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Zentralbl Chir 2021 Jun 21;146(3):318. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Universitätsmedizin Magdeburg, Klinik für Herz- und Thoraxchirurgie.

Zentralbl Chir 2021 Jun 21;146(3):283-295. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Deutschland.

Background: Malnutrition in hospitalised patients is an important and underestimated problem, with a negative impact on outcome and survival - not only in surgical patients. There is a discrepancy between optimal treatment as defined in relevant guidelines on clinical nutrition and the clinical reality. The Main reason for this discrepancy is the lack of established structures for nutrition medicine as an integral part of clinical routines. Read More

Zentralbl Chir 2021 Jun 21;146(3):241-248. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Deutschland.

Malignancies are among the most common diseases, especially in old age, and are responsible for 25% of all deaths in Germany. Especially carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract can be cured in most cases only through extensive surgery with significant morbidity. About 25 years ago, the multimodal, perioperative Fast Track (FT) concept for reducing postoperative complications was introduced and additional elements were added in the following years. Read More

Cytokine 2021 Jun 19;146:155622. Epub 2021 Jun 19.

Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy. Electronic address:

Background: No data on circulating biomarkers for the prognostic stratification of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) patients are available. We prospectively explored the prognostic role of circulating monocyte and cytokine levels and their dynamic change during chemotherapy.

Patients And Methods: MPM patients receiving a first line treatment based on a platinum compound plus pemetrexed were eligible. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2021 Jun 18;141:111606. Epub 2021 Jun 18.

Department of Radiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China. Electronic address:

Introduction: The development of multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major cause for the failure of chemotherapy, which requires the aid of nanomedicine.

Methods: Here in our study, a Cu based metal-organic framework (COF) was firstly developed and employed as a carrier for the delivery of glucose oxidase (GOx) and doxorubicin (Dox) (COF/GOx/Dox) for the therapy of MDR lung cancers.

Results: Our results showed that the GOx can catalyze glucose and produce HO. Read More

Eur J Cancer 2021 May 28;153:123-132. Epub 2021 May 28.

Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Gustave Roussy, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France; Oncostat U1018, Inserm, Paris-Saclay University, Labeled Ligue Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France.

Background: Changes in the management of patients with cancer and delays in treatment delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic may impact the use of hospital resources and cancer mortality.

Patients And Methods: Patient flows, patient pathways and use of hospital resources during the pandemic were simulated using a discrete event simulation model and patient-level data from a large French comprehensive cancer centre's discharge database, considering two scenarios of delays: massive return of patients from November 2020 (early-return) or March 2021 (late-return). Expected additional cancer deaths at 5 years and mortality rate were estimated using individual hazard ratios based on literature. Read More

ESMO Open 2021 Jun 18;6(4):100191. Epub 2021 Jun 18.

Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Oita University, Oita, Japan.

Background: The role of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) induction coupled with standard concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is unclear in unresectable, stage III, EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Therefore, a phase II trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of gefitinib induction followed by CRT in this disease setting.

Patients And Methods: Patients with unresectable, EGFR-mutant, stage III NSCLC were administered gefitinib monotherapy (250 mg/day) for 8 weeks. Read More

Ann Vasc Surg 2021 Jun 18. Epub 2021 Jun 18.

Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC 29425, United States of America. Electronic address:

Introduction And Objectives: Laser in situ fenestration (LISF) is an expanding technique for arch vessel revascularization in thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). We present a single center's early and midterm outcomes using adjunctive LISF with TEVAR for treatment of various arch pathologies.

Methods: 24 patients underwent TEVAR with LISF (2017 - 2020). Read More

Ann Anat 2021 Jun 18:151786. Epub 2021 Jun 18.

Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine and Nursing, The University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa (Biscay), Spain.

Background: Studies abound regarding the views of faculty anatomists and medical students on the importance of anatomy and the dissection of human bodies, but very little is known about the views of practicing physicians.

Methods: A survey was distributed among physicians and surgeons practicing in Spain in order to find out their views on the practice and consequences of human dissection by undergraduate students of medicine. The most relevant definition to qualify faculty anatomists of medical schools was also requested. Read More

Ann Thorac Surg 2021 Jun 18. Epub 2021 Jun 18.

Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia.

Background: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) Adult Cardiac Surgery Database (ACSD) is the largest cardiac surgical database in the world. Linked data from STS ACSD and the CMS Medicare database were used to determine contemporary completeness, penetration, and representativeness of STS ACSD.

