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J Vasc Access 2020 Jun 30:1129729820937133. Epub 2020 Jun 30.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.

Some patients with intestinal failure, who are dependent on total parenteral nutrition for long periods, suffer from a lack of suitable conventional venous access points, including axillary, external jugular, internal jugular, subclavian, saphenous, and the brachio-cephalic and femoral veins, due to their occlusion. Furthermore, extensive central venous stenosis and/or thrombosis of the superior and inferior vena cava may preclude further catheterization, so uncommon routes must be used, which can be challenging. In such patients, the azygos vein via the intercostal vein is a viable candidate. Read More

Ann Vasc Dis 2020 Jun;13(2):132-136

Section of Vascular Surgery, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.

May-Thurner and Paget-Schroetter syndromes are rare conditions encountered by vascular surgeons. An updated knowledge about these conditions is crucial for the effective management of patients with these syndromes who are mostly young. May-Thurner syndrome (MTS) is caused by the compression of the left common iliac vein by the right common iliac artery, and it is a risk factor for left leg deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Read More

Intern Med 2020 Jun 23. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Japan.

We herein report on two male patients (age, 22 and 44 years) who were referred to our department with swelling of the upper right arm after attending other hospitals. Right subclavian vein thrombosis was demonstrated by ultrasonography and they were then further evaluated by contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). Successful treatment involved venous thrombectomy in one patient and anticoagulant therapy in the other. Read More

J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2020 Jul;8(4):700-701

Academic Surgery Unit, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Wythenshawe, Manchester, United Kingdom.

Respir Med Case Rep 2020 27;30:101094. Epub 2020 May 27.

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Iizuka Hospital, 3-83 Yoshiomachi, Iizuka, Fukuoka, 820-0018, Japan.

We herein report a case with intractable pleural effusion attributed to superior vena cava (SVC) and upper extremity deep vein thrombosis in a patient with lung cancer. A 62-year-old woman presented to our hospital with shortness of breath and bilateral upper extremity edema. One year ago, she was diagnosed with stage IVB lung adenocarcinoma with bilateral malignant pleural effusions. Read More

Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med 2020 Aug;13(4):457-471

Washington University School of Medicine and Barnes-Jewish Hospital, 660 S. Euclid, Campus, Box 8109, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Neurovascular compression in the upper extremity is rare but can affect even those participating in high-level competitive athletics. To assess optimal approaches to treatment, in this review, we evaluate the current literature on neurovascular compressive syndromes affecting the upper extremity, with a special focus on the thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS).

Recent Findings: Neurovascular compression at the thoracic outlet can involve the brachial plexus, subclavian artery, or subclavian vein, each with distinct clinical manifestations. Read More

J Vasc Surg 2020 Jun 1. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

The Center for Thoracic Outlet Syndrome and the Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. Electronic address:

The global SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic has required a reduction in non-emergency treatment for a variety of disorders. This report summarizes conclusions of an international multidisciplinary consensus group assembled to address evaluation and treatment of patients with thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS), a group of conditions characterized by extrinsic compression of the neurovascular structures serving the upper extremity. The following recommendations were developed in relation to the 3 defined types of TOS (neurogenic, venous, and arterial) and 3 phases of pandemic response (preparatory, urgent with limited resources, and emergency with complete diversion of resources): (1) In-person evaluation and treatment for neurogenic TOS (interventional or surgical) is generally postponed during all pandemic phases, with telephone/telemedicine visits and at-home physical therapy exercises recommended when feasible. Read More

J Innov Card Rhythm Manag 2019 Jul 15;10(7):3738-3742. Epub 2019 Jul 15.

Department of Cardiology, KIMS Hospital, Secunderabad, India.

Upper-extremity venous obstruction is not an uncommon problem encountered by electrophysiologists. The placement of any catheter including pacemaker leads can cause stenosis or total obstruction. Affected patients often require balloon venoplasty to facilitate lead implantation. Read More

Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2020 Jan;47(1):138-140

Dept. of Surgery, Saiseikai Senri Hospital.

