The current study aimed to evaluate dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI), oral manifestations and caries status of OI children. Sixty-eight children (41 males, 27 females) aged from 3 to 17 years old (mean 9 ± 4. Read More

J Clin Med 2021 Apr 9;10(8). Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Institute of Dentistry and Oral Sciences, Medical Faculty, Palacký University Olomouc, 772 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic.

Regenerative endodontic procedure (REP) is a progressive treatment modality for immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulp. The ambiguousness about the predictability of REP outcome in relation to complete disinfection of the root canal system and the occurrence of discoloration still exists. The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze two treatment protocols on clinical success rate, radiographic root development and the occurrence of discoloration. Read More

Braz Dent J 2021 Jan-Feb;32(1):53-58

Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Taubaté, Taubaté, Brazil.

The endodontic revascularization may be an alternative treatment for necrotic immature teeth, however, several treatment steps may cause tooth discoloration. This study evaluated the use of three calcium silicate-based cements with different radiopacifying agents on the color alteration (∆E) of extracted premolars after simulation of revascularization. Forty single rooted extracted premolars were shaped with #1-6 gates Glidden drills, rinsed with sodium hypochlorite, and filled with fresh human blood. Read More

Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue 2021 Feb;30(1):100-103

Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology. Shanghai 200011, China.

Purpose: To study the clinical prognosis of laterally luxated primary teeth after 6-month follow-up without treatment.

Methods: Patients with laterally luxated primary teeth, visiting Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from March 2018 to March 2019, were selected for the study. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, totally 45 patients with 57 primary teeth were included. Read More

J Prosthet Dent 2021 Apr 23. Epub 2021 Apr 23.

Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Statement Of Problem: Monolithic zirconia restorations have been evaluated with in vitro studies, but limited clinical evidence of their longevity and reliability is available.

Purpose: The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the clinical performance of posterior multiunit glazed monolithic zirconia fixed dental prostheses.

Material And Methods: A total of 20 participants received 33 monolithic posterior zirconia fixed dental prostheses (Zolid white; Amann Girrbach AG) with minimally invasive preparations. Read More

Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2020 Nov-Dec;17(6):447-451. Epub 2020 Dec 10.

Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the discoloration of coronal tooth structure irrigated with different irrigation solutions and filled with calcium silicate-based materials containing bismuth oxide or calciumzirconia complex as radiopacifier.

Materials And Methods: In this study, 72 bovine enamel-dentin blocks were prepared and divided into three groups. The dentinal cavities in each group were irrigated with 5. Read More

J Adhes Dent 2021 Apr;23(2):91-110

Purpose: The goals of this review are (1) to describe the evidence behind the use of ceramics vs composite resin to restore teeth with anterior veneers using a minimally-invasive strategy; and (2) to discuss the choice of materials and techniques for anterior veneer restorations.

Overview: In recent years new adhesive restorative materials and techniques have been introduced in dentistry, including nanofilled composite resins for direct restorations, new ceramic materials that combine esthetics and strength, and polymer/ceramic materials for indirect restorations that are fabricated chairside using CAD/CAM technology, allowing the dentist to design, mill, and cement the restoration in one session. In spite of the novelty and new technology behind the introduction of new materials, the available evidence that backs some of these materials does not justify their use over similar materials or techniques that have been used by dentists for some years. Read More

Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021 Mar 30;34:102272. Epub 2021 Mar 30.

Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.

Background: Non-vital tooth discoloration is a common condition in dental practice. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the efficacy of intracoronal bleaching treatments of non-vital teeth either activated or not by Er,Cr:YSGG laser (2780 nm) operating at 1.25 or 2. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2021 14;38:38. Epub 2021 Jan 14.

Department of Restorative Dentistry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.

Introduction: patients´ satisfaction with their dental appearance and tooth colour is often influenced by certain factors which need to be addressed periodically among different populations.

Methods: a self-administered questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic data, questions on patients´ satisfaction with tooth colour, perceived malalignment of teeth, non-aesthetic anterior tooth-coloured restoration and presence of tooth fracture were distributed. Data collected was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM, SPSS version 20). Read More

J Orofac Orthop 2021 Mar 26. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Objective: To assess possible color changes of natural teeth after surgical orthodontic treatment.

Methods: This prospective controlled clinical pilot trial included 6 consecutively treated surgical orthodontic patients with class III malocclusion and neutral vertical relation (ST: surgical treatment), 3 of which received double jaw osteotomies (SGI: surgical subgroup I) and 3 received single mandibular sagittal split ramus osteotomies (SGII: surgical subgroup II). Eleven untreated individuals (UC: untreated control) and 9 individuals who received conventional comprehensive orthodontic treatment only (OC: orthodontic control) served as controls. Read More

Indian J Dent Res 2020 Nov-Dec;31(6):957-962

Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, K.S.R. Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tamil Nadu, India.

Objective: To systematically review the association between black stains and early childhood caries.

Methods: Seven electronic databases and hand search were carried out using keywords on black stains and early childhood caries. Articles published in English from January 1947 to January 2020 were included. Read More