Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Clin Transl Sci 2019 Apr 20. Epub 2019 Apr 20.

Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Allschwil, Switzerland.

Clazosentan is a selective endothelin A receptor antagonist in development for prevention and treatment of vasospasm post subarachnoid hemorrhage. It is a substrate of organic-anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP)1B1/1B3 based on preclinical data. This randomized, double-blind, two-period cross-over study investigated the pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of an intravenous (i. Read More

J Neurosurg Pediatr 2019 Apr 19:1-6. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

Neurogenic stunned myocardium (NSM) is a potentially fatal cause of sudden cardiogenic dysfunction due to an acute neurological event, most commonly aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in adults. Only two pediatric cases of hydrocephalus-induced NSM have been reported. Here the authors report a third case in a 14-year-old boy who presented with severe headache, decreased level of consciousness, and shock in the context of acute hydrocephalus secondary to fourth ventricular outlet obstruction 3 years after standard-risk medulloblastoma treatment. Read More

J Neurosurg Pediatr 2019 Apr 19:1-6. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

1Surgical Outcomes Center for Kids, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville.

OBJECTIVEAt failure of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) with choroid plexus cauterization (CPC), the ETV ostomy may be found to be closed or open. Failure with a closed ostomy may indicate a population that could benefit from evolving techniques to keep the ostomy open and may be candidates for repeat ETV, whereas failure with an open ostomy may be due to persistently abnormal CSF dynamics. This study seeks to identify clinical and radiographic predictors of ostomy status at the time of ETV/CPC failure. Read More

J Neurosurg 2019 Apr 19:1-10. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

2Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital; and.

OBJECTIVEAlthough many patients recover to a good functional outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), residual symptoms are very common and may have a large impact on the patient's daily life. The particular cluster of residual symptoms after aSAH has not previously been described in detail and there is no validated questionnaire that covers the typical problems reported after aSAH. Many of the symptoms are similar to post-concussion syndrome, which often is evaluated with the Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ). Read More

Brain Circ 2019 Jan-Mar;5(1):12-18. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Department of Neuroanaesthesia and Neurocritical Care, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Introduction: Cerebral vasospasm is a dreaded complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) predisposing to delayed cerebral ischemia. We intend to study the cerebroprotective effects of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) in patients with aSAH.

Materials And Methods: This is a single-center, prospective, parallel group, randomized, pilot trial, approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. Read More

Case Rep Orthop 2019 13;2019:7384701. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan.

A 76-year-old woman with a spinal subdural hematoma (SDH) was presented with severe back pain without headache. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed 4 days after onset showed SDH extending from Th2 to L3. She was diagnosed with spontaneous SDH without neurological manifestation, and conservative treatment was selected. Read More

J Neurosci Rural Pract 2019 Apr-Jun;10(2):355-359

Division of Neurocritical Care, Cerebrovascular Center, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is a disorder of dysregulation of cerebrovascular tone resulting in transient segmental vasoconstriction which resolves in 1-3 months. Cerebral edema is an underrecognized complication in RCVS. It is likely multifactorial. Read More

J Neurosci Rural Pract 2019 Apr-Jun;10(2):331-333

Department of Neurosurgery, Iwate Prefectural Chubu Hospital, Kitakami, Iwate, Japan.

A low-lying internal carotid artery (ICA) running closer to the skull base than in usual cases prevents use of the standard transsylvian approach (TSA) to view an aneurysm through the retrocarotid space. A 75-year-old male had a 10-day history of headache and left eyelid ptosis. Initial computed tomography (CT) showed no evidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Read More

J Neurosci Rural Pract 2019 Apr-Jun;10(2):207-211

Department of Radiodiagnosis, Indian Naval Hospital Ship Asvini, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Introduction: Emergency head computed tomography (CT) is rising exponentially during off working hours due to evidence-based medicine, patient's expectation and desires, easy availability and apprehension of medico-legal cases, thereby raising health-care cost. There is huge gap in demand and supply of radiologist, especially during off working hours. There is need to know the pattern of emergency head findings. Read More

Indian J Anaesth 2019 Apr;63(4):295-299

Department of Anaesthesiology, King Fahad Medical College, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Background And Aims: Full Outline of UnResponsiveness (FOUR) score is a more comprehensive score used to assess eye response, motor response, brainstem reflexes, and respiration that was introduced to overcome the drawbacks of Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score. Our aim was to assess which score best predicts mortality and poor outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) patients.

