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Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2019 Apr 20. Epub 2019 Apr 20.

Elizabeth Garrett Anderson UCL Institute of Women's Health, University College London Hospitals, 250 Euston Road, London, NW12PG.

Discordance between gonadal type and gender identity has often led to an assumption of infertility in patients with differences in sex development (DSD). However, there is now greater recognition of fertility being an important issue for this group of patients. Currently, gonadal tissue that may have fertility potential is not being stored for individuals with DSD and, where gonadectomy forms part of management, is often discarded. Read More

Bioorg Chem 2019 Apr 11;88:102925. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India. Electronic address:

Cisplatin or (SP-4-2)-diamminedichloridoplatinum(II) is one of the most potential and widely used drugs for the treatment of various solid cancers such as testicular, ovarian, head and neck, bladder, lung, cervical cancer, melanoma, lymphomas and several others. Cisplatin exerts anticancer activity via multiple mechanisms but its most acceptable mechanism involves generation of DNA lesions by interacting with purine bases on DNA followed by activation of several signal transduction pathways which finally lead to apoptosis. However, side effects and drug resistance are the two inherent challenges of cisplatin which limit its application and effectiveness. Read More

Oncol Rep 2019 Apr 18. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, R.O.C.

In the western world, there is an increasing trend of occurrence in testicular cancer. Treatment of malignant testicular cancer is primarily combined surgery with various chemical drugs. Propofol has been frequently used as an anesthetic and sedative induction agent, which could modulate different γ‑aminobutyric acid receptors in the central nervous system. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019 2;10:196. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank Loredana Gandini, Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

The diagnosis of testicular cancer (TC) can have a considerable and persistent impact on a patient's sexuality, especially given its location. The high prevalence of TC in young adults, and the good prognosis, explain the great interest in sexual dysfunction and its influence on post-treatment quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the diagnosis and treatments (inguinal orchiectomy and chemotherapy) on sex life. Read More

Prostate 2019 Apr 18. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois.

Background: Prostatic inflammation and various proinflammatory systemic comorbidities, such as diabetes and obesity are associated with human benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). There is a paucity of in vivo models reflecting specific aspects of BPH pathogenesis. Our aim was to investigate the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse as a potential model for subsequent intervention studies. Read More

Reproduction 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

A Jorgensen, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Kobenhavn, Denmark.

Testicular development from the initially bipotential gonad is a tightly regulated process involving a complex signalling cascade to ensure proper sequential expression of signalling factors and secretion of steroid hormones. Initially, Sertoli cell specification facilitates differentiation of the steroidogenic fetal Leydig cells and establishment of the somatic niche, which is critical in supporting the germ cell population. Impairment of the somatic niche during fetal life may lead to development of male reproductive disorders, including arrest of gonocyte differentiation, which is considered the first step in the testicular cancer pathogenesis. Read More

PLoS One 2019 18;14(4):e0215359. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Stories are often used in health communication because of accumulating evidence of their potential to affect people's attitudes and health behavioral intentions. Similarity between the reader and the story's protagonist appears to positively influence narrative persuasion, but the exact role of similarity on persuasive outcomes is debated, as some research finds clear effects of similarity manipulations whereas others do not. Possibly, these mixed results were found because the similarity manipulations were not always relevant to the topic of the story. Read More

Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.

Purpose Of Review: This systematic review evaluates the state of the art in terms of strategies used to detect and remove contaminated malignant cells from testicular biopsy prior to spermatogonia stem cells (SSCs) autotransplantation to restore fertility.

Recent Findings: Several trials have been done in past two decades to determine the reliable methods of detecting and purging cancer cells prior to SSCs autotransplantation.

Summary: The success in treating childhood cancer has dramatically increased over the past few decades. Read More

Hum Exp Toxicol 2019 Apr 17:960327119845040. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

1 Department of Pathology, Center for Evaluation of the Impact of the Environmental on Human Health (TOXICAM), Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu Campus, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil.