A 58-year-old woman underwent surgery and systemic chemotherapy(FOLFIRI plus panitumumab)for ascending colon cancer with multiple lymph node and liver metastases; the preoperative Virchow lymph node aspiration cytology showed adenocarcinoma.After 4 courses of chemotherapy, contrast-enhanced CT showed an embolus in the left subclavian vein.An anticoagulation therapy was started, but the embolus tended to increase. Read More

Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2020 Jan;47(1):91-93

Dept. of Internal Medicine, Fukuyama City Hospital.

We report a case of a migrating central venous(CV)catheter with thrombosis in the internal jugular vein that was diagnosed using ultrasonography in a patient complaining of neck pain during chemotherapy. A 57-year-old man with distant metastasis at 1 year after laparoscopic Hartmann operation for rectal cancer was transported to the emergency department by ambulance complaining of severe right-sided neck pain. On that day, his 6th course of chemotherapy with modified FOLFOX6 (levofolinic acid, 5-fluorouracil[5-FU], oxaliplatin[L-OHP])and panitumumab was administered using a CV port that had been placed 3 months previously from the right subclavian vein in the superior vena cava, and verified using radiography. Read More

J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech 2020 Jun 15;6(2):209-211. Epub 2020 Apr 15.

Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ascension Macomb, Warren, Mich.

This case report describes a 57-year-old man who presented to the emergency department with right upper extremity swelling and redness. He was diagnosed with right upper extremity deep venous thrombosis extending from the brachial vein to the subclavian vein. The patient underwent successful mechanical thrombectomy with the ClotTriever system (Inari Medical, Irvine, Calif). Read More

Intern Med 2020 Apr 23. Epub 2020 Apr 23.

Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Japan.

An 81-year-old man presented with shortness of breath and was referred to our hospital with suspected acute pulmonary embolism. Enhanced computed tomography revealed a right aberrant subclavian artery with a thrombosed Kommerell diverticulum (KD), as well as deep vein thrombosis in the left leg and bilateral pulmonary artery thrombosis. Thrombosis in the KD disappeared after one month of anticoagulation treatment with rivaroxaban. Read More

Respir Med Case Rep 2020 3;30:101049. Epub 2020 Apr 3.

UIW School of Osteopathic Medicine, Laredo Medical Center, Laredo, TX, 78044, USA.

A 38-year-old African American male presented with progressive pain, swelling, numbness, and warmth of the left upper extremity ten days before admission. A chest computerized tomography scan showed a large 8.3 cm × 6. Read More

Angiol Sosud Khir 2020 ;26(1):148-156

Department of General Surgery, North-Western State Medical University named after I.M. Mechnikov, Saint Petersburg, Russia.

Analysed herein are the results of treating a total of 17 patients presenting with pathology of the aorta and lower-limb arteries, who from 2010 to 2018 required redo interventions due to infection of a previously implanted synthetic vascular graft. At admission, 3 patients were diagnosed as having an open infected wound, 11 were found to have a fistula, 2 had a false aneurysm in the area of the distal anastomosis of the branch of the bifurcation aortofemoral prosthesis, and 1 had thrombosis of the branch of the prosthesis with evidence of infection. As redo surgery, 4 patients underwent subclavian-femoral bypass grafting, 2 were subjected to crossover iliac-femoral bypass grafting, 8 to unilateral iliac-femoral bypass grafting, 3 to loop endarterectomy. Read More

Ann Vasc Surg 2020 Mar 21. Epub 2020 Mar 21.

Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.

Background: Endovascular stent and prosthetic graft placement are commonplace techniques for correction of subclavian artery (SCA) lesions. However, when initial surgical repair of the SCA becomes complicated by subsequent infection or thrombosis of the repair site, stents and prosthetic grafts are no longer suitable for secondary repair due to the risk of recurrent failure and limited longevity. Autogenous tissue is more resistant to infection and has improved long-term patency, and thus may be a better option for secondary reconstruction in these complex clinical scenarios. Read More

Indian J Crit Care Med 2020 Jan;24(Suppl 1):S6-S30

Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nayati Medicity, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India, , e-mail:

Background And Purpose: Short-term central venous catheterization (CVC) is one of the commonly used invasive interventions in ICU and other patient-care areas. Practice and management of CVC is not standardized, varies widely, and need appropriate guidance. Purpose of this document is to provide a comprehensive, evidence-based and up-to-date, one document source for practice and management of central venous catheterization. Read More

J Vasc Access 2020 Feb 28:1129729820907250. Epub 2020 Feb 28.

