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Cell Transplant 2021 Jan-Dec;30:9636897211025230

Medical School of Kunming University, Kunming, China.

Radiation enteritis is the most common and serious complication of abdominal or pelvic radiation therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as well as cell protection agents, inhibit apoptosis and promote the proliferation of injured tissues. 3 human umbilical cords MSCs (UCMSCs) were injected into the tail vein or peritoneal cavity of a rat model of radiation enteritis. Read More

Sci Immunol 2021 06;6(60)

Mucosal Immunology Group, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark, Denmark.

Although CD8 T cell tolerance to tissue-specific antigen (TSA) is essential for host homeostasis, the mechanisms underlying peripheral cross-tolerance and whether they may differ between tissue sites remain to be fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that peripheral cross-tolerance to intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)-derived antigen involves the generation and suppressive function of FoxP3CD8 T cells. FoxP3CD8 T generation was dependent on intestinal cDC1, whose absence led to a break of tolerance and epithelial destruction. Read More

J Dairy Sci 2021 Aug 10;104(8):9263-9275. Epub 2021 May 10.

College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China. Electronic address:

The newborn gut undergoes rapid colonization by commensal microorganisms and possible exposure to pathogens. The contribution of colostrum intake to host protection is well known; however, limited research exists on the intestinal innate immunity corresponding to colostrum intake during the passive immune transfer period in newborn ruminants. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in bacterial community and expression of genes encoding toll-like receptors (TLR), mucins (MUC), antimicrobial peptides, and tight junctions in the jejunum of lambs that were fed colostrum during the first 24 h of life. Read More

Cell Rep 2021 05;35(6):109093

Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, County Cork P61 C996, Ireland; VistaMilk Research Centre, Teagasc, Moorepark, Fermoy, County Cork P61 C996, Ireland. Electronic address:

We investigated how protein quantity (10%-30%) and quality (casein and whey) interact with dietary fat (20%-55%) to affect metabolic health in adult mice. Although dietary fat was the main driver of body weight gain and individual tissue weight, high (30%) casein intake accentuated and high whey intake reduced the negative metabolic aspects of high fat. Jejunum and liver transcriptomics revealed increased intestinal permeability, low-grade inflammation, altered lipid metabolism, and liver dysfunction in casein-fed but not whey-fed animals. Read More

Metabolism 2021 01 21;114:154409. Epub 2020 Oct 21.

College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China. Electronic address:

Background And Objectives: The gut-liver axis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and increased intestinal permeability causes transfer of endotoxin to the liver, which activates the immune response, ultimately leading to hepatic inflammation. Nuclear receptor Rev-erbα is a critical regulator of circadian rhythm, cellular metabolism, and inflammatory responses. However, the role and mechanism of Rev-erbα in gut barrier function and NASH remain unclear. Read More

J Dairy Sci 2020 Oct 31;103(10):9515-9524. Epub 2020 Jul 31.

Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China. Electronic address:

The contribution of colostrum to passive immunity transfer and intestinal protection is well known; however, the effects of colostrum intake on the expression of antimicrobial peptides (AP) and Fc receptors in the intestine of neonatal calves are unclear. Our aim was to investigate changes in the expression of AP and Fc receptor in the small intestine of calves in the first 36 h postpartum. Twenty-four Holstein bull calves were used in this study, of which 18 calves were administered 3. Read More

Theranostics 2020 12;10(17):7561-7580. Epub 2020 Jun 12.

Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, China.

Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), a key factor in intestinal rehabilitation therapy of short bowel syndrome (SBS), may require cell-to-cell communication to exert its biological functions. However, understanding of the mechanism remains elusive. Here, we report participation of exosomal miR-125a/b in GLP-2 mediated intestinal epithelial cells-myofibroblasts cross-talk in intestinal microenvironment. Read More

J Dairy Sci 2020 Sep 16;103(9):8615-8628. Epub 2020 Jul 16.

Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2P5, Canada; Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. Electronic address:

The early development of immunity and microbiota in the gut of newborn calves can have life-long consequences. Gut microbiota and the intestinal barrier interplay after birth, establishing a homeostatic state whereby mucosal cells cohabit with microorganisms to develop a healthy gut. We hypothesized that postnatal codevelopment of gut immunity and microbiota could be influenced by early-life supplementation with live yeast. Read More

Ann Plast Surg 2020 12;85(6):638-644

From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku.

Background: Reconstruction after esophagectomy is conventionally performed with a gastric conduit. However, in cases where a gastric conduit is unavailable, reconstructive procedures vary in terms of flap type, operative timing, and conduit route. Single-stage surgery is associated with a long operation time and high surgical stress, resulting in perioperative mortality. Read More

Pharm Res 2020 May 11;37(6):92. Epub 2020 May 11.