Methods: This cohort study, prospectively evaluated the use of FOUR score to assess the mortality and outcome in aSAH patients during the period from November 2015 to November 2016. Read More

Disabil Rehabil 2019 Apr 18:1-7. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

b Division of Cardiovascular Sciences , The University of Manchester, Core Technology Facility , Manchester , UK.

Background: Despite advances in the acute care of subarachnoid haemorrhage, longer-term services remain under-developed. Clinical measures are commonly used to assess outcome and quality of life, but patient-reported needs and the extent to which they are met have not been measured. This information is essential to plan and develop evidence-based, patient-centred services. Read More

J Clin Med 2019 Apr 17;8(4). Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the hospitalization rates for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) among renal transplant patients with adult polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and its outcomes, when compared to non-ADPKD renal transplant patients.

Methods: The 2005-2014 National Inpatient Sample databases were used to identify all hospitalized renal transplant patients. The inpatient prevalence of SAH as a discharge diagnosis between ADPKD and non-ADPKD renal transplant patients was compared. Read More

Clin Case Rep 2019 Apr 19;7(4):648-652. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Critical Care Unit Hospital São Rafael Salvador Brazil.

This case illustrates the importance and potential of having TCD monitoring in intensive care. This easy-to-use, safe, low-cost, and bedside tool allows evaluation of the safety and feasibility of an alternative treatment of VSP in SCH and demonstrates the potential to avoid the use of angiography, a high cost, invasive procedure. Read More

Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2019 Apr;51(2):256-259

Department of Interventional Radiologyand Vascular Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of mechanical thrombectomy treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS),and to explore influential factors of the clinical prognosis preliminarily.

Methods: Clinical data of 26 patients with acute cerebral arterial occlusion treated with mechanical thrombectomy in Peking University Third Hospital from January 2014 to June 2017 were retrospectively collected. The immediate effects of the 26 patients in this group after mechanical thrombectomy treatment were analyzed,The national institutes of health stroke scale (NIHSS) scores between preoperative and at discharge of the 26 patients in this group were compared,and modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores of 90 days post operation were analyzed to assess the prognosis of the 26 patients in this group. Read More

Neurology 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

From the Departments of Neurological Surgery (C.L.N., S.O., L.R., G.L.) and Neurology (E.F.W., A.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

Objective: To define the in-hospital course, complications, short- and long-term functional outcomes of patients with angiographically negative subarachnoid hemorrhage (anSAH), particularly those with aneurysmal-pattern anSAH (aanSAH).

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), aanSAH, and perimesencephalic-pattern anSAH (panSAH) treated at a single tertiary referral center between January 2006 and April 2018. Ninety-nine patients with anSAH (33 aanSAH and 66 panSAH) and 464 patients with aSAH were included in this study. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Apr 14. Epub 2019 Apr 14.

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami MILLER School of Medicine, 1095 NW 14th Terrace (D4-6), Miami, FL 33136 USA University Of Miami, Department of Neurological Surgery.

The authors present a 3D surgical video of a half and half, trans-cavernous approach for microsurgical clipping of a giant basilar tip aneurysm that recurred twice after endovascular treatment. The case refers to a 60 year-old man who presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and was treated with coiling and with a good clinical and radiographic outcome. At three months, he was found to have recurrent filling at the neck of the aneurysm, and was treated again endovascularly with stent coiling. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Apr 14. Epub 2019 Apr 14.

Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing, 210008 Jiangsu Province PR China. Electronic address:

Background: and Purpose Serum hyperglycemia and hypophosphatemia were reported to be common in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). This study was aimed to explore whether admission serum glucose-phosphate ratio was associated with the severity and prognosis of aSAH.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 198 patients with aSAH who were admitted within 24 hours of hemorrhage occurrence to a single academic hospital from June 2016 to September 2017. Read More

Surg Endosc 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Gastroenterology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.

Background And Aims: The techniques and indications for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection (ESTD) to remove superficial neoplasia at the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) have been developed and expanded. However, the resection of superficial neoplasia at the EGJ by ESD remains challenging, and the long-term clinical outcomes of curative and non-curative resections based on histological criteria remain unclear. We conducted a retrospective analysis on the safety and efficacy of the ESD and ESTD procedure with these patients. Read More

Mol Neurobiol 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Department of Neurosurgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.

Although delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is a well-known complication after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), there are no reliable biomarkers to predict DCI development. Matricellular proteins (MCPs) have been reported relevant to DCI and expected to become biomarkers. As machine learning (ML) enables the classification of various input data and the result prediction, the aim of this study was to construct early prediction models of DCI development with clinical variables and MCPs using ML analyses. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030 P.R. China. Electronic address:

Background: The optimal approach of blood blister-like aneurysms (BBAs) is debated. Wrapping has been reported to be an effective strategy, but artificial materials were often used. In addition, perforator protection was difficult using this technique. Read More

Headache 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Background: Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is characterized by thunderclap headaches and transient segmental cerebral arterial vasoconstriction. Many drugs have been identified as triggers of RCVS. However, RCVS induced by methotrexate (MTX), an antimetabolite agent, has never been reported. Read More

Headache 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Neurosurgery, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: Subdural hygromas are often found bilaterally in spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). They frequently progress to chronic subdural hematomas (CSDHs), and if the hematomas are formed, it is difficult to consider SIH as an underlying cause. Whether SIH is underlying or not among the patients presenting bilateral subdural fluid collections (hygromas or CSDHs) is clinically important because the treatment strategy should be different between them. Read More

Crit Care Med 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Neurological Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

Objectives: Optimal fluid management is important in patients with acute brain injury, including subarachnoid hemorrhage. We aimed to examine the relationship between daily fluid intake and fluid balance with hospital complications and functional outcome.

Design: Retrospective observational cohort study. Read More

Turk Neurosurg 2018 Oct 27. Epub 2018 Oct 27.

Ataturk University, Faculty of Medicine.

Aim: Although basic pupillodilatatory function of ciliospinal center is well known, neuropathological mechanism of permanent miosis has not been adequately investigated in ciliospinal center pathologies. In this study, ischemic neurodegeneration of ciliospinal center on permanent miosis examined following SAH.

Material And Methods: 19 rabbits were examined in this study. Read More

J Biophotonics 2019 Apr 15:e201800408. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

RWTH Aachen University, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Neurosurgery and Neurobiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Aachen, Germany.

Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (aSAH) is a severe medical condition associated with a significant cause of mortality throughout the world. Cisterna Magna Injection Model is accepted widely to mimic clinical aSAH and is performed on small animal models to study aSAH during neurosurgery. Coherent light scattered from the surface of the rat brain is used to infer information about the variations in blood flow during this condition. Read More

Neurosurgery 2019 May;84(5):E272-E273

Introduction: Subarachnoid hemorrhage from a ruptured intracranial aneurysm poses a significant health hazard due to its high rates of mortality and disability. The 2 most commonly used treatment modalities of intracranial aneurysms are neurosurgical clipping and endovascular coiling. Through the decision on which treatment option should be chosen in every case is made based on medical indication, nevertheless, due to high socioeconomic burden of subarachnoid hemorrhage, it is also important to compare the healthcare expenditures, caused by clipping and coiling. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA. Electronic address:

Background: and Importance: Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage is associated with high mortality (30-40%) and morbidity with long-term physical, neurologic and/or psychologic impairments; most of which are patients presenting with high initial Hunt & Hess grade. In view of the great need for efficacious therapies for high grade SAH, recent animal studies have demonstrated improved outcomes with administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a potential neuroregenerative strategy. We present the first case of human intravenous administration of MSCs after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. Read More

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto, Japan.

Background: Although many studies evaluated independent prognosis factors of functional outcome in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) at a suitable time point, some patients take a long time to get functional improvement. The purpose of this study is to evaluate predictors for functional outcome in SAH patients who underwent surgical clipping and in-hospital rehabilitation in our single institution using Modified Rankin Scale (MRS) and Barthel Index (BI).

Methods: Two-hundred fifty-one SAH patients were admitted to our hospital from January 2008 to December 2017. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Neurosurgery, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Objective: Verapamil-a calcium-channel blocker-has shown promising results on cerebral vasospasm. However, it has not yet been accepted for the treatment or prevention purposes because of the associated side-effects. Although effective results of nimodipine and nicardipine's intrathecal administration are well-known, intrathecal verapamil has not been considered earlier. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Electronic address:

Background: The PulseRider (Pulsar Vascular, Inc, Los Gatos, CA) device was developed to treat wide-neck aneurysms and the Adjunctive Neurovascular Support of Wide-neck aneurysm Embolization and Reconstruction (ANSWER) Trial showed efficacy in the treatment of unruptured wide-neck aneurysms. Our case series demonstrates the use of the PulseRider device in the treatment of ruptured wide-neck aneurysms.

Case Description: The two patients in our series presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to ruptured basilar apex aneurysms. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Hospital and Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Background: The unilateral interhemispheric approach is a well-known operative technique for distal anterior cerebral artery (DACA) aneurysms. However, this approach presents several risks, such as postoperative venous infarction due to occasional sacrifice of the parasagittal bridging vein or postoperative frontal lobe damage due to retraction force. To overcome these risks, we used a bifrontal craniotomy with a straight dural incision and cutting of the superior sagittal sinus (SSS). Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R.China. Electronic address:

Objectives: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) reflects the balance between innate and adaptive inflammatory responses. This study intended to evaluate parameters associated with admission high NLR and its impact on clinical outcome in patients with primary intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH).

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed consecutive PIVH patients without a history of head trauma or parenchymal/subarachnoid hemorrhage on computed tomography scan between 2010 and 2016 in a single center. Read More

Neurosci Lett 2019 Apr 10;704:189-194. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Key Lab of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technology, Beijing, 100191, China. Electronic address:

Background: In this study, the protective effects of 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl lactic acid (DLA) on blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has been explored.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (weight 300-350 g) were used to establish the SAH model using the endovascular perforation method. The animals were randomly divided into four groups: sham (n = 40), SAH (n = 46), SAH + vehicle (n = 44), and SAH + DLA (n = 40) treatment groups. Read More

J Neurointerv Surg 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Cerebrovascular Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.

Introduction: The low-profile Neuroform Atlas stent received FDA Humanitarian Device Exemption status (HDE) in January 2018 for stent-assisted coil embolization of wide-necked saccular aneurysms. We review and report our results with the Atlas stent in our institution within the first year after its HDE approval.

Methods: Our retrospective chart review identified patients treated with the Atlas stent. Read More

J Neurointerv Surg 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Neurology, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.

Background: Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) has a multifactorial pathophysiology, with immune dysregulation being an important component. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an established prognostic marker in patients with cancer, cardiac disease, and sepsis.

Objective: To determine whether there is a relationship between NLR and DCI in patients with aSAH. Read More

J Neurosurg 2019 Apr 12:1-9. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

1Center for Neurosurgery and.

OBJECTIVECerebral infarction is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality related to microsurgical clipping of intracranial aneurysms. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of aneurysm shape and neck configuration on cerebral infarction after aneurysm surgery.METHODSThe authors retrospectively reviewed consecutive cases of ruptured and unruptured aneurysms treated with microsurgical clipping at their institution between 2010 and 2018. Read More

PLoS One 2019 12;14(4):e0215398. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Denmark.

Vascular pathophysiological changes after haemorrhagic stroke, such as phenotypic modulation of the cerebral arteries and cerebral vasospasms, are associated with delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and poor outcome. The only currently approved drug treatment shown to reduce the risk of DCI and improve neurologic outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is nimodipine, a dihydropyridine L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channel blocker. MEK1/2 mediated transcriptional upregulation of contractile receptors, including endothelin-1 (ET-1) receptors, has previously been shown to be a factor in the pathology of SAH. Read More

Curr Neurovasc Res 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, 301# Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072. China.

Background/aims: Cognitive impairment can occur after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) though it commonly tends to be neglected. RBC indices are associated with long-term functional outcomes, while it is unclear whether RBC indices could be a potential predictor of cognitive decline after aSAH. We aimed to investigate the association between RBC indices and post-aSAH cognitive impairment at 1 year. Read More

Acute Med Surg 2019 Apr 1;6(2):152-157. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Kansai Medical University Osaka Japan.

Aims: An angiographic examination is necessary for the diagnosis of takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC). However, in the intensive care unit (ICU), intensivists often see patients in whom TTC cannot be diagnosed because they cannot undertake angiography due to the patient's poor general condition. We defined such cases as clinical TTC (cTTC) and investigated the incidence and background of cTTC in the ICU at Kansai Medical University Hospital (Osaka, Japan). Read More

J Neurointerv Surg 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

NEURI, Hopital Bicetre, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France.

Background: Aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery (ACoA) are difficult to treat with coiling or clipping because of the anatomical variation in this region. Flow diversion represents a feasible treatment, but no consensus exists as to which stent deployment technique is more suitable.

