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Int J Surg Case Rep 2020 Jun 11;72:245-250. Epub 2020 Jun 11.

Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.

Introduction: Posterior sternoclavicular joint fracture-dislocations are a rare and often missed diagnosis. They represent <1% of shoulder girdle injuries and are nine times less common than anterior dislocations. These injuries can be associated with life-threatening complications such as compression of the superior mediastinal structures including the great vessels and brachial plexus. Read More

Cureus 2020 Apr 3;12(4):e7525. Epub 2020 Apr 3.

Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, GRC.

Bipolar clavicle dislocation is thought to be a rare injury pattern. Even experienced orthopaedic surgeons may have not come across this entity during their careers. We report a misdiagnosed case of a 65-year-old male who underwent a motorcycle accident and was surgically treated six months post-injury. Read More

Radiologe 2020 Jun;60(6):541-548

Unfallchirurgische Klinik, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland.

Background: The shoulder girdle is a chain of bones and joints which connect the upper extremity to the axial skeleton. The shoulder as a biomechanical unit has a remarkable range of motion and is therefore frequently prone to injuries of the three major joints (sternoclavicular joint, acromioclavicular joint, glenohumeral joint) and the bony elements (clavicle, scapula, humerus). Projection radiography is still the first imaging modality for injuries of the shoulder and usually sufficient for initial diagnosis and injury classification. Read More

Am J Sports Med 2020 03 10;48(4):939-946. Epub 2020 Feb 10.

Center for Outcomes-Based Orthopaedic Research, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, USA.

Background: Instability of the sternoclavicular (SC) joint is a rare but potentially devastating pathologic condition, particularly when it occurs in young or active patients, where it can lead to persistent pain and impairment of shoulder function. SC joint reconstruction using a hamstring tendon autograft is a commonly used treatment option, but midterm results are still lacking.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical outcomes, survivorship, and return-to-sports rate after SC joint reconstruction using a hamstring tendon autograft in patients suffering from SC joint instability. Read More

Instr Course Lect 2019 ;68:41-52

Injuries to the clavicle and its articulations (the acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints) are becoming increasingly common. Conventional treatment has been dominated by nonsurgical techniques; however, the active patient was often left with substantial residual disability that was underreported. It is now recognized that surgical intervention may be advantageous in specific patients, especially athletes. Read More

A A Pract 2020 Mar;14(5):152-154

From the Departments of Anesthesiology.

Posterior sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) dislocation is a rare cause of shoulder injury that can present with life-threatening mediastinal complications. This injury most commonly occurs in adolescents and young adults, and there is a lack of anesthesia literature addressing its anesthetic implications. We present 2 cases of posterior SCJ dislocations and discuss the anesthetic management and the potential for mediastinal injuries. Read More

Am J Sports Med 2020 03 15;48(3):715-722. Epub 2020 Jan 15.

The Steadman Clinic, Vail, Colorado, USA.

Background: Osteoarthritis of the sternoclavicular (SC) joint is a rare condition that leads to decreased function and persistent pain, ultimately altering the function of the shoulder and keeping individuals from their desired activities. SC resection in the setting of primary and posttraumatic osteoarthritis is the most common surgical treatment for these patients, but midterm results are lacking.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose was to assess the clinical outcomes, pain levels, return to sports rate, and survivorship after open SC joint resection in the setting of painful primary SC joint osteoarthritis. Read More

Zhongguo Gu Shang 2019 11;32(11):1063-1065

The First Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing Shangyu People's Hospital, Shangyu 312300, Zhejiang, China.

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Dec;98(51):e18433

Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute.

Rationale: Posterior sternoclavicular joint dislocations (PSCJDs) are particularly rare injuries, accounting for 3% to 5% of sternoclavicular joint dislocations. With very few cases reported in the literature, these injuries are often misdiagnosed and imaging is not always clear, thus making physicians often unaware of them. The present case report aims to investigate a rare case involving a clavicular Salter-Harris II fracture with associated posterior displacement of the diaphysis, a term coined a "pseudodislocation. Read More

Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2019 20;53:e20190328. Epub 2019 Dec 20.

Matosinhos Local Health Unit, Infectious Diseases Department, Matosinhos, Porto, Portugal.

Rat-bite fever is a rarely diagnosed illness caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis . Although this disease is distributed worldwide, there have been few cases reported in Europe. Here, we report a case of vertebral osteomyelitis and sternoclavicular septic arthritis caused by S. Read More

Pediatr Radiol 2020 04 3;50(4):587-590. Epub 2019 Dec 3.

Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children, 705 Riley Hospital Drive, Room 1053, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.

Clavicle fractures are the most common bony injury that occurs during the delivery process. We present a case of medial clavicular physeal fracture mimicking sternoclavicular dislocation diagnosed by ultrasound (US) in a neonate. The infant presented to our clinic at 12 days old with improving left upper extremity pseudoparalysis and outside radiographs interpreted as left sternoclavicular dislocation. Read More

Clin Orthop Relat Res 2019 Dec;477(12):2761-2768

C. Chuaychoosakoon, P. Suwanno, T. Boonriong, S. Suwannaphisit, P. Klabklay, W. Parinyakhup, K. Maliwankul, B. Tangtrakulwanich, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand Y. Duangnumsawang, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.

