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Phytomedicine 2018 Nov 19;59:152759. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Ministry of Education), West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. Electronic address:

Background: Pseudolaric acid B (PAB), a diterpene acid isolated from the root bark of Pseudolarix kaempferi, exhibits a potent anti-cancer activity in a variety of tumor cells.

Purpose: The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-cancer effects of PAB on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines in vitro, and to explore the underlying mechanism.

Methods: The anti-proliferative activity of PAB on HCC cells were assessed via sulforhodamine B staining, colony formation, cell cycle analysis, respectively. Read More

Phys Med 2019 Apr 20;60:1-6. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Oncology, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 99, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark.

Paediatric radiotherapy comes at the expense of increased risk of late effects due to out-of-field dose caused not only by the treatment itself but also by image guidance. This study examined how the out-of-field dose to selected radiosensitive organs was affected by applying a 1 mm lead shielding during delivery of volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for paediatric brain cancer. The study also investigated how the out-of-field dose to the same organs was affected by the use of flattening-filter free (FFF) beams. Read More

Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2019 Apr 12:1-17. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

c Host Research Team EA4607 SNA-EPIS, PRES Lyon, Jean Monnet University, University Hospital , Saint-Etienne , France.

This study consists of a retrospective study including 71 childhood leukemia survivors (36 females) treated with allo-HSCT 12 Gy fractionated total body irradiation (fTBI) conditioning, with a median age of 25.0 y at time of follow-up and a median delay of 14.8 y since the graft. Read More

Acta Neuropathol 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Bader 104, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.

DICER1 syndrome is a rare tumor predisposition syndrome with manifestations that predominantly affect children and young adults. The syndrome is typically caused by heterozygous germline loss-of-function DICER1 alterations accompanied on the other allele by somatic missense mutations occurring at one of a few mutation hotspots within the sequence encoding the RNase IIIb domain. DICER1 encodes a member of the microRNA biogenesis machinery. Read More

Anticancer Res 2019 Apr;39(4):2061-2067

Department of Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi, Japan.

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to determine the natural history of benign thyroid nodules using ultrasonography.

Patients And Methods: The records of 223 patients with benign thyroid nodules treated at the Kochi Medical School from 2010 to 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. Repeated ultrasonography was performed, and the findings were directly compared with previous images. Read More

Wiad Lek 2019 ;72(2):267-270

Hygiene and Ecology Institute of Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine.

Objective: Introduction: It is proved that some groups of fungicides and herbicides are capable of affecting the thyroid gland, provoking its growth, leading to a compensatory change in the activity of the hormones synthesis. Therefore, the presence of their residual amounts in plant may affect the level of thyroid gland pathology. The aim of the work was to analyze the influence of pesticide application on the Ukrainian child population morbidity with thyroid diseases in the period from 2001 to 2014. Read More

J Pediatr Surg 2019 Feb 28. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Electronic address:

Background: Recent studies suggest improved outcomes for children undergoing thyroidectomy at high-volume pediatric surgery centers. We present outcomes after thyroid surgery at a single center and advocate for referral to high-volume centers for multidisciplinary management of these children.

Methods: Medical records were reviewed for all pediatric patients undergoing thyroid surgery at a single institution from 2009 through 2017. Read More

Pediatr Endocrinol Rev 2019 Mar;16(3):311-334

Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States.

Many hereditary and sporadic tumor and other syndromes are associated with endocrine functional and or structural abnormalities. The last few decades have yielded advancements in the field with improvements in diagnostic testing, screening guidelines and novel treatment options. In general, endocrine functional abnormalities and neoplasms share an early age of onset. Read More

J Pediatr Surg 2019 Mar 1. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Previous studies of pediatric thyroidectomies suggest a volume-outcome relationship, but none have focused exclusively on pediatric surgical specialists. Our objective was to examine the effects of pediatric surgeon volume and specialty on post-thyroidectomy outcomes.

Methods: The Pediatric Health Information System was queried for patients ≤21 years who underwent partial or total thyroidectomy between 2005 and 2016. Read More

Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2019 Mar 14. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust Thyroid Unit, London, UK.

Aims: To obtain an overview of the management and outcomes of children aged 18 years or younger diagnosed with differentiated thyroid carcinoma of follicular cell origin across the UK, by collecting and analysing data from the limited number of centres treating these patients. This multicentre data might provide a more realistic perspective than single-institution series.

