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N Engl J Med 2020 05;382(20):1926-1932

From the Departments of Neurosurgery (J.S.S., B.S.C.), Neurology (T.M.H.), and Radiology (K.K., Q.L.), the Gordon Center for Medical Imaging (K.K., Q.L.), and the Division of Neuroradiology (O.R.), Massachusetts General Hospital, the Department of Pediatrics, Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital (I.-H.L., S.-W.K.), and the Connell and O'Reilly Families Cell Manipulation Core Facility, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center (J.R.), Boston, and the Department of Psychiatry (B.M.C.) and the Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory (B.S., T.-Y.P., N.L., S.K., J.J., Y.C., H.S., J.K., T.K., P.L., K.-S.K.), McLean Hospital, Belmont - all in Massachusetts; the Departments of Neurology (C.H.) and Neurosurgery (M.K.) and the Brain and Mind Research Institute (G.A.P.), Weill Cornell Medical College, New York; the Department of Neurology, Kaiser Permanente, Irvine, CA (C.N.); and the Department of Molecular and Life Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea (H.S.).

We report the implantation of patient-derived midbrain dopaminergic progenitor cells, differentiated in vitro from autologous induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), in a patient with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. The patient-specific progenitor cells were produced under Good Manufacturing Practice conditions and characterized as having the phenotypic properties of substantia nigra pars compacta neurons; testing in a humanized mouse model (involving peripheral-blood mononuclear cells) indicated an absence of immunogenicity to these cells. The cells were implanted into the putamen (left hemisphere followed by right hemisphere, 6 months apart) of a patient with Parkinson's disease, without the need for immunosuppression. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 May;99(19):e20154

Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University.

To investigate the effect of multi-disciplinary teamwork on balance performance of Parkinson's disease (PD).Sixteen primary Parkinson's disease patients (8 male, 8 female) treated with bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) were included in the study. The median age of patients was 60. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 May;99(19):e20018

Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Dujiangyan, Sichuan Province, China.

Background: Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neuromuscular disease associated with bradykinesia, tremor, and postural instability. We aimed to compare outcomes and complications of total hip arthroplasty (THA) between patients with PD and those without.

Methods: A single institution retrospective cohort from 2000 to 2018 was reviewed. Read More

Neurol Sci 2020 Apr 23. Epub 2020 Apr 23.

Department of Neurology, Govind Ballabh Pant Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Academic Block, Room No. 503, New Delhi, 110002, India.

Background: The most common type of tremor reported in dystonia patients is postural and kinetic. There is uncertainty regarding the prevalence of rest tremor in dystonia.

Objective: This review focuses on the clinical and neurophysiological features of rest tremor in dystonia, its differential diagnosis, and methods to distinguish it from other rest tremor syndromes. Read More

JAMA 2020 04;323(14):1420

Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, and Norman Fixel Institute for Neurologic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville.

Neurol Clin 2020 05 22;38(2):293-307. Epub 2020 Feb 22.

UCSF Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Center, 1635 Divisadero Street Suite 520, Box 1838, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.

Surgery in Parkinson disease is effective for a select group of patients when optimal medical management is not sufficient. Functional neurosurgery can be used as either a salvage therapy in patients with disabling symptoms or to maintain quality of life and independence before progression to severe disability in high-functioning patients. With recent technological advancements in imaging and targeting as well as novel neuromodulation paradigms, there are numerous options for targeted brain lesions and deep brain stimulation. Read More

Mov Disord 2020 Apr 6. Epub 2020 Apr 6.

Serina Therapeutics, Inc., Huntsville, Alabama, USA.

Background: Extensive scientific and clinical evidence indicates that continuous delivery of a dopaminergic agent is associated with significant reduction in motor complications compared with intermittent oral dosing with the same agent. There has been an intensive effort to develop a method of providing continuous plasma levels of a dopaminergic agent that avoids the need for surgical therapy or an infusion system. Studies in MPTP-treated monkeys demonstrate that once-weekly injections of polymer-linked rotigotine provide continuous plasma levels and antiparkinsonian benefits. Read More

Cancer Radiother 2020 Apr 24;24(2):166-173. Epub 2020 Mar 24.