Methods: Using variables common to both STS and CMS databases, STS procedures were linked to CMS data for all CMS CABG discharges between 2000 and 2018, inclusive. Read More

J Pediatr 2021 Jun 18. Epub 2021 Jun 18.

Group for Improvement of Intestinal Function and Treatment (GIFT), Transplant Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address:

Objectives: To assess the natural history and outcomes of children with intestinal failure in a large, multicenter and geographically diverse contemporary cohort (2010-2015) from 6 pediatric intestinal failure programs.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of a multicenter intestinal failure cohort (N=443). Competing risk analysis was used to obtain cumulative incidence rates for the primary outcome (enteral autonomy, transplantation or death). Read More

PLoS One 2021 21;16(6):e0253060. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.

The role of the cerebellum in controlling the cough motor pattern is not well understood. We hypothesized that cerebellectomy would disinhibit motor drive to respiratory muscles during cough. Cough was induced by mechanical stimulation of the tracheobronchial airways in anesthetized, spontaneously breathing adult cats (8 male, 1 female), and electromyograms (EMGs) were recorded from upper airway, chest wall, and abdominal respiratory muscles. Read More

IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2021 Jun 21;PP. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Pectus excavatum (PE) is the most common abnormality of the thoracic cage, whose severity is evaluated by extracting three indices (Haller, correction and asymmetry) from computed tomography (CT) images. To date, this analysis is performed manually, which is tedious and prone to variability. In this paper, a fully automatic framework for PE severity quantification from CT images is proposed, comprising three steps: (1) identification of the sternue's greatest depression point; (2) detection of 8 anatomical keypoints relevant for severity assessment; and (3) measurements' geometric regularization and extraction. Read More

Cancer Sci 2021 Jun 21. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China.

Metastasis is the main cause of death in individuals with cancer. immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) can potentially reverse CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) dysfunction, leading to significant remission in multiple cancers. However, the mechanism underlying the development of CTL exhaustion during metastatic progression remains unclear. Read More

Artif Organs 2021 Jun 21. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS ISMETT, UPMC Italy, Palermo, Italy.

ECMO is frequently used in many centers around the globe for various indications. However, prognosis is often poor even with all supportive therapies, and in many cases clinical deterioration is associated with inflammation. Hemoadsorption with CytoSorb is a novel approach to limit the inflammatory response, and the device can be safely and easily installed into ECMO circuits. Read More

Artif Organs 2021 Jun 21. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Department of Thoracic- and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital, Georg-August-University, Robert Koch Strasse 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.

Objectives: Patients operated for infective endocarditis (IE) are at high risk of developing an excessive systemic hyper-inflammatory state, resulting in systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and septic shock. Hemadsorption (HA) by cytokine adsorbers has been successfully applied to remove inflammatory mediators. This randomized controlled trial investigates the effect of perioperative HA therapy on inflammatory parameters and hemodynamic status in patients operated for IE. Read More

Int J Cancer 2021 Jun 21. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Department of Regenerative Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common types among lung cancers generally arising from terminal airway and understanding of multistep carcinogenesis is crucial to develop novel therapeutic strategy for LUAD. Here we used human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to establish iHER2-hiPSCs in which doxycycline induced the expression of the oncoprotein HER2/ERBB2. Lung progenitors that differentiated from iHER2-hiPSCs, which expressed NKX2-1/TTF-1 known as a lung lineage maker, were cocultured with human fetal fibroblast and formed Human lung organoids (HLOs) comprising alveolar type 2-like cells. Read More

Spine Deform 2021 Jun 21. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Université de Montréal, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Blvd Quebec H3T 1J4, Montreal, Canada.

Purpose: To report a case of iatrogenic durotomy with symptomatic Chiari-like deformity in a patient after undergoing anterior vertebral body growth modulation (AVBGM) in skeletally immature patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). There have not been reports of iatrogenic durotomy in the literature and its management after AVBGM.

Methods: A 13-year-old skeletally immature girl underwent successful AVBGM for thoracic AIS from T6 to T12. Read More

Infect Dis Ther 2021 Jun 21. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Infectious Diseases Division, Diagnostics and Public Health Department, University of Verona, P.le L.A. Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy.

Introduction: To better define COVID-19 long-term impact we prospectively analysed patient-centred outcomes, including general health and symptom duration.

Methods: Barthel index (BI), St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire adapted to patients with COVID-19 (aSGRQ) and WHO Clinical Progression Scale (CPS) were measured at enrolment and at 6 weeks from the onset of symptoms. Read More

Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021 Jun 21. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 291, Zhongzheng Road, Zhonghe District, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan.

