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    PTX3: A Potential Biomarker in Thyroid Associated Ophthalmopathy.
    Biomed Res Int 2018 20;2018:5961974. Epub 2018 Feb 20.
    Department of Ophthalmology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
    Background: Thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is an autoimmune disease, which involves inflammation and tissue remodeling. Pentraxin-3 (PTX3) is a component of innate immune system and recently implicated in autoimmunity. This observation may indicate that PTX3 participates in the inflammatory process of TAO. Read More
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    Metabolic Bone Superscan in Carcinoma Breast with Occult Graves' Disease: Looking Beyond Skeletal Metastases.
    Indian J Nucl Med 2018 Apr-Jun;33(2):145-147
    Department of Nuclear Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
    Extrathyroidal manifestations of autoimmune thyroid disorders include thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy, thyroid dermopathy, and thyroid acropachy. Thyroid acropachy is an extreme manifestation of autoimmune thyroid disorder characterized by clubbing and swelling of fingers and toes, with or without periosteal reaction of the distal bones. We present a 50-year-old woman, posttreatment for carcinoma breast (6 years back) and referred for bone scan for generalized body ache. Read More
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    Evidence that Graves' Ophthalmopathy Immunoglobulins Do Not Directly Activate IGF-1 Receptors.
    Thyroid 2018 Apr 10. Epub 2018 Apr 10.
    National Institutes of Diabetes, Digestive & Kidney, Laboratory of Endocrinolgy and Receptor Biology , Rm 4134 , 50 South Drive , NIH , Bethesda, Maryland, United States , 20892-8029 ;
    Background: Graves' Ophthalmopathy (GO) pathogenesis involves TSH receptor (TSHR)-stimulating auto-antibodies. Whether there are auto-antibodies (stimulating IGFRAbs) that directly stimulate IGF-1 receptors (IGF-1Rs) remains controversial. Herein we attempt to determine whether there are stimulating IGFRAbs in patients with GO. Read More
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    Original endoscopic orbital decompression of lateral wall through hairline approach for Graves' ophthalmopathy: an innovation of balanced orbital decompression.
    Ther Clin Risk Manag 2018 26;14:607-616. Epub 2018 Mar 26.
    Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
    Background: Orbital decompression is an important surgical procedure for treatment of Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO), especially in women. It is reasonable for balanced orbital decompression of the lateral and medial wall. Various surgical approaches, including endoscopic transnasal surgery for medial wall and eye-side skin incision surgery for lateral wall, are being used nowadays, but many of them lack the validity, safety, or cosmetic effect. Read More
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    Efficacy and Safety of Rituximab for the Treatment of Graves' Orbitopathy: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
    Pharmacotherapy 2018 Mar 30. Epub 2018 Mar 30.
    Center for Evidence-Based Health Care, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
    Study Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of rituximab in patients with Graves' orbitopathy (GO).

    Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of four randomized controlled trials.

    Patients: A total of 293 patients with GO who received rituximab or control (either glucocorticoids, the established first-line therapy [three trials], or saline [one trial]). Read More
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    Severe Inflammatory Ophthalmopathy in a Euthyroid Patient during Nivolumab Treatment.
    Eur Thyroid J 2018 Mar 4;7(2):84-87. Epub 2018 Jan 4.
    Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Larrey University Hospital, Toulouse, France.
    Introduction: Nivolumab is a promising treatment in patients with advanced malignancies. Among immune-related adverse events, autoimmune thyroid disorders are frequently reported.

    Patient: A 61-year-old male patient had no history of familial or personal thyroid disease. Read More
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    Vitamin D in Graves Disease: Levels, Correlation with Laboratory and Clinical Parameters, and Genetics.
    Eur Thyroid J 2018 Jan 21;7(1):27-33. Epub 2017 Nov 21.
    Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Objective: The aim was to compare the vitamin D levels in patients with Graves disease (GD) with the general population and to correlate the vitamin D levels with laboratory and clinical parameters in GD. Moreover, we examined the genetic variation in genes involved in the vitamin D metabolism and their association with GD.