Département de neurochirurgie, centre hospitalier universitaire Gabriel-Montpied, 58, rue Montalembert, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a non-invasive technique that enables to create brain focal lesions with a high precision and localization. Thus, functional brain disorders can be treated by SRS in case of pharmacoresistance or inoperability. To date, treatment of trigeminal neuralgia is the most described and known indication. Read More

J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2020 Jun 24;127(6):881-891. Epub 2020 Mar 24.

Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi-Montalcini", University of Torino, Turin, Italy.

The TANDEM investigation was carried out in 17 Italian Movement Disorder centers on behalf of a joint initiative of neurologist members of the Italian Academy for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (LIMPE-DISMOV Academy) and gastroenterologist members of the Italian Society of Digestive Endoscopy (SIED) to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) in routine medical care. Motor scores in "ON" and OFF" state (UPDRS-III), complications of therapy (UPDRS-IV), activities of daily living, sleep disorders and quality of life were evaluated at baseline and at two follow-up assessments (FUV1 and FUV2) within the initial 12-month LCIG treatment. In 159 patients (55% males) with a mean age of 69. Read More

Front Pharmacol 2020 6;11:124. Epub 2020 Mar 6.

Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.

, commonly known as marijuana, contains a pool of secondary plant metabolites with therapeutic effects. Besides Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol that is the principal psychoactive constituent of , cannabidiol (CBD) is the most abundant nonpsychoactive phytocannabinoid and may represent a prototype for anti-inflammatory drug development for human pathologies where both the inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) play an important role to their etiology and progression. To this regard, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), the most common neurodegenerative disorders, are characterized by extensive oxidative damage to different biological substrates that can cause cell death by different pathways. Read More

Braz J Psychiatry 2020 Apr 16;42(2):124-125. Epub 2020 Mar 16.

UT MOVE, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Health Science at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.

World Neurosurg 2020 Mar;135:381-382

Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York, USA.

JAMA 2020 02;323(6):548-560

Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville.

Importance: Parkinson disease is the most common form of parkinsonism, a group of neurological disorders with Parkinson disease-like movement problems such as rigidity, slowness, and tremor. More than 6 million individuals worldwide have Parkinson disease.

Observations: Diagnosis of Parkinson disease is based on history and examination. Read More

Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020 03 1;72:1-6. Epub 2020 Feb 1.

Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy.

Introduction: We investigated the disease progression rate in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy-Richardson syndrome (PSP-RS) and PSP-parkinsonism (PSP-P) in comparison with Parkinson disease (PD) patients, using MRPI (Magnetic Resonance Parkinsonism Index), and MRPI 2.0.

Methods: Fifteen PSP-RS patients (disease duration, y, mean ± SD: 2. Read More

Mayo Clin Proc 2020 02;95(2):419-422

Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida.

PLoS One 2020 6;15(2):e0221380. Epub 2020 Feb 6.

Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) Research Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, United Kingdom.

Computational studies of the influence of different network parameters on the dynamic and topological network effects of brain stimulation can enhance our understanding of different outcomes between individuals. In this study, a brain stimulation session along with the subsequent post-stimulation brain activity is simulated for a period of one day using a network of modified Wilson-Cowan oscillators coupled according to diffusion imaging based structural connectivity. We use this computational model to examine how differences in the inter-region connectivity and the excitability of stimulated regions at the time of stimulation can affect post-stimulation behaviours. Read More

J Neurosci 2020 Mar 4;40(10):2166-2177. Epub 2020 Feb 4.

Departments of Neurology and

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and globus pallidus internus (GPi) is an effective treatment for parkinsonian motor signs. Though its therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear, it has been suggested that antidromic activation of the primary motor cortex (M1) plays a significant role in mediating its therapeutic effects. This study tested the hypothesis that antidromic activation of M1 is a prominent feature underlying the therapeutic effect of STN and GPi DBS. Read More

Curr Neuropharmacol 2020 01 23. Epub 2020 Jan 23.

Anesthesia and Operation Center, The First Medical Center to Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.