Materials And Methods: Six centres submitted data extracted from historical records on patients aged 18 years or younger, diagnosed between 1964 and 2017. Read More

Rev Prat 2018 May;68(5):551-553

EDF, campagne 2016 de distribution d'iode autour des centrales, conseil de radioprotection EDF, Saint-Denis, France. Président de la Société française de radioprotection (SFRP), secrétaire général de l'International Radiation Protection Association (IRPA).

Iodine distribution around nuclear power plants. In the event of a radioactive release during a nuclear accident, public protection strategy is based on three key measures: 1) taking shelter, 2) administration of stable iodine and 3) evacuation depending on conditions. Since the Chernobyl nuclear accident, stable iodine has been administered to prevent thyroid cancer in children. Read More

Arch Endocrinol Metab 2019 Feb;63(1):79-83

Grupo Brasileiro para Estudos de Lipodistrofias Herdadas e Adquiridas (BRAZLIPO), Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.

Thyroid carcinoma (TC) is rare in children, particularly in those aged < 10 years. Several studies have demonstrated a correlation between neoplasms and hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, which are often associated with a higher risk for and/or aggressiveness of the neoplasm. Congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL) with autosomal recessive inheritance is a rare disease and is characterized by the lack of adipose tissue, severe insulin resistance, and early metabolic disturbances. Read More

Environ Health 2019 03 11;18(1):19. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.

Background: Thyroid cancer rates, especially among children, are known to be increased by radiation exposure. However, little is known about the impact of chronic low-dose radiation exposure on thyroid cancer risk in adulthood. This study examined radiation effects on thyroid cancer rates as well as an overall evaluation of thyroid cancer risk among medical radiation workers. Read More

Indian J Cancer 2018 Oct-Dec;55(4):372-376

Department of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Giza; Department of Radiotherapy, Children Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.

Background: Craniospinal irradiation (CSI) is the standard radiation therapy treatment for medulloblastoma. The aim of this study was to estimate and compare the lifetime risk of radiation-induced secondary cancer in pediatric medulloblastoma patients using three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).

Materials And Methods: 3D-CRT and IMRT plans were performed for 10 CSI pediatric patients. Read More

Clin Cancer Res 2019 Mar;25(5):1689-1690

International Pleuropulmonary Blastoma Registry, Children's Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

J Endocr Soc 2019 Mar 4;3(3):607-616. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Ospedale Infantile Regina Margherita, Torino, Italy.

It is unclear whether patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) are predisposed to develop thyroid nodules and/or thyroid cancer. The objective of our study was therefore to assess the prevalence of thyroid nodules and/or cancer in patients with HT and to look for possible prognostic factors. A retrospective survey of 904 children/adolescents with HT (709 females, 195 males) regularly followed in nine Italian centers of pediatric endocrinology was performed. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Mar;98(9):e14703

Rationale: Teratomas are extremely rare in the thyroid gland. A cervical teratoma presenting as a cystic or mixed thyroid lesion can be easily confused with a thyroglossal duct cyst. It is difficult for pediatricians to differentiate between these 2 types of lesions. Read More

Lancet Oncol 2019 Apr 21;20(4):531-545. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Centre for Childhood Cancer Survivor Studies, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. Electronic address:

Background: Few studies have investigated the risks of subsequent primary neoplasms after adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer. We investigated the risks of specific subsequent primary neoplasms after each of 16 types of AYA cancer.

Methods: The Teenage and Young Adult Cancer Survivor Study is a population-based cohort of 200 945 survivors of cancer diagnosed when aged 15-39 years in England and Wales from Jan 1, 1971, to Dec 31, 2006. Read More

Clin Chem Lab Med 2019 02 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.

Background: There is only limited information on serum reference ranges of calcitonin (CT) in infants, children and adolescents. This gap hampers valid diagnostics in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2) and planned prophylactic thyroidectomy. In addition, age-dependent reference ranges for CT are necessary to define a cure in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Read More

Eur J Cancer 2019 Mar 19;110:120-126. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Department of Epidemiological Research and Molecular Medicine, Evaluative Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Italy. Electronic address:

Although all tumours are rare in childhood, there are some particularly rare paediatric cancers which have not benefited from advances made by the international paediatric oncology network. To establish a shared definition and produce a list of these entities, the European Union Joint Action on Rare Cancers (JARC) promoted a consensus effort. The definition was based on the incidence rates estimated using the information network on rare cancers (RARECAREnet) database, pooling data from 94 population-based cancer registries and 27 countries. Read More

Onco Targets Ther 2019 22;12:721-732. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Department of Surgery, The Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421000, China.

