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Eur J Case Rep Intern Med 2017 17;4(5):000606. Epub 2017 Mar 17.

Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, 4th Dept. of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, "Attikon" University Hospital, Athens, Greece.

Aims: Lemierre syndrome is a life-threating condition characterized by recent oropharyngeal infection, internal jugular vein thrombosis, and anaerobic septicemia. It is usually caused by .

Methods: A young Romanian male presented with fever and rigors, mild tachypnea, hypoxia, sore throat, decayed teeth, and tenderness of the left carotid triangle. Read More

J Tehran Heart Cent 2018 Jul;13(3):132-135

Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis is a rare medical condition. Suppurative thrombophlebitis of the IVC is even a more uncommon subtype of IVC thrombosis and is mostly associated with IVC filters or venous catheters. We describe a 66-year-old man with persistent fever and history of pyonephrosis secondary to transurethral lithotripsy 1 month before recent admission. Read More

Heart 2019 Feb 5. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK.

Question: Which of the following diagnoses best explains this presentation?Iatrogenic left main stem ostial stenosisSaddle pulmonary embolismMondor's syndrome (thrombophlebitis of superficial veins of chest wall)Coronary thromboembolismEpicardial fat necrosis. Read More

World J Hepatol 2019 Jan;11(1):133-137

Digestive Surgery, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse 31400, France.

Background: Caval vein thrombosis after hepatectomy is rare, although it increases mortality and morbidity. The evolution of this thrombosis into a septic thrombophlebitis responsible for persistent septicaemia after a hepatectomy has not been reported to date in the literature. We here report the management of a 54-year-old woman operated for a peripheral cholangiocarcinoma who developed a suppurated thrombophlebitis of the vena cava following a hepatectomy. Read More

Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2018 Dec 20. Epub 2018 Dec 20.

Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Medical School, Naples, Italy.

Background: The incidence of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)-related adverse events has been uncertain in the setting of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) compared with the incidence of centrally inserted central catheter (CICC) adverse events.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a monocentric, randomized trial of patients with previously untreated AML. Of the 93 patients, 46 had received a PICC and 47 had received a CICC as frontline intravascular device. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Jan 29;12(1). Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Emergency Department, Cork University Hospital Group, Cork, Ireland.

is a rare infection most notable for causing Lemierre's syndrome. This consists of a primary oropharyngeal infection and septic thrombophlebitis, and one or more metastatic focus. Prior to the widespread use of antibiotics, Lemierre's syndrome commonly followed a rapidly progressing course, with a high mortality. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019 01 23;1:CD007798. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

National Centre of Research Excellence in Nursing, Centre for Health Practice Innovation, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, 4111.

Background: US Centers for Disease Control guidelines recommend replacement of peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVC) no more frequently than every 72 to 96 hours. Routine replacement is thought to reduce the risk of phlebitis and bloodstream infection. Catheter insertion is an unpleasant experience for patients and replacement may be unnecessary if the catheter remains functional and there are no signs of inflammation or infection. Read More

Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

Blood 2019 Jan 14. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.

Thrombosis with associated inflammation (thromboinflammation) occurs commonly in a broad range of human disorders. It is well recognized clinically in the context of superficial thrombophlebitis (thrombosis and inflammation of superficial veins), however it is more dangerous when it develops in the microvasculature of injured tissues and organs. Microvascular thrombosis with associated inflammation is well recognized in the context of sepsis and ischemia-reperfusion injury, however it also occurs in organ transplant rejection, major trauma, severe burns, the antiphospholipid syndrome, preeclampsia, sickle cell disease and biomaterial-induced thromboinflammation. Read More

Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2019 Mar;30(2):80-84

Laboratorio de Hematología, Sanatorio Allende.

: Hypodysfibrinogenemia and protein C deficiency are coagulopathies and in this report, we describe a young patient with both defects confirmed by molecular genetic tests. The patient was a 24-year-old woman referred for recurrent thrombophlebitis and finally deep venous thrombosis. Routine coagulation studies revealed mild decrease of protein C (0. Read More

Case Rep Emerg Med 2018 6;2018:7373914. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

M.D., Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.