17β-Estradiol (estradiol or E2) is a steroid hormone that has been broadly applied as a neuroprotective therapeutic for a variety of neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular disorders such as ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Several laboratory and clinical studies have reported that estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) had no effect against these diseases in elderly postmenopausal women, and at worst, increased their risk of onset and mortality. This review focuses on the growing body of data from in vitro and animal models characterizing the potential underlying mechanisms and signaling pathways that govern successful neuroprotection by ERT, including the roles of E2 receptors in mediating neuroprotection, E2 genomic regulation of apoptosis-related pathways, membrane-bound receptor-mediated non-genomic signaling pathways, and the antioxidant mechanisms of E2. Read More

Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2019 Jul;2019:4164-4167

Accurate localization of subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a key prior in deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery for the patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). Microelectrode recordings (MERs) along with preplanned trajectories are often employed for the STN localization and it remains challenging task. These MER signals are nonstationary and multicomponent in nature. Read More

Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2019 07;2019:3311-3314

It is a significant but ignored issue to quantify the influence of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) surgery in patients with Parkinson's disease during the whole perioperative period. In this paper, wearable sensors were utilized to record patients' motor changes in the time before surgery, after surgery with stimulation off and stimulation on. The results showed that the DBS surgery is effective and safe in the perioperative period. Read More

Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2019 07;2019:2900-2904

In recent years, closed-loop adaptive deep brain stimulation (aDBS) for Parkinson's disease (PD) has gained focus in the research community, due to promising proof-of-concept studies showing its suitability for improving DBS therapy and ameliorating related side effects.The main challenges faced in the aDBS control problem is the presence of non-stationary/non-linear dynamics and the heterogeneity of PD's phenotype, making the exploration of data-driven dynamics-aware control algorithms a promising research direction. However, due to the severe safety constraints related to working with patients, aDBS is a sensitive research field that requires surrogate development platforms with growing complexity, as novel control algorithms are validated. Read More

Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2019 07;2019:584-587

The continuous monitoring of Parkinsons's disease (PD) symptoms would allow to automatically adjust medication or deep brain stimulation parameters to a patient's momentary condition. Wearable sensors have been proposed to monitor PD symptoms and have been validated in a number of lab and hospital settings. However, taking these sensors into the daily life of patients introduces a number of difficulties, most notably the absence of an observable ground truth of what the user is currently doing. Read More

Int J Surg 2020 02 11;74:92-93. Epub 2020 Jan 11.

Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, 92 Aiguo Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China. Electronic address:

Drugs Aging 2020 03;37(3):215-223

Institute of Cardiology Research, University of Buenos Aires, National Research Council (CONICET-ININCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Introduction: Immediate-release (IR) amantadine has been marketed for Parkinson's disease (PD) therapy for 50 years, while two novel extended-release formulations have only recently reached the market in the US.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe amantadine IR utilization patterns in the French COPARK cohort, at baseline and after 2 years of follow-up.

Methods: Overall, 683 PD patients from the COPARK survey were evaluated. Read More

Nat Rev Neurosci 2020 02 6;21(2):103-115. Epub 2020 Jan 6.

Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.

Cell-replacement therapies have long been an attractive prospect for treating Parkinson disease. However, the outcomes of fetal tissue-derived cell transplants in individuals with Parkinson disease have been variable, in part owing to the limitations of fetal tissue as a cell source, relating to its availability and the lack of possibility for standardization and to variation in methods. Advances in developmental and stem cell biology have allowed the development of cell-replacement therapies that comprise dopamine neurons derived from human pluripotent stem cells, which have several advantages over fetal cell-derived therapies. Read More

Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2019 Dec;39(12):1461-1468

Department of Neurosurgery, Neuromedicine Center of Fujian Province, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350000, China.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of applying intracranial lead reconstruction in deep brain stimulation (DBS) therapy for Parkinsonism.

Methods: We retrospectively collected the clinical data from 27 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), who received bilateral subthalamic nucleus (STN) DBS therapy between January, 2016 and December, 2017. According to the position of the selected optimal stimulating contact of the implanted leads, the patients were divided into group A with the stimulating contacts of the bilateral leads in the STN, group B with unilateral stimulating contacts in the STN, and group C with bilateral stimulating contacts outside the STN. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 12;98(52):e18406

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul.

As an anesthetic reversal agent, there are concerns with cholinesterase inhibitors regarding worsening of Parkinson's disease (PD)-related symptoms. Sugammadex, a relatively new reversal agent, does not inhibit acetylcholinesterase and does not require co-administration of an antimuscarinic agent. The present study compared the recovery profiles of 2 agents initially administered for reversal of neuromuscular blockade in patients with advanced PD who underwent deep brain stimulator implantation. Read More

Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020 01 19;70:96-102. Epub 2019 Dec 19.

Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Electronic address:

Introduction: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery is an efficacious, underutilized treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD). Studies of DBS post-operative outcomes are often restricted to data from a single center and consider DBS in isolation. National estimates of DBS readmission and post-operative outcomes are needed, as are comparisons to commonly performed surgeries. Read More

World Neurosurg 2020 Mar 19;135:e562-e566. Epub 2019 Dec 19.

Department of Neurosurgery, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address:

Background: The need for a better understanding of the subthalamic nucleus (STN)'s vascular anatomy is still evident because revealing its vascular supply may increase insight in the pathogenesis of related disorders, such as STN ischemia. The mechanisms under motor, behavioral, and cognitive changes following deep brain stimulation treatment may also be explained by its pattern of vascularization. The primary goal of this study was to delineate the vascularization of the STN and highlight the predominant perforating arteries supplying its territory. Read More

Front Neurol 2019 3;10:1254. Epub 2019 Dec 3.

Department of Neurology, UKSH, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany.

Postural abnormalities are common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and increasing with disease progression. While many studies focus on balance and gait, postural alignment is only infrequently studied. The aim of the present study was to examine the immediate and long-term effects of medication and deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the subthalamic nucleus on postural alignment in PD. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2019 Dec 11;20(24). Epub 2019 Dec 11.

Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.

This study analyzed gender differences in the progressive dopamine (DA) deficiency phenotype in the MitoPark (MP) mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD) with progressive loss of DA release and reuptake in midbrain DA pathways. We found that the progressive loss of these DA presynaptic parameters begins significantly earlier in male than female MP mice. This was correlated with behavioral gender differences of both forced and spontaneous motor behavior. Read More

Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020 01 5;70:94-95. Epub 2019 Dec 5.

University of Missouri- School of Medicine, University of Missouri Health Care, 531, CS&E Building, 1 Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA. Electronic address:

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019 Nov;99(44):3471-3476

Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110840, China.

To analyze the correlation between intracranial air and electrode displacement after deep brain stimulation. Compared the accuracy of the electrodes on both sides while bilateral intracranial air. A total of 133 patients with bilateral DBS from February 2017 to February 2019 in neurosurgery department of the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command were included. Read More

Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2019 ;119(9. Vyp. 2):32-36

Russian Medical Academy forf Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia.

Speech disorders are widely spread in patients with Parkinson's disease, and these symptoms are only getting worse as the disease progresses. Nevertheless, only a few percent of the population have an access to an adequate and qualified care. This review describes the pathophysiology of parkinsonian speech disorders, methods of diagnostics and monitoring and treatment modalities, which include pharmacotherapy, speech therapy and surgical approaches. Read More

Front Neurol 2019 22;10:1231. Epub 2019 Nov 22.

Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is an effective treatment for advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). The G2385R variant of is a risk factor for PD in Han Chinese individuals. We retrospectively compared the clinical outcomes of STN-DBS surgery between PD Han Chinese variant carriers and non-carriers. Read More

World Neurosurg 2020 Mar 2;135:176-179. Epub 2019 Dec 2.

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA; Adult Hydrocephalus Program, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a disorder of aging that is characterized by enlarged cerebral ventricles, gait apraxia, dementia, and urinary incontinence. iNPH is frequently misdiagnosed, in part because the symptoms resemble other neurological disorders, and because other associated symptoms have not been fully characterized. Importantly, iNPH has not previously been associated with stuttering, and shunting has not been shown to alleviate the symptom of stuttering. Read More

Brain 2019 12;142(12):3666-3669

Brain and Mind Centre and Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

World Neurosurg 2020 Feb 28;134:e1121-e1129. Epub 2019 Nov 28.

Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (Original General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command), People's Liberation Army Institute of Neurology, Shenyang, China.

Background: Patients requiring deep brain stimulation (DBS) will undergo extensive preoperative and postoperative evaluations. However, the field lacks a robust scoring system for quantifying the outcomes of DBS surgery. We sought to determine whether a practical scale could assess the outcomes of DBS surgery and the clinical significance. Read More

Int J Surg 2020 01 26;73:26-27. Epub 2019 Nov 26.

Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. Electronic address:

J Orthop Surg Res 2019 Nov 28;14(1):396. Epub 2019 Nov 28.

Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.

