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J Neurosci Rural Pract 2019 Apr-Jun;10(2):352-354

Department of Pathology, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Epidermoid cysts are commonly seen intracranial lesions but their occurrence in the spine is rare. They account for <1% of all the benign tumors of the spine. These are benign epithelial-lined cysts filled with keratin. Read More

Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2019 Apr 1;181:58-63. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, 450052, PR China; Key laboratory of Neurosurgical Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Jianshe East Road, NO 1, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, PR China. Electronic address:

Objective: Syringomyelia was predominantly caused by Chiari malformation or intramedullary ependymoma. The goal of this study was to identify factors related to clinical outcomes and spinal hemangioblastoma (SH)-induced syringomyelia formation in a single series of patients.

Patient And Methods: Thirty-eight patients with SH were treated with microsurgery from January 2013 to December 2018. Read More

Asian Spine J 2019 Apr 2. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Department of Neurosurgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: To investigate the correlation between the syrinx morphology and neuropathic pain caused by syringomyelia associated with Chiari I malformation.

Overview Of Literature: Neuropathic pain caused by syringomyelia is refractory and markedly impairs the patient. Read More

J Neurosurg Spine 2019 04 5:1-6. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Spine Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.

Objective: Intraspinal anomalies associated with congenital scoliosis (CS) complicate the decision-making process for spinal correction surgery in CS patients. Recently, deformity correction surgery without prior prophylactic neurological intervention has been recognized to be safe in CS patients with intact or stable neurological status. However, no case-control study has identified the surgical outcomes and risks of spinal correction surgery in this patient population. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Professor and Head of Department, Department of Neurosurgery, K.E.M. Hospital and Seth G.S. Medical College, Parel, Mumbai. and, Consultant Neurosurgeon, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Bandra (E), Mumbai. Electronic address:

Aim: The outcome of neurophysiological motor evoked potential (MEP) monitoring during surgery for Chiari formation by atlantoaxial fixation and without any bone or dural foramen magnum decompression is analyzed.

Material And Methods: During the period August 2017 to October 2018, 20 patients having Chiari formation with or without syringomyelia were surgically treated by atlantoaxial fixation. Apart from other forms of monitoring, MEP monitoring formed the basis of study. Read More

Asian J Neurosurg 2019 Jan-Mar;14(1):227-230

Department of Neurosurgery, J.J Group of Hospitals and Grant Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Growing skull fracture (GSF), also known as leptomeningeal cyst, is a rare but significant complication of pediatric head injury. It is mainly seen in infancy and childhood. GSFs of the posterior fossa are uncommon, and intradiploic location in the posterior fossa is extremely rare. Read More

Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove) 2019 ;62(1):39-42

Firat University Hospital, Departments of Neurosurgery Elazig, Turkey.

Spinal epidermoid cysts are benign tumors. Syringomyelia secondary to intramedullary tumors are frequently observed. However, the association between syringomyelia and spinal intradural extramedullary epidermoid cyst in the conus medullaris region is extremely rare. Read More

J Neurosurg Pediatr 2019 Mar 29:1-4. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

1Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover; and.

Suboccipital craniectomy with duraplasty is a commonly performed procedure for children with symptomatic Chiari malformation type I (CM-I). Several dural substitutes are used for duraplasty, ranging from pericranium to synthetic materials. When available, autologous pericranium is often preferred due to its low cost, performance in obtaining a watertight closure, ease of suturing, and absence of immune reaction. Read More

Fluids Barriers CNS 2019 Mar 26;16(1). Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Technology Place, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.

Background: Fluid homeostasis in the central nervous system (CNS) is essential for normal neurological function. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the subarachnoid space and interstitial fluid circulation in the CNS parenchyma clears metabolites and neurotransmitters and removes pathogens and excess proteins. A thorough understanding of the normal physiology is required in order to understand CNS fluid disorders, including post-traumatic syringomyelia. Read More

Vet J 2019 Apr 1;246:92-97. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlaegevej 16, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

It is assumed that Cavalier King Charles spaniels with Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia experience central neuropathic pain. An association between spinal cord parenchymal lesions and specific clinical signs (e.g. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Mar;98(12):e14804

Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.

Rationale: The purpose of this study is to introduce the application of screw view model of navigation (SVMN) for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). It is a challenge to insert pedicle screw into the vertebral body of scoliosis, and the misplaced screw may lead to neurovascular injury. In order to minimize surgical complications, we used a novel method of SVMN technology to facilitate pedicle screw insertion. Read More

Br J Neurosurg 2019 Mar 20:1-3. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

c College of Medical Imaging and Examination , Xiangnan University , Chenzhou , P. R. China.

