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BMC Neurol 2022 May 14;22(1):177. Epub 2022 May 14.

Department of Neurology, MC2030, The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.

Background: Recent trials of acute secondary prevention in patients with minor ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) have demonstrated high rates of early recurrence within days of the initial event. Identifying clinical features associated with early recurrence may guide focused management.

Methods: Using logistic regression applied to the data of the Platelet Oriented Inhibition in New TIA and Minor Ischemic Stroke (POINT) trial, we evaluated what baseline clinical factors predict outcome events occurring within 7 days of randomization. Read More

Ann Vasc Surg 2022 May 11. Epub 2022 May 11.

Department of Cardiovascular Radiology & Endovascular Interventions, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India. Electronic address:

Background: Development of vaccines with high efficacy against Covid-19 disease has ushered a new ray of hope in the fight against the pandemic. Thromboembolic events have been reported after administration of vaccines. We aim to systematically review thromboembolic events reported after Covid-19 vaccination. Read More

Trends Cardiovasc Med 2022 May 11. Epub 2022 May 11.

Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address:

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022 May 11;31(8):106548. Epub 2022 May 11.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Neurosciences Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA, 704.804.9861. Electronic address:

Introduction: Patients presenting with large ischemic core volumes (LICVs) on computed tomography perfusion (CTP) are at high risk for poor functional outcomes. We sought to identify predictors of outcome in patients with an internal carotid artery (ICA) or middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion and LICV.

Methods: A large healthcare system's prospectively collected code stroke registry was utilized for this retrospective analysis of patients presenting within 6 hours with at least 50 ml of CTP reduced relative cerebral blood flow (CBF) < 30%. Read More

Auton Neurosci 2022 May 6;241:102986. Epub 2022 May 6.

Cardiovascular Autonomic Function Lab, Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Lisbon, Portugal. Electronic address:

Background And Purpose: Autonomic dysfunction is associated with worse outcome of ischemic stroke patients by mechanisms that are not fully understood. There is evidence of autonomic influence in cerebrovascular control but this has not been studied in acute stroke. Therefore, we examined the relationship between heart rate variability (HRV) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in dynamic cerebral autoregulation in the early hours post ischemia, and its impact in clinical and radiological outcome. Read More

J Neuroimaging 2022 May 14. Epub 2022 May 14.

Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion is standard of care. Evidence-based guidelines on eligibility for MT have been outlined and evidence to extend the treatment benefit to more patients, particularly those at the extreme ends of a stroke clinical severity spectrum, is currently awaited. As patient selection continues to be explored, there is growing focus on procedure selection including the tools and techniques of thrombectomy and associated outcomes. Read More

J Clin Med 2022 May 9;11(9). Epub 2022 May 9.

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zielona Góra, 65-001 Zielona Góra, Poland.

Background: Inflammation and high blood pressure (nondipping profile) during the rest/sleep period have been associated with an effect on the incidence of cardiovascular disorders and a more severe course in the ischemic cerebrovascular event. There are no available data on the relationship between dipping status and the pro-inflammatory metabolites of arachidonic acid (AA); therefore, we undertook a study to investigate the influence of thromboxane on the incidence of nondipping among patients after stroke.

Methods: Sixty-two patients with ischemic stroke (including 34 women and 28 men) were tested for the involvement of thromboxane in the nondipping phenomenon. Read More

J Clin Med 2022 May 8;11(9). Epub 2022 May 8.

Department of Cardiology, Heart and Brain Institute, Chung-Ang University Gwang-Myeong Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Gwangmyeong-si 14353, Korea.

Although lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels following acute myocardial infarction (MI) is the cornerstone of secondary prevention, the attainment of recommended LDL-C goals remains suboptimal in real-world practice. We sought to investigate recurrent adverse events in post-MI patients. From the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction-National Institutes of Health registry, a total of 5049 patients with both measurements of plasma LDL-C levels at index admission and at the one-year follow-up visit were identified. Read More

J Clin Med 2022 May 7;11(9). Epub 2022 May 7.

Calgary Stroke Program, Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.

There is now considerable evidence that Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) carries important sequelae beyond the risk of recurrent stroke, particularly with respect to peri-event and post-event cognitive dysfunction and subsequent cognitive decline. The occurrence of a TIA could provide an important window in understanding the relationship of early mixed vascular-neurodegenerative cognitive decline, and by virtue of their clinical relevance as a "warning" event, TIAs could also furnish the opportunity to act preventatively not only for stroke prevention but also for dementia prevention. In this review, we discuss the current state of the literature regarding the cognitive sequelae associated with TIA, reviewing important challenges in the field. Read More

J Clin Med 2022 May 7;11(9). Epub 2022 May 7.

Sf. Spiridon Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania.