Background: Performing total joint arthroplasty (TJA) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients may encounter a higher complication rate or worse functional outcomes compared with common patients. The relationship between PD and clinical outcomes after TJA is not fully understood.

Methods: Retrospectively, we used manual charts to investigate the clinical outcomes in 41 patients including 24 total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients (28 hips) and 18 total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients (22 knees) with a diagnosis of PD from 2009 to 2016. Read More

Neurology 2020 01 27;94(1):39-41. Epub 2019 Nov 27.

From the Department of Neurology (D.W., H.B.-V., C.R.B.) and Department of Neurosurgery (L.S.), University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich; and Practice for Neurorehabilitation (R.H.-S.), Zurich, Switzerland.

J Alzheimers Dis 2020 ;73(1):73-76

Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy.

The number of people reaching old age is growing dramatically and centenarians are among the fastest growing age groups. Since no epidemiological study on Parkinson's disease (PD) in this age class is present in the medical literature, we estimated PD prevalence in the Centenari a Trieste (CaT) study. Participating centenarians were examined by a neurologist, who also retrieved their remote and pharmacological anamnesis. Read More

Mov Disord 2020 02 26;35(2):204-214. Epub 2019 Nov 26.

Neurology Service, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain.

Freezing of gait is a disabling phenomenon that appears in a substantial number of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients as the disease evolves. It is considered to be one of the most relevant contributing factors to worsening of quality of life. Current pharmacological or surgical treatment options have limited efficacy. Read More

World Neurosurg 2020 Feb 19;134:e1008-e1014. Epub 2019 Nov 19.

Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is considered standard of care for the treatment of medically refractory Parkinson disease (PD). The placement of brain electrodes is performed using contrast imaging to enhance blood vessel identification during stereotactic planning. We present our experience with a series of patients implanted using noncontrast imaging. Read More

Handb Clin Neurol 2019 ;167:257-277

Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration, Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder that manifests with a variety of motor and nonmotor symptoms. Its incidence increases with age. It is important for clinicians to be able to distinguish symptoms of aging and other comorbidities from those of PD. Read More

EMBO J 2019 12 21;38(24):e101196. Epub 2019 Nov 21.

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by degeneration of midbrain-type dopamine (mDA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). The RNA-binding protein Lin28 plays a role in neuronal stem cell development and neuronal differentiation. In this study, we reveal that Lin28 conditional knockout (cKO) mice show degeneration of mDA neurons in the SN, as well as PD-related behavioral deficits. Read More

J Clin Neuromuscul Dis 2019 Dec;21(2):69-76

Departments of Neurological Sciences and.

Objective: To determine the feasibility of examining intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) in postmortem skin.

Methods: From 12 subjects, 3-mm skin punch biopsies were collected 1-4 days postmortem from the proximal leg and distal leg, with a mean (range) interval from the death of 37 (15-91) hours. Causes of death varied broadly, including hepatocellular carcinoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, generalized atherosclerosis, progressive supranuclear palsy, Parkinson disease, emphysema, and obesity. Read More

World Neurosurg 2020 Mar 13;135:e94-e99. Epub 2019 Nov 13.

Department of Neurosurgery, The General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (The Original General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command), PLA Institute of Neurology, Shenyang, China.

Objective: To analyze and compare the effects of subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) and globus pallidus internus (GPi)-DBS on Parkinson disease (PD)-related pain.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed of 64 patients (28 who underwent GPi-DBS and 36 who underwent STN-DBS) with PD-related pain in our hospital between January 2017 and July 2019. A numerical rating scale (NRS) was used to evaluate the degree of pain preoperatively and 4 months after operation, and the unified PD scale III (UPDRS-III) was completed simultaneously to assess motor symptoms. Read More

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019 11 11;116(48):24326-24333. Epub 2019 Nov 11.

Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, WC1N 3BG London, United Kingdom;

To understand the function and dysfunction of neural circuits, it is necessary to understand the properties of the neurons participating in the behavior, the connectivity between these neurons, and the neuromodulatory status of the circuits at the time they are producing the behavior. Such knowledge of human neural circuits is difficult, at best, to obtain. Here, we study firing properties of human subthalamic neurons, using microelectrode recordings and microstimulation during awake surgery for Parkinson's disease. Read More

Int J Surg 2019 12 5;72:194-195. Epub 2019 Nov 5.

Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: