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Int J Surg Case Rep 2021 Apr 22;81:105804. Epub 2021 Mar 22.

Department of Surgery, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University Hospital, 156, Baengnyeong-ro, Chuncheon-Si, Gangwon-Do 24289, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Introduction And Importance: Thyroid metastasis of colorectal cancer is rare and the patient with thyroid metastasis has no symptoms early in the disease course. On the other hand, evaluation of thyroid is not generally included in the routine follow-up of colorectal cancer. Therefore, the diagnosis of thyroid metastasis of colorectal cancer may be delayed. Read More

J Cytol 2020 Oct-Dec;37(4):193-199. Epub 2020 Sep 16.

Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

Background: The incidence of thyroid cancer has been increasing worldwide. Thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TIRADS) has been proposed for risk stratification of thyroid nodules to improve categorical management. Fine needle aspiration cytology based on Bethesda system for reporting of thyroid cytopathology (BSRTC) plays a fundamental role in the evaluation of thyroid nodule microscopically. Read More

Front Oncol 2021 3;11:609075. Epub 2021 Mar 3.

Department of Ultrasound, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Cervical lymph node metastasis (LNM) was found to be clinically significant prognostic factors of patients with papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC). Ultrasound (US) characteristics of thyroid nodules and thyroid parenchyma may be used to predict LNM. To investigate the value of nodular US features as well as thyroid parenchymal microcalcifications on US in predicting LNM in patients with PTC. Read More

Eur J Endocrinol 2021 May;184(5):657-665

Thyroid Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital.

Objective: Surgical resection is recommended for cytologically indeterminate pediatric thyroid nodules due to their intermediate malignancy risk. We evaluated the utility of ultrasound characteristics for refining malignancy risk to inform the management of these nodules.

Design: Retrospective cohort study (2004-2019). Read More

Endocr Pract 2020 Jul 24;26(7):754-760. Epub 2020 Nov 24.

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Baltimore, Maryland. Electronic address:

Objective: Clinical practice for differentiated thyroid cancer is moving towards lobectomy rather than total thyroidectomy in patients at low risk of recurrence. However, recurrence risk assessment depends on post-operative findings, while the surgical decision is based on preoperative factors. We determined the preoperative predictors of occult higher-risk pathology and rates of completion thyroidectomy among surgical candidates with nonbenign thyroid nodules 10 to 40 mm and no evidence of extrathyroidal extension or metastasis on preoperative evaluation. Read More

Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2020 Jul-Aug;24(4):349-354. Epub 2020 Aug 27.

Department of Endocrinology and R.G. KAR Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

Background: High resolution ultrasonography (USG) is the first-line investigation in evaluation of euthyroid nodules. Thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TIRADS) is an USG-based risk stratification system for classifying thyroid nodules. Subjects with high-risk category of TIRADS undergo fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and FNAC findings are reported according to Bethesda classification. Read More

Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2020 08 7;145(17):1227-1235. Epub 2020 Jul 7.

In Germany and in other regions with former iodine deficiency, thyroid nodules and nodular goiter are still much more frequent than in the U.S.A. Read More

Case Rep Endocrinol 2020 31;2020:2128093. Epub 2020 Mar 31.

Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, México City 14000, Mexico.

Synchronous parathyroid and papillary thyroid carcinoma are extremely rare. To our knowledge, only 15 cases have been reported in the last four decades. We describe a 50-year-old female without significant past medical or family history and no previous trauma presented with left heel pain that prompted her to seek medical attention. Read More

J Pak Med Assoc 2019 Aug;69(Suppl 3)(8):S45-S49

Department of Surgery, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq.

Objective: To define the value of clinical, imaging and histopathological investigations in the evaluation of solitary thyroid nodule, and to predict malignant risk or any abnormal functional activity.

Methods: The prospective study was conducted at AlYarmouk Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, from March 2016 to March 2018, and comprised patients with thyroid nodule who underwent thyroidectomy. The patients were evaluated by history, clinical examination, thyroid isotope scan, thyroid ultrasonography, and fine needle aspiration cytology, and the results were correlated with post-operative histopathological examination. Read More

Acta Inform Med 2019 Jun;27(2):114-118

General/Family Medical Services, Public Healthcare Institution, Medical Centre Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Introduction: Pathology of thyroid nodules is present in all ages and it is frequently encountered in clinical practice. Thyroid nodules do not represent a single disease, but they are the clinical manifestation of a wide range of different thyroid diseases.

Aim: The objective of this study is to evaluate the frequency and localization of malignancy in solitary scintigraphic cold nodules, as well as the sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of FNAB in comparison with histopathological findings. Read More

Pak J Med Sci 2019 Jul-Aug;35(4):1003-1007

Dr. Muhammad Ayoob Jat, Assistant Professor Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, KSA.