Purpose: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women with ~1.67 million cases diagnosed annually worldwide, and ~1 in 37 women succumbed to breast cancer. Over the past decades, new therapeutic strategy has substantially improved the curative effect for women with breast cancer. Read More

Cancer Cytopathol 2019 Apr 15;127(4):231-239. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.

Background: The American Thyroid Association guidelines task force currently recommends definitive thyroidectomy or lobectomy after an indeterminate thyroid biopsy in children. This recommendation is based on evidence of a greater incidence and a higher risk of malignancy compared with adults in earlier pediatric studies. Such management may lead to overtreatment and unnecessary surgery for many children in the United States. Read More

Epidemiology 2019 03;30(2):e11

Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan, Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan, Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan, National Institute of Public Health, Saitama, Japan Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan, Department of Public Health, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.

Pathol Res Pract 2019 May 28;215(5):880-884. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO 64108, United States. Electronic address:

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common differentiated thyroid cancer in children; and the follicular variant is the second most common variant after the classic subtype. The histological appearance of follicular variant of papillary thyroid cancer (FVPTC), can be mimicked by benign follicular nodules. Pediatric pathologists encountering such lesions with FVPTC-like appearance may err on diagnosing the benign lesions as malignant. Read More

Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2019 23;17. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

1Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, D-53127 Bonn, Germany.

Background: In a considerable number of patients with a suspected hereditary tumor syndrome (HTS), no underlying germline mutation is detected in the most likely affected genes. The present study aimed to establish and validate a large gene panel for HTS, and determine its diagnostic yield and clinical utility.

Methods: The study cohort comprised 173 patients with suspected, but unexplained, HTS (group U) and 64 HTS patients with a broad spectrum of known germline mutations (group K). Read More

Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove) 2018;61(4):150-152

Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), one of the most aggressive malignancies, is extremely rare in childhood. We present a case of 5-yearold child who presented with rapidly progressing thyroid swelling and stridor, for which she underwent emergency tracheostomy and biopsy. Histopathological features were suggestive of ATC and the patient died within two months after diagnosis. Read More

Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2019 Apr;27(2):117-122

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maxillofacial, and Thyroid Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS, National Cancer Institute of Milan.

Purpose Of Review: To present the current status of knowledge regarding radiation-induced papillary thyroid cancer (RIPTC), defining its epidemiologic, pathologic, and clinical characteristics, with ensuing possible therapeutic and prognostic consequences.

Recent Findings: Cumulative evidence shows that RIPTC resembles sporadic papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) of comparable age, both in terms of clinical-pathological features and prognosis. Therefore, more aggressive treatment does not seem to be required when managing RIPTC as its prognosis is comparable to that of never-irradiated patients. Read More

Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019 Jan 3;133:129-141. Epub 2018 Nov 3.

Princess Máxima Centre for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands.

Over the past decades, survival rates of childhood cancer have increased considerably from 5 to 30% in the early seventies to current rates exceeding 80%. This is due to the development of effective chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy and stem cell transplantation, combined with an optimized stratification of therapy and better supportive care regimens. As a consequence, active surveillance strategies of late sequelae have been developed to improve the quality of survival. Read More

Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2019 Mar 16;7(3):213-220. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Endocrine Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy Ecole Doctorale de Cancerologie, Villejuif, France.

Background: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B is a rare syndrome caused mainly by Met918Thr germline RET mutation, and characterised by medullary thyroid carcinoma, phaeochromocytoma, and extra-endocrine features. Data are scarce on the natural history of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B. We aimed to advance understanding of the phenotype and natural history of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B, to increase awareness and improve detection. Read More

J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, NIDDK/NIH, MD.

Introduction: Insulin and leptin may increase growth and proliferation of thyroid cells, underlying an association between type 2 diabetes and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Patients with extreme insulin resistance due to lipodystrophy or insulin receptor mutations (INSR) are treated with high-dose insulin and recombinant leptin (metreleptin), which may increase risk of thyroid neoplasia. The aim of this study was to analyze thyroid structural abnormalities in patients with lipodystrophy and INSR mutation, and to assess if insulin, IGF-1, and metreleptin therapy contribute to the thyroid growth and neoplasia in this population. Read More

Rev Med Suisse 2019 Jan;15(N° 632-633):78-81

Service d'ORL et de chirurgie cervico-faciale, HUG, 1211 Genève 14.