    Methods: The levels of vitamin D were compared in 292 patients with newly diagnosed GD and 2,305 controls. Read More
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    [Influence of glucocorticoid therapy on intratherapeutic biodistribution of 131I radioiodine therapy in Graves' disease].
    Nuklearmedizin 2018 Apr 28;57(2):43-49. Epub 2018 Mar 28.
    Aim: Radioiodine therapy (RIT) is an important therapeutic method in the definitive treatment of Graves' disease (GD). However, RIT may trigger development of Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) or exacerbate a pre-existing GO. Therefore, the procedure recommendation of the DGN (German Society of Nuclear Medicine) for RIT of benign thyroid diseases recommends an additional glucocorticoid therapy for patients with pre-existing GO. Read More
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    Evaluation and Management of the Child with Thyrotoxicosis.
    Recent Pat Endocr Metab Immune Drug Discov 2018 Mar 26. Epub 2018 Mar 26.
    Departments of Medicine, Community Health Sciences, and Oncology, The University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta. Canada.
    Background: Uncontrolled thyrotoxicosis, especially in early infancy, may cause irreversible damage to the central nervous system as well as profound effects on the function of many organs. Thyrotoxicosis has multiple etiologies and treatment depends on the underlying etiology. An accurate diagnosis is essential so that appropriate treatment can be initiated without undue delay. Read More
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    Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of extraocular muscles in patients with Grave's ophthalmopathy using turbo field echo with diffusion-sensitized driven-equilibrium preparation.
    Diagn Interv Imaging 2018 Mar 20. Epub 2018 Mar 20.
    Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
    Purpose: The purpose of this study was to correlate diffusivity of extraocular muscles, measured by three-dimensional turbo field echo (3DTFE) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging using diffusion-sensitized driven-equilibrium preparation, with their size and activity in patients with Grave's ophthalmopathy.

    Materials And Methods: Twenty-three patients with Grave's ophthalmopathy were included. There were 17 women and 6 men with a mean age of 55. Read More
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    Serum Trace Elements Profile in Graves' Disease Patients with or without Orbitopathy in Northeast China.
    Biomed Res Int 2018 10;2018:3029379. Epub 2018 Jan 10.
    Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, No. 155, North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, China.
    Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate serum trace elements in Graves' disease (GD) patients with or without orbitopathy in Northeast China.

    Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed Graves' disease (HyGD) ( = 66), GD patients with euthyroid status or subclinical thyroidism after treatment (EUGD) ( = 55), GO patients with euthyroid status or subclinical thyroidism after treatment (GO) ( = 57), and normal controls (NC) ( = 66) were enrolled in this study. Serum trace elements were measured with ICP-MS. Read More
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    Elevated serum concentrations of metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-9) and their inhibitors (TIMP-1, TIMP-2) in patients with Graves' orbitopathy.
    Adv Clin Exp Med 2018 Jan;27(1):99-103
    Department of Hematology, Blood Neoplasms and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland.
    Background: Graves' orbitopathy (GO), also known as thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy, is characterized by dramatic tissue reactivity. Both inflammation and tissue remodeling characterize the clinical course of GO. Some data has been found regarding the association of MMPs and TIMPs in GO. Read More
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    Extraocular muscle repositioning as the last therapeutic option for a patient with a severe course of Graves' Ophthalmopathy: a case report.
    BMC Ophthalmol 2018 Feb 27;18(1):56. Epub 2018 Feb 27.
    Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, D-81675, Munich, Germany.
    Background: Graves' disease is a common autoimmune inflammatory condition of the thyroid. About one in four of affected patients also develop orbital symptoms like exophthalmos, proptosis and diplopia - called Graves' Ophthalmopathy. Not all patients respond well to the standard therapy of systemic glucocorticoid administration. Read More
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    A single-center retrospective study of factors related to the effects of intravenous glucocorticoid therapy in moderate-to-severe and active thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.
    BMC Endocr Disord 2018 Feb 20;18(1):13. Epub 2018 Feb 20.
    Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, No. 639 ZhiZaoJu Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
    Background: Intravenous glucocorticoids (ivGC) have been recommended as a first-line treatment of moderate-to-severe and active thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). However, not all patients are responsive to ivGC. The identification of potential factors used to predict their efficacy and the selection of suitable patients have both been lacking. Read More
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    Does rituximab improve clinical outcomes of patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    BMC Ophthalmol 2018 Feb 17;18(1):46. Epub 2018 Feb 17.
    Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
    Background: The current therapies of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) were still a challenging matter. In this study, we aimed to contrast the impact of before- after rituximab (RTX) therapy in the patients with TAO.