Objective: To assess the Solitary thyroid nodules by surgeon- performed ultrasound-guided FNAC and evaluate with the histopathological findings.

Methods: This study includes 100 Consecutive patients of a solitary thyroid nodule which were presented to the Outpatients Department of Surgery during the period of two years from September 2016 to August 2018. Exclusion criteria were patients with extra-thyroid swelling, diffuse goiter and multinodular goiter. Read More

Endocr Connect 2019 Aug;8(8):1195-1205

Department of Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark.

Thyroid nodular disease is common, but predicting the risk of malignancy can be difficult. In this prospective study, we aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of shear wave elastography (SWE) in predicting thyroid malignancy. Patients with thyroid nodules were enrolled from a surgical tertiary unit. Read More

Hormones (Athens) 2019 Sep 28;18(3):321-324. Epub 2019 May 28.

Department of Nuclear Medicine and Thyroid Centre, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland.

Introduction: Over the last few years, several scientific societies have introduced specific evaluation systems to stratify the risk of malignancy of thyroid nodules. Most of these classifications have been created on the basis of ultrasonographic features of the commonest thyroid carcinoma histotype. Herein, we report a case of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma presenting at ultrasound (US) examination as an unsuspicious thyroid nodule associated with distant metastases, which was followed by the patient's death a short time later. Read More

Mymensingh Med J 2019 Apr;28(2):356-363

Dr Md Abdul Momin, Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, Mainamoti Medical College, Cumilla, Bangladesh; E-mail:

Discrete swelling in one lobe of thyroid gland with no palpable abnormality elsewhere is termed as a solitary thyroid nodule. FNAC is the investigation of choice in solitary nodule for selection of surgical cases due to compliance, simple and quick to perform. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of FNAC in solitary thyroid nodule with the relation of histopathological findings. Read More

Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2019 May 13;41:43-46. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareily Road, Lucknow, 226 014, India.

Introduction: In the modern day busy clinical practice, the communication between patient/relative and caregiver is at a minimal level. The patients and relatives feel apprehensive when advised about surgical/interventional treatment. Storytelling is such a technique of health communication made in common man language and can operate in a virtual environment. Read More

J Endocr Soc 2019 Apr 5;3(4):791-800. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Thyroid Interdisciplinary Team, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Context: The impact of Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) on the risk of thyroid cancer and its accurate detection remains unclear. The presence of a chronic lymphocytic infiltration imparts a logical mechanism potentially altering neoplastic transformation, while also influencing the accuracy of diagnostic evaluation.

Methods: We performed a prospective, cohort analysis of 9851 consecutive patients with 21,397 nodules ≥1 cm who underwent nodule evaluation between 1995 and 2017. Read More

Indian J Surg Oncol 2018 Dec 19;9(4):477-482. Epub 2018 May 19.

Department of Head-Neck and Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Fortis Memorial Research Institute (FMRI), Gurugram, Sector-44, Gurugram, Haryana 122002 India.

The aim of this observational prospective study was to determine the technical feasibility, safety, and adequacy of robotic hemithyroidectomy. From April 2015 to May 2016, 16 patients with solitary thyroid lesion underwent robotic hemithyroidectomy using the Surgical system. Patients were observed and data were recorded on surgical time, blood loss, complications, and functional outcome of the patients. Read More

Head Neck 2018 08 6;40(8):1812-1823. Epub 2018 Apr 6.

Department of Head and Neck-Endocrine Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.

Background: The impact of oncogene panel results on the surgical management of indeterminate thyroid nodules (ITNs) is currently unknown.

Methods: Surgical management of 649 patients consecutively evaluated from October 2008 to April 2016 with a single nodule biopsied and indeterminate cytology (193 evaluated with and 456 without oncogene panels) was assessed and compared. Histological features of 629 consecutively resected ITNs (164 evaluated with and 465 without oncogene panels) were also characterized and compared. Read More

J Endocrinol Invest 2018 Jul 14;41(7):809-813. Epub 2017 Dec 14.

Department of Surgical Pathology, The University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy.

Purpose: To report the clinical implications of an initial experience with transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA).

Methods: From March to November 2017, five cases of TOETVA were performed. Data reported include patient demographics, indication for surgery, extent of surgery, operative time, the need to convert to cervicotomy, the length of hospital stay and post-operative pain and morbidity. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2018 Jan;43(1):e27-e28

From the Nuclear Medicine Service, James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital & Clinics; and University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL.

I-NaI thyroid uptake and scan in a 46-year-old woman with symptomatic hyperthyroidism demonstrated marked, diffusely increased uptake consistent with Graves disease, as well as a solitary hypofunctioning ("cold") nodule. Pathologic evaluation following total thyroidectomy and selective neck dissection revealed invasive multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma in a background of Graves disease and 5 of 36 lymph nodes positive for metastatic disease. This case serves as a reminder that when present a cold nodule in the setting of Graves disease warrants further evaluation for underlying malignancy. Read More

Cureus 2017 Sep 17;9(9):e1695. Epub 2017 Sep 17.