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is a rare autosomal dominant vascular disease defined by the presence of mucosal and cutaneous telangiectasia and visceral arterio-venous malformations. The latter are abnormal capillary-free direct communications between the pulmonary and systemic circulations with the following consequences: arterial hypoxemia caused by right-to-left shunts; paradoxical embolism with transient ischemic attack or stroke and brain abscess caused by the absence of the normally filtering capillary bed; and hemoptysis or hemothorax due to the rupture of the thin-walled arterio-venous malformations (particularly during pregnancy). It is frequently underdiagnosed, commonly presenting as complications from shunting through arterio-venous malformations: dyspnea, chronic bleeding, or embolism. Read More

J Clin Med 2022 May 2;11(9). Epub 2022 May 2.

Cardiocenter, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 34 Prague, Czech Republic.

Background: Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is known to be associated with poor prognosis after cardiovascular events. We aimed to assess the dynamic changes in TRAIL levels and the relation of TRAIL level to stroke severity, its impact on the short-term outcomes, and its association with markers of cardiac injury in patients after acute stroke.

Methods: Between August 2020 and August 2021, 120 consecutive patients, 104 after acute ischemic stroke (AIS), 76 receiving reperfusion therapy, and 16 patients after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) were enrolled in our study. Read More

J Clin Med 2022 Apr 23;11(9). Epub 2022 Apr 23.

Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.

The hypoperfusion intensity ratio (HIR) is associated with collateral status and reflects the impaired microperfusion of brain tissue in patients with acute ischemic stroke and large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO). As a deterioration in cerebral blood flow is associated with brain edema, we aimed to investigate whether HIR is correlated with the early edema progression rate (EPR) determined by the ischemic net water uptake (NWU) in a multicenter retrospective analysis of AIS-LVO patients anticipated for thrombectomy treatment. HIR was automatically calculated as the ratio of time-to-maximum (TMax) > 10 s/(TMax) > 6 s. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2022 Apr 27;23(9). Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1600 N.W. 10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA.

The channel protein Panx-1 is involved in some pathologies, such as epilepsy, ischemic stroke, cancer and Parkinson's disease, as well as in neuropathic pain. These observations make Panx-1 an interesting biological target. We previously published some potent indole derivatives as Panx-1 blockers, and as continuation of the research in this field we report here the studies on additional chemical scaffolds, naphthalene and pyrazole, appropriately substituted with those functions that gave the best results as in our indole series (sulphonamide functions and one/two carboxylic groups) and in Panx-1 blockers reported in the literature (sulphonic acid). Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2022 Apr 23;23(9). Epub 2022 Apr 23.

Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City 10200, Mexico.

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is among the main causes of mortality worldwide. A rapid and opportune diagnosis is crucial to improve a patient's outcomes; despite the current advanced image technologies for diagnosis, their implementation is challenging. MicroRNAs have been recognized as useful as biomarkers since they are specific and stable for characterization of AIS. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2022 Apr 20;23(9). Epub 2022 Apr 20.

Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan.

Increasing evidence has shown P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy is a feasible alternative treatment for patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation in the modern era. However, patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have a higher risk of ischemic events and more complex coronary artery disease. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this novel approach among patients with DM and those without DM. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2022 Apr 20;23(9). Epub 2022 Apr 20.

Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.

Background: Increased inflammation activates blood coagulation system, higher platelet activation plays a key role in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke (IS). During platelet activation and aggregation process, platelets may cause increased release of several proinflammatory, and prothrombotic mediators, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and extracellular vesicles (EVs). In the current study we aimed to assess circulating miRNAs profile related to platelet function and inflammation and circulating EVs from platelets, leukocytes, and endothelial cells to analyse their diagnostic and predictive utility in patients with acute IS. Read More

Spine Deform 2022 May 14. Epub 2022 May 14.

Spinal Unit, Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology Department, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Av. de Menéndez Pelayo, 65, 28009 JCR, Madrid, Spain.

Purpose: To present a rare case of a cerebral ischemic lesion of unknown etiology in a pediatric patient following idiopathic scoliosis surgery and to review the current literature regarding this complication in children.

Methods: A 12-year-old female with early-onset scoliosis underwent surgery to correct a 65.6º scoliosis after a normal preoperative study. Read More

Am J Cardiol 2022 May 10. Epub 2022 May 10.

University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine/Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, Florida.

Recently, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has been performed in patients with combined aortic stenosis (AS) and aortic regurgitation. We sought to evaluate in-hospital outcomes and readmission rates after TAVI in patients with mixed aortic valve disease (MAVD). A total of 100,573 TAVI procedures were identified between 2011 and 2017 using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision and International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision procedure codes the from Nationwide Readmissions Database. Read More

J Affect Disord 2022 May 10. Epub 2022 May 10.

Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China. Electronic address:

Background: Serum Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1) levels are associated with poor ischemic stroke prognosis, although their impact on poststroke depression (PSD) remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between serum Dkk-1 levels and PSD.

Methods: Serum Dkk-1 levels were measured in 564 patients with ischemic stroke who participated in the China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke (CATIS). Read More

J Neurosurg 2022 May 13:1-6. Epub 2022 May 13.