    Methods: We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and SCOPUS databases for articles published up to July 3, 2017. Read More
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    Utility of rituximab treatment for exophthalmos, myxedema, and osteoarthropathy syndrome resistant to corticosteroids due to Graves' disease: a case report.
    J Med Case Rep 2018 Feb 16;12(1):38. Epub 2018 Feb 16.
    Departamento de Endocrinología, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico.
    Background: Exophthalmos, myxedema, and osteoarthropathy syndrome is a very rare condition that is associated with Graves' disease. The presence of dermopathy and the involvement of joint/bone tissues indicate that it seems to be related with the severity of the autoimmune process. Owing to its low incidence, there is a lack of information regarding its treatment and clinical follow-up. Read More
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    Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Thyroid-associated Orbitopathy in Accra.
    Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2017 Oct-Dec;24(4):183-189
    Department of Surgery, Eye Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
    Purpose: Thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO), a clinical manifestation of Graves' disease, is an autoimmune disorder of the orbital and periorbital tissue. Data on the epidemiology and clinical presentation of TAO in Africa are generally scarce and unavailable in Ghana. We investigated the epidemiology and clinical features of TAO among patients with thyroid disorders attending the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra. Read More
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    Modulation of hyaluronan polymer size regulates proliferation of perimysial fibroblasts in thyroid eye disease.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018 02 5;496(4):1376-1381. Epub 2018 Feb 5.
    Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:
    In active thyroid eye disease (TED), the extraocular muscles feature excessive hyaluronan (HA) accumulation and increased fibroblast proliferation. To investigate the effects of HA on proliferation, we cultured perimysial fibroblasts from extraocular muscles of active TED patients, and adopted IGF-1 and PH20 as modulators for HA concentration and HA polymer size. Based on the results, IGF-1 increased HA concentration, promoted high molecular weight HA (HMW-HA) proportion and stimulated fibroblast proliferation. Read More
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    Establishment of magnetic resonance imaging 3D reconstruction technology of orbital soft tissue and its preliminary application in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.
    Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2018 May 6;88(5):637-644. Epub 2018 Mar 6.
    Department of Anatomy, Southern Medical University School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou, China.
    Objective: Effective management of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) requires precise identification of the disease activity period as it is responsive to immunosuppressive treatment. Quantitative evaluations of orbital soft tissue are useful for analysing disease stages. We aimed to establish a method for orbital soft tissue volume calculation based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data using 3D reconstruction technology. Read More
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    Serum selenium and selenoprotein-P levels in autoimmune thyroid diseases patients in a select center: a transversal study.
    Arch Endocrinol Metab 2017 Dec;61(6):600-607
    Endocrinología, Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual (IAMSPE), São Paulo, SP Brasil.
    Objective: Selenium (Se) supplementation has been used to help prevent the progression of Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) and autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) patients. We investigated Se serum and selenoprotein P (SePP) levels in Graves' disease (GD) with and without GO, Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) patients and in 27 control individuals (C).

    Subjects And Methods: We studied 54 female and 19 male patients: 19 with GD without GO, 21 GD with GO, 14 with HT and 19 with HT+LT4. Read More
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    Combined immunosuppression and radiotherapy in thyroid eye disease (CIRTED): a multicentre, 2 × 2 factorial, double-blind, randomised controlled trial.
    Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2018 04 31;6(4):299-309. Epub 2018 Jan 31.
    Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Thyroid Research Group, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK; University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.
    Background: Standard treatment for thyroid eye disease is with systemic corticosteroids. We aimed to establish whether orbital radiotherapy or antiproliferative immunosuppression would confer any additional benefit.

    Methods: CIRTED was a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial with a 2 × 2 factorial design done at six centres in the UK. Read More
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    Thyroid-associated orbitopathy in patients with thyroid carcinoma: A case report of 5 cases.
    Medicine (Baltimore) 2017 Nov;96(47):e8768
    Department of Internal Medicine.
    Rationale: Thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) is most often seen in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease. Data about TAO occurred in patients with thyroid carcinoma are rare. We give a report of 5 patients to present the clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of this type of case. Read More
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    Is there a clinical usefulness for radiolabeled somatostatin analogues beyond the consolidated role in NETs?
    Indian J Radiol Imaging 2017 Oct-Dec;27(4):509-516
    Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, F. Magrassi, A. Lanzara, Seconda Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy.
    The somatostatin (SS) receptor scintigraphy (SRS), using octreotide radiolabelled with In (Ocreoscan©, OCT), is a consolidated diagnostic procedure in patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NET) because of an increased expression of somatostatin receptors (SS-R) on neoplastic cells. Uptake of SS analogues (SSA) can also be due to SS-R expression on nonmalignant cells when activated as lymphocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts, vascular cells. Because of this uptake, clinical indications can be found either in neoplasms not overexpressing SS-R, as nonsmall cell lung cancer, and in active benign diseases. Read More
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    A Promising Modified Procedure for Upper Eyelid Retraction-Associated Graves' Ophthalmopathy: Transconjunctival Lateral Levator Aponeurectomy.
    Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol 2017 ;6(2):44-48
    Isfahan Eye Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
    Upper eyelid retraction is a characteristic feature of thyroid eye disease, including Graves' orbitopathy. In this study, a new surgical technique for correction of lid retraction secondary to Graves' orbitopathy is described. Sixteen eyelids of patients older than 18 years old underwent surgical correction for moderate to severe lid retraction secondary to Graves' orbitopathy. Read More
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    Recurrence of Graves' disease in ectopic thyroid tissue.
    BMJ Case Rep 2018 Jan 23;2018. Epub 2018 Jan 23.
    Department of Endocrinology, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
    A 40-year-old woman with a history of Graves' disease status postorbital decompression for severe ophthalmopathy underwent total thyroidectomy by a high volume thyroid surgeon in July 2013 with a benign final pathology. Eight months later, she presented with a mass on the right anterior neck that showed minimal growth over time. Her thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody levels were consistently elevated and increasing. Read More
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    High Serum Cholesterol Is a Novel Risk Factor for Graves' Orbitopathy: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study.
    Thyroid 2018 Mar 9;28(3):386-394. Epub 2018 Feb 9.
    1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Units, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa , Pisa, Italy .
    Background: Limited data suggest that treatment with statins is associated with a reduced risk of Graves' orbitopathy (GO) in patients with Graves' disease (GD), attributed to the anti-inflammatory rather than to the hypolipemic effects of these medications. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether there is an association between high cholesterol and GO. The primary outcome was the relation between GO and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol. Read More
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    Exophthalmos in a young woman with no graves' disease - a case report of IgG4-related orbitopathy.
    BMC Ophthalmol 2018 Jan 12;18(1). Epub 2018 Jan 12.
    Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt 98, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
    Background: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-rd) is characterized by lymphoplasmacytic infiltration and tissue fibrosis. Orbital manifestations of IgG4-rd may include unilateral or bilateral proptosis, cicatricial extraocular muscle myopathy, orbital inflammation and pain which may mimic ophthalmic Graves' disease.

    Case Presentation: A 25-year-old woman has been referred to the endocrinology clinic, 4 months after delivery, with suspected Graves' orbitopathy. Read More
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    A MicroRNA Signature for Evaluation of Risk and Severity of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases.
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018 Mar;103(3):1139-1150
    Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
    Context: Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as an interesting research area because of their potential role as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Their involvement in autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) has not been fully explored.

    Objective: To compare the expression profile of miRNAs in thyroid tissue from patients with AITD and controls, using next-generation sequencing, further validated our findings in thyroid and serum samples. Read More
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    IGF-I receptor and thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.
    J Mol Endocrinol 2017 Dec 22. Epub 2017 Dec 22.
    T Smith, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
    Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is a vexing and poorly understood autoimmune process involving the upper face and tissues surrounding the eyes. In TAO, the orbit can become inflamed and undergo substantial remodeling that is disfiguring and can lead to loss of vision. These are currently no approved medical therapies for TAO, the consequence of its uncertain pathogenic nature. Read More
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    Three dimensional orbital magnetic resonance T2-mapping in the evaluation of patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy.
    J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci 2017 Dec 21;37(6):938-942. Epub 2017 Dec 21.
    Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
    The clinical application of orbital magnetic resonance (MR) T2-mapping imaging in detecting the disease activity of Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO), and the predictive values of therapy response to intravenous glucocorticoid (ivGC) were investigated. Approved by the local institutional review board (IRB), 106 consecutive patients with GO were included in this prospective study. All subjects were divided into two groups according to the patients' clinical activity score (CAS): the CAS positive group (CAS ≥3) or the CAS negative group (CAS <3). Read More
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    Ultrasonographic motion analysis of lower eyelid compartments in patients with chronic thyroid associated ophthalmopathy.
    J Curr Ophthalmol 2017 Dec 10;29(4):310-317. Epub 2017 Aug 10.
    Division of Orbital and Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
    Purpose: To present the qualitative and quantitative ultrasonographic findings of lower eyelid compartments in patients with chronic thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) compared to normal subjects.