The articles have been again selected among more than 15 000 abstracts and the review aims to be generalist. Interest of honey in head and neck pathologies, apnea syndrome, tonsillectomy and immunotherapy. In otology, middle ear infections and mastoiditis, cochlear implant in the elderly, deafness in children, auto-evaluation of audition and new perspectives regarding ciliar cell cultures. Read More

J Surg Oncol 2019 May 15;119(6):687-693. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of ORL, Head & Neck Surgery and Audiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.

Background And Objectives: Recently, a comprehensive study presented evidence that a long-disputed REarranged during Transfection (RET) variant, RET Y791F, should be classified as nonpathogenic. In spite of this, several subsequently published papers, including the revised American Thyroid Association guidelines for medullary thyroid carcinoma, refer to the variant as pathogenic. This study presents data from a unique national Danish cohort of RET Y791F carriers who have been followed by watchful waiting instead of being subjected to early thyroidectomy, to determine if any carrier shows evidence of multiple endocrine neoplasia 2A (MEN2A) at long-term follow-up. Read More

Pak J Pharm Sci 2018 Nov;31(6(Special)):2869-2872

Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Central Hospital of Shengli Oil Field, Dongying, Shandong, China.

To investigate the efficaciousness of breast-conserving therapy in connection with neoadjuvant chemotherapy on breast cancer. 68 patients, who were confirmed going down with breast cancer and hospitalized from June 2015 and June 2017, were sampled and divided into two groups using the random digit table, i.e. Read More

Endocr Connect 2019 Feb;8(2):78-85

Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.

Objectives Controversies regarding factors associated with distant metastasis in pediatric thyroid cancer remain among the scientific community. The aim of this study was to investigate factors influencing distant metastasis in pediatric thyroid cancer. Methods We reviewed 1376 patients (aged 2 to 18 years) with thyroid cancer treated between 2003 and 2014. Read More

PLoS One 2019 4;14(1):e0210366. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital and Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Introduction: Risk of developing a malignancy when born premature is unknown. We hypothesised that risk of certain cancers might be increased in youth born preterm versus term. We therefore performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the incidence of malignancy in the context of preterm birth, according to various cancer types. Read More

Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao 2018 Dec;40(6):838-842

Department of Ultrasound,PUMC Hospital,CAMS and PUMC,Beijing 100730,China.

While thyroid nodules have relatively low incidence in children and adolescents,they are at high risk of malignancy. In addition,the clinical manifestations,biological behaviors,assessment methods,indications of fine-needle aspiration,and treatment principles also differ from those in adults. In the past,the assessment,treatment,and follow-up of thyroid nodules in children and adolescents follow the guidelines for adult patients,which are actually not applicable for children and adolescents in the real-world clinical settings. Read More

Cir Cir 2019 ;87(1):7-11

Departamento de Cirugía Pediátrica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Bogotá, Colombia.

Objective: To present our experience treating 38 patients with pediatric thyroid carcinoma.

Method: We received 44 pediatric patients with thyroid cancer between 2008 and 2016 in a specialized cancer center. A team of two surgeons treated all patients. Read More

Thyroid 2019 Mar 25;29(3):439-448. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

2 Section on Molecular Morphogenesis, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD); Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI); National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

Background: The thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3) is critical for vertebrate development and affects the function of many adult tissues and organs. Its genomic effects are mediated by thyroid hormone nuclear receptors (TRs) present in all vertebrates. The discovery of patients with resistance to thyroid hormone (RTHβ) >50 years ago and subsequent identification of genetic mutations in only the THRB gene in these patients suggest that mutations in the THRA gene may have different pathological manifestations in humans. Read More

J Clin Oncol 2019 Feb 28;37(6):513-524. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center/Children's Health, Dallas, TX.

Chromosomal translocations involving the NTRK1, NTRK2, and NTRK3 genes (TRK fusions), which encode the neurotrophin tyrosine kinase receptors TRKA, TRKB, and TRKC, can result in constitutive activation and aberrant expression of TRK kinase. Certain cancers almost universally harbor TRK fusions, including infantile fibrosarcoma, cellular congenital mesoblastic nephroma, secretory breast cancer, and mammary analog secretory carcinoma of the salivary gland. TRK fusions have also been identified at lower frequencies across a broad range of other pediatric cancers, including undifferentiated sarcomas, gliomas, papillary thyroid cancers, spitzoid neoplasms, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors, and acute leukemias. Read More

Laryngoscope 2018 Dec 24. Epub 2018 Dec 24.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto, Japan.

