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Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2021 Jun 8. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

The William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis One Garrod Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA.

Management of fractures in the field starts with successful assessment and stabilization of the patient by the practitioner on the front lines. A careful examination is vital to succesful patient management. This includes identifying the fracture location and severity, evaluating skin integrity and potential contamination of the fracture, and treating any ongoing hemorrhage, hypovolemia or stress. Read More

J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021 Jun 1;121:104599. Epub 2021 Jun 1.

SURVICE Engineering Company, 4695 Millennium Dr, Belcamp, MD, 21017, USA.

Cellular and tissue-scale indent/impact thresholds for different mechanisms of functional impairments to the brain would be the preferred method to predict head injuries, but a comprehensive understanding of the dominant possible injury mechanisms under multiaxial stress-states and rates is currently not available. Until then, skull fracture could serve as an indication of head injury. Therefore the ability to predict the initiation of skull fracture through finite element simulation can serve as an in silico tool for assessing the effectiveness of various head protection scenarios. Read More

J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021 Jun 5;121:104622. Epub 2021 Jun 5.

Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Most simulation studies on equine hoof biomechanics employed linear elastic (LE) material models. However, the equine hoof wall's stress-strain relationship is nonlinear and varies with hydration level. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the accuracy of the LE model compared to more advanced material models, such as hyperelastic (HE) or viscoelastic models. Read More

Int J Biol Macromol 2021 Jun 8;184:9-19. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China. Electronic address:

Inspired by biomaterials with hard and soft structures, we reported a type of self-healed, recyclable and antimicrobial elastomers material (ECTS) which exhibited both strong mechanical strength and high toughness. ECTS was designed by furfuryl amine modified epoxy natural rubber (ENR-FA) and furaldehyde modified chitosan (CTS-FUR) through Diels-Alder (D-A) reaction. The dynamic loading capacity of the chitosan skeleton, the stress ductility of the matrix and the dynamic cross-linking between the hard and soft components gave the elastomer excellent mechanical strength, toughness and self-healing ability. Read More

JBJS Case Connect 2021 06 11;11(2). Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Case: We describe the case of a 38-year-old woman, a yoga instructor, who had pain in the right shoulder and scapular region of 4 months' duration while performing yoga. Radiography and computed tomography diagnosed delayed union of a first rib stress fracture. The delayed union of stress fracture of the first rib was successfully treated with the limiting of yoga activity and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS). Read More

Dtsch Arztebl Int 2021 Apr;118(15):272

R Soc Open Sci 2021 Jun 9;8(6):201966. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.

Considering the recent developments of deep mining, investigating the rock properties under high ground stress periodic load is highly demanded. Studies show that these characteristics are important factors affecting the long-term steadiness of rock. However, the mechanical properties of rock mass without macro failure after cyclic load should be studied. Read More

J Hand Surg Am 2021 Jun 7. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Orthopaedics, Edinburgh Orthopaedic Trauma Unit, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify psychological factors associated with pain intensity and disability following distal radius fracture.

Methods: We prospectively followed 216 adult patients with distal radius fracture for 9 months. Demographics, injury and treatment details, and psychological measures (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score [HADS], Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian, Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, Illness Perception Questionnaire Brief [IPQB], General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Recovery Locus of Control [RLOC]) were collected at enrollment. Read More

JBJS Case Connect 2021 06 10;11(2). Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.

Case: We performed computed tomography (CT)-assisted dorsal approach osteosynthesis for stress fractures of the hook of the hamate using the dorsal approach in 3 high school baseball players in the hybrid operating room. Bony union was observed in all patients on CT. All patients were able to play baseball without pain for at least 6 months after surgery. Read More

Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue 2021 Apr;30(2):120-123

Shanghai Stomatological Hospital. Shanghai 200001, China.

Purpose: To explore the advantages of fiber reinforced composites veneer in repairing discolorated and defective anterior teeth.

Methods: Twenty porcelain veneers and 20 fiber reinforced composites veneers specimens of 2 cm long, 2 cm wide and 1 mm in thickness, with a longitudinal cross section of 45° incline were made. Another 40 fiber reinforced composites specimens of the same shape were used for comparison. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021 24;12:667480. Epub 2021 May 24.

Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.

Wnt signaling plays a critical role in bone formation, homeostasis, and injury repair. Multiple cell types in bone have been proposed to produce the Wnts required for these processes. The specific role of Wnts produced from cells of hematopoietic origin has not been previously characterized. Read More

Turk Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Derg 2021 Apr 26;29(2):271-274. Epub 2021 Apr 26.