Department of Surgery, Duzce University Medical Faculty.

Thyroid hemiagenesis (TH) is a rare congenital anomaly that is usually asymptomatic. Functional disorders of the thyroid make the patient symptomatic. TH is usually and incidentally established during evaluation of patients with symptomatic thyroid pathology. Read More

J Ultrasound Med 2018 Feb 7;37(2):425-437. Epub 2017 Sep 7.

Department of Ultrasound, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.

Objectives: We aimed to determine the most efficient quantitative parameters to establish a contrast-enhanced ultrasound (US) assessment system for distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid nodules.

Methods: A total of 167 patients with thyroid solitary nodules had the diagnosis confirmed by surgery or fine-needle aspiration. Quantitative contrast-enhanced US indicators (time to peak, time from peak to one-half, ascend slope, descend slope, peak intensity, and area under the curve [AUC]) were gathered in nodule and perinodule areas. Read More

ANZ J Surg 2018 May 13;88(5):464-467. Epub 2017 Jun 13.

Endocrine Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Western Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Background: The size of thyroid nodules as measured by ultrasound (ultrasound size, USS) is routinely used in clinical decision-making. Reports of discrepancy between USS and pathological size (PS) evaluation have not analysed their systematic differences. The objective of this study was to uncover the lack of agreement (bias) between USS and PS measurements. Read More

Oncol Res Treat 2017 19;40(6):360-363. Epub 2017 May 19.

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate patients with suspicious solitary nodules undergoing bilateral total thyroidectomy for the presence of malignancy.

Patients And Methods: 141 patients with true solitary thyroid nodules who underwent bilateral total thyroidectomy at the Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Hospital between 2008 and 2013 were retrospectively evaluated. Read More

Lung India 2017 Mar-Apr;34(2):193-196

Department of Pathology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Follicular carcinoma of thyroid is the second most common type of carcinoma of thyroid, and it may metastasize to bone, lung, brain, and skin. However, the initial presentation of follicular carcinoma of the thyroid as a large intrathoracic mass without any symptoms of thyroid gland enlargement and dysfunction is very rare. We hereby report a case of a 50-year-old male who presented with chief complaints of chest and low back pain. Read More

J Clin Diagn Res 2016 Dec 1;10(12):EC14-EC19. Epub 2016 Dec 1.

Post Graduate Student, Department of Pathology, Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College and General Hospital , Pune, Maharashtra, India .

Introduction: Solitary Thyroid Nodule (STN) has provoked increased concern owing to higher incidence of malignancy. The inter and intra observer variation in the histomorphological diagnosis of Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas (PTC) may sometimes pose a diagnostic difficulty.

Aim: This study was undertaken to analyse immunohistochemical (IHC) markers (CK-19, CD-56, p53, Ki-67) to differentiate between benign and malignant surgically resected STN along with their utility in the identification of PTC. Read More

Endocrine 2017 Sep 15;57(3):402-408. Epub 2016 Nov 15.

Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume, Trieste, Italy.

Purpose: Radiofrequency ablation has been advocated as an alternative to radioiodine and/or surgery for the treatment of autonomously functioning benign thyroid nodules. However, only a few studies have measured radiofrequency ablation efficacy on autonomously functioning benign thyroid nodules. The aim of this work was to evaluate the 12-month efficacy of a single session of radiofrequency ablation (performed with the moving shot technique) on solitary autonomously functioning benign thyroid nodules. Read More

Minerva Endocrinol 2017 Sep 2;42(3):203-212. Epub 2016 Sep 2.

Department of Human Histopathology, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy.

Background: The incidence of thyroid carcinoma ranges from 0.5 to 10 cases every 100,000, depending on the country, the context and purpose of the study. The high incidence of differentiated thyroid tumor is continuously growing. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2015 Jul-Sep;11(3):617-22

Department of Pathology, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Medical College and Hospital, Siruvachur, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, India.

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a useful diagnostic modality in the evaluation of solitary thyroid nodules (STN). It can differentiate between benign and malignant lesions in most cases.

Aim: This study was undertaken to determine the utility and diagnostic accuracy of FNAC in the evaluation of STN. Read More

Arch Pathol Lab Med 2015 Aug;139(8):1062-7

From the Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio.

Thyroid paragangliomas are rare tumors that arise from the inferior laryngeal paraganglia. Most patients are female and present with an asymptomatic thyroid nodule. Histologically, the tumor is composed of cells arranged in a well-defined nest (zellballen) pattern surrounded by a thin fibrovascular stroma. Read More