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BMJ Case Rep 2022 May 17;15(5). Epub 2022 May 17.

Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Gynaecological Oncology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore.

Struma ovarii (SO) is an uncommon monodermal teratoma predominantly composed of mature thyroid tissue. Approximately 5% of SO are malignant; however, metastases are rare. A single female in her 40s, with a medical history of Graves' disease and bilateral cystectomy 10 years prior for right endometriotic cyst and left SO, presented with an enlarging abdominal mass for 4 months. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022 21;13:871210. Epub 2022 Apr 21.

Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Medical Oncology, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.

Background: Ovarian strumal carcinoid is a rare tumor in which thyroid (struma) and carcinoid components coexist. The disease is generally considered to be a borderline malignancy, however, cases with metastatic disease have been described. No data in the literature are available to guide diagnosis and therapy. Read More

Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2022 May 3:1-7. Epub 2022 May 3.

Oncology Institute, Technion Faculty of Medicine, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.

Metastatic malignant struma ovarii (MMSO) is a very rare disease (in the United States, less than one case in 10 million females annually). However, this incidence rate is due to a paucity of data regarding diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. Herein, we describe the case of a 14-year-old female who presented with MMSO, which later metastasized and was followed up on for over 10 years. Read More

Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2022 Apr-Jun;65(2):369-373

Department of Pathology, Anyang Tumor Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Anyang, Henan, China.

Purpose: To investigate the clinicopathological features of mature teratoma with malignant transformation.

Methods: Retrospectively analysis of 1179 cases mature teratoma was done from August 1999 to December 2019 in Institution. 14 cases of mature teratoma with malignant transformation were discussed mainly for the pathological characteristics and clinical manifestations. Read More

World J Clin Cases 2022 Mar;10(9):2961-2968

Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China.

Background: Struma ovarii is a rare specific ovarian tumor. It is a highly differentiated monodermal teratoma with a malignant transformation rate as low as 5%. Thus, malignant transformation and metastasis are extremely rare. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2022 May 22;17(5):1705-1708. Epub 2022 Mar 22.

Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Dr Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.

Struma ovarii is categorised as a monodermal type of mature teratoma and consists primarily of thyroid tissue. It is an uncommon ovarian tumor, with non-specific clinical, and imaging findings. The majority of struma ovarii are benign and are typically associated with mature cystic teratomas. Read More

Front Med (Lausanne) 2021 23;8:774691. Epub 2021 Dec 23.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China.

Malignant struma ovarii (MSO) is an extremely rare ovarian malignant tumor and there is limited data on the survival outcomes and prognostic predictors of MSO. The objectives of this study were to investigate the disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and disease-specific survival (DSS) rates of patients with MSO, and also evaluate the prognostic factors in this population. A retrospective study was conducted and 194 cases of MSO were selected. Read More

Eur Thyroid J 2021 Nov 27;10(6):523-527. Epub 2021 Jan 27.

Endocrinology Department, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.

Introduction: Struma ovarii (SO) is a rare ovarian teratoma characterized by the presence of thyroid tissue in more than 50% of the tumor. Malignant transformation is rare and the most common associated malignancy is papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Pregnancy may represent a stimulus to differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) growth in patients with known structural or biochemical evidence of disease, but data about malignant SO evolution during pregnancy are rare. Read More

Clin Imaging 2022 Mar 14;83:28-32. Epub 2021 Dec 14.

Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, United States of America.

While mature cystic teratomas are relatively common ovarian neoplasms typically comprising of multiple embryologic cell types, a specific monodermal subtype involving thyroid tissue, struma ovarii, can rarely be seen. This case reviews typical imaging characteristics with MRI and ultrasound of struma ovarii and details possible complications from these masses with intraoperative and histologic correlation. Read More

Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021 Nov 2;71:103018. Epub 2021 Nov 2.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School of Jeju National University, Jeju National University Hospital, Aran 13gil 15(Ara-1Dong), Jeju City, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63241, South Korea.

Introduction: Struma ovarii (SO) is a rare ovarian mature teratoma which is composed of 50% or more thyroid tissues. Malignant transformation is reported to occur in less than 5% of all cases, and it leads to 5-6% metastatic disease. The most common type is a papillary carcinoma. Read More

Case Rep Womens Health 2021 Oct 21;32:e00366. Epub 2021 Oct 21.