    Methods: In a prospective study, dynamic and static ultrasonographic investigation, applying high resolution (15 MHz) ultrasound was performed to assess the lower eyelid, in 15 TAO patients that were in chronic phase and 10 normal subjects. The thickness and echogenisity of dermis, orbicular oculi muscle, lower eyelid retractor muscle, lower eyelid fat pads, and their qualitative relationships during vertical excursion of the globe were evaluated in static and dynamic investigation. Read More
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    TSH-receptor autoantibodies: pathophysiology, assay methods, and clinical applications.
    Minerva Endocrinol 2017 Dec 21. Epub 2017 Dec 21.
    Division for Specific Endocrinology, Medical Faculty, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.
    TSH receptor antibodies (TRAbs) are characteristic indicators for the common autoimmune thyroid disease Graves' disease (GD). In almost all patients stimulating TRAbs are found leading to hyperthyroidism as these antibodies act in an agonistic manner to TSH. Besides stimulating TRAbs, other TRAbs are also frequently found leading to inhibition of TSH receptor signaling (blocking TRAbs) or to the activation of different signaling cascades resulting in e. Read More
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    Optic nerve compression: the role of the lamina cribrosa and translaminar pressure.
    Int J Ophthalmol 2017 18;10(12):1883-1888. Epub 2017 Dec 18.
    Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80100, Italy.
    Aim: To describe the morphological changes of the lamina cribrosa (LC) in patients with optic nerve compression.

    Methods: Cross-sectional study. Twenty eyes with optic nerve compression, affected by Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) were compared with 18 refractive error-matched healthy eyes. Read More
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    Antioxidant effects of β-carotene, but not of retinol and vitamin E, in orbital fibroblasts from patients with Graves' orbitopathy (GO).
    J Endocrinol Invest 2017 Dec 18. Epub 2017 Dec 18.
    Endocrinology Unit I, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
    Background: Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of Graves' orbitopathy (GO) and several antioxidant agents, namely, selenium, quercetin, enalapril, vitamin C, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, and melatonin, have been shown to reduce oxidative stress and its consequences in primary culture of orbital fibroblasts. In addition, selenium is effective for the treatment of mild GO. Here, we investigated the action of three additional antioxidants in orbital fibroblasts, namely, retinol, β-carotene, and vitamin E. Read More
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    The efficacy of intensity modulated radiation therapy in treating thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy and predictive factors for treatment response.
    Sci Rep 2017 Dec 13;7(1):17533. Epub 2017 Dec 13.
    Department of Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.
    The study evaluated clinical efficacy of intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in treating patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) and defined predictive factors that associated with treatment response. A total of 178 TAO patients were treated with retro-orbital IMRT with radiation dose of 20 Gy in 10 fractions. The immediate and long-term treatment response and complications were evaluated. Read More
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    The Influence of Juvenile Graves' Ophthalmopathy on Graves' Disease Course.
    J Ophthalmol 2017 31;2017:4853905. Epub 2017 Oct 31.
    Eye Clinic of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
    Purpose: To investigate juvenile Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) signs and compare Graves' disease (GD) course in patients with or without GO.

    Patients And Methods: There were analyzed data (visual acuity, proptosis, palpebral fissure measurements, clinical activity score (CAS), and the course of GD) of 67 children who have been newly diagnosed with GD. 26. Read More
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    Regression of Ophthalmopathic Exophthalmos in Graves' Disease After Total Thyroidectomy: a Prospective Study of a Surgical Series.
    Indian J Surg 2017 Dec 22;79(6):521-526. Epub 2016 Jun 22.
    Endocare Hospital, Vijayawada, 520002 India.
    Autoimmune ophthalmopathy is one of the salient clinical features associated with Graves' disease. Exophthalmos is one of the commonest manifestations of Graves' associated ophthalmopathy. It is reported to regress after thyroidectomy favourably compared to radioiodine or antithyroid drug therapy. Read More
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    RNA-Sequencing Gene Expression Profiling of Orbital Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Population Implicate HOX Genes and WNT Signaling Dysregulation in the Pathogenesis of Thyroid-Associated Orbitopathy.
    Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017 12;58(14):6146-6158
    Dr. Nasser Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States.
    Purpose: The purpose of this study was to characterize the intrinsic cellular properties of orbital adipose-derived stem cells (OASC) from patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) and healthy controls.