Background: Fixation of clavicle shaft fractures with a plate and screws can endanger the neurovascular structures if proper care is not taken. Although prior studies have looked at the risk of clavicular plates and screws (for example, length and positions) to vulnerable neurovascular structures (such as the subclavian vein, subclavian artery, and brachial plexus) in the supine position, no studies to our knowledge have compared these distances in the beach chair position.

Questions/purposes: (1) In superior and anteroinferior plating of midclavicle fractures, which screw tips in a typical clavicular plating approach place the neurovascular structures at risk of injury? (2) How does patient positioning (supine or beach chair) affect the distance between the screws and the neurovascular structures?

Methods: The clavicles of 15 fresh-frozen cadavers were dissected. Read More

Phys Ther 2020 02;100(2):283-294

PhD, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota.

Background: Scapulothoracic upward rotation (UR) is an important shoulder complex motion allowing for a larger functional work space and improved glenohumeral muscle function. However, the kinematic mechanisms producing scapulothoracic UR remain unclear, limiting the understanding of normal and abnormal shoulder movements.

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the coupling relationships through which sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joint motions contribute to scapulothoracic UR. Read More

PLoS One 2019 25;14(10):e0224370. Epub 2019 Oct 25.

Department of Trauma Surgery and Orthopedics, BG Hospital Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin gGmbH, Berlin, Germany.

Introduction: Although shoulder girdle injuries are frequent, those of the medial part are widely unexplored. Our aim is to improve the knowledge of this rare injury and its management in Germany by big data analysis.

Methods: The data are based on ICD-10 codes of all German hospitals as provided by the German Federal Statistical Office. Read More

Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech 2019 ;86(4):299-303

Klinika úrazové chirurgie, Fakultní nemocnice Brno a Lékařská fakulta, Masarykova Univerzita, Brno.

Superior Shoulder Suspensory Complex (SSSC) is a bone and soft-tissue ring securing the connection of the upper extremity to the axial skeleton via the clavicle and sternoclavicular joint. An isolated injury to one component of SSSC is usually stable. An injury to 2 of its components is a potential source of shoulder girdle instability and requires surgical stabilisation. Read More

BMC Surg 2019 Sep 13;19(1):136. Epub 2019 Sep 13.

School of Osteopathic medicine, Philadelphia college of Osteopathic medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Objectives: The pectoralis major flap has been considered the workhorse flap for chest and sternoclavicular defect reconstruction. There have been many configurations of the pectoralis major flap reported in the literature for use in reconstruction sternoclavicular defects either involving bone, soft tissue elements, or both. This study reviews the different configurations of the pectoralis major flap for sternoclavicular defect reconstruction and provides the first ever classification for these techniques. Read More

Indian J Tuberc 2019 Jul 19;66(3):422-426. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust, UK. Electronic address:

A 34 year-old lady was referred for rheumatology review by the orthopaedic team for further investigation of chronic left sternoclavicular joint pain. No preceding event such as trauma, injury or infection had occurred. A rheumatology workup turned out to be negative for an inflammatory arthropathy. Read More

Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019 Aug;33(8):976-980

Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou Fujian, 362000,

Objective: To investigate effectiveness of allogeneic tendon of "W" type knit in repair of traumatic anterior dislocation of sternoclavicular joint.

Methods: Between June 2013 and June 2017, 12 patients with traumatic anterior dislocation of sternoclavicular joint after poor conservative treatment were treated with allogeneic tendon of "W" type knit. Of them, 10 were males and 2 were females, aged from 25 to 58 years (mean, 42 years). Read More

Ann Vasc Surg 2019 Nov 31;61:468.e13-468.e17. Epub 2019 Jul 31.

Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hôpital du Valais, Sion, Switzerland.

Background: Clavicular fracture or sternoclavicular luxation is observed in 10% of all polytrauma patients and is frequently associated with concomitant intrathoracic life-threatening injuries. Posterior sternoclavicular luxation is well known to induce underlying great vessels damage. The gold standard treatment usually is a combined orthopedic and cardiovascular surgical procedure associating vascular repair, clavicular open reduction, and internal fixation. Read More

J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2019 Dec 23;28(12):2350-2355. Epub 2019 Jul 23.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium. Electronic address:

Background: Atraumatic sternoclavicular dislocation (ASCD) is an uncommon pathology that is mainly diagnosed in young adults. The aim of this study is to better describe the clinical picture of ASCD and to describe the results of a "wait-and-see" policy in these patients.

Methods: All patients with ASCD who visited our department between 2011 and 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Jul;98(28):e16359

Department of Orthopedics.

Rationale: Asymmetrical bilateral sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) dislocation consists of posterior SCJ dislocation on one side and anterior SCJ dislocation on the other side. This is an extremely rare injury and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. If not been diagnosed timely and accurately, asymmetrical bilateral SCJ dislocation can be life-threatening. Read More

Orthopedics 2019 Jul 28;42(4):205-210. Epub 2019 May 28.

