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BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021 May 2;21(1):347. Epub 2021 May 2.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, 100034, Beijing, P.R. China.

Background: Struma ovarii is a special type of ovarian dermoid cyst and accounts for approximately 2-3 % of all dermoid tumours. Benign struma ovarii may manifest as distant metastasis, called peritoneal strumosis, which makes it biologically similar to malignancy, and has been reported in limited cases but never discovered during pregnancy.

Case Presentation: We report a patient with a history of right struma ovarii cystectomy. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Apr 15;14(4). Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA

We report a case of 34-year-old clinically asymptomatic woman who had been followed for 6 years for hyperthyroidism with thyroid stimulating hormone <0.006 uIU/mL, free T4 1.98 ng/mL, free T3 5. Read More

BMC Cancer 2021 Apr 9;21(1):383. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

Background: Malignant struma ovarii (MSO) is a unique type of ovarian malignancy that data on the survival outcome is limited and management strategy remains controversial due to its extreme rarity.

Methods: To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment options in patients with MSO confined to the ovary, while also evaluating the recurrent-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) rate in this population, a retrospective study was conducted. One hundred twenty-five cases of MSO confined to the ovary were enrolled and their clinical characteristics, treatment strategies, and results of follow-up were analyzed. Read More

Case Rep Surg 2021 22;2021:8868095. Epub 2021 Mar 22.

417 NIMTS, Veteran Hospital, Athens, Greece.

Struma ovarii are rare ovarian tumors, of monodermal germ cell origin, containing predominantly thyroid tissue. They are typically benign unilateral pelvic masses. Among the rare cases of malignancy, the most common histological type is that of the papillary carcinoma. Read More

Front Oncol 2021 5;11:645156. Epub 2021 Mar 5.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, China.

The objective of this study is to summarize the clinical and pathologic characteristics of malignant struma ovarii to facilitate the early diagnosis and treatment of this disease. All 144 patients were females from 27 countries. The mean age of the patients at diagnosis was 42. Read More

J Surg Case Rep 2021 Mar 8;2021(3):rjab028. Epub 2021 Mar 8.

Gynecology and Obstetrics, Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, 3504-509 Viseu, Portugal.

Struma ovarii is an uncommon ovarian tumour, defined by the finding of thyroid tissue in the ovary, and more frequently found in teratomas. Symptoms of struma ovarii are nonspecific. The definite diagnosis is made by histological examination. Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2021 Mar 5;2021. Epub 2021 Mar 5.

Department of Internal Medicine IVUniversity Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.

Summary: Struma ovarii is a teratoma of the ovaries predominantly composed of thyroid tissue. Hyperthyroidism associated with struma ovarii is rare, occurring in approximately 8% of cases. Due to the rarity of struma ovarii, available data are limited to case reports and small case series. Read More

Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021 04 29;303(4):863-870. Epub 2021 Jan 29.

Department of Gynaecology Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Churchill Hospital, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK.

Purpose: Struma ovarii is rare, accounting for 0.3-1% of ovarian tumours. Malignant transformation may occur, most often into papillary thyroid carcinoma. Read More

Pathologica 2020 Dec;112(4):224-228

University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis Faculty of Medicine, Tunisia.

Struma ovarii is a monodermal variant of ovarian teratoma. Thyroid-type carcinoma arising in struma ovarii is rare. The most common type is papillary carcinoma, followed by typical follicular carcinoma. Read More

J Surg Case Rep 2020 Dec 7;2020(12):rjaa493. Epub 2020 Dec 7.

Department of Surgical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Regional Oncology Center, Oujda, Morocco.

Struma ovarii is an extremely rare type of ovarian teratoma distinguished by the unusual presence of thyroid tissue. It is usually a benign condition; however, malignant transformation is sometimes detected. The diagnosis relies on histopathological examination and is infrequently made on routine investigations. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2021 Jan;46(1):52-54

From the Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology.

Malignant struma ovarii (MSO) is a rare malignant ovarian tumor, histologically identical to differentiated thyroid cancers. Given the rarity of this disease, there are no treatment guidelines, and the place of imaging for response assessment remains controversial. We report a metabolic response assessed by F-FDG PET/CT in a 71-year-old woman with radioiodine-refractory metastatic MSO treated by targeted therapies (first line with lenvatinib and second line with pazopanib). Read More

Front Oncol 2020 29;10:584917. Epub 2020 Sep 29.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Metastatic malignant struma ovarii (MSO) is an extremely rare disease that lacks treatment consensus and accurate prognosis. The objective of this study was to present the clinical, pathological, and treatment characteristics of metastatic MSO, while also investigate the overall survival (OS) rate and factors affecting prognosis in this population. A total of 79 cases of metastatic MSO were reviewed, including four cases of metastatic MSO from our hospital and 75 cases selected from the literature. Read More

Endocrine 2020 Dec;70(3):661

Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Turin, via Santena 7, 10126, Turin, Italy.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. Read More

Mod Pathol 2021 02 1;34(2):502-507. Epub 2020 Sep 1.

Department of Pathology, Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital, Aomori, Japan.

Mature ovarian teratoma is considered to be a parthenogenetic tumor that arises from a single oocyte/ovum. Conversely, complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) is androgenetic in origin: classic CHM arises from a single or two sperm. Since mature ovarian teratoma and CHM have only maternal and paternal genomes, respectively, their genome imprinting is theoretically reverse, but this has yet to be investigated. Read More

Ann Diagn Pathol 2020 Oct 15;48:151584. Epub 2020 Aug 15.

Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. Electronic address:

The presence of thyroid tissue outside of the thyroid gland may occur in various clinical settings and anatomic locations and includes both benign and malignant differential diagnoses. Some of these entities include thyroglossal duct cyst, lingual thyroid, parasitic nodule, thyroid tissue within a lymph node and struma ovarii. In routine daily practice, these entities do pose diagnostic challenges for the pathologists. Read More

Endocrine 2021 Jan 2;71(1):216-224. Epub 2020 Aug 2.

Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Turin, via Santena 7, 10126, Turin, Italy.

Purpose: Struma ovarii (SO) is a highly specialized ovarian teratoma, consisting of thyroid tissue. Rarely, carcinomas histologically identical to their thyroid counterparts may occur, and are comprehensively defined as malignant struma ovarii (MSO). Their optimal management is controversial, and the molecular profile of the malignant counterpart in the ovary is incompletely known. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol 2021 Jan 9;41(1):152-154. Epub 2020 Jun 9.

Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Perking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.

Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol 2020 11 26;48(11):837-839. Epub 2020 May 26.

Faculté de médecine Paris Descartes, université de Paris, Paris, France; AP-HP, Centre, hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, chirurgie cancérologique gynécologique et du sein, Paris, France; Inserm UMR-S 1147, université de Paris, centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, Paris, France.

Cureus 2020 Apr 7;12(4):e7582. Epub 2020 Apr 7.

Pathology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, USA.

Struma ovarii is a variant of a germ cell tumor composed predominantly of thyroid tissue. It is most often unilateral. The incidence of malignancy arising in patients with struma ovarii is rare. Read More

Ecancermedicalscience 2020 4;14:1009. Epub 2020 Feb 4.

Department of Gynecologic Oncology, New York Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.

Background: Malignant transformation of mature cystic teratomas (MCTs) is a rare phenomenon. The most common histology of a malignant transformation is squamous cell carcinoma, and there are limited reports of multiple malignancies arising in a single MCT. Further data are necessary to guide management of these atypical cases. Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2020 Mar 13;2020. Epub 2020 Mar 13.

Department of Endocrinology, Croydon University Hospital, London, UK.

Summary: A 33-year-old female presented with a right 11.6 cm ovarian cyst. Routine pre-operative thyroid function tests showed thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) of less than 0. Read More

Endocr Pathol 2020 Jun;31(2):101-107

Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr, 55, 45147, Essen, Germany.

Strumal carcinoid is an extraordinary rare tumor of the ovary consisting of thyroid tissue intermixed with neuroendocrine tumor component. The cellular origin of strumal carcinoids has been an area of debate. There is also little data on detailed immunohistochemical and molecular characteristics of these neoplasms. Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2020 Feb 14;2020. Epub 2020 Feb 14.

Cancer Genetics, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Summary: Struma ovarii is a rare, usually benign ovarian tumour with malignancy occurring in <5% of cases. Metastases, particularly seeding to bone, are extremely rare. Presentation is variable but often features local pain and/or ascites and hyperthyroidism may occur. Read More

Gynecol Endocrinol 2020 Aug 11;36(8):749-752. Epub 2020 Feb 11.

Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Faculty of Medicine, Tbilisi, Georgia.

Struma Ovarii is one of the types of mature teratoma, with predominant thyroid tissue (>50%). It occurs in 1% of all cases of ovarian tumors and in 2.7% of dermoid tumors. Read More

Cureus 2019 Dec 23;11(12):e6450. Epub 2019 Dec 23.

Internal Medicine, Sahiwal Medical College, Sahiwal, PAK.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) arising in a coexistent struma ovarii (SO) is a rare malignancy. It manifests with abdominal symptoms such as palpable mass, pain, distension, and possibly ascites. It is usually diagnosed postoperatively, and its histopathological diagnostic criteria remain identical to that of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland. Read More

Diagnostics (Basel) 2020 Jan 15;10(1). Epub 2020 Jan 15.

Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, IX Wieków Kielc Av.19, 25-319 Kielce, Poland.

Introduction: Struma ovarii accounts for 2% of mature teratomas. Struma ovarii is diagnosed when thyroid tissue accounts for >50% of the teratoma. Malignant transformation is rare, occurring in <5% of struma ovarii cases. Read More

Cytogenet Genome Res 2020 20;160(1):2-10. Epub 2019 Dec 20.

Strumae ovarii are neoplasms composed of normal-appearing thyroid tissue that occur within the ovary and rarely spread to extraovarian sites. A unique case of struma ovarii with widespread dissemination detected 48 years after removal of a pelvic dermoid provided the opportunity to reexamine the molecular nature of this form of neoplasm. One tumor, from the heart, consisting of benign thyroid tissue was found to have whole-genome homozygosity. Read More

Diagn Cytopathol 2020 Apr 2;48(4):360-363. Epub 2019 Dec 2.

Department of pathology, Pennsylvania Hospital, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Highly differentiated follicular carcinoma of ovary (HDFCO) is a rare entity known to arise in struma ovarii. Clinical presentation and radiological features mimic other cystic ovarian neoplasm. Thus, intraoperative diagnosis of this entity can be challenging. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Nov;98(48):e18009

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics.

Rationale: Strumal carcinoid tumor of the ovary (SCTO) is a very rare kind of ovarian tumor. The symptoms of SCTO are often nonspecific and misleading. Therefore, a full understanding of the characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment methods of SCTO is important. Read More