    Methods: Orbital adipose tissue was collected from a total of nine patients: four controls and five patients with TAO. Isolated OASC were characterized with mesenchymal stem cell-specific markers. Read More
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    Quantitative Analysis of Inflammation in Orbital Fat of Thyroid-associated Ophthalmopathy Using MRI Signal Intensity.
    Sci Rep 2017 Dec 4;7(1):16874. Epub 2017 Dec 4.
    Department of Ophthalmology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
    We quantitatively analyzed inflammation in orbital fat from cases of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) using short-tau inversion recovery (STIR) sequences from magnetic resonance imaging. The signal intensity ratios (SIRs) of orbital fat as well as the superior rectus (SR), inferior rectus (IR), lateral rectus (LR), medial rectus (MR), and superior oblique (SO) muscles on STIR images were measured in 70 eyes from 70 treatment-naive TAO patients (active TAO group, 19 patients; inactive TAO group, 51 patients) and 20 eyes from 20 controls. The mean SIR in the active TAO group was significantly higher than that in the inactive TAO group and controls (P < 0. Read More
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    [Management of moderate and severe dysthyroid orbitopathy: about 22 cases].
    Pan Afr Med J 2017 7;27:257. Epub 2017 Aug 7.
    Service d'Ophtalmologie, CHU Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisie.
    Our study aimed to describe the therapeutic management of moderate and severe dysthyroid orbitopathies and to evaluate the factors associated with optic neuropathy as well as the prognostic factors of poor visual outcome using a statistical analysis. We conducted a retrospective study of 22 patients presenting with moderate to severe dysthyroid orbitopathy in at least one eye and hospitalized in the Department of Ophthalmology at the University Hospital Farhat Hached, Sousse over the period from 1998 to 2015. Therapeutic indications were based on activity and severity criteria of the Eugogo (European Group On Graves' Orbitopathy) as well as on the assessment of prognostic factors of poor visual outcome. Read More
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    Ophthalmic manifestations of endocrine disorders-endocrinology and the eye.
    Transl Pediatr 2017 Oct;6(4):286-299
    Department of Ophthalmology, the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
    Disorders of the endocrine system usually manifest in a multi-organ fashion. More specifically, many endocrinopathies become apparent in the eye first through a variety of distinct pathophysiologic disturbances. The eye provides physicians with valuable clues for the recognition and management of numerous systemic diseases, including many disorders of the endocrine pathway. Read More
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    Radioiodine associated de novo Graves' opthalmopathy in an Asian cohort.
    Hell J Nucl Med 2017 Sep-Dec;20(3):227-231. Epub 2017 Nov 27.
    Department of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, Singapore 169608, Singapore.
    Radioactive iodine in the treatment of Graves' disease has been associated with the development of de novo Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). In this report, we describe five individuals who required extensive ophthalmic treatment for post-RAI de novo GO. Read More
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    [Effects and Its Mechanism of IGF-1R on the Synthesis of Hyaluronic Acid in Orbital Fibroblasts of Thyroid Associated Ophthalmopathy].
    Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2017 Sep;48(5):727-731
    Department of Ophthalmology,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China.
    Objective: To explore the effects of insulin-like growth factor1 (IGF1) receptor (IGF1R) on the synthesis of hyaluronic acid (HA) in orbital fibroblasts of thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) and its signal pathway.

    Methods: Orbital fibroblasts were harvested from TAO ( =19) and normal control ( =5),then were primary cultured and treated with recombinant human IGF1 in different concentrations. Before the treatment of IGF1,the cells were pretreated respectively with 1H7,LY294002 or AKT inhibitor Ⅳ for 24 h. Read More
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    The Value of Multidetector Computed Tomography of Orbits in Globe Protrusion in Comparison to Hertel Exophthalmometry
    Acta Clin Croat 2017 03;56(1):21-27
    School of Medicine, University of Belgrade
    The use of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is an integral part of contemporary diagnostics of Graves‘ orbitopathy. The aim of this study was to assess proptosis measurement by MDCT and to compare it to the current standard, Hertel exophthalmometry. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Clinical Centre of Serbia and included 91 patients (19 male and 72 female) with verified Graves‘ orbitopathy. Read More
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    Clinical outcomes of graves' ophthalmopathy treated with intensity modulated radiation therapy.
    Radiat Oncol 2017 Nov 6;12(1):171. Epub 2017 Nov 6.
    Department of Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
    Background: Radiation for Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) has traditionally utilized lateral opposing fields (LOF) or three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) technique. The current study was conducted to report clinical outcomes and therapeutic effects of intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in treating GO patients.

    Methods: One hundred sixteen patients with GO were treated with IMRT as initial local therapy between July 2010 and August 2013, with a median follow-up of 62 months (range 45-81 months). Read More
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