Lemierre's syndrome is an acute oropharyngeal infection with a secondary septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein (IVJ) that was first reported in literature in 1936. It involves the progression of disease from a focal suppurative peritonsillar infection to a local septic thrombophlebitis with hematogenous progression to and distant septic emboli. It is a rare and potentially fatal syndrome requiring prompt diagnosis and management. Read More

Quant Imaging Med Surg 2018 Nov;8(10):1039-1051

Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China.

Cerebrovascular complications may occur in infectious diseases in the setting of infective endocarditis, central nervous system (CNS) infections, systemic bacteremia and sepsis. Cerebrovascular complications of infections include vasculitis, mycotic aneurysms, and thrombophlebitis. Infectious vasculitis of the CNS may cause cerebral hemorrhage, infarction or ischemia. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 31;12:CD004328. Epub 2018 Dec 31.

Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, 330 Gray's Inn Road, London, UK, WC1X 8DA.

Background: Epistaxis (nosebleed) most commonly affects children and the elderly. The majority of episodes are managed at home with simple measures. In more severe cases medical intervention is required to either cauterise the bleeding vessel, or to pack the nose with various materials. Read More

Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2019 Jan 22;37:38-41. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Multi Care Good Samaritan Hospital, Puyallup, WA, USA.

A 49-year-old lady with history of polysubstance use disorder, recurrent cutaneous abscesses, spinal diskitis and septic thrombophlebitis presented to the emergency room with complaints of intermittent fevers, worsening right hip pain and bilateral lower extremity edema. A month before the presentation, she had left another hospital against medical advice after being diagnosed with Methicillin-resistant bacteremia and right hip septic arthritis. Post discharge, she was off antibiotics, but continued heroin and methamphetamine use. Read More

Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2018 Dec;64(12):1117-1121

Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Samsun Traning and Research Hospital, Samsun, Turkey.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of liquid or foam sclerotherapy of varicose veins using venous clinical severity scores and possible complications.

Methods: A total of 318 patients (268 females, 50 males) who were treated with liquid or foam sclerotherapy between January 2012 and December 2012 were included in this study.

Results: Skin necrosis was observed in only 6 patients (1. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Nov 28;11(1). Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Infectious diseases, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, London, UK.

A young previously healthy patient presented with sepsis and cavitating pneumonia. was isolated from blood cultures and subsequent CT neck showed an internal jugular vein thrombosis. Treatment was with antibiotics, anticoagulation and supportive management. Read More

Health Inf Manag 2018 Dec 18:1833358318819105. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

2 Lancaster University, UK.

Background:: Intracranial venous thrombosis (ICVT) accounts for around 0.5% of all stroke cases. There have been no previously published studies of the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Edition (ICD-10) validation for the identification of ICVT admissions in adults. Read More

Eur Radiol 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of subcutaneous tunneling on peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) placement in terms of central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs).

Methods: Our dual-facility central institutional review board approved this retrospective study. We compared 302 of 327 consecutive recipients (mean age [± SD], 68. Read More

Int J Cardiol 2019 Mar 6;278:225-231. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.

Background: Atherosclerosis is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. Associations between venous thromboembolism and atherosclerosis were recently reported. We aimed to investigate the impact of symptomatic atherosclerosis on adverse outcomes in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) and to identify significant differences among patients with PE stratified by symptomatic atherosclerosis. Read More

J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2018 Jul-Sep;11(3):132-135

Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Städtisches Klinikum Dresden, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany.

Background: Mondor's disease of the subcutaneous veins of the breast is an uncommon disorder. The etiology of Mondor's disease remains unclear. Usually, it is a self-limited disease. Read More

Case Rep Surg 2018 4;2018:3931674. Epub 2018 Nov 4.

Department of Surgery, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, 1-5-1 Hirotagaya, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0193, Japan.

Pylephlebitis is defined as a septic thrombophlebitis of the portal vein and its tributaries that is associated with multiple suppurative abdominal infections. We report a case of pylephlebitis associated with a cholecystocolonic fistula (CCF). A 41-year-old man presented with upper abdominal pain and anorexia for 1 month. Read More

Case Rep Infect Dis 2018 7;2018:3628395. Epub 2018 Nov 7.