Department of Cardiology, Bahçeşehir University Medical Park Göztepe Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (left ventricular apical balloon syndrome) is characterized by transient apical ballooning, leading to apical systolic dysfunction. This syndrome typically mimics acute coronary syndrome in terms of electrocardiographic changes and cardiac enzyme release. Although its exact pathophysiology is still unclear, it is thought to be due to stress related to the catecholaminergic discharge. Read More

Sci Prog 2021 Apr-Jun;104(2):368504211021694

Xuzhou Hongyi Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., Xuzhou, China.

There is still a lack of mature researches on the stability mechanism, influencing factors and control technology of the gob-side filling wall, and systematic researches on the cracking forms and characteristics of the stope roof and the stability of the filling wall are rather insufficient. This paper is aimed at investigating the deformation law of the filling wall under the large-span composite hinge fracture of the hard critical block and solving the difficulty that the large-span critical block lateral fracture poses to gob-side entry retaining. Research methods such as theoretical calculation, mechanical analysis, numerical simulation and field test were adopted comprehensively in this study. Read More

Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021 Jun;59(6):477-483

Department of Orthopaedics,the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,China.

To explore the imaging features and clinical effect of accordion maneuver in promoting the bone healing at the docking site after tibial transport under ultrasonic monitoring. Retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 16 patients with tibial bone transport who were admitted to the Department of Orthopedics, the second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from May 2018 to October 2019. All the patients were treated with accordion maneuver to promote bone healing at the docking site under ultrasound monitoring. Read More

Kidney Int 2021 Jun 5. Epub 2021 Jun 5.

Division of Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, BELGIUM. Electronic address:

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) experience an increased fracture risk due to impaired bone quality and quantity. Low bone mineral density (BMD) predicts fracture risk in all CKD stages, including advanced CKD (CKD G4-5D). Pharmacological therapy improves BMD and reduces fracture risk in moderate CKD. Read More

Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2021 May;55(3):277-280

Department of Orthopaedics, İstanbul University, İstanbul School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.

Pudendal syndrome is primarily characterized by stress urinary incontinence, dysuria, sexual arousal syndrome, painful erections, and anal incontinence. The syndrome occurs when the pudendal nerve or one of its branches is compressed, stretched, or injured. Double crush is the compression of a peripheral nerve at two or more separate areas with various signs and symptoms. Read More

J Orthop Surg Res 2021 Jun 7;16(1):362. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.

Background: Bone fractures are medical emergencies that require prompt intervention to help return bone to its normal function. Various methods and treatments have been utilized to increase the speed and efficiency of bone repair. This study aimed to investigate the treatment effects of Prunus dulcis aqueous extract on tibial bone healing in rabbits. Read More

Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2021 Jun 7:1-8. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yangpu District Shidong Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China.

In this study, the biomechanical differences among three internal fixation configurations for treatment of Pauwels type II and III femoral neck fractures were analyzed. Using finite element analysis, the femur displacement and stress distributions of the internal fixation device and fracture section were obtained for different patients and movement conditions. The results show that patients with osteoporosis are more prone to femoral varus and femoral neck shortening, and the fracture probability of the device for these patients is higher than that for patients with normal bone. Read More

Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2021 Jun 7:1-10. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Biomedical Engineering and Technology Laboratory, Discipline of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing, Jabalpur, MP, India.

The development of prosthetic bioimplants for fracture fixation using curved bone plates has been used as an established procedure for treatment in orthopedic. Here-in, we propose a novel curved bone plate fixation strategy to fix the designed biocompatible plates in different fracture models. Various biocompatible metallic biomaterials such as Ti-alloy (Ti-6Al-4V), stainless steel (SS 316L), and Co-alloy (Co-Cr) were created in SOLID works and used for the design of the bone plates. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2021 Jul;41(Suppl 1):S6-S13

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital.

Background: Distal radius physeal bar with associated growth arrest can occur because of fractures, ischemia, infection, radiation, tumor, blood dyscrasias, and repetitive stress injuries. The age of the patient as well as the size, shape, and location of the bony bridge determines the deformity and associated pathology that will develop.

Methods: A search of the English literature was performed using PubMed and multiple search terms to identify manuscripts dealing with the evaluation and treatment of distal radius physeal bars and ulnar overgrowth. Read More

ACS Omega 2021 Jun 18;6(21):13654-13670. Epub 2021 May 18.

College of Petroleum Engineering & Geosciences, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.

