Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Laryngorhinootologie 2019 Jan 9. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

Klinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm.Ärztlicher Direktor: Prof. Dr. med. Thomas Hoffmann.

Objective: In this study, symptoms associated with adenoids and hyperplasic palatine tonsils and parental expectation of surgical outcome were recorded, to provide realistic parental information prior to adenoidectomy (AT) ± tonsillotomy (ATT).

Material And Methods: In total n = 111 children (3-6 years, ♂ 65 % ♀ 35 %) were recruited, who received AT (66 %) or ATT (34 %) at ENT University Hospital Ulm. By questionnaire-based survey, the most common symptoms and the main reason for the operation were reported from parent's perspective (operation day, follow-up: 3. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Feb 1;117:171-174. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel. Electronic address:

Objective: To evaluate the incidence of tonsil and adenoid malignancy in pediatric patients in Israel compared to the known literature and to revisit the common practice of routine histopathologic examination of tonsils and adenoids.

Methods: Analysis of the Israel National Cancer Registry data on pediatric tonsil and adenoid malignancies between the years 2005 and 2015, and a systematic literature review of all relevant articles that reported on malignancies amongst pediatric patients who underwent tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy.

Results: Only seven cases of tonsillar malignancies were documented out of 152,352 (0. Read More

Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol 2018 1;2018:5406467. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil.

We sought to investigate the prevalence of potentially pathogenic bacteria in secretions and tonsillar tissues of children with chronic adenotonsillitis hypertrophy compared to controls. Prospective case-control study comparing patients between 2 and 12 years old who underwent adenotonsillectomy due to chronic adenotonsillar hypertrophy to children without disease. We compared detection of , , , and by real-time PCR in palatine tonsils, adenoids, and nasopharyngeal washes obtained from 37 children with and 14 without adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Read More

Future Microbiol 2018 12 28;13:1719-1730. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Otolaryngology & Head & Neck Surgery, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.

Aim: To study prevalence of Karolinska Institutet (KI) and Washington University (WU) polyomavirus (PyV) in 100 tonsils, 100 adenoids, 146 throat swab and 15 middle ear fluid samples collected from 146 patients (120 children and 26 adults), to analyze the sequence of  noncoding control region (NCCR) and complete WUPyV genomes.

Materials & Methods: Viruses were detected by quantitative real-time PCR. The NCCRs and WUPyV genomes were sequenced and analyzed. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Nov;97(47):e13205

We investigated the effects of tonsillectomy by low-temperature plasma on the growth development and psychological behavior in children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).This study included 72 moderate and severe OSAHS children with tonsils or adenoids hypertrophy, which were randomly assigned into either the study group (n = 36) or the control group (n = 36). Patients in study group underwent tonsillectomy by low-temperature plasma, while in the control group underwent tonsil-pecking, then the efficacy were compared. Read More

Sci Rep 2018 Nov 20;8(1):17088. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Department of Orthodontic Sciences, Tokyo Medical Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan.

Lymphoid tissues, such as adenoids (Ad) and tonsils (Tn), are suggested to undergo hypertrophy during childhood and involution in adulthood. Enlargement of Ad and Tn can cause transient obstruction of the respiratory airways, thus inducing obstructive sleep apnoea. To date, the standard Ad and Tn sizes have not been reported, and there are no explicit objective criteria for evaluating their sizes or deducing whether they have enlarged, reduced, or remained constant over time. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2018 Oct 22;18(1):529. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.

Background: Adenoviruses (AdV) are non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses with multiple serotypes, which cause a variety of end-organ disease in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. Some adenoviruses can become latent in the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (e.g. Read More

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018 Oct 11. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark.

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018 Oct 11. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Illawarra ENT, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018 Oct 11. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Centre for Social Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Nov 23;114:29-35. Epub 2018 Aug 23.

Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK; Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK.

Objective: Paediatric solid organ transplantation is an increasingly successful treatment. Improved survival is paralleled by increased secondary complications of immunosuppression, including post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD). PTLD frequently presents in Waldeyer's lymphatic ring. Read More

Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 2018 Aug;38(4):316-322

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Asklepios St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany.