General Intensive Care Unit, Emergency Department, University of Milan-Bicocca, ASST Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.

Introduction: Midline catheters are widely used in clinical practice. Proper placement of midline catheter tip is usually assessed only by aspirating blood and flushing with normal saline without resistance.

Purpose: To describe the ultrasound-guided tip location for midline catheters and its feasibility and to compare incidence of catheter-related venous thrombosis associated with or without ultrasound tip localization. Read More

J Voice 2020 Feb 20. Epub 2020 Feb 20.

Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.

The etiology of vocal fold paralysis is multifaceted. One of the rare causes is internal jugular vein thrombosis secondary to central venous catheterization. The palsy is usually ipsilateral to the site of indwelled catheterization, self-limited and reversible. Read More

Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2020 Jun 18;26(6):1189-1194. Epub 2020 Feb 18.

Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany. Electronic address:

Central venous catheters (CVCs) are extensively used in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). In these patients CVC are placed routinely either via the internal jugular vein (IJV) or the subclavian vein (SCV). Purpose of this study was to systematically analyze complications of CVC at different insertion sites in HCT recipients. Read More

Turk Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Derg 2019 Oct 23;27(4):499-507. Epub 2019 Oct 23.

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Bursa Ali Osman Sönmez Oncology Hospital.

Background: The aim of this study was to present clinical characteristics, peri-procedural outcomes, early and late complications, and management strategies in patients undergoing totally implantable venous access port insertion through percutaneous subclavian vein.

Methods: A total of 2,084 port devices were inserted to 2,000 cancer patients (1,066 males, 934 females; mean age 58.4±12. Read More

J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech 2020 Mar 12;6(1):59-62. Epub 2020 Feb 12.

Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, D.C.

Paget-Schroetter syndrome is a form of primary venous thoracic outlet syndrome whereby thrombosis of the subclavian vein is instigated by repeated and vigorous overhead activity of the arm. We describe a 35-year-old pregnant white woman at 8 weeks' gestation, a competitive swimmer by profession, who was diagnosed with a left upper extremity thrombus. First rib resection through an infraclavicular approach was performed 1 week after percutaneous pharmacomechanical thrombectomy. Read More

J Arrhythm 2020 Feb 16;36(1):199-202. Epub 2019 Dec 16.

Faculty of Medicine Universitas Pelita Harapan Tangerang Indonesia.

In up to 13.7% of device implants, lead entry through the cephalic, axillary, or subclavian veins might be unfeasible. Transjugular permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation may be considered as a bailout strategy in the difficult anatomy of conventional veins, before resorting to epicardial pacing lead, which requires general anesthesia and thoracotomy. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Feb;99(6):e18996

Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine.

Upper extremity vein thrombosis (UE-VT) are more and more frequent pathologies and yet little studied. The aim is to describe the clinical and ultrasound features, UE-VT-related diseases, and the prevalence of pulmonary embolism (PE) and associated deaths.All UE-VT patients diagnosed by Doppler-ultrasound in Nantes University Hospital, from January 2015 to December 2017, were included retrospectively. Read More

Thromb Res 2020 Mar 15;187:103-112. Epub 2020 Jan 15.

Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, United States of America. Electronic address:

Central venous catheters (CVC) have revolutionized the care of patients requiring long-term venous access. With increasing use of CVCs, the incidence of catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) has been on the rise. CRT constitutes 10% of all deep venous thromboses (DVT) in adults and 50-80% of all DVTs among children. Read More

Cureus 2020 Jan 3;12(1):e6557. Epub 2020 Jan 3.

Emergency Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hosptial and Research Center, Riyadh, SAU.

Internal jugular vein thrombosis (IJVT) is an unusual case of vascular disease of the upper limb veins, that could result in multiple complications if left untreated. IJVT can be subdivided into primary and secondary. Primary IJVT is when the thrombosis happens to someone without known risk factors, while secondary IJVT is when it happens to a person with previous risk factors. Read More

J Pediatr Surg 2020 Jun 9;55(6):1157-1161. Epub 2019 Dec 9.