Charcot shoulder is occasionally seen with syringomyelia. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of brachial plexus abnormalities detected by magnetic resonance(MR) neurography in these patients. MR neurography is useful to evaluate small nerves and their disorders, and may contribute to the early diagnosis and differential diagnoses of such patients. Read More

Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2019 Mar 19. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York.

Syringobulbia is a pathologic condition characterized by one or more fluid-filled cavities within the brainstem. This retrospective case series describes observations in eight dogs with syringobulbia diagnosed during MRI. All dogs were adult, small-breed dogs with concurrent syringomyelia and neurologic deficits localized to sites rostral to the spinal cord, which cannot be explained by syringomyelia (eg, six dogs had vestibular signs). Read More

J Small Anim Pract 2019 Mar 13. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

Dick White Referrals, Six Mile Bottom, Cambridgeshire CB8 0UH, UK.

Objectives: To describe the prevalence, clinical findings and predictors of disease in dogs with cervical hyperaesthesia.

Materials And Methods: Medical records of dogs referred for neurological investigation of cervical hyperaesthesia between 2009 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Dogs were assigned to one of the following groups according to the final diagnosis: Non-Neurologic, Brain, Cervical Spine, Multifocal, and Chiari-like Malformation/Syringomyelia. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Mar 9. Epub 2019 Mar 9.

Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurosurgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address:

Objective: Arachnoiditis ossificans (AO) is a rare entity characterized by the presence of calcified plaques formed by the metaplasia of arachnoid cells. We report a case of symptomatic AO, with associated syringomyelia and tethered spinal cord, as a late sequela of oil-based myelography. A review of literature, and description of the pathophysiology, clinical manifestation, imaging characteristics, classification, and management options of this rare entity, are also discussed. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Mar 7;12(3). Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Department of Radiology, Dr DY Patil Medical College and Hospital, DY Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Maharashtra, India.

J Vet Intern Med 2019 Mar 7. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Department of Small Animal Surgery, Neurology Service, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Background: There is a successful outcome after surgical management of spinal arachnoid diverticula (SAD) in up to 82% of cases.

Hypothesis/objectives: We hypothesized that Pugs have favorable short-term and poor long-term prognosis after surgical treatment of thoracolumbar SAD. The aim of the present investigation was to describe clinical findings, short- and long-term outcomes, and follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in Pugs with thoracolumbar SAD. Read More

Br J Neurosurg 2019 Mar 5:1-3. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

a Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER) , Neurosurgery , New Delhi , India.

Variations in split cord malformation (SCM) are known. However, association of SCM type I with myelomeningocele along with same level dorsal bony spur has not been described previously. We report a 1-year old male child who presented with these findings with associated syringomyelia, lipoma and tethered cord. Read More

PLoS One 2019 27;14(2):e0212239. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

Department of Biological Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States of America.

Recent advancements have been made toward understanding the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and related hydrodynamics. Increased understanding of CSF dynamics may lead to improved detection of central nervous system (CNS) diseases and optimized delivery of CSF based CNS therapeutics, with many proposed therapeutics hoping to successfully treat or cure debilitating neurological conditions. Before significant strides can be made toward the research and development of interventions designed for human use, additional research must be carried out with representative subjects such as non-human primates (NHP). Read More

J Int Med Res 2019 Apr 24;47(4):1771-1777. Epub 2019 Feb 24.

2 Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, Suzhou, China.

Dandy-Walker syndrome associated with syringomyelia is a rare condition, with few reports of adult cases. We describe an adult case of Dandy-Walker syndrome with concomitant syringomyelia. A 33-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of walking instability, numbness in the hands, memory deterioration, and urinary incontinence. Read More

Wiad Lek 2019;72(1):129-123

Department of Nervous Diseases with Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy, Poltava, Ukraine.

Objective: Introduction: The article describes a clinical case of a malignant tumor of the brain and spinal cord with metastasis, which remained undetected for many years and was treated as syringomyelia. Long-term exhausting examinations of the brain and spinal cord, dynamic follow-up of medical specialists, and repeated surgical interventions on the spine helped to differentiate this process and make the correct diagnosis. The aim: The objectives of the present paper are to analyze the existing classifications of syringomyelia; to examine its etiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches and treatment tactics; to present a clinical case of a malignant tumor of the brain and spinal cord with metastasis, which was misdiagnosed as syringomyelia. Read More

Spinal Cord Ser Cases 2019 12;5:18. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Department of Orthopaedics, Max Smart Super Specialty Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Introduction: The commonly recognized causes of post-operative neurological deterioration in spinal tuberculosis are inadequate decompression, damage to vascular supply of the spinal cord, and multi-drug resistant organisms. There are no known cases of syringomyelia developing after surgical decompression of spinal tuberculosis.