2Department of Neurosurgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, New York.

Objective: Carotid stenosis is currently treated by carotid endarterectomy (CEA), carotid artery stenting (CAS), or transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR). This study sought to add to the literature by providing real-world data comparing the safety and effectiveness associated with the performance of these carotid revascularization techniques by dual-trained neurosurgeons.

Methods: The authors performed a retrospective review of carotid stenosis databases at two US centers. Read More

Neuroimage Clin 2022 May 7;34:103035. Epub 2022 May 7.

Department of Child Neurology, Paediatric Neuroimaging, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.

Introduction: Neonatal arterial ischemic stroke (NAIS) has been shown to affect white matter (WM) microstructure beyond the lesion. Here, we employed fixel-based analysis, a technique which allows to model and interpret WM alterations in complex arrangements such as crossing fibers, to further characterize the long-term effects of NAIS on the entire WM outside the primary infarct area.

Materials And Methods: 32 children (mean age 7. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2022 May 10;151:113059. Epub 2022 May 10.

School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100026, China. Electronic address:

Background: Stroke could cause long-term disability, even mortality around the world. Recently, Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS), identified from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and was found to have unique efficiency in clinical practice as a potential therapeutic agent for ischemic cerebral infarction. However, systematic investigation about the biological mechanism is still lacking. Read More

Curr Opin Chem Biol 2022 May 10;69:102152. Epub 2022 May 10.

The Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Elemental Health Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. Electronic address:

Faster, more sensitive, and higher resolution quantitative instrumentation are aiding a deeper understanding of how inorganic chemistry regulates key biological processes. Researchers can now image and quantify metals with subcellular resolution, leading to a vast array of new discoveries in organismal development, pathology, and disease. Metals have recently been implicated in several diseases such as Parkinson's, Alzheimers, ischemic stroke, and colorectal cancer that would not be possible without these advancements. Read More

Am J Hypertens 2022 May 13. Epub 2022 May 13.

Department of Family Medicine, University of California, San Diego.

Hypertension (HTN) is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including ischemic heart disease, stroke, heart failure and atrial fibrillation. The prevalence of HTN, as well as mortality rates attributable to HTN, continue to increase, particularly in the United States and among Black populations. The risk of HTN involves a complex interaction of genetics and modifiable risk factors, including dietary patterns. Read More

FASEB J 2022 May;36 Suppl 1

Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) and their signaling pathways play an important role in mediating vascular health and function. Upon ligand activation, S1PRs 1-5 couple with diverse heterotrimeric G-protein subunits (Gαi, Gαq/11, Gα12/13) initiating multimodal downstream signaling pathways which result in various physiological outcomes in the vasculature, including cell proliferation and migration, barrier integrity preservation or loss, contraction, and inflammation. Specifically, S1PR2 activation has been linked to endothelial activation, barrier integrity loss, and inflammation, whereas S1PR1 activation contributes to barrier integrity preservation, vasodilation, and anti-inflammatory properties. Read More

FASEB J 2022 May;36 Suppl 1

Internal Medicine, Vardhaman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung, Hospital, New Delhi.

Introduction: Hypertension is a leading identifiable and reversible risk factor for myocardial infarction, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, aortic dissection, peripheral arterial disease, stroke, kidney failure, etc with thrombus being the culprit lesion. South Asian ethnicity predisposes to higher mortality and morbidity from cardiovascular disease than other ethnic groups and is estimated to cause 7.5 million deaths, which accounts for 57 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Read More

FASEB J 2022 May;36 Suppl 1

Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

A critical risk factor known to mediate vascular injury and found to be clinically correlated with acute ischemic stroke is elevated oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) levels. OxLDL, via the lectin-like OxLDL receptor 1 (LOX-1), has been shown to alter vascular wall function in part by mediating mechanisms associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. LOX-1 is characterized by three alternative splice variants. Read More

Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2022 May 13:15459683221101622. Epub 2022 May 13.

Dept. Rehabilitation Medicine.

Background: Physical use of the affected upper extremity can have a beneficial effect on motor recovery in people after stroke. Few studies have examined neurological mechanisms underlying the effects of forced use in non-human primates. In particular, the ventral premotor cortex (PMV) has been previously implicated in recovery after injury. Read More

Am J Transl Res 2022 15;14(4):2637-2646. Epub 2022 Apr 15.

Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital Cangzhou 061001, Hebei, China.

Objective: To analyze the clinical efficacy and possible mechanism of butylphthalide in treatment of acute ischemic stroke.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 127 patients with ischemic stroke, hospitalized during Jan. 2019 to Jan. Read More

Front Pharmacol 2022 26;13:859244. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Tanhuo formula (THF), a traditional Chinese medicinal formula, has been demonstrated to be effective in the clinical treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, its active ingredients, potential targets, and molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Based on the validation of active ingredient concentrations, our study attempted to elucidate the possible mechanisms of THF based on network pharmacological analysis and experimental validation. Read More