Cryptorchidism (CPT), the most common male congenital abnormality, is variably associated with other male reproductive tract problems. We evaluated if cryptorchid rats develop enhanced testicular susceptibility to dibutyl phthalate (DBP) or acrylamide (AA) after extended exposure. Three studies with rats were performed: (1) in utero and postnatal exposure to DBP or AA; (2) establishment of CPT and orchiopexy; and (3) in utero and postnatal exposures to DBP or AA associated with CPT/orchiopexy. Read More

Klin Onkol 2019 ;32(2):129-132

Background: Growing teratoma syndrome (GTS) is an uncommon clinical finding in patients treated for testicular cancer. It is diagnosed during or after chemotherapy as an expanding tumour mass not responding to the treatment while the serum tumour markers are within the normal range. Pathological evaluation of resected tissue confirms the structures of benign mature teratoma. Read More

Invest New Drugs 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Indiana University Division of Hematology and Oncology, 535 Barnhill Dr, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.

Purpose Brentuximab vedotin (BV) is an anti-CD30 antibody-drug conjugate used in the treatment of several types of lymphomas. Expression of the target antigen has also been reported on a variety of malignant tumors of nonlymphoid origin. This phase 2, open-label study evaluated the safety and antitumor activity of BV in patients with CD30-expressing nonlymphomatous malignancies. Read More

Cancer Cell Int 2019 4;19:85. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

1Department of Urology, Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School-Biomedical Research and Institute and Clinical Trial Center for Medical Devices, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, 54907 Republic of Korea.

Background: DA-9401 was prepared as a mixture of Chinese medicinal herb extracts from roots of Morinda officinalis How (Rubiaceae), outer scales of L. (Liliceae) and seeds of Cuscuta chinensis Lamark (Convolvulaceae). The present study was designed to investigate the possible protective role of DA-9401 in adriamycin (ADR)-induced testicular toxicity associated with oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and apoptosis. Read More

Urologia 2019 Apr 16:391560319840529. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Urology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.

Introduction And Objectives: Radical inguinal orchidectomy with ligation and division of the spermatic cord at the deep inguinal ring is the treatment of choice for testicular mass suspicious of cancer. In the era of organ preserving and minimally invasive surgery, it may be possible to propose a less radical sub-inguinal orchidectomy that may avoid the morbidity associated with opening the inguinal canal. The effect of this approach on oncological margins is not known. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2019 Jun 30;14(6):708-710. Epub 2019 Mar 30.

Department of Radiology, Madigan Army Medical Center, 9040A Jackson Avenue, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, WA 98431, USA.

Chylous leaks are an uncommon complication in patients undergoing surgical procedures with the majority of cases responding to conservative therapies. Described is a case of a 23-year-old male who developed debilitating refractory chylous ascites as a complication after retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for testicular cancer. Prior to being evaluated by interventional radiology, he required weekly large-volume paracentesis in addition to standard conservative therapies. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 Apr 15;9(1):6096. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia.

CTP synthase (CTPSyn) is an essential metabolic enzyme, synthesizing precursors required for nucleotides and phospholipids production. Previous studies have also shown that CTPSyn is elevated in various cancers. In many organisms, CTPSyn compartmentalizes into filaments called cytoophidia. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019 Apr 9;16(7). Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Pediatric Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.

Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) is an X-linked recessive genetic disorder resulting from maternally inherited or de novo mutations involving the androgen receptor gene, situated in the Xq11-q12 region. The diagnosis is based on the presence of female external genitalia in a 46, XY human individual, with normally developed but undescended testes and complete unresponsiveness of target tissues to androgens. Subsequently, pelvic ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could be helpful in confirming the absence of Mullerian structures, revealing the presence of a blind-ending vagina and identifying testes. Read More

Br J Cancer 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, P.O Box 1130 Blindervn, 0318, Oslo, Norway.

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the association of a family history of cancer with the risk of testicular cancer in young adults.

Methods: This is a prospective cohort study including 1,974,287 males born 1951-2015, of whom 2686 were diagnosed with TC before the age of 30.

Results: A history of TC in male relatives was significantly associated with a diagnosis of TC among children and young adults, including brothers (6. Read More

Indian J Med Res 2018 Dec;148(Supplement):S38-S49

Stem Cell Biology Department, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India.