Case Presentation: A teenage girl presented with rapid onset quadriparesis secondary to a tubercular epidural abscess extending from C4-T8. Read More

Eur Spine J 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Histopathology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.

Purpose: Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) presenting as solitary vertebral body lesion is infrequently seen and usually limited to one or two levels. We report a case of an isolated JXG with extensive cervical spinal (bony and extradural) involvement in a 6-year-old child. There was a diagnostic dilemma as the radiologic and intraoperative picture resembled tuberculosis. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Neurosurgery, King Edward Memorial Hospital and Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College, Parel, Mumbai, India.

Objective: Immediate postoperative and early clinical outcome of treatment of spinal kyphoscoliosis (SKS) associated with Chiari formation (CF) and syringomyelia (SM) and treated by atlantoaxial fixation is described.

Methods: During the period April 2016 to March 2018, 11 patients with SKS as a major presenting symptom in association with CF and SM were surgically treated and are analyzed retrospectively. The patients were 6 boys and 5 girls, and their ages ranged from 11-17 years (average 14 years). Read More

J Vet Intern Med 2019 Mar 13;33(2):717-725. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Background: There is an association between Chiari malformations, syringomyelia (CMSM) and tethered cord syndrome (TCS) in people, suggesting Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCS) with CMSM could also have TCS. Currently there are no data on the position of the caudal spinal cord structures in CKCS.

Objective: To describe and compare location of spinal cord termination in CKCS with weight-matched controls and to examine the relationship between SM and spinal cord termination. Read More

Neurochirurgie 2019 Feb 8. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Service de neurochirurgie, hôpital Nord, 13015 Marseille, France.

Background: The Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) is the most commonly found type in adults. The efforts to further improve the treatment offered for these malformations are hampered by the existence of controversial methods and the absence of a uniform scoring system to evaluate clinical outcomes.

Objectives: The goal of our study is to analyze the clinical and radiological data concerning patients operated for CM and to expose surgical techniques. Read More

Acta Neurol Belg 2019 Feb 8. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium.

Objective: Determining clinical and radiological characteristics, complication rates and outcome for patients undergoing posterior fossa decompression (PFD) and duraplasty for Chiari malformation type I (CM-I).

Methods And Materials: Retrospective, single-university hospital study of all PFDs for CM-I between January 1995 and December 2016.

Results: PFD was performed in 105 patients with CM-I (n = 105), of whom 62 suffered from associated syringomyelia and 37 were pediatric cases. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Feb;98(5):e14353

Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.

Rationale: Bronchogenic cysts refer to congenital anomalies derived from the primitive foregut. Spinal bronchogenic cysts are uncommon entities, and those occurring in the intramedullary sites are extremely rare. Bronchogenic cysts involving the foramen magnum region have only been described in 2 cases; however, intramedullary bronchogenic cysts with syringomyelia have not yet been reported. Read More

Neurosurgery 2019 Jan 23. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Division of Neuroscience, National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland.

The management of Chiari I malformation (CMI) is controversial because treatment methods vary and treatment decisions rest on incomplete understanding of its complex symptom patterns, etiologies, and natural history. Validity of studies that attempt to compare treatment of CMI has been limited because of variable terminology and methods used to describe study subjects. The goal of this project was to standardize terminology and methods by developing a comprehensive set of Common Data Elements (CDEs), data definitions, case report forms (CRFs), and outcome measure recommendations for use in CMI clinical research, as part of the CDE project at the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) of the US National Institutes of Health. Read More

Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2019 Mar 14;23(2):333-337. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Department of Paediatric Neurosciences, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh, UK.

Introduction: Neurosurgical treatment is recommended for symptomatic syringomyelia and the post-operative radiological resolution of the syringomyelia is associated with an improvement or at least stability of the patient's pre-operative symptoms.

Methods: We reviewed syringomyelia treatment in our centre over the last five years for clinical outcome, surgical complications, post operative MRI and long term symptom resolution.

Results: 50 cases of symptomatic syringomyelia underwent foramen magnum decompression and expansile watertight duroplasty. Read More

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019 Jan;99(3):183-187

Department of Spinal Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.

