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Int J Surg Case Rep 2022 May 11;95:107183. Epub 2022 May 11.

Thoracic Surgery Unit, Al Ahli Hospital, West Bank, Palestine.

Background: Thymoma is a rare neoplasm, which may be associated with autoimmune disorders, the occurrence of hyperthyroidism in the patients with thymoma is rare.

Clinical Presentation: Here we present an extremely rare case of a 56-year-old female patient who was discovered to have malignant thymoma with associated myasthenia gravis and hyperthyroidism due to toxic multinodular goiter. Our patient started to complain of difficulty breathing and swallowing, Chest CT scan was done and revealed an anterior mediastinal mass, measures about 4. Read More

Clin Case Rep 2022 May 9;10(5):e05742. Epub 2022 May 9.

Hematology Hospital Universitario Cruces Barakaldo Spain.

Thymomas are tumours frequently associated with autoimmune manifestations or immunodeficiencies like Good syndrome. In rare cases, pure white cells aplasia (PWCA) has been described in association with thymomas. PWCA is characterized by agranulocytosis of autoimmune background primary refractory to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Read More

Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2022 May 17. Epub 2022 May 17.

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of nontherapeutic thymectomy and define a clinical standard to reduce it.

Methods: From 2016 to 2020, consecutive patients who underwent thymectomy were retrospective reviewed. Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to identify the correlation factors of nontherapeutic thymectomy. Read More

J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2022 May;58(3):129-136

From the Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, Virginia.

A 10 yr old female spayed Pomeranian presented with a history of dyspnea and coughing and was diagnosed with a cranial mediastinal mass presumed to be a thymoma. Surgical removal was elected and occurred without intraoperative complications. Histopathology revealed the lesion to be a cholesterol granuloma. Read More

Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022 29;10:901749. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.

Degradation of the condylar cartilage during temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) results in the infiltration of nerves, blood vessels and inflammatory cells from the subchondral bone into the cartilage. The interaction among innervation, angiogenesis and inflammation in the condylar cartilage of TMJ-OA remains largely unknown. In the present study, microarray-based transcriptome analysis was used to detect, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to validate transcriptome changes in the condylar cartilage from a well-established rat TMJ-OA model. Read More

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2022 Apr 1. Epub 2022 Apr 1.

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif. Electronic address:

Objective: Discrete anterior mediastinal masses most often represent thymoma or lymphoma. Lymphoma treatment is nonsurgical and requires biopsy. Noninvasive thymoma is ideally resected without biopsy, which may potentiate pleural metastases. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2022 May 5;14(9). Epub 2022 May 5.

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA.

Background: The morphologic distinction between thymic carcinomas and thymomas, specifically types B3, A, and occasionally micronodular thymomas with lymphoid stroma (MNTLS) can be challenging, as has also been shown in interobserver reproducibility studies. Since thymic carcinomas have a worse prognosis than thymomas, the diagnosis is important for patient management and treatment. This study aimed to identify a panel of immunohistochemical (IHC) markers that aid in the distinction between thymomas and thymic carcinomas in routine practice. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2022 Apr 20;14(9). Epub 2022 Apr 20.

Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are rare thoracic cancers that are broadly classified as thymomas and thymic carcinomas. Surgery is the cornerstone of management for early-stage disease. There are a limited number of effective treatment options for patients with advanced or recurrent disease. Read More

J Cardiothorac Surg 2022 May 12;17(1):115. Epub 2022 May 12.

Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.

Background: Post-thymectomy myasthenia gravis (PTMG) is defined as thymoma patients without signs of myasthenia gravis (MG) pre-operation, but develop MG after radical surgical resection. PTMG might be misdiagnosed not only because of its rare incidence, but also the uncertain interval between the removal of thymoma and the new onset MG. Additionally, some surgeons and anesthesiologists pay less attention to those asymptomatic thymoma patients in perioperative management, leading to the neglect of new onset PTMG, and miss the best time to treat it. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 May 12;12(1):7844. Epub 2022 May 12.

Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China.