Internal Medicine, Monmouth Medical Center, Long Branch, NJ, USA.

Lemierre's syndrome is a rare disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It begins with an oropharyngeal infection, which spreads locally to involve the internal jugular vein causing thrombophlebitis, followed by distant spread and metastatic infections. Affected individuals are commonly young adults. Read More

J Thromb Haemost 2019 Jan 27;17(1):39-51. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.

Essentials Phlebitis is one of the most frequent complications related to short peripheral catheters (SPC). A new SPC design, aimed for minimizing mechanical phlebitis, was tested in vivo in swine. MRI analysis revealed 40% less inflammation with the new SPC design compared to commercial SPC. Read More

Neurol India 2018 Nov-Dec;66(6):1619-1628

Department of Internal Medicine and Neurology, Neurological Clinic, Trieste, Italy.

Behçet's disease (BD) is a multisystemic vasculitis disorder of almost unknown etiology, which involves small and large vessels and affects both veins and arteries. BD is characterized by recurrent oral aphthae (the main and most recurrent symptoms), genital ulcers, variable skin lesions, arthritis, uveitis, and thrombophlebitis. Other reported symptoms concern the involvement of the gastrointestinal and the central nervous system. Read More

J Clin Pharm Ther 2019 Feb 28;44(1):122-124. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Touro College of Pharmacy, New York, New York.

What Is Known And Objective: Lemierre's syndrome is often misdiagnosed as a common cold or viral infection. Fusobacterium necrophorum is the most common causative organism. The recommended treatment regimen is 6 weeks of a beta-lactam antibiotic along with metronidazole. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2018 Nov 26;19:1405-1409. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

BACKGROUND Severe pneumonia requiring admission to an intensive care unit carries high morbidity and mortality. Evidence-based management includes early administration of empiric antibiotics against plausible bacterial pathogens while awaiting results of microbiologic cultures. However, in over 60% of pneumonia cases, no causative pathogen is identified with conventional diagnostic techniques. Read More

Emerg Med Clin North Am 2019 Feb;37(1):95-107

Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, 11234 Anderson Street MC A-108, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA. Electronic address:

Infection of the neck is a relatively common emergency department complaint. If not diagnosed and managed promptly, it may quickly progress to a life-threatening infection. These infections can result in true airway emergencies that may require fiberoptic or surgical airways. Read More

Anesth Analg 2018 Dec;127(6):1287-1288

From the Department of Anesthesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

MMW Fortschr Med 2018 11;160(Suppl 3):44-49

CCB Studienzentrum GmbH, Im Prüfling 23, D-60389, Frankfurt, Deutschland.

Dis Markers 2018 21;2018:2649392. Epub 2018 Oct 21.

Department of Rheumatology, Celal Bayar University, Turkey.

Background: There is no specific marker that shows the disease activity in Behçet's disease.

Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate VEGF-B and VEGF gene expressions and sTREM-1 levels in association with the activation of Behçet's disease.

Study Design: Case-control study. Read More

Oman Med J 2018 Nov;33(6):523-526

Radiology Department, Khoula Hospital, Muscat, Oman.

Lemierre's syndrome is a rare, life-threatening condition, which may be fatal if not properly treated. This disease refers to thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein, which is the result of bacterial sore throat infection (usually in the form of pharyngitis) that extends into the parapharyngeal space. However, it can result from other infective foci in the ear, nose, parotid glands, and paranasal sinuses. Read More

Case Rep Obstet Gynecol 2018 9;2018:3096468. Epub 2018 Oct 9.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, 2-10-39 Shibata, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-0012, Japan.

Venous thrombophlebitis is an uncommon cause of fever and lower abdominal pain during the early postpartum period. It mostly occurs in the right ovarian vein, and computed tomography (CT) is useful for diagnosis. We present a case of thrombophlebitis of the renal capsular vein. Read More

Acta Chir Belg 2018 Nov 2:1-2. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

a Department of Vascular Surgery , KAT General Hospital , Athens , Greece.