Acid fracturing is one of the most effective techniques for improving the productivity of naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs. Natural fractures (NFs) significantly affect the design and performance of acid fracturing treatments. However, few models have considered the impact of NFs on acid fracturing treatments. Read More

Front Genet 2021 21;12:662751. Epub 2021 May 21.

Connective Tissue Unit, Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is an inherited skeletal dysplasia characterized by low bone density, bone fragility and recurrent fractures. The characterization of its heterogeneous genetic basis has allowed the identification of novel players in bone development. In 2016, we described the first X-linked recessive form of OI caused by hemizygous missense variants resulting in moderate to severe phenotypes. Read More

J Pain Res 2021 27;14:1457-1464. Epub 2021 May 27.

Department of Hand Surgery, Fuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350004, People's Republic of China.

Background: Bone loss at the metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP) after trauma is difficult to treat.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Swanson's arthroplasty and the reason for implant fracture.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 175 patients who underwent emergency MCP arthroplasty between 2013 and 2016. Read More

J Oral Implantol 2021 Jun 5. Epub 2021 Jun 5.

Araçatuba Dental School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista.

This is an in silico study aimed to evaluate the biomechanical influence of different implant-abutment interfaces (external hexagon and Morse taper implants), retention systems (cement- and screw-retained), and restorative crowns (metal-ceramic and monolithic) using three-dimensional finite element analysis (3D-FEA). Eight 3D models were simulated for the maxillary first molar area using InVesalius, Rhinoceros, and SolidWorks and processed using the Femap and NEi Nastran softwares. Axial and oblique forces of 200 N and 100 N, respectively, were applied on the occlusal surface of the prostheses. Read More

J Arthroplasty 2021 May 20. Epub 2021 May 20.

Arthroplasty & Lower Extremity Reconstruction, Holland Orthopaedic & Arthritic Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Background: S-ROM hip is a well-established and versatile prosthesis that offers extensive metaphyseal and diaphyseal geometries providing solutions for a variety of surgical scenarios. The aim of this study is to report on long-term survivorship and radiographic outcomes of complex primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) using a modular cementless stem (S-ROM).

Methods: Retrospective consecutive study was conducted of 167 patients (167 hips): 97 males and 70 females with average age at the time of surgery of 55 years (range 22-76). Read More

ACS Nano 2021 Jun 4. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement has been widely used in orthopedic surgeries including total hip/knee replacement, vertebral compression fracture treatment, and bone defect filling. However, aseptic loosening of the interface between PMMA bone cement and bone often leads to failure. Hence, the development of modified PMMA that facilitates the growth of bone into the modified PMMA bone cement is key to reducing the incidence of aseptic loosening. Read More

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021 Jun 4. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Jiading Campus, 4800 Cao'an Road, Shanghai 201804, China.

This study investigated the effects of the dielectric constant (ε) of a dispersion solvent and ionomer content on the rheology of graphitized carbon (GC)-supported Pt catalyst ink and the structure of catalyst layers (CLs). The ionomer dispersions and catalyst inks were tested using rheological techniques, zeta (ξ) potential, and dynamic light scattering measurements. Results showed that increases in the solvent ε or ionomer content increased the ξ-potential of catalyst particles in the ink, which reduced the catalyst agglomerate size. Read More

Sports Health 2021 Jun 4:19417381211019343. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.

Context: Despite growing interest in quantifying and correcting vitamin D inadequacy in basketball players, a critical synthesis of these data is yet to be performed to overcome the low generalizability of findings from individual studies.

Objective: To provide a comprehensive analysis of data in basketball pertaining to (1) the prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy; (2) the effects of vitamin D supplementation on 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration (and its association with body composition), bone health, and performance; and (3) crucial aspects that warrant further investigation.

Data Sources: PubMed, MEDLINE, ERIC, Google Scholar, SCIndex, and ScienceDirect databases were searched. Read More

J Pineal Res 2021 Jun 4:e12749. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA.

Melatonin is the primary circadian output signal from the brain and is mainly synthesized in pinealocytes. The rhythm and secretion of melatonin is under the control of an endogenous oscillator located in the SCN or the master biological clock. Disruptions in circadian rhythms by shift work, aging, or light at night is associated with bone loss and increased fracture risk. Read More

Clin Case Rep 2021 May 24;9(5):e03987. Epub 2021 May 24.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Leiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands.

A tibia fracture after a fibula harvest is a rare and serious condition; however, when treated adequately, it has a good outcome. The possibility of a fracture should be kept in mind and other pathology and/or metastasis should be ruled out. Read More