CD68 plays a critical role in promoting phagocytosis; however, the function of CD68 in tumor immunity and prognosis remains unknown. We analyzed CD68 expression among 33 tumor and normal tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression datasets. The relationship between CD68 expression and cancer prognosis, immune infiltration, checkpoint markers, and drug response was explored. Read More

Front Oncol 2022 25;12:890308. Epub 2022 Apr 25.

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease characterized by clonal expansion of CD1a+/CD207+ cells in lesions. The most frequent sites involved are bone and, less commonly, lymph nodes, lungs, and skin. The thymus or heart is rarely involved with LCH. Read More

J Agric Food Chem 2022 May 10. Epub 2022 May 10.

College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China.

Dysregulated hepatic lipogenesis represents a promising druggable target for treating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This work aims to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of caffeine in a NASH mouse model displaying increased hepatic lipogenesis driven by constitutive hepatic overexpression of the active v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (AKT). Caffeine was administered in the AKT mice to study the efficacy . Read More

Front Immunol 2022 22;13:867181. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Thymic Epithelial Tumors (TETs) arise from epithelial cells of the thymus and are very rare neoplasms comprising Thymoma, Thymic carcinoma, and Thymic Neuroendocrine tumors that still require in-depth molecular characterization. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as relevant gene expression modulators involved in the deregulation of several networks in almost all types of human cancer, including TETs. LncRNAs act at different control levels in the regulation of gene expression, from transcription to translation, and modulate several pathways relevant to cell fate determination under normal and pathological conditions. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2022 May 2;23:e936000. Epub 2022 May 2.

Department of Neurology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan.

BACKGROUND Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune neuromuscular disorder, which is often accompanied by various complications. Partial dysgeusia is an uncommon nonmotor symptom of MG, and dysgeusia preceding typical MG symptoms is rare. Although ageusia and hypogeusia have been reported in patients with MG, increased perception of taste has not been reported. Read More

Pak J Med Sci 2022 Mar-Apr;38(3Part-I):530-535

Ying Yang, Center of Treatment of Myasthenia Gravis Hebei Province, Shi Jiazhuang People's Hospital, Shi Jiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China.

Objectives: To investigate the clinical features of patients with myasthenia gravis complicated with and without hyperthyroidism.

Methods: A total of 2083 patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) admitted in Center of Treatment of Myasthenia Gravis Hebei Province between January 2013 and July 2020 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into two groups: Group-A and Group-B, with 108 MG patients complicated with hyperthyroidism in Group-A and 1975 MG patients without thyroid disease in Group-B. The age of onset, gender, Osserman classification, acetylcholine receptor antibody and thymus status of the two groups were analyzed in the two groups. Read More

Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2022 Apr 27. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung, Transplantation Unit. University Hospital Reina Sofía. Córdoba. Spain.

Can J Neurol Sci 2022 Apr 28:1-8. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi 2022 Apr;25(4):253-258

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China.

Background: In recent years, with the advancement of minimally invasive techniques, thoracoscopic thymoma resection has experienced a development process from three-port video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) to two-port (TP) and single-port (SP) variants. However, the feasibility and safety of SP-VATS have not been generally recognized. This study intends to explore the safety and feasibility of SP-VATS in thymoma resection, in order to provide a reference for clinical surgicalselection. Read More

Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2022 Apr 26. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Division of Thoracic and Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.

Purpose: Thymic epithelial neoplasms (TEN) represent a heterogeneous group of rare thoracic malignancies. We analyzed the clinicopathological features, survival outcomes, risk factors, and patterns of recurrence in patients undergoing resection.

Methods: Records were reviewed for adult patients with TEN who underwent resection from 2006-2019. Read More

J Feline Med Surg 2022 Apr 26:1098612X221089701. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Small Animal Referral Hospital Langford Vets, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine closure-related complications and outcome after median sternotomy (MS) in cats.

Methods: This was a retrospective, multicentric study. The medical records of cats undergoing MS from six referral hospitals were reviewed (2010-2020). Read More

Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022 Apr 22;1877(3):188730. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:

Recent thymic emigrants (RTEs) are naïve T cells that egress the thymus following intrathymic development. This continuous process, including self-renewal, is crucial to establish and maintain human immune function. Several biomarkers can identify RTEs, but none of them is specific. Read More

Int J Surg Pathol 2022 Apr 26:10668969221095180. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

The University of Texas, M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.