Department of Pediatric Anesthesiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

Background: Tunneled Hickman/Broviac central venous catheter implantation is performed when patients require a central vein route for long-term therapy. The subclavian or internal jugular vein approach is often chosen for their implantation sites. However, access to the central vein can be difficult owing to thrombosis or stenosis when the same vein has already been accessed several times. Read More

Phys Sportsmed 2020 Feb 17:1-5. Epub 2020 Feb 17.

Primary Care Sports Medicine, University Orthopedics Center, Altoona, PA, USA.

Paget-Schroetter Syndrome is a rare condition in the spectrum of deep vein thromboses involving spontaneous upper extremity venous thrombosis in the axillary-subclavian vein. The syndrome usually occurs in young, healthy individuals and is a progressive, anatomic manifestation of venous thoracic outlet syndrome. Thrombosis is secondary to repetitive overuse of the arm, leading to compression, microtrauma, and local inflammation of the particularly vulnerable subclavian vein in the thoracic outlet at the junction of the first rib and clavicle. Read More

Clin Anat 2019 Dec 31. Epub 2019 Dec 31.

School of Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.

Introduction: Most hemodialysis patients start renal replacement therapy with a central venous catheter (CVC). The left internal jugular vein (LIJV) is the second-choice vein for CVC positioning, after the right IJV. However, to reach the right atrium, the CVC must pass through the left brachiocephalic vein (LBV), which also drains blood from the left arm through the subclavian vein. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Nov;98(47):e17829

Department of Vascular Surgery, West China Hospital.

Rationale: Venous thoracic outlet syndrome (VTOS) secondary to subclavian arterial stent implantation is extremely rare. Here, we firstly report this disease and the endovascular intervention using covered-stents.

Patient Concerns: An 80-year-old man who had received an acceptable stent implantation for the treatment of a right subclavian arteriovenous malformation (AVM), presented with a gradually increasing swelling and pain in his right upper extremity. Read More

J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2020 Jan 13;8(1):118-126. Epub 2019 Nov 13.

The Center for Thoracic Outlet Syndrome and the Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo. Electronic address:

Objective: To assess the utilization and consequences of upper extremity Duplex ultrasound in the initial diagnostic evaluation of patients with suspected subclavian vein (SCV) thrombosis and venous thoracic outlet syndrome (VTOS).

Methods: A retrospective single-center review was conducted for patients that underwent primary surgical treatment for VTOS between 2008 and 2017, in whom an upper extremity ultrasound had been performed as the initial diagnostic test (n = 214). Clinical and treatment characteristics were compared between patients with positive and false-negative ultrasound studies. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2019 Nov 15;20:1679-1683. Epub 2019 Nov 15.

Division of Pulmonary/Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

BACKGROUND Risk factors for venous thromboembolism can include a combination of genetic, anatomic, and physiologic factors, some of which are modifiable. Patients presenting to the hospital with venous thromboembolism may have multiple risk factors that require testing beyond the initial admission labs and hypercoagulability screening panel. CASE REPORT We describe a right-handed patient who lifts weights for exercise, who presented with pulmonary infarcts and clot in the right superior vena cava/subclavian vein. Read More

J Vasc Surg 2020 Jun 7;71(6):2004-2011. Epub 2019 Nov 7.

Aortic Institute at Yale-New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. Electronic address:

Objective: The Kommerell diverticulum (KD) is an extremely rare developmental abnormality of the aorta related to an aberrant subclavian artery (ASCA). The objective of our study was to review the natural history of KD and ASCA using our single-center experience in diagnosing and managing KD and ASCA.

Methods: A retrospective review of the Yale radiological database from January 1999 to December 2016 was performed. Read More

J Atr Fibrillation 2019 Jun 30;12(1):2106. Epub 2019 Jun 30.

Medical Student Government Kilpauk Medical College & Hospital.