This is a rare case of a young patient with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome that presented with extensive septic superficial thrombophlebitis of the lower extremity. Treatment included intravenous antibiotics based on cultures, anticoagulant therapy as well as surgical removal of thrombi. Read More

JAMA 2018 12;320(22):2367-2368

Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Clinical Question: Which treatments for lower extremity superficial thrombophlebitis (ST) are associated with lower rates of venous thromboembolic events (VTEs) vs placebo?

Bottom Line: A dose of 2.5 mg of fondaparinux administered subcutaneously once daily for 45 days is associated with fewer cases of symptomatic VTE without an increase in major bleeding vs placebo. Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are associated with lower rates of ST extension or recurrence vs placebo, but data regarding symptomatic VTE remain inconclusive. Read More

Open Forum Infect Dis 2018 Oct 1;5(10):ofy249. Epub 2018 Oct 1.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control & Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Background: Catheter-related septic thrombosis is suspected in patients with persistent central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) after 72 hours of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. The clinical diagnosis and management of this entity can be challenging as limited data are available. We retrospectively studied the clinical characteristics of patients with catheter-related septic thrombosis and the outcomes related to different management strategies. Read More

Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2019 Feb 29;42(2):213-219. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Franz Josef Strauss Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.

Purpose: To evaluate radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for closure of marginal veins in pediatric and adult patients with venous malformations.

Materials And Methods: Medical records, imaging and procedure details were retrospectively reviewed in patients who underwent RFA of the marginal vein in a 17-month period. Additional sclerotherapy (n = 19) and coil embolization of the marginal vein were performed (n = 2). Read More

Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2019 Feb 29;101(2):e52-e54. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, 'San Salvatore' City Hospital , L'Aquila , Italy.

Lemierre's syndrome is also known as the forgotten disease, and is a rare but life-threatening complication that can arise after surgical extractions of infected mandibular third molars. Owing to its rarity, oral and maxillofacial surgeons might not immediately recognise or can underestimate the pathological signs, and consequently do not apply the appropriate therapy to treat the syndrome. Here, we report on the occurrence and management of a case of Lemierre's syndrome, where the complications affected the right sigmoid sinus. Read More

Infect Drug Resist 2018 9;11:1669-1676. Epub 2018 Oct 9.

Department of Pharmacology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Objective: Platelets catalyze the development of hyperinflammation and microthrombosis and contribute to increases in accumulation of circulating platelet-leukocyte complex, the key event in the development of disseminated infection.

Subjects And Methods: To determine the relationships of platelet activity in diabetic patients with invasive liver abscess syndrome (IKLAS), a total of 175 diabetic patients with community-acquired (KP) bacteremia were included in this study. We compared the platelet reactivity of 40 patients with IKLAS, 40 patients with non-IKLAS, and eight healthy controls using a whole-blood flow cytometry-based assay. Read More

Med Clin (Barc) 2018 Oct 16. Epub 2018 Oct 16.

Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, España.

BMC Infect Dis 2018 Oct 19;18(1):523. Epub 2018 Oct 19.

Tertiary Emergency Medical Center, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh Hospital, 4-23-15 Kotobashi, Sumida-ku, Tokyo, 130-8575, Japan.

Background: Gemella bergeri is one of the nine species of the genus Gemella and is relatively difficult to identify. We herein describe the first case of septic shock due to a Gemella bergeri coinfection with Eikenella corrodens.

Case Presentation: A 44-year-old Asian man with a medical history of IgG4-related ophthalmic disease who was prescribed corticosteroids (prednisolone) presented to our hospital with dyspnea. Read More

Angiol Sosud Khir 2018;24(3):77-84

Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky under the Ministry of Public Health of the Russian Federation, Saratov, Russia.

The authors examined the effect of the presence of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (UCTD) on the clinical course of lower-limb varicose veins (LLVV) and acute varicothrombophlebitis (AVTP) in patients after the Troyanov-Trendelenburg operation. We carried out a prospective comparative study of the remote results during three years after the Troyanov-Trendelenburg operation in a total of 132 patients suffering from AVTP. The Study Group included 67 patients found to have more than four phenotypic traits of UCTD, thus suggesting the presence of UCTD. Read More

New Microbes New Infect 2018 Nov 12;26:89-91. Epub 2018 Sep 12.