Two cases with the co-existence of micronodular thymoma and lymphoma are presented. The patients are two female patients 54 and 60 years of age who presented with symptoms of chest pain, general malaise, cough, and dyspnea. Diagnostic imaging demonstrated the presence of an anterior mediastinal mass. Read More

J Surg Res 2022 Apr 22;277:67-75. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Department of Tuberculosis, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, P.R. China. Electronic address:

Introduction: In clinical practice, some patients undergoing surgery for thymoma require post-surgical ventilator support, although, factors associated with administration of ventilator support are unclear. This study aimed to explore factors associated with incidence of post-surgical severe respiratory failure requiring ventilator support after thymoma resection.

Methods: Clinical data of patients who underwent thymoma re-section in our thoracic surgery department between January 2001 and February 2020 was retrospectively analyzed. Read More

Front Oncol 2022 8;12:808019. Epub 2022 Apr 8.

Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, United States.

The diagnosis of thymic carcinoma may pose significant problems not necessarily in the histopathological diagnosis but rather in assigning the thymus as specific origin. Often the tissue available for interpretation is obtained a mediastinocopic biopsy, which raises two different issues -minimal tissue and lack of specific features to make a carcinoma of thymic origin. In addition, if to that conundrum we add that there is no magic immunohistochemical stain that will unequivocally lead to the interpretation of thymic carcinoma, then we are left with a true clinical-radiological-pathological correlation. Read More

Thorac Cancer 2022 Apr 22. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.

Background: It is often difficult to distinguish between thymoma and thymic carcinoma by preoperative radiological tests. While there have been some reports that the maximum standardized uptake value (SUV ) in positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) is useful to this end, no large-scale analysis has been performed. We therefore analyzed the usefulness of the SUV and tumor size (TS) for differentiating thymic epithelial tumors. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2022 Apr 15;14(8). Epub 2022 Apr 15.

Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Thymic epithelial neoplasms are rare tumors that constitute the majority of anterior mediastinal masses. They are classified as thymomas, thymic carcinomas, and thymic neuroendocrine neoplasms. Biopsy diagnosis is not common, and most tumors are surgically resected. Read More

Diagnostics (Basel) 2022 Apr 2;12(4). Epub 2022 Apr 2.

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan.

This study aimed to build machine learning prediction models for predicting pathological subtypes of prevascular mediastinal tumors (PMTs). The candidate predictors were clinical variables and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI)-derived perfusion parameters. The clinical data and preoperative DCE-MRI images of 62 PMT patients, including 17 patients with lymphoma, 31 with thymoma, and 14 with thymic carcinoma, were retrospectively analyzed. Read More

Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2022 Apr 22. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China.

Emerging evidence greatly implicates that microRNA-450a (miR-450a) plays an essential role in cancer pathobiology. While the pathological role of miR-450a in breast carcinogenesis remains enigmatic. Herein, we showed that miR-450a was lowly expressed in breast cancer cell lines compared with normal, and low miR-450a expression was associated with poor survival in patients with breast cancer. Read More

Front Oncol 2022 5;12:830981. Epub 2022 Apr 5.

Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.

Purpose: This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the range uncertainties that arise from daily cone-beam CT (CBCT) images for proton dose calculation compared to CT using a measurement-based technique.

Methods: For head and thorax phantoms, wedge-shaped intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) treatment plans were created such that the gradient of the wedge intersected and was measured with a 2D ion chamber array. The measured 2D dose distributions were compared with 2D dose planes extracted from the dose distributions using the IMPT plan calculated on CT and CBCT. Read More

Cytopathology 2022 Apr 20. Epub 2022 Apr 20.

Department of Oncology, Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, UK.

Ectopic thymomas (ETs) are rare thymic neoplasms that arise from atypical anatomical sites and present a diagnostic challenge for clinicians as they can be mistaken for other pathological entities on fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology. Read More