To evaluate the long term change of the cervical sagittal profile in adolescent Chiari malformation type Ⅰ (CMI)/syringomyelia undergoing posterior fossa decompression (PFD) and to further evaluate the correlation between the syrinx resolution and cervical sagittal profile. A retrospective radiographic study was performed in 32 adolescents undergoing PFD for CMI/syringomyelia from October 2011 to August 2015 with a minimum 2-year follow-up. There were 23 males and 9 females, with a mean age of (13. Read More

Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2019 Feb 22;161(2):367-370. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Tel Aviv Medical Center and Dana Children's Hospital Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Background: Syringo-subarachnoid shunt (SSS) is a valid method for the treatment of syringomyelia persisting after foramen magnum decompression (FMD) for Chiari I malformation.

Method: We give a brief overview on indication and outcome of SSS, followed by a detailed description of the surgical anatomy, and of the microsurgical technique. In particular, we highlight some key points for complication avoidance. Read More

Neurospine 2018 Oct 2. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.

Introduction: It is difficult to treat atlanto-axial instability in cases with high riding vertebral artery or anomalies of craniocervical junction. We report two successful cases with trans-spinal canal screwing technique because of difficulty to perform conventional fixation methods. Case presentation. Read More

Neurospine 2018 Oct 15. Epub 2018 Oct 15.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Spine Unit, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Objective: MRI-verified neural axis abnormality (NAA) has been described in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and several risk factors have been associated with the presence of NAA in AIS-patients. However, the clinical significance of these findings is not clear. The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of NAAs in a large consecutive cohort of AIS patients and evaluate the clinical significance of previously proposed risk factors. Read More

Turk Neurosurg 2019 ;29(2):229-236

Mustafa Kemal University, School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Hatay, Turkey.

Aim: To compare the clinical and radiological results of dural splitting and duraplasty in patients with Chiari Type I Malformation.

Material And Methods: This study includes 113 adult patients with Chiari Type I malformation treated between 2009 and 2013. The patients were divided into two groups according to the surgical method (Group 1: dural splitting, Group 2: duraplasty). Read More

BMC Med Imaging 2019 01 14;19(1). Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, China.

Background: The purpose of this retrospective review is to determine the MR imaging features of pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) in the spinal cord to help neuroradiologists preoperatively differentiate PA from other intramedullary tumors.

Methods: Neuro-oncology database review revealed 13 consecutive patients with a pathological spinal PA diagnosis and availability of preoperative MR imaging. Three patients had preoperative diffusion-weighted MR imaging. Read More

Vet Rec 2019 Jan 11;184(4):122. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.

Modern interpretation of head conformation in the Cavalier King Charles spaniel (CKCS) has favoured a smaller, more exaggerated, brachycephalic type than originally described in the 1929 breed standard. Recent research studies identified brachycephaly and reduced hind cranium as two conformational (dysmorphic) features that increase risk for symptomatic Chiari-like malformation and secondary syringomyelia (SM). A prospective pilot study investigated the hypothesis that dysmorphic head features could be assessed visually and correlated with risk of SM. Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2019 Jan 5;20(1):10. Epub 2019 Jan 5.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.

Background: Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a rare congenital syndrome characterized by the triad of venous varicosities, capillary malformations and limb hypertrophy. However, KTS may rarely occur in combination with kyphoscoliosis.

Case Presentation: We presented an 18-year-old female with KTS and kyphoscoliosis. Read More

J Neurosurg Pediatr 2019 01 4:1-9. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

1Department of Neurosurgery and Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama; and.

OBJECTIVE There are sparse published data on the natural history of “benign” Chiari I malformation (CM-I)—i.e., Chiari with minimal or no symptoms at presentation and no imaging evidence of syrinx, hydrocephalus, or spinal cord signal abnormality. Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2019 Apr 4;35(4):707-711. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Department of Neurosurgery, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Background: Shunt dependency syndrome is a rare long-term complication of cystoperitoneal (CP) shunting for intracranial arachnoid cysts, which is characterized by acute intracranial hypertension with normal-sized or small ventricles. Additionally, acquired Chiari type I malformations (ACIM) could be infrequently secondary to extrathecal shunt drainage of cerebrospinal fluid.

Case Report: We described a 12-year-old boy who developed shunt dependency syndrome following a CP shunting for treating a temporal arachnoid cyst. Read More

Acta Neurochir Suppl 2019;125:133-138

Division of Neurosurgery, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.