Université de Toulouse, UPS/CNRS, IMRCP, Toulouse, France.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate organogel nanoparticles as a lipophilic vehicle to increase the oral bioavailability of poorly soluble compounds. Efavirenz (EFV), a Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) Class II, was used as drug model.

Methods: Organogel nanoparticles loaded with EFV were formulated with sunflower oil, 12-hydroxystearic acid (HSA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Read More

J Agric Food Chem 2020 Apr 17;68(17):4830-4843. Epub 2020 Apr 17.

Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.

The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of early fecal microbial transfer (FMT) on the microflora of recipient piglets, where Yorkshire newborn piglets and Min sows (an indigenous pig breed in China) were used as the fecal recipients and donors, respectively, to reveal the changes in immunity and development-related functions of the intestinal mucosa driven by FMT. The recipient group was inoculated with fecal microbial fluids from days 1 to 10. On day 21, the relative abundance of the was reduced; the concentrations of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the jejunal mucosa, and that of IgG in the ileal mucosa of the recipient group, were increased ( < 0. Read More

Cells 2020 03 28;9(4). Epub 2020 Mar 28.

Division of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department for Small Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria.

Functional intestinal disorders constitute major, potentially lethal health problems in humans. Consequently, research focuses on elucidating the underlying pathobiological mechanisms and establishing therapeutic strategies. In this context, intestinal organoids have emerged as a potent in vitro model as they faithfully recapitulate the structure and function of the intestinal segment they represent. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2019 Jul 25;7(7):e2305. Epub 2019 Jul 25.

Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.

This case report describes a recent case where a patient with hypopharyngeal cancer underwent resection and reconstruction with a free jejunum flap and the surgeons found a rare variation in the branching pattern of the common carotid artery. Specifically, the left facial artery arose directly from the common carotid artery, whereas the left superior thyroid artery arose from the facial artery. This branching pattern has not been reported previously. Read More

Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2020 01 25;318(1):G189-G202. Epub 2019 Nov 25.

Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, California.

The capacity of the colon to absorb microbially produced amino acids (AAs) and the underlying mechanisms of AA transport are incompletely defined. We measured the profile of 16 fecal AAs along the rat ceco-colonic axis and compared unidirectional absorptive AA fluxes across mucosal tissues isolated from the rat jejunum, cecum, and proximal colon using an Ussing chamber approach, in conjunction with H-NMR and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry chemical analyses. Passage of stool from cecum to midcolon was associated with segment-specific changes in fecal AA composition and a decrease in total AA content. Read More

J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2020 Mar 4;73(3):590-597. Epub 2019 Oct 4.

Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Objective: This study used an experimental model mimicking early postoperative enteral feeding after the transfer of free jejunal flap and tested the hypothesis that jejunal infusion with dextrose or saline is associated with improved tissue perfusion and/or less mucosal damage after ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury.

Methods: Thirty-five male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: sham group (no IR and no intraluminal infusion); IR control group (IR but not intraluminal infusion); IR plus intraluminal 0.9% NaCl infusion or 5% dextrose or 10% dextrose infusion groups. Read More

J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020 Jan 7;104(1):343-351. Epub 2019 Nov 7.

Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.

Various feeding studies have been conducted with the different species of animals to evaluate the possible transfer of transgenic DNA (tDNA) from genetically modified (GM) feed into the animal tissues. However, the conclusions drawn from most of such studies are sometimes controversial. Thus, in the present study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the fate of tDNA in rabbits raised on GM cotton-based diet through PCR analysis of the DNA extracted specifically from blood, liver, kidney, heart and intestine (jejunum). Read More

NAR Genom Bioinform 2020 Mar 30;2(1):lqz010. Epub 2019 Oct 30.

Department of Pharmacy and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-75123, Sweden.

Genes and proteins show variable expression patterns throughout the human body. However, it is not clear whether relative differences in mRNA concentrations are retained on the protein level. Furthermore, inter-individual protein concentration variability within single tissue types has not been comprehensively explored. Read More

Int J Biol Macromol 2020 Jan 5;142:311-319. Epub 2019 Oct 5.

Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China. Electronic address:

Safety assessment must be conducted before the commercial release of transgenic silkworms. This study was conducted to assess the potential of transferring transgenic DNA from silkworms to other organisms. One hundred hatched male chickens were evenly assigned into 4 groups (T1-4). Read More

Front Immunol 2019 10;10:2132. Epub 2019 Sep 10.

Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) exerts immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects in the animal model of experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) in the Lewis rat. DMF has been shown to modulate gut microbiota in veterinary medicine, however the effects of oral DMF on the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) remain unknown. Lewis rats were treated orally twice daily with DMF up to day 10 after immunization with immunogenic P2 peptide. Read More

Microsurgery 2019 Sep 8;39(6):497-501. Epub 2019 Jul 8.

Department of Plastic Surgery, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.