A large proportion of patients who survive cancer are rendered infertile as an unwanted side effect of oncotherapy. Currently accepted approaches for fertility preservation involve banking eggs/sperm/embryos or ovarian/testicular tissue before oncotherapy for future use. Such approaches are invasive, expensive, technically challenging and depend on assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Read More

Endocr Relat Cancer 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

G Chrousos, Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens - Faculty of Medicine, Athens, Greece.

Circadian rhythms in central and peripheral level are operated by transcriptional/translational feedback loops involving a set of genes called 'clock genes' that are implicated in the development of several diseases including malignancies. Dysregulation of Clock system can affect cancer susceptibility by regulating DNA damage and repair mechanisms as well as apoptosis. A number of oncogenic pathways can be dysregulated via clock genes' epigenetic alterations including hypermethylation of clock genes' promoters or variants of clock genes. Read More

Eur J Cancer 2019 Apr 4;113:19-27. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Barts Health NHS Trust, West Smithfield, London, EC1A 7BE, UK; University College Hospital, 235 Euston Road London, NW1 2BU, UK; Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK. Electronic address:

Background: Adult guidelines recommend BEP (bleomycin, etoposide, cisplatin) for all ovarian germ cell tumours, causing debilitating toxicities in young patients who will survive long term. Paediatricians successfully reduce toxicities by using lower bleomycin doses and substituting carboplatin for cisplatin, while testicular and paediatric immature teratomas (ITs) are safely managed with surgery alone.

Aim: The aim was to determine whether reduced-toxicity treatment could rationally be extended to patients older than 18 years. Read More

BJU Int 2019 Apr 6. Epub 2019 Apr 6.

Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Objective: To provide estimates on the global incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with testicular cancer (TCa) between 1990 and 2016, using findings of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2016.

Materials And Methods: For the GBD 2016 study, cancer registry data and vital registration system were used to estimate TCa mortality. Mortality to incidence ratios (MIR) were used to transform mortality estimates to incidence, and to estimate survival, which was used to estimate 10-year prevalence. Read More

Clin Cancer Res 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Medicine, University of Chicago

Purpose: Cisplatin, a commonly used chemotherapeutic, results in tinnitus, the phantom perception of sound. Our purpose was to identify the clinical and genetic determinants of tinnitus among testicular cancer survivors (TCS) following cisplatin-based chemotherapy.

Experimental Design: TCS (n= 762) were dichotomized to cases (moderate/severe tinnitus; n=154) and controls (none; n=608). Read More

Hum Reprod 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Andrology Department, Concord Hospital, Hospital Road, Concord Hospital, New South Wales 2139, Australia.

Study Question: What is the natural history of outcomes of sperm cryostorage at an Australian tertiary academic centre?

Summary Answer: Cryostorage is feasible in virtually all men facing gonadotoxic therapy but the timing of sperm disposal varies according to the reason for it.

What Is Known Already: Gonadotoxic treatment for cancer or non-cancer diseases damages spermatogenesis and impairs male fertility. Sperm cryopreservation is an established technique to preserve male fertility prior to gonadotoxic treatment. Read More

Adv Anat Pathol 2019 Apr 3. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Department of Pathology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.

Testicular germ cell tumors are a diverse group of neoplasms, consisting of the prepubertal type 1 tumors, pure teratoma, and pure yolk sac tumor, the type 2 tumors, which are biologically malignant, preceded by germ cell neoplasia in situ, and harbor chromosome 12p abnormalities, and the type 3 tumor, spermatocytic tumor, which features chromosome 9p amplification. These arise in distinct clinical settings, and harbor distinct genetic abnormalities, immunohistochemical properties, and morphologic features. Here we have attempted to unify embryology, morphology, immunohistochemistry, and genetics in order to distill this fascinating group of neoplasms into what we hope is a useful framework for understanding their classification. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019 21;10:164. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Andrology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environment Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.

An association between testicular microlithiasis (TM) and both carcinoma (CIS) of the testis and testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) has been reported. Furthermore, TM seems to be significantly more prevalent in men with male-factor infertility, representing itself a risk factor for TGCT. Nevertheless, the evidence of the association of TM with a higher prevalence of testicular cancer in infertile men remains inconclusive. Read More

J Urol 2019 04;201(4):667-668

Mol Imaging Radionucl Ther 2019 Mar;28(1):44-45

Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Saint Vincent Cancer and Wellness Center, 1 Eaton Place, 01608, Worcester USA

Am Fam Physician 2019 Apr;99(7):424

Radiol Clin North Am 2019 May 14;57(3):635-648. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 South Kingshighway Boulevard, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.