Objectives/hypothesis: This study aimed to investigate the risk of postoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis (RLNP) with and without the use of intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM) during thyroid cancer surgery.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: This study utilized a nationwide claims database in Japan. Read More

Postgrad Med 2019 Mar 17;131(2):151-155. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

a Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery , Hamamatsu University School of Medicine , Hamamatsu , Japan.

Background: Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology is frequently used for initial and/or preoperative diagnosis of tumors in the head and neck region. However, false-negative results can lead to misdiagnosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic results of FNA in the head and neck region and the reasons for false-negative cases. Read More

Cancer 2019 Apr 17;125(8):1373-1383. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.

Background: Survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) in childhood have an increased risk of subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMNs). Herein, the authors extended the follow-up of a previously reported Late Effects Study Group cohort and identified patients at highest risk for SMNs to create evidence for risk-based screening recommendations.

Methods: The standardized incidence ratio was calculated using rates from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program as a reference. Read More

Cancer Sci 2019 Feb 20;110(2):817-827. Epub 2019 Jan 20.

Department of Radiation Molecular Epidemiology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.

Thyroid ultrasound screening of young residents in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, showed a high detection rate of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Detailed morphological analysis of these tumors was not presented to date. This study sets out to evaluate changes in histopathological and invasive characteristics of Fukushima PTC with time after the nuclear accident of March 2011 in all available cases and in different age subgroups. Read More

Cancer Gene Ther 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Baoan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan University, Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen, 518000, Shenzhen, P.R. China.

Breast cancer is ranked as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women. Accumulating evidences have revealed that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in human tumorigenesis owing to the regulation of essential pathways for tumor initiation and progression. Herein, the current study aimed to explore the regulatory mechanism of lncRNA ZFHX4-AS1 in breast cancer in relation to the Hippo signaling pathway. Read More

Horm Res Paediatr 2018 Dec 12:1-14. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders and the Department of Pediatrics-Patient Care, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA,

The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis is a common site of unintended, acquired disease either during or after the treatment of cancer. Children treated with external radiation therapy are at the highest risk for developing a thyroid-related late effect, but thyroid dysfunction and second primary thyroid neoplasms can also occur after treatment with radiopharmaceutical agents such as 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine. Increasingly recognized is the development of early thyroid dysfunction as an off-target consequence of the more novel cancer therapeutics such as the tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Read More

Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2018 May 11;35(4):257-267. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

b Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers , Houston , Texas , USA.

Background: Craniospinal irradiation (CSI) often results in endocrine deficiencies in children with medulloblastoma due to irradiation of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HPA) or the thyroid gland. CSI with Proton radiation therapy (PRT) has the potential to decrease the risk of hypothyroidism by reduction in radiation dose to these organs. This study compares the risk for hypothyroidism in patients with medulloblastoma treated with Photon radiation therapy (XRT) or PRT. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Feb 10;276(2):551-557. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital of Modena, Largo del Pozzo, 71, 41125, Modena, Italy.

Purpose: Locoregional recurrence of thyroid carcinoma is relatively common and reported rate are between 5 and 20%. Cervical nodes are usually involved, especially at the central compartment. The management of recurrent thyroid carcinoma at central compartment still remains challenging because of higher incidence of complication rate. Read More

Environ Monit Assess 2018 Dec 7;191(1). Epub 2018 Dec 7.

King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, PO Box 22490 Mail Code 1515, Riyadh, 11426, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Plastic made with bisphenol A (BPA) produces trans-generational changes in genes and behavior. It has been positively linked to obesity and thyroid dysfunction. This study aimed to detect the presence of BPA in polycarbonate plastic (PC) baby bottles. Read More

J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019 May;104(5):1658-1666

Department of Internal Medicine, Hirata Central Hospital, Fukushima, Japan.

Context: Intake of stable iodine helps prevent childhood thyroid cancer in nuclear emergencies, but there is limited case information.

Objective: We identified the intake rate and the factors associated with no intake among children who did not take stable iodine after the Fukushima disaster.

Design: Retrospective observational study. Read More

Saudi Med J 2018 Dec;39(12):1259-1262

Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.

Objectives: To analyze the overall trends in cancer incidence and mortality in Saudi Arabia between 1990 and 2016.   Methods: Data were retrieved through a Global Burden of Disease (GBD, 2016) database (Viz Hub) that is developed by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington. Results: The incidence of cancer increased around 26-fold for thyroid cancer; approximately 10-fold in breast, colon, bladder and uterine cancers; 8-fold for prostate cancer; 5-fold for renal cancer; 4-fold for pancreatic and ovarian cancer; 3. Read More