Background: Posterior fossa decompression with expansive duraplasty is the first-line surgical approach for the treatment of symptomatic syringomyelia associated with Chiari malformation. Despite good decompression, the clinical failure rate is reported to be up to 26%. A syringosubarachnoid (S-S) shunt may be used as a secondary option. Read More

Acta Neurochir Suppl 2019;125:125-131

Division of Neurosurgery, ARNAS Civico Hospital, Palermo, Italy.

Background: The variety of symptoms and radiological findings in patients with Chiari malformation type I makes both the indication for surgery and the technical modality controversial. We report our 5-year experience, describing our technique and critically evaluating the clinical results.

Methods: Between 2012 and 2016, 25 patients (15 female and 10 male; mean age 39. Read More

Acta Neurochir Suppl 2019;125:119-124

Paediatric Neurosurgery, Agostino Gemelli Hospital Foundation, Institute of Neurosurgery, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Background: Several surgical techniques are used for the management of Chiari malformation type I (CM-I). Bony posterior fossa decompression is considered a good option in children, though with a higher risk of requiring reoperation. However, there is not enough evidence from the series in the literature, which are often limited by inadequate follow-up. Read More

Acta Neurochir Suppl 2019;125:101-110

Department of Neurosurgery, KEM Hospital and Seth GS Medical College, Mumbai, India.

Aim: In this paper we evaluate the role of atlantoaxial instability in the pathogenesis of Chiari formation type I and the role of atlantoaxial stabilization for treatment of this condition in cases with no obvious bone malformation in the region of the craniovertebral junction.

Materials, Methods And Results: During the period from January 2010 to July 2016, we identified 57 cases of Chiari formation where there was no bone malformation or evidence of craniovertebral junction instability that could be diagnosed on the basis of an abnormal increase in the atlantodental interval on dynamic imaging. Forty-eight of these patients had syringomyelia. Read More

Acta Neurochir Suppl 2019;125:97-99

Institute of Neurosurgery, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.

Chiari malformation type I (CM-I), or hindbrain herniation syndrome, has traditionally been defined as a dislocation of the cerebellar tonsils 5 mm or more below the foramen magnum on sagittal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [1, 2]. An association of this anomaly with syringomyelia is observed in 45-68% of patients [3, 4]. Read More

Acta Neurochir Suppl 2019;125:89-95

Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Division of Neurosurgery, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Background: Chiari malformations (CM) represent a group of anomalies characterized by descent of the cerebellar tonsils or vermis into the cervical spinal canal. These malformations can be associated with abnormalities such as hydrocephalus, spina bifida, hydromyelia, syringomyelia, curvature of the spine (kyphosis and scoliosis) and tethered cord syndrome. Hereditary syndromes and other disorders that affect growth and bone formation-such as craniosynostosis, Ehlers-Danlos syndromes and Klippel-Feil syndrome-can also be associated with CM. Read More

Spine Deform 2019 01;7(1):47-52

Division of Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA.

Study Design: Retrospective study with follow-up.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of intraspinal and extraspinal MRI abnormalities in a consecutive series of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and to describe the evaluation and management of these abnormalities.

Summary Of Background Data: Indications for preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with AIS remain controversial. Read More

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018 Dec;98(47):3888-3891

Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.

To explore the therapeutic effect of simple posterior reduction and decompression technique for different types of malformations in the craniocervical junction with atlantoaxial dislocation. The clinical data of 34 cases of different malformations in the craniocervical junction who were treated by the simple posterior internal fixation and decompression surgery in the department of neurosurgery of the first affiliated hospital of Nanchang University from March 2014 to March 2017 were analyzed retrospectively.In 34 cases, including 26 cases of basilar invagination with atlantoaxial dislocation (19 cases with atlanto occipital fusion, 12 cases with Chiari malformation, 13 cases with syringomyelia), 8 cases of odontoid malformation with atlantoaxial dislocation (2 cases with Chiari malformation, 1 case with flat skull base, 1 case with malformation of atlas). Read More

J Vet Med Sci 2019 Feb 24;81(2):229-236. Epub 2018 Dec 24.

The Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-0023, Japan.

This study investigated cerebral ventricle size and concurrent craniocervical junction abnormality in relation to atlantooccipital overlapping (AOO) in dogs with atlantoaxial instability (AAI). A total of 61 dogs were treated with atlantoaxial ventral fixation. Medical records of each dog, including magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) images, were retrospectively reviewed. Read More