Background: Radiofrequency cathether ablation (RFCA) of Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) and typical atrial flutter (AF) is traditionally performed via femoral vein approach and all devices are designed to be delivered via inferior access. In rare cases of congenital or iatrogenic obstruction of inferior vena cava (IVC), RFCA of arrhythmias is performed via transhepatic approach.

Case Report: 87 year old male patient with history of IVC filter placement for recurrent deep venous thrombosis and AFib on amiodarone developed symptoms with worsening Afib burden resulting in deterioration of left ventricular ejection fraction. Read More

Eur Heart J Case Rep 2019 Sep 18;3(3):ytz118. Epub 2019 Jul 18.

Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu University Hospital, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, Japan.

Background: Paget-Schroetter syndrome (PSS) is an unusual cause of venous thromboembolism, which is frequently misdiagnosed and undiagnosed in clinical settings. Although axillary-subclavian vein thrombosis is related with PSS typically presents in healthy young athletes, it is possible for this phenomenon to occur in various age settings.

Case Summary: We present a case of recurrent pulmonary embolism caused by a thrombus in dilated axillary vein related with PSS. Read More

J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev 2019 Aug 6;3(8):e044. Epub 2019 Aug 6.

Advanced Critical Care Center, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu-shi, Gifu, Japan (Dr. Miyake, Dr. Okada, and Dr. Ogura); the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo Shizuoka Hospital, Izunokuni, Shizuoka, Japan (Dr. Miyake, Dr. Obayashi, and Dr. Kanda); and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan (Dr. Kaneko).

A patent foramen ovale provides a portal through which a thrombus might pass from the right side of the circulation to the left. A 65-year-old man underwent high tibial osteotomy after the diagnosis of the right knee osteoarthritis. On postoperative day 12, he developed bilateral arm paresthesia. Read More

J Hosp Med 2019 Sep 6;14:E1-E22. Epub 2019 Sep 6.

Division of General & Hospital Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas.

Preprocedure: 1) We recommend that providers should be familiar with the operation of their specific ultrasound machine prior to initiation of a vascular access procedure.2) We recommend that providers should use a high-frequency linear transducer with a sterile sheath and sterile gel to perform vascular access procedures.3) We recommend that providers should use two-dimensional ultrasound to evaluate for anatomical variations and absence of vascular thrombosis during preprocedural site selection. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Sep 16;12(9). Epub 2019 Sep 16.

Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Central venous catheter (CVC) insertion is a commonly done procedure but associated with some potential complications. In our case, intraoperatively we placed a CVC into the right subclavian vein of the patient for a neurosurgical procedure. Subsequently, in the neurosurgical intensive care unit, on checking the patency of the CVC, only the distal and proximal lumens were working and no backflow of blood was detected from the middle port. Read More

Surgery 2019 12 13;166(6):1117-1121. Epub 2019 Sep 13.

Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA. Electronic address:

Background: Traumatic injury and the presence of a central venous catheter are 2 of the strongest risk factors for venous thromboembolism in children. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of symptomatic, catheter-associated thrombosis in critically injured children. We hypothesized that femoral venous catheters are associated with a greater rate of thrombotic complications when compared with all other central venous access points. Read More

Pol Merkur Lekarski 2019 Aug;47(278):72-75

Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.

Introduction: Cerebral salt wasting syndrome (CSWS), characterized by natriuresis, polyuria, and hypovolemia, is a rare complication of central nervous system injury or disease.

A Case Study: 12-year-old girl was admitted with second attack of nephrotic syndrome (NS). On admission she presents with edema, blood pressure 110/60 mm Hg, proteinuria 145 mg/kg/24h, hypoalbuminemia (1. Read More

Pol Merkur Lekarski 2019 Aug;47(278):65-66

Department of Electrocardiology, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland; Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.

A Case Report: A 65-year-old male patient underwent left-sided placement of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. At three years after implantation he emerged complaining on left upper limb and left-sided neck edema. Left brachicephalic vein thrombosis due to device leads was recognized. Read More

Clin Cardiol 2019 Oct 22;42(10):958-965. Epub 2019 Aug 22.

First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.

Background: Brugada syndrome (BrS) is associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD). Although implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation is recommended, the long-term outcomes and follow-up data with regard to ICD complications have led to controversy.