Ultrasound is the imaging modality of choice to evaluate the scrotum because of its high resolution, Doppler capabilities, availability, and lack of ionizing radiation. Acute urologic emergencies diagnosed with ultrasound include testicular torsion, testicular rupture, and Fournier gangrene. The radiologist's knowledge of sonographic features of vascular, infectious, traumatic, and benign and malignant processes that occur in the scrotum coupled with the patient's presenting symptoms, age, and physical examination allows for the correct diagnosis of a wide spectrum of scrotal pathology. Read More

Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2019 03 26;32(1):40-46. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

Division of Haematology and Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. Electronic address:

The cure rate for several solid tumour malignancies including breast cancers, head and neck cancers, bone cancers, and sarcoma has improved remarkably with the advent of neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies. Unfortunately, exposure to chemotherapy or radiation as a part of these treatments exposes patients to the risk of subsequent myeloid malignancies. Therapy related myeloid malignancies have certain characteristic findings. Read More

Andrology 2019 Mar 29. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Testicular cancer (TC) is the most common cancer diagnosed in men of reproductive age group. Sperm banking is recommended in these patients prior to cancer treatment. There is no literature describing the proteins dysregulated in the spermatozoa of TC patients with poor motility. Read More

PLoS One 2019 28;14(3):e0214410. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.

While treatment for testicular cancer (TC) has become standardized after the 1980s with an associated significant improvement in patient survival, this has been accompanied by an increased risk of second primary cancers (SPCs). Patients were identified from the Swedish Cancer Registry spanning the years from 1980 to 2015, including 8788 individuals with primary TC and their SPCs. Relative risks (RRs) for SPC were calculated using the generalized Poisson regression model. Read More

Andrology 2019 Mar 28. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Institute for Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.

Background: The transcription factor DMRTB1 plays a pivotal role in coordinating the transition between mitosis and meiosis in murine germ cells. No reliable data are available for human testis.

Objectives: The present study aims to examine the testicular expression pattern of DMRTB1 in men showing normal and impaired spermatogenesis. Read More

J Urol 2019 Mar 28:101097JU0000000000000228. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Case Rep Oncol Med 2019 24;2019:4092941. Epub 2019 Feb 24.

Creighton University Arizona Health Education Alliance, Department of Hematology and Oncology, USA.

Choriocarcinoma syndrome is a rare clinical entity with advanced, high volume choriocarcinomatous tumors and markedly elevated B-hCG (>50,000 IU/L). Recognition is important because the diagnosis of this syndrome identifies poor prognosis without mortality-proven management options. We present a case of a male in his twenties with metastatic choriocarcinoma who developed choriocarcinoma syndrome acutely after chemotherapy commencement. Read More

Biol Res 2019 Mar 27;52(1):16. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Department of Andrology and Embryology, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.

Background: Sperm production is one of the most complex biological processes in the body. In vitro production of sperm is one of the most important goals of researches in the field of male infertility treatment, which is very important in male cancer patients treated with gonadotoxic methods and drugs. In this study, we examine the progression of spermatogenesis after transplantation of spermatogonial stem cells under conditions of testicular tissue culture. Read More

J Urol 2019 Mar 27:101097JU0000000000000253. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Front Pharmacol 2019 8;10:206. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Testicular cancer is one of the most commonly occurring malignant tumors in young men with fourfold higher rate of incidence and threefold higher mortality rates in Chile than the average global rates. Surgery is the initial line of treatment for testicular cancers, and is generally followed by chemotherapy, usually with combinations of bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP). However, the adverse effects of chemotherapy vary significantly among individuals; therefore, the present study explored the association of functionally significant allelic variations in genes related to the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of BEP and DNA repair enzymes with chemotherapy-induced toxicity in BEP-treated testicular cancer patients. Read More

J Cell Biol 2019 Mar 26. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Department of Anesthesiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY

Mitochondria contain cardiolipin (CL), an organelle-specific phospholipid that carries four fatty acids with a strong preference for unsaturated chains. Unsaturation is essential for the stability and for the function of mitochondrial CL. Surprisingly, we found tetrapalmitoyl-CL (TPCL), a fully saturated species, in the testes of humans and mice. Read More

BMJ 2019 03 25;364:l926. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Paediatric Urology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2019 Apr 25;101(4):e99-e101. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , UK.

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease, with genitourinary tract involvement being very rare (0.2% of all sarcoidosis cases). Genitourinary sarcoidosis may present with a scrotal mass with or without testicular pain, often mimicking epididymo-orchitis or malignancy. Read More

Bull Cancer 2019 Apr 21;106(4):328-341. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Hôpital Foch, service d'anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, 40, rue Worth, 92150 Suresnes, France; Institut Curie, service de pathologie, 35, rue Dailly, 92240 Saint Cloud, France. Electronic address:

In 2016, the WHO classification of testicular germ cell tumors was revised considering advances in the understanding of their tumorigenesis and molecular features. This restructuring led to a division into two major groups with, on one hand, prepubertal-type tumors, not derived from germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS), and on the other hand, postpubertal-type tumors, GCNIS-derived, which occur in youg men (seminoma and non seminomatous germ cell tumors - embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, teratoma and choriocarcinoma essentially). The term germ cell neoplasia in situ is consensually accepted as a new terminology for the precursor lesion. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2019 Mar;15(Supplement):S87-S90

Department of Radiation Oncology, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey.

Objectives: There is no consensus regarding the management of Stage 1 seminomas following inguinal orchiectomy. In this study, we evaluated the treatment results and treatment-related toxicity for patients with Stage 1 seminomas treated with adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) at a single institution.

Methods: Sixty-five patients who underwent adjuvant RT following orchiectomy for Stage 1 seminomas between January 1996 and December 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2019 Mar;15(Supplement):S82-S86

Department of Urology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.

Aims: The clinical presentation and frequency of urogenital tumors varies in different regions of the world. This study was undertaken to analyze the frequency, clinical presentation, and the histopathological spectrum of the various male urogenital tumors diagnosed over a period of 3 years in a tertiary care institute.

Materials And Methods: Three-year data were collected from the histopathology laboratory, which included all the cases of male urogenital tumors which were diagnosed histopathologically between November 2012 and October 2015. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2019 Mar;15(Supplement):S76-S81

Department of Urology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.

Objective: We investigate the protective and therapeutic effects of ozone therapy (OT) in radiotherapy (RT)-induced testicular damage.

Methods: Thirty healthy adult male Wistar rats divided into five groups consisting of six animals each as follows: (1) Control (C), (2) RT, (3) OT, (4) OT + RT, and (5) RT + OT group. Histopathological findings, Johnsen scores, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels were evaluated. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2019 Mar;15(Supplement):S60-S68

Department of Urology Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.

Objective: To estimate association between androgen receptor (AR) gene polymorphisms and testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) susceptibility.

Materials And Methods: Systematic search of studies on the association between AR gene polymorphisms and TGCT susceptibility was conducted. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were used to pool effect size. Read More

Arch Med Sci 2019 Mar 5;15(2):330-336. Epub 2017 Oct 5.

Department of Health Care, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland.

Introduction: Many epidemiological studies show a correlation between the risk of cancer and type 2 diabetes mellitus in various populations.

Material And Methods: The material was obtained from the database of the National Health Fund. This publication presents a comparison of the incidence of new malignancies in rural and urban populations of diabetic patients in Poland based on the database of the National Health Fund for the period between 1. Read More

Science 2019 03;363(6433):1314-1319

Molecular Genetics and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Testicular tissue cryopreservation is an experimental method to preserve the fertility of prepubertal patients before they initiate gonadotoxic therapies for cancer or other conditions. Here we provide the proof of principle that cryopreserved prepubertal testicular tissues can be autologously grafted under the back skin or scrotal skin of castrated pubertal rhesus macaques and matured to produce functional sperm. During the 8- to 12-month observation period, grafts grew and produced testosterone. Read More