Objective: Pulmonary atelectasis is a common postoperative complication that may lead to intrapulmonary shunt, refractory hypoxemia, and respiratory distress. Recruitment maneuvers may relieve pulmonary atelectasis in patients undergoing thoracic surgery. This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of recruitment maneuvers in patients undergoing thoracic surgery. Read More

Pediatr Nephrol 2021 Jun 21. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Surg Endosc 2021 Jun 18. Epub 2021 Jun 18.

Department of Visceral-, Transplant- and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.

Background: After laparoscopic Gastric Bypass Procedure (GBP), anastomotic ulcers (AU) at the gastrojejunostomy (GJ) occur in up to 16% of the patients. Surgical techniques seem to influence the development of AU, but this is still a matter of discussion. This study aims to compare the incidence of AU in circular-stapled (CS) versus linear-stapled (LS) gastrojejunostomy. Read More

World J Surg 2021 Jun 21. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.

Background: Osteopenia, which exhibits low bone mineral density (BMD), has been linked to sarcopenia and recently reported as a prognostic factor in various cancers. However, the prognostic significance of osteopenia in esophageal cancer remains unclear. Hence, this study aimed to clarify the impact of osteopenia on the prognosis of patients undergoing esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Read More

Cardiovasc Res 2021 Jun 21. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Molecular Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Medical Faculty, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany.

Aims: In ventricular myocytes, Transverse-tubules (T-tubules) are instrumental for excitation-contraction (EC) coupling and their disarray is a hallmark of cardiac diseases. BIN1 is a key contributor to their biogenesis. Our study set out to investigate the role of human BIN1 splice variants in the maintenance and regeneration of EC-coupling in rat adult ventricular myocytes and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac myocytes (hiPS-CMs). Read More

J Endovasc Ther 2021 Jun 21:15266028211025038. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

German Aortic Center, University Heart Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

Purpose: To report endovascular repair of postdissection thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) in 2 patients with vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (vEDS).

Case Reports: . A 56-year-old vEDS male patient with a 50-mm type III TAAA [history of aortic root repair, hemiarch replacement, and thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for acute type A aortic dissection (TAAD) 7 years ago] was treated by a 2-stage procedure; first, cervical debranching of the left subclavian artery and second TEVAR and t-branch. Read More

Minerva Pediatr (Torino) 2021 Jun 21. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, School of Medicine, Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey.

Background: Intrahospital transport, general anesthesia, and the prolonged duration of the central venous catheterization (CVC) in unfavorable conditions pose a significant risk to a critically-ill premature infant. We aimed to demonstrate a minimalized and safe manner of CVC in this patient population.

Methods: We worked on a prospective study in 51 critically-ill premature infants in which a 22 Gauge catheter was put in one of the central thoracic veins with the guidance of sonography as a bedside procedure. Read More

Cancer Med 2021 Jun 21. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Province, P. R. China.

Background: Despite recent improvements in treatment technologies, such as surgical resection and chemoradiotherapy, the prognosis of patients with esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (EJA) remains poor due to early lymph node metastasis. Since few studies have investigated genes associated with lymph node metastasis in EJA, we aimed to screen lymph node metastasis-associated genes and clarify their expression status and prognostic significance in EJA.

Methods: The differential frequency of mutations between carcinoma and para-carcinoma tissues from 199 cases with EJA was detected using targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS). Read More

Thorac Cancer 2021 Jun 21. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan.

Chyle leaks are attributed to damage to the thoracic duct itself or its tributaries during surgery. Chylothorax after lung cancer surgery can occur due to damaged thoracic duct tributaries; however, little is known of the mechanism involved. A 71-year-old female underwent a left upper lobectomy with hilar and mediastinal lymphadenectomy for a 1. Read More

Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2021 Jun 21. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.

Objectives: About one-third of patients with thymoma have myasthenia gravis (MG). It remains controversial whether MG affects the prognosis of patients with thymoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of MG on the prognosis of patients with thymoma in a multicentre database. Read More

Int J Epidemiol 2021 Jun 21. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.

Background: The causal nature of the observed associations between serum lipids and apolipoproteins and kidney function are unclear.

Methods: Using two-sample and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR), we examined the causal effects of serum lipids and apolipoproteins on kidney function, indicated by the glomerular-filtration rate estimated using creatinine (eGFRcrea) or cystatin C (eGFRcys) and the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR). We obtained lipid- and apolipoprotein-associated genetic variants from the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium (n = 331 368) and UK Biobank (n = 441 016), respectively, and kidney-function markers from the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT; n = 69 736) and UK Biobank (n = 464 207). Read More