Taranaki Pathology Services, PO Box 3300, Fitzroy, New Plymouth 4312, New Zealand.

This is the first report of well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma (WDPM) found concurrently with struma ovarii. These rare tumors have no know association, and are considered benign, though malignant transformation of WDPM has been described. After treatment of WDPM, follow-up surveillance has been suggested in the literature, though a method has not been described and an evidence base is lacking. Read More

Cureus 2021 Sep 26;13(9):e18292. Epub 2021 Sep 26.

Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, IRL.

Struma ovarii is a rare dermoid tumor that consists of more than 50% thyroid tissue. The incidence of struma ovarii is reported to be 1% of all ovarian tumors and 2-5% of all ovarian teratomas. The authors present a case of struma ovarii diagnosed during the first trimester of pregnancy in a primigravida patient and discuss the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management options for such rare tumors, both in and outside of pregnancy. Read More

In Vivo 2021 Nov-Dec;35(6):3591-3596

Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Krankenhaus Barmherzige Brüder, Regensburg, Germany.

Background/aim: Malignant struma ovarii is an extremely rare tumor entity among ovarian tumors. In the presence of ascites and peritoneal metastases, the preoperative appearance may resemble the most common epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) and accordingly, the surgical therapy may be identical if a preoperative histology diagnosis is not possible. The objective of this case report is to present a patient with histopathologically confirmed malignant struma ovarii who underwent cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS and HIPEC) with the aim of complete tumor resection. Read More

Endocr Connect 2021 Oct 25;10(11):R279-R292. Epub 2021 Oct 25.

Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Rheumatology, Institute of Pediatrics, Karol Jonscher's Clinical Hospital, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.

The term 'hyperthyroidism' refers to a form of thyrotoxicosis due to inappropriate high synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormone(s) by the thyroid. The leading cause of hyperthyroidism in adolescents is Graves' disease (GD); however, one should also consider other potential causes, such as toxic nodular goitre (single or multinodular), and other rare disorders leading to excessive production and release of thyroid hormones. The term 'thyrotoxicosis' refers to a clinical state resulting from inappropriate high thyroid hormone action in tissues, generally due to inappropriate high tissue thyroid hormone levels. Read More

Cureus 2021 Aug 22;13(8):e17360. Epub 2021 Aug 22.

Radiology, Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, GBR.

Struma ovarii is a very rare tumour of the ovary, which is usually benign. It is a solid cystic swelling of the ovary, which is characterised by the presence of histologically detectable thyroid tissue. Confirmatory diagnosis is usually on histopathology after resection of the tumour. Read More

AACE Clin Case Rep 2021 Sep-Oct;7(5):320-322. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.

Objective: Malignant struma ovarii diagnosis is challenging due to its benign histologic appearance and rarity. We present a case of struma ovarii determined malignant after pulmonary metastases were incidentally discovered.

Methods: A 29-year-old female with a history of benign struma ovarii presented to the emergency room with right lower abdominal pain. Read More

Cureus 2021 Aug 5;13(8):e16903. Epub 2021 Aug 5.

Pathology, University of Florida College of Medicine - Jacksonville, Jacksonville, USA.

Mature cystic teratoma (MCT) is a common benign ovarian germ cell tumor. It is more predominantly seen in premenopausal women and contains at least two or more well-differentiated germ cell layers. It is termed a dermoid cyst if the ectodermal tissue is the predominant component. Read More

J Int Med Res 2021 Aug;49(8):3000605211034666

Department of Peritoneal Cancer Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of patients with primary ovarian carcinoid tumours arising in mature cystic teratomas.

Methods: This retrospective case series analysed the data from patients with primary ovarian carcinoid tumours arising in mature cystic teratomas.

Results: The study enrolled four patients. Read More

Gynecol Endocrinol 2021 Dec 13;37(12):1143-1150. Epub 2021 Aug 13.

Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.

Background: Hyperthyroidism is a state characterized by elevated serum level of thyroid hormones: thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). This is mainly related to the condition and functioning of the thyroid gland. In 60-80% of cases elevation of these hormones are caused by Grave's disease. Read More

AACE Clin Case Rep 2021 Jul-Aug;7(4):243-246. Epub 2021 Jan 6.

Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Novena, Singapore.

Objective: Malignant struma ovarii (SO) is a rare condition. Although there have been a few reported cases of malignant SO with coexisting Graves' disease (GD), the exact incidence of metastasis in these cases is not known. We report a rare case of metastatic malignant SO coexisting with GD. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2021 Sep 4;47(9):3339-3351. Epub 2021 Jul 4.

Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Ankara City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.

Aim: To evaluate the clinico-pathologic features, treatment options, prognostic factors, and survival outcomes of malignant struma ovarii based on a systematic literature review in association with our case study.

Methods: A systematic review of the medical literature was performed to identify articles about malignant struma ovarii from January 1983 until July 2020. We evaluated 178 cases. Read More

Acta Clin Belg 2021 Jun 30:1-5. Epub 2021 Jun 30.

Department of Endocrinology, AZ Maria Middelares, Ghent, Belgium.

Objectives: To present a case of metastatic struma ovarii, to review the literature on malignant struma ovarii and to discuss the management in locoregional and metastatic disease.

Methods: We present a case of an 82-year-old patient with a malignant struma ovarii and liver metastasis. The patient was treated with pelvic surgery, total thyroidectomy, radioactive iodine therapy and TSH suppression therapy with levothyroxine. Read More

Gynecol Endocrinol 2021 Oct 28;37(10):955-958. Epub 2021 Jun 28.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Ren-Ai branch, Taipei, Taiwan.

Aim: Mature cystic teratoma is the most common kind of ovarian germ tumor. However, malignant transformation is uncommon, differentiated thyroid carcinoma is even rare. Hyperthyroidism due to coexistence of Graves' disease (GD) and struma ovarii has been reported. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Jun 14;14(6). Epub 2021 Jun 14.

Monter Cancer Center, Medical Oncology and Hematology, Northwell Health, Lake Success, New York, USA

Struma ovarii (SO) is a rare ovarian teratoma containing abundant mature thyroid tissue. Malignant transformation is even less common and distant metastasis is documented in about 5%-10%. The time from diagnosis of primary SO to metastatic disease varies. Read More

Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol (Engl Ed) 2021 May 31. Epub 2021 May 31.

Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Meixoeiro (Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo), Vigo, Pontevedra, España.

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021 May 2;21(1):347. Epub 2021 May 2.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, 100034, Beijing, P.R. China.

Background: Struma ovarii is a special type of ovarian dermoid cyst and accounts for approximately 2-3 % of all dermoid tumours. Benign struma ovarii may manifest as distant metastasis, called peritoneal strumosis, which makes it biologically similar to malignancy, and has been reported in limited cases but never discovered during pregnancy.

Case Presentation: We report a patient with a history of right struma ovarii cystectomy. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Apr 15;14(4). Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA

We report a case of 34-year-old clinically asymptomatic woman who had been followed for 6 years for hyperthyroidism with thyroid stimulating hormone <0.006 uIU/mL, free T4 1.98 ng/mL, free T3 5. Read More

BMC Cancer 2021 Apr 9;21(1):383. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

Background: Malignant struma ovarii (MSO) is a unique type of ovarian malignancy that data on the survival outcome is limited and management strategy remains controversial due to its extreme rarity.

Methods: To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment options in patients with MSO confined to the ovary, while also evaluating the recurrent-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) rate in this population, a retrospective study was conducted. One hundred twenty-five cases of MSO confined to the ovary were enrolled and their clinical characteristics, treatment strategies, and results of follow-up were analyzed. Read More

Case Rep Surg 2021 22;2021:8868095. Epub 2021 Mar 22.

417 NIMTS, Veteran Hospital, Athens, Greece.

Struma ovarii are rare ovarian tumors, of monodermal germ cell origin, containing predominantly thyroid tissue. They are typically benign unilateral pelvic masses. Among the rare cases of malignancy, the most common histological type is that of the papillary carcinoma. Read More

Front Oncol 2021 5;11:645156. Epub 2021 Mar 5.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, China.

The objective of this study is to summarize the clinical and pathologic characteristics of malignant struma ovarii to facilitate the early diagnosis and treatment of this disease. All 144 patients were females from 27 countries. The mean age of the patients at diagnosis was 42. Read More