Hypothesis: In the present study, we described the data assimilated in a total of 11 studies, analyzing the outcome in 747 BrS patients receiving ICD. Read More

Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2019 10 3;161(10):1993-2002. Epub 2019 Aug 3.

Department of Neurosurgery and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Background: Common carotid artery occlusion (CCA-occlusion) is a rare condition where standard revascularization is not feasible. Here, we analyzed our experience with surgical revascularization of CCA-occlusion to develop an algorithm for selection of the most suitable bypass strategy according to the Riles classification.

Methods: During a 10-year period, 16 out of 288 patients with cerebrovascular disease and compromised hemodynamic reserve underwent revascularization for unilateral CCA-occlusion. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2019 May 21;7(5):e2236. Epub 2019 May 21.

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 3E4, Canada.

Pedicled latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flaps are reliable options for reconstruction of torso and head and neck defects. After ensuring that no kink or external compression occurs on the pedicle, the survival rate exceeds 99%. However, we experienced a complete necrosis of the flap after insertion of a peripherally inserted central catheter line. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 11 22;86(11):1021-1027. Epub 2019 Jul 22.

Department of Medical Ultrasound, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

Objective: To compare the ultrasound- and fluoroscopy-guided subclavian vein catheterization in pediatric population with hematologic diseases.

Methods: A randomized prospective study of subclavian vein catheterization in pediatric population with hematologic diseases was performed. After randomization, the patients were assigned to either ultrasound- or fluoroscopy-guided subclavian vein catheterization. Read More

Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2019 Jul 13;3(3):340-348. Epub 2019 May 13.

Intermountain Medical Center University of Utah School of Medicine Eccles Outpatient Care Center Murray Utah.

Background: Upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) constitutes approximately 10% of all deep vein thromboses (DVTs). The incidence of UEDVT is increasing in association with use of peripherally inserted central venous catheters. Treatment for UEDVT is derived largely from evidence for treatment of lower extremity DVT. Read More

Niger J Clin Pract 2019 Jul;22(7):1022-1025

Department of Radiology and Imaging, Emergency Clinic Pediatric Hospital, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Paget-Schroetter syndrome (PSS), or effort thrombosis, refers to axillary and/or subclavian vein thrombosis associated with repetitive effort of the superior limbs, and is rare in the pediatric population. We report the case of a previously healthy 15-year-old boy who presented with a painful and swollen right arm after throwing firecrackers. Doppler ultrasound showed extensive right subclavian and axillary vein thrombosis. Read More

Cureus 2019 Apr 23;11(4):e4527. Epub 2019 Apr 23.

Heart Failure and Transplant Cardiology, DeBakey Cardiology Associates, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, USA.

Central vein thrombosis (CVT) is a rare cause of chylothorax. We report a patient with chylothorax secondary to CVT, despite being on anticoagulation, who was successfully treated with balloon angioplasty of the occluded vein. A 65-year-old male presented with shortness of breath of one-month duration. Read More

J Vasc Access 2020 Jan 24;21(1):98-102. Epub 2019 Jun 24.

Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.

We are reporting a case of venous thoracic outlet syndrome with recurrent subclavian vein thrombosis in the setting of an ipsilateral brachiocephalic arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis that was malfunctioning due to the central vein obstruction. The patient also had a concomitant external jugular vein origin stenosis. Given her body habitus and aversion to recovery after traditional first rib resection, we elected for an alternative treatment with an external jugular vein to internal jugular vein transposition with balloon angioplasty of the stenosed external jugular origin segment. Read More

J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2019 09 5;7(5):660-664. Epub 2019 Jun 5.

Dialysis Access Institute, Orangeburg, SC.

Background: Upper extremity central venous stenosis results from a variety of environmental and anatomic conditions, including venous thoracic outlet syndrome, the presence of device leads or catheters, and the turbulence created by the presence of arteriovenous fistulas or grafts. In cases of total occlusion, especially at the bony costoclavicular junction, options for endovascular treatment and open venous reconstruction are limited and bypass grafting may be needed. We describe our experience with venous bypass combined with thoracic outlet decompression in a cohort of symptomatic patients with subclavian vein occlusion. Read More