Expression profiles of CXC- and CC-chemokines in various forms of tonsillar disease were studied to evaluate whether certain chemokines play a predominant role in a specific subset of tonsillar disease. Total RNA was isolated from 89 biopsies (21 hyperplastic palatine tonsils, 25 adenoids, 16 chronic inflammatory palatine tonsils and 27 chronic inflammatory palatine tonsils with histological prove of acute inflammation), reverse transcribed and subjected to PCR amplifying IL-8, Gro-alpha, eotaxin-1, eotaxin-2, MCP-3, MCP-4 and RANTES. 2% agarose gel electrophoresis revealed a predominance of IL-8 in the chronic inflammatory palatine tonsil group compared to tonsillar hyperplasia. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Oct 19;113:51-57. Epub 2018 Jul 19.

Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

Introduction: Culture-independent methods, based on bacterial 16 S rRNA gene sequencing, have been used previously to investigate the adenotonsillar microbiota. However, these studies have focused on a single sampling site (usually a surface swab). We aimed to investigate potential differences in adenotonsillar microbiota according to sampling location, both on and within the adenoids and palatine tonsils. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Oct 11;113:11-15. Epub 2018 Jul 11.

Hacettepe University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ankara, 06100, Turkey.

Objectives: Mouth breathing is an important health problem, commonly encountered in children. In children, adeno-tonsillar hypertrophy is the main reason causing partial or complete upper airway obstruction and reduction in airflow. This study aimed to determine the oral health status of children aged 3-15 years, with mouth breathing who were due to have surgery for adeno-tonsillar hypertrophy and referred to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at Children's Hospital of a University in Ankara, Turkey between January-July 2015. Read More

Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Nov - Dec;84(6):805. Epub 2018 Aug 7.

Baskent University School of Medicine, Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Department, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address:

Pediatr Radiol 2018 08 4;48(9):1223-1233. Epub 2018 Aug 4.

Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

Sleep-disordered breathing has a spectrum of severity that spans from snoring and partial airway collapse with increased upper airway resistance, to complete upper airway obstruction with obstructive sleep apnea during sleeping. While snoring occurs in up to 20% of children, obstructive sleep apnea affects approximately 1-5% of children. The obstruction that occurs in obstructive sleep apnea is the result of the airway collapsing during sleep, which causes arousal and impairs restful sleep. Read More

BMC Pediatr 2018 Jun 19;18(1):196. Epub 2018 Jun 19.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.

Background: Low vitamin D levels have been linked to the risk of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children. Although adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) is the major contributor to childhood SDB, the relationship between ATH and serum vitamin D is uncertain. We therefore investigated the relationship between vitamin D levels and associated factors in children with ATH. Read More

Postgrad Med J 2018 Jul 8;94(1113):398-403. Epub 2018 Jun 8.

Department of Surgery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

Pathogenic bacteria associated with the adenoids and tonsils cause much morbidity in the paediatric population. Hyperplasia of the adenoids is associated with otitis media with effusion and hyperplasia of the palatine tonsils is associated with both recurrent tonsillitis and obstructive sleep apnoea. Most current knowledge of the microbiology of the upper airways has been derived from culture-based studies, which usually reflect only a small fraction of the bacteria present on the mucosal surface. Read More

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018 Jul;144(7):594-603

Centre for Social Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Importance: Surgical removal of adenoids and tonsils to treat obstructed breathing or recurrent middle-ear infections remain common pediatric procedures; however, little is known about their long-term health consequences despite the fact that these lymphatic organs play important roles in the development and function of the immune system.

Objective: To estimate long-term disease risks associated with adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy, and adenotonsillectomy in childhood.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A population-based cohort study of up to 1 189 061 children born in Denmark between 1979 and 1999 and evaluated in linked national registers up to 2009, covering at least the first 10 and up to 30 years of their life, was carried out. Read More

Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 May;32(10):770-773

The First Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou, 514000, China.

To remove the immune function of children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome by resection of adenoids and tonsillar. The fasting peripheral venous blood of children with OSAHS and healthy children were collected. The lymphocyte subsets, NK cells and immunoglobulin levels were compared between the two groups. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Jul 3;110:76-80. Epub 2018 May 3.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa. Electronic address:

Introduction: Otitis media with effusion (OME) is a leading cause of acquired hearing loss in children worldwide. However, previous South African studies have consistently reported the local paediatric OME prevalence to be lower than typically published in international literature. Furthermore, no South African studies have investigated OME in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Jul 25;110:43-47. Epub 2018 Apr 25.

Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Neurosciences, ENT Clinic University of Siena, Italy.

Objectives: The purpose of this prospective study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of Streptococcus salivarius 24SMBc administered as a nasal spray in children affected by recurring infections of the upper airways, adenotonsillar hypertrophy, and sleep disordered breathing (SDB).

Methods: Prospective study on 42 children with SDB. Anamnestic and general examination data were collected using the 'Sleep Clinical Record' (SCR) questionnaire during the first inspection and after three months of treatment with Streptococcus salivarius 24SMBc nasal spray. Read More

Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017 Jul;31(14):1082-1085

Department of Otolaryngology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University.

To investigate the seasonal disturbations and the rates of detection of EpsteinBarr virus (EBV), Human Bocavirus(HBoV), and polyomaviruses KI and WU (KIPyV and WUPyV) in adenoid and tonsil tissues during the absence of acute infection symptoms.DNA expressions of EBV, HBoV, polyomaviruses KIPyV and WUPyV were investigated in children with chronic tonsillar and adenoidal diseases using real time polymerase chain reaction. The patients were divided into three group: adenoid group, chronic tonsillit group and hypertrophic tonsillitis group. Read More

Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017 Nov;31(22):1720-1723

Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China.

To analyze the complications of adenotonsilectomy assisted with coblation in children. Complications of 2 089 cases of children with adenoid and tonsil surgery assisted with coblation, in our hospital nearly 10 years, were analyzed by epidemiological methods through the method of retrospective analysis. ①the sex ratio of male to female was 2. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Jun 25;275(6):1579-1586. Epub 2018 Apr 25.

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Purpose: Both surgical treatment and non-surgical treatment are suggested by clinicians for children with habitual snoring related to adenotonsillar hypertrophy; However, how should the decision be made remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate potential predictors for the treatment decision, i.e. Read More

Am J Rhinol Allergy 2018 May 12;32(3):160-166. Epub 2018 Apr 12.

6 Department of Pediatrics, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.

Background Although the cause of adenotonsillar hypertrophy remains unknown, some studies have shown that allergy may be a risk factor. Purpose This study determined the levels of allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) in the adenotonsillar tissues of children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy and evaluated the clinical significance of local atopy in adenotonsillar tissues. Methods We measured 21 types of specific immunoglobulin E in the serum and adenotonsillar tissues of 102 children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy and compared the sensitization patterns of the serum and local tissues. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018 May 7;108:35-39. Epub 2018 Feb 7.

Health Science University, Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Adana, Turkiye.

Objective: Previous reports have indicated the association of allergy with Waldeyer's ring. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the correlation between the allergy and the number of eosinophils in the adenoid and tonsil tissue.

Methods: 101 children who were underwent adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy were prospectively enrolled in this study. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Apr 31;107:190-193. Epub 2018 Jan 31.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, West Virginia University, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. Electronic address:

Objectives: Describe the patterns of obstruction in persistent pediatric OSA and their relationship with patient weight.

Study Design: Retrospective review.

Methods: All pediatric DISE procedures performed at a tertiary care hospital between October 2010 and October 2015 were reviewed. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Apr 5;107:135-139. Epub 2018 Feb 5.

Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.

Introduction: Innate immunity molecules are known to play a pivotal role in the homeostasis of the oral mucosa, permitting the presence of commensal microflora and, at the same time, providing a first line of defense against pathogens attempting to invade the oral cavity. Tonsils represent the local immune tissue in oral cavity, being able to provide a non-specific response to pathogens; however, in the presence of microbes or foreign materials present in the mouth tonsils could became infected and develop chronic inflammation, thus leading to hypertrophy. The etiology of the disease is multifactorial depending upon environmental and host factors, the latter including molecules of mucosal innate immunity. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Feb 5;105:36-39. Epub 2017 Dec 5.

Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, ENT Clinic, Şişli, İstanbul, Turkey. Electronic address:

Objective: To investigate the beneficial effect of adenotonsillectomy (AT) on nocturnal enuresis (NE) in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy and evaluate the Modified Pediatric Epworth Scale (MPES).

Methods: This was a prospective study comparing preoperative and postoperative evaluation of the frequency of NE and MPES in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). A questionnaire on NE history was prepared based on the Turkish Enuresis Guidelines. Read More

BMC Pediatr 2018 02 7;18(1):35. Epub 2018 Feb 7.

Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, "Dana-Dwek" Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Background: Enlarged tonsils and adenoids are the major etiology of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children. Lymphatic hyperplasia is common to both OSA and celiac disease. We aimed to investigate the effect of a gluten-free diet on OSA symptoms in children with celiac disease. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018 04 19;275(4):1033. Epub 2018 Jan 19.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Sci Rep 2018 01 17;8(1):918. Epub 2018 Jan 17.

Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.

Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) and apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing catalytic polypeptide 3 (A3) family are cytidine deaminases that play critical roles in B-cell maturation, antiviral immunity and carcinogenesis. Adenoids and palatine tonsils are secondary lymphoid immune organs, in which AID and A3s are thought to have several physiological or pathological roles. However, the expression of AID or A3s in these organs has not been investigated. Read More

J Neurovirol 2018 Jun 12;24(3):314-322. Epub 2018 Jan 12.

Department of Biomedical, Surgical & Dental Sciences, University of Milano, Via Pascal 36, 20100, Milan, Italy.

Human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) asymptomatically infect the human population establishing latency in the host, and their seroprevalence can reach 90% in healthy adults. Few studies have focused on the pediatric population, and there are no reports regarding the seroprevalence of all the newly isolated HPyVs among Italian children. Therefore, we investigated the frequency of serum antibodies against 12 PyVs in 182 immunocompetent children from Northeast Italy, by means of a multiplex antibody detection system. Read More

Clin Imaging 2018 Jul - Aug;50:51-56. Epub 2017 Dec 16.

Children's national health system, 111 Michigan avenue NW, Washington, DC 20010, United States.

We aim to determine average volumes of the upper airway, adenoids and tonsils in preterm and term infants and assess for the differences according to weight, sex and ethnicity. The volumes of the upper airways, tonsils and adenoids were measured from brain MR images in 96 (49 preterm and 47 term) infants and compared using a two-tailed t-test (significant at p<0.05). Read More

Acta Otolaryngol 2018 May 29;138(5):483-486. Epub 2017 Nov 29.

b Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , Japan.

Background: Multifocal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection into the palatine and pharyngeal tonsils, which might be linked to a second primary tumor of HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer (OPC), was investigated.

Patients And Methods: One hundred and five patients with various head and neck diseases including 14 patients with OPC were enrolled in this study. Swabs from the palatine and pharyngeal tonsils were collected in each individual, and auto-nested GP5+/GP6+ PCR for HPV DNA was performed. Read More

Turk J Pediatr 2017 ;59(1):62-67

Department of Ophthalmology, Adıyaman University Research and Training Hospital, Adıyaman, Turkey.

Bayraktar C, Şimşek A. Evaluation of choroidal thickness measurements in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients. Turk J Pediatr 2017; 59: 62-67. Read More

Am J Otolaryngol 2018 Jan - Feb;39(1):56-64. Epub 2017 Oct 29.

New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Icahn school of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.

Significance: Current grading systems may not allow clinicians to reliably document and communicate adenotonsillar size in the clinical setting. A validated endoscopic grading system may be useful for reporting tonsillar size in future clinical outcome studies. This is especially important as tonsillar enlargement is the cause of a substantial health care burden on children. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2017 Oct;96(42):e8281

Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

This study aimed to retrospectively investigate the factors related to pediatric obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children younger than 6 years and those older than 6 years.A total of 437 children who were hospitalized due to OSAHS between January 2014 and December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. The children were further divided into OSAHS group and OSAHS + ADHD group. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018 04 17;275(4):1031-1032. Epub 2017 Oct 17.

Department of Clinical Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.

Laryngoscope 2018 06 9;128(6):1469-1475. Epub 2017 Oct 9.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Alt Penedes, Barcelona, Spain.

Objectives/hypothesis: The Tonsil and Adenoid Health Status Instrument (TAHSI) is a disease-specific questionnaire, intended for completion by parents, for assessing quality of life related to tonsil and adenoid disease or its treatment in children with throat disorders. The aim of this study was to validate the Spanish adaptation of the TAHSI, thus allowing comparison across studies and international multicenter projects.

Study Design: Multicenter prospective instrument validation study. Read More

Vestn Otorinolaringol 2017;82(4):22-24

State-financed Healthcare State Organization of Health 'L.I. Sverzhevskiy Research Institute of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology', Moscow Health Department, Moscow, Russia, 117152.

The authors studied the age-related features of the vascular organization of the adenoid tissue. A total of 46 subjects (n=46) were examined; they were divided into two groups one of which included subjects at the age from 7 to 12 years (n=25) whereas the other group was comprised of 21 subjects at the age from 18 to 42 years (n=21). 29 participants of the study were men (63%) and 17 (37%) women. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2017 Oct 22;101:41-46. Epub 2017 Jul 22.

Department of Otolaryngology, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey.

Objective: Comparison of left ventricular functions in preoperative and postoperative periods of children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) who have findings of upper airway obstruction (UAO), using echocardiographic parameters.

Methods: Thirty children who were diagnosed with UAO due to ATH, and who have undergone adenoidectomy/adenotonsillectomy and 30 healthy children, between 2 and 11 years of age, were included in the study. Patient group was evaluated by the pulsed wave tissue Doppler echocardiography, as well as with conventional echocardiography, before and 6 months after the operation. Read More

Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2017 10;152(4):442

Chongqing, China.

Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2017 10;152(4):442-443

Kagoshima, Niigata, and Himeji, Japan.

J Biol Regul Homeost Agents 2017 Jul-Sep(31)

Pediatric Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy

The oral cavity is a site of pivotal importance in the immune response to foreign antigens, ensuring tolerance induction to harmless agents but reactivity to potentially noxious antigens. Tolerance or reactivity are driven by a number of secondary lymphoid organs, all belonging to the Waldeyer ring, that include adenoids, tubal, palatine and lingual tonsils. Waldeyer’s ring tissues were acknowledged as implicated not only in the adaptive immune system but also in the innate immune system modulation, involving the toll-like receptors. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018 03 21;275(3):839-840. Epub 2017 Sep 21.

Department of Clinical Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.

J Craniofac Surg 2017 Oct;28(7):e640-e643

*Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery †Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey.

The relationship between intermittent nocturnal hypoxia and albuminuria in pediatric patients with adenotonsillar hypertrophy was evaluated in this prospective study. Fifty children with grade 3 to 4 adenotonsillar hypertrophy scheduled for adenoidectomy and/or adenotonsillectomy were selected for study group. Fifteen patients with adenotonsillar grade 1 to 2 or adenotonsillectomized subjects in a similar range of sex, age, and body mass index scheduled for other surgeries were selected for control group. Read More

Sci Rep 2017 Aug 29;7(1):9734. Epub 2017 Aug 29.

Department of Orthodontic Sciences, Tokyo Medical Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan.

When adenoids (Ad) and tonsils (Tn) become hypertrophied, craniofacial and general body growth is affected. However, there are no objective explicit criteria for evaluating the size of the Ad and Tn, and their respective growth patterns remain unclear. This study determined the average proportions of the Ad and Tn sizes to the upper airway area at various developmental stages in Japanese individuals. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2017 Sep 4;100:168-173. Epub 2017 Jul 4.

Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center Split, Spinčićeva 1, Split, Croatia.

Purpose Of The Study: The aim of the study was to propose "the risk formula" for obstructive sleep apnea in children according to the general and local clinical parameters and findings relevant for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity. The unmet need for this formula arises from the economic burden of polysomnography (device, staff, training, special sleep centers, etc) as the golden standard for the diagnostics.

Materials And Methods Used: The study was performed from January 2013 until January 2016 in the Sleep Center, Department for Neuroscience, School of Medicine of the University of Split, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Split, Croatia and ENT Dept. Read More