Background: Vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) is a well-established method for the surgical management of refractory extremity lymphedema. Generally, donor lymph nodes are harvested from the axilla, groin, or supraclavicular area. However, these sites offer their own disadvantages and introduce risk for inducing lymphedema at the surgical donor site. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 07;144(1):124-133

From the Departments of Plastic Surgery, Physiology, and Pathology, Marmara University; and the Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Utah.

Background: Free jejunal flaps are among the most commonly used flaps for esophageal reconstruction. However, ischemia-reperfusion injury caused by warm ischemia seen during transfer limits their use. Iloprost, a prostacyclin analogue, has been shown to reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury in various organs. Read More

Ann Plast Surg 2019 09;83(3):305-307

From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan.

Purpose: The use of externalized jejunal monitoring flaps for jejunum transfers could be facilitative for the direct clinical assessment. Although this monitoring method would seem to be highly reliable, we modified this method and used mesentery only as a monitor to make it easy to manage the monitor more.

Methods: Between 2013 and 2018, 43 patients underwent vascularized jejunum transfer for reconstruction of laryngopharyngectomy using the externalized mesentery monitor. Read More

Acta Clin Croat 2018 Dec;57(4):673-680

University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia.

- There are several options for hypopharyngeal reconstruction depending on defect size. Reconstructive options include primary closure, local flaps, regional axial flaps or regional intestinal flaps, and free flap transfer with skin or intestinal free flaps. The preferred method of reconstruction should minimize early postoperative complications that prolong hospital stay and/or become life threatening, ensure early restoration of function and decrease donor site morbidity. Read More

Ann Surg Oncol 2019 Jul 15;26(7):2122-2126. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kagawa Rosai Hospital, Marugame, Kagawa, Japan.

Introduction: Given the few reports regarding the salvage methods for managing jejunal necrosis, finding candidates for a meta-analysis or systematic review is difficult. Thus, this study aimed to describe the interventions for jejunal necrosis and investigate important points relating to this condition.

Methods: The interventions used to treat free jejunal necrosis are external fistula formation with jejunal debridement, secondary reconstruction of the local site, and overall status improvement, and re-free jejunal transfer with removal of the necrotic jejunum. Read More

BMC Res Notes 2018 Oct 11;11(1):719. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173, Hannover, Germany.

Objective: Chloride (Cl) secretion is crucial for intestinal fluid secretion. Therefore, effects of the polyphenol Resveratrol (RSV) on Cl secretion have been investigated. In a previous study, we observed effects of RSV on forskolin-induced Cl secretion in the porcine jejunum but not the ileum although RSV itself induced a transepithelial ion current that may represent Cl secretion in the ileum. Read More

Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018 09;38(9):2198-2206

Department of Biochemistry (L.D.), University Hospital, Dijon, France.

Objective- Treatment with liraglutide, a GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) agonist, has been shown to reduce postprandial lipidemia, an important feature of diabetic dyslipidemia. However, the underlying mechanisms for this effect remain unknown. This prompted us to study the effect of liraglutide on the metabolism of ApoB48 (apolipoprotein B48). Read More

Head Neck 2018 10 13;40(10):2210-2218. Epub 2018 May 13.

Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka Prefectural Hospital Organization, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan.

Background: In pharyngoesophageal reconstruction, we transferred a long jejunum flap containing multiple pedicles to achieve a 100% flap survival rate, and used the redundant mesentery to cover important tissues and fill in the dead space to reduce common postoperative complications, such as surgical site infections and fistula formation.

Methods: A total of 243 jejunal flap transfers with multiple vascular anastomoses were reviewed to examine flap survival and rates of early postoperative complications, such as surgical site infections and fistula formation, perioperative mortality, and donor site morbidity.

Results: All 243 jejunal flaps survived without any partial necrosis. Read More

Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018 06 28;1864(6 Pt A):2131-2142. Epub 2018 Mar 28.

Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Via Porcellasco 7/f, Cremona 26100, Italy; Dept. of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy. Electronic address:

Leigh syndrome (LS) associated with cytochrome c oxidase (COX) deficiency is an early onset, fatal mitochondrial encephalopathy, leading to multiple neurological failure and eventually death, usually in the first decade of life. Mutations in SURF1, a nuclear gene encoding a mitochondrial protein involved in COX assembly, are among the most common causes of LS. LS patients display severe, isolated COX deficiency in all tissues, including cultured fibroblasts and skeletal muscle. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg 2018 03;141(3):468e-469e

Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

J Dairy Sci 2018 Apr 4;101(4):3099-3109. Epub 2018 Feb 4.

Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5. Electronic address:

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of time of first colostrum feeding on the passive transfer of IgG and on bacterial colonization in the intestine of neonatal dairy calves. Twenty-seven male Holstein calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments at birth: calves were fed colostrum at 45 min (0 h, n = 9), 6 h (n = 9), or 12 h after birth (n = 9). Calves were fed pooled, heat-treated colostrum (62 g of IgG/L) at their respective feeding times at 7. Read More