Methods: All patients with ACoA aneurysms treated with flow diverters between April 2014 and November 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Read More

Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2019 May 11;180:111-116. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, Box 208042, Tompkins East 2, 333 Cedar St, New Haven, CT, 06520-8042, United States. Electronic address:

Objectives: Isolated perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage is an uncommon, distinct subtype of subarachnoid hemorrhage with a more benign prognosis. A negative computed tomographic angiogram has been shown to be reliable in excluding aneurysmal rupture as the underlying etiology. However, some studies continue advocating for more imaging to determine a vascular cause in perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Read More

Neurocrit Care 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati (UC) College of Medicine, and UC Gardner Neuroscience Institute, Cincinnati, OH, USA.

Background: Spreading depolarizations (SDs) occur in 50-60% of patients after surgical treatment of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and are independently associated with unfavorable outcomes. Here we performed a pilot study to examine the relationship between SDs and various types of intracranial lesions, progression of parenchymal damage, and outcomes.

Methods: In a multicenter study, fifty patients (76% male; median age 40) were monitored for SD by continuous electrocorticography (ECoG; median duration 79 h) following surgical treatment of severe TBI. Read More

Neurosurg Rev 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Hemorrhagic Brain Pathology Research Group, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.

Oral bacteria DNA has been found in intracranial aneurysms (IA) and a high prevalence of periodontitis was reported in IA patients. We investigated whether periodontitis associates with IA formation and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). First, we compared in a case-control setting the prevalence of periodontal disease in IA patients (42 unruptured IA, 34 ruptured IA) and in age- and gender-matched controls (n = 70) from the same geographical area (Health 2000 Survey, BRIF8901). Read More

Front Neurol 2019 27;10:293. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.

Disease-modifying therapies for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are still not satisfactory. The Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor fasudil has demonstrated beneficial effects in cell culture and animal models of ALS. For many years, fasudil has been approved in Japan for the treatment of vasospasm in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage with a favorable safety profile. Read More

Front Neurol 2019 26;10:246. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.

The neuropathology of traumatic brain injury (TB) is diverse, including primary injury to neurons, axons, glial cells, vascular structures, and secondary processes, such as edema and inflammation that vary between individual patients. Traumatic microvascular injury is an important endophenotype of TBI-related injury. We studied patients who sustained a TBI requiring ER evaluation and had an MRI performed within 48 h of injury. Read More

Nat Commun 2019 04 10;10(1):1667. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 22184, Lund, Sweden.

Neutrophils are crucial mediators of host defense that are recruited to the central nervous system (CNS) in large numbers during acute bacterial meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) during infections to trap and kill bacteria. Intact NETs are fibrous structures composed of decondensed DNA and neutrophil-derived antimicrobial proteins. Read More

Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2019 Mar;44(3):338-344

Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.

The subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) caused by ruptured intracranial aneurysms (IAs) is always a lethality. Increasing evidence suggests a familiar aggregation of IA occurrence, which may relate to genetics and there might be an increasing number of IAs in IA families when mutation of disease genes is aggregating. With the progress in the study of familiar intracranial aneurysms (FIAs), a large number of chromosome fragments are found to be related with IAs, such as 1p36, 5q31, 7q11, 14q22, 17cen, 19q13, Xp22. Read More

J Am Heart Assoc 2019 Apr;8(8):e011699

1 The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery McGovern Medical School The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston TX.

Background Because of the failure of numerous clinical trials, various recommendations have been made to improve the usefulness of preclinical studies. Specifically, the STAIR (Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable) recommendations highlighted functional outcome as a critical measure. Recent reviews of experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage ( SAH ) studies have brought to light the numerous neurobehavioral scoring systems that are used in preclinical SAH studies. Read More

Neural Regen Res 2019 Aug;14(8):1364-1366

Division of Cerebrovascular and Skull Base Neurosurgery, Institute of Neurosurgery Dr Asenjo, Santiago, Chile.

Clipping and coiling are currently the two alternatives in treatment of ruptured cerebral aneurysms. In spite of some meritorious analysis, further discussion is helpful to understand the actual state of art. Retreatment and rebleeding rates clearly favors clipping, although short-term functional outcome seems to be beneficial for clipping, while this different is not such if we perform the comparison at a longer follow up. Read More

Neural Regen Res 2019 Aug;14(8):1309-1312

Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.

Erythropoietin (EPO) is one of the most successful biopharmaceuticals in history and is used for treating anemia of different origins. However, it became clear that EPO could also work in a neuroprotective, antiapoptotic, antioxidative, angiogenetic and neurotropic way. It causes stimulation of cells to delay cell apoptosis, especially in the central nervous system. Read More