Department of Infection, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.

The clinical spectrum of human disease caused by is poorly described, partly as a result of historical difficulties with microbial identification. With the introduction of powerful new technologies, such as matrix-assisted desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry, into routine microbiology laboratories, new insights into diseases caused by such organisms are being made. Here we report a case of septic thrombophlebitis with bacteraemia caused by this organism, together with a retrospective description of laboratory isolation of this organism over a period of 6 years in a hospital in London, UK. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2018 Dec 9;211(6):1390-1396. Epub 2018 Oct 9.

1 Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauβ-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify differences between venous malformations (VMs) with arteriovenous (AV) microshunts and VMs without AV microshunts.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, 83 patients with untreated VMs of the extremities underwent a prospectively defined MRI protocol performed at 3 T. MR images were reviewed to determine localization and extent of each VM and tissue involvement. Read More

Case Rep Womens Health 2018 Oct 8;20:e00078. Epub 2018 Sep 8.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Puerta del Sur Hospital, Av Carlos V, 70, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.

The incidence of systemic infection attributed to group A streptococci (GAS) is increasing, mainly in postpartum women. Such infections require multidisciplinary management and prompt treatment, but an atypical presentation can delay diagnosis. We report the case of a 24-year-old woman admitted to the emergency department for evaluation. Read More

Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2018 08 16;162. Epub 2018 Aug 16.

Radboudumc, afd. Radiologie, Nijmegen.

A 38-year-old woman presented with a 1-week history of progressive headache and acute onset of left-sided hemiparesis. Neurological examination showed bradyphrenia and intermittent left hemiparesis. Brain neuroimaging revealed cavernous sinus thrombosis, subdural empyema, pathological vessel-wall enhancement of the right middle cerebral artery and ischaemia in the right striatum. Read More

Vascular 2018 Sep 7:1708538118797860. Epub 2018 Sep 7.

Charm Vein Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Objectives To investigate the initial outcomes of 1940 nm diode laser in the treatment of incompetent saphenous veins. Methods This was a prospective observational study. We treated 89 patients with 160 incompetent saphenous veins using a 1940 nm diode laser and bare fiber. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Oct 16;113:298-301. Epub 2018 Aug 16.

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, "Haemek" Medical Center, Afula, Israel. Electronic address:

Septic thrombophlebitis of the facial vein (STFN) commonly presents with facial erythema, tenderness, and swelling above the involved vessel. Due to its rarity, diagnosis and treatment remain a challenge. Lemierre syndrome (LS), which consists of a triad of internal jugular vein thrombophlebitis, septicemia, and distant septic emboli, is a more common entity of which physicians are more familiar. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Aug;97(35):e11903

Department of Stomatology, the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.

Rationale: Senile patients with LS complicated with DNM are rarely seen in clinical practice, and extensive cervical incision and drainage plus administration of effective antibiotics are the basis for treatment. Currently, the treatment controversy mainly has focused on whether mediastinal incision and drainage is necessary for patients with type I DNM, and whether anticoagulation therapy is required for jugular venous emboli and distant metastatic emboli induced by LS.

Patient Concerns: A female, 76 years old, developed pain of tonsil on right side 5 days ago, and felt that the pain aggravated complicated with dysphagia and swelling pain of neck on both sides since then. Read More

Cureus 2018 Jun 26;10(6):e2887. Epub 2018 Jun 26.

Internal Medicine/Gastroenterology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, USA.

Pylephlebitis is a thrombophlebitis of the portal vein or its branches, which usually occurs as a complication of intra-abdominal infections that are drained by the portal vein, most commonly as a result of diverticulitis or appendicitis. Diagnosis of pylephlebitis is achieved by visualizing a portal vein thrombosis in a patient with bacteremia or a recent intra-abdominal infection. Many microorganisms have been reported to cause this infection. Read More