Instability of the sternoclavicular joint is a challenging condition given the proximity of neurovascular structures and minimal osseous constraint, and little is known regarding return to activity. A prospectively maintained institutional registry was retrospectively queried for all sternoclavicular joint reconstructions performed from 2005 to 2016. All included patients were asked to answer questions from a previously established survey to assess return to sport, work, and satisfaction following surgery. Read More

J Orthop Trauma 2019 Jul;33(7):e251-e255

Pikeville Medical Center Orthopedic Trauma, Pikeville, KY.

Objectives: This meta-analysis was performed to answer the following questions: (1) What is the expected outcome of sternoclavicular (SC) dislocations left untreated? (2) What are the indications for closed reduction of SC dislocations? (3) What are the indications for open reduction of SC dislocations? and (4) Does the evidence support the need for a cardiothoracic surgeon to be available for the open reduction of a SC dislocation?

Data Sources: Articles were obtained from the database EBSCOhost and supplemented by hand searching of bibliographies of included references. A search using the following terms: SC joint AND (dislocation OR injuries OR vascular injury OR cardiovascular surgeon) of the English-language literature from 1970 to 2018 on the topic of SC joint dislocations was performed.

Study Selection: Studies were included if they contained clinical data on one or more of our study objectives. Read More

Orthop Surg 2019 Feb 6;11(1):91-96. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of using acromioclavicular joint hook plates for the treatment of anterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation.

Methods: Ten patients who suffered anterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation were retrospectively analyzed, and underwent acromioclavicular joint hook plate surgeries from January 2015 to May 2017. There were 7 male and 3 female patients, with a mean age of 43. Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2019 Jan 17;20(1):27. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Life Sciences College, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, People's Republic of China.

Background: It's difficult to diagnose and treat synovitis-acne-pustulosis-hyperostosis-osteomyelitis (SAPHO) syndrome due to its rare and unknown pathogenesis. There is no effective treatment for SAPHO syndrome and the consequences of empirical treatment are unpredictable. This study reports a case of a young female diagnosed as SAPHO syndrome with pathological fractures of vertebral bodies. Read More

Phys Sportsmed 2019 09 21;47(3):253-261. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

Department of Family Medicine and Orthopedics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado , ‎Aurora , CO , USA.

Sports-related injuries to the shoulder are common causes of disability. Injuries to the sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) in sports are more rare, though have been reported in a small number of cases. SCJ injury classification is determined by the degree of joint displacement and direction of clavicular displacement. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019 Jun 12;77(6):1316.e1-1316.e12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Assistant Professor, Louisiana State University, New Orleans; Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Louisiana State University School of Dentistry, New Orleans; Director, Head and Neck and Microvascular Reconstruction Fellowship; Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, LSUHSC School of Dentistry, New Orleans, LA.

Functional reconstruction of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a controversial topic among oral and maxillofacial surgeons; this controversy becomes more complicated when one dives into the dilemma of the ideal reconstructive modality. TMJ defects might result from various etiologies, such as blunt or penetrating traumatic injuries, advanced degenerative joint disease, or various pathologic conditions, including benign and malignant conditions, that might arise from the TMJ or adjacent tissues. Reconstruction of the TMJ is vital because of its essential function in mastication, articulation, speech, and facial esthetics and symmetry. Read More

Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2018 Nov 11;52(6):464-468. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Orthopaedics, Ningbo, People's Republic of China.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical results of T-plate fixation and anterior sternoclavicular ligament repair in proximal clavicle fractures.

Methods: Between August 2013 and August 2016, a total 12 patients (10 men and 2 women; mean age: 44.1 ± 9. Read More

J Orthop Surg Res 2018 Dec 13;13(1):317. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.

Background: The articles that have reported on the size at which a segmental defect of clavicular non-union requires bone grafting are scarce. This study evaluated the functional and radiologic results of fixation by locking compression plate (LCP) without bone graft when the defect size is less than 2 cm following bone sclerosis removal for the treatment of clavicular non-union.

Methods: The study included 17 patients with mid-shaft clavicular non-union. Read More

Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2018 11 27;163. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, afd. Chirurgie, locatie Alkmaar.

Posterior sternoclavicular luxations are uncommon and potentially life threatening. When clinically suspected, a computed tomography angiography is the gold standard to investigate whether important structures located in the mediastinum are at risk. A fast reduction should be performed to reduce pain and prevent acute and late complications. Read More

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2019 Jan 26;27(1):251-258. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, 76 Rue d'Eich, 1460, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.

Purpose: Traumatic posterior instability of the sternoclavicular joint is a potentially life-threatening injury. In contrast to the low incidence there is a plethora of different strategies to treat this lesion. It was the objective of this retrospective analysis to evaluate and further develop current strategies. Read More

J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2019 Apr 16;28(4):e97-e103. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Division of Orthopaedics, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals Trust, Cambridge, UK. Electronic address:

Background: This study assessed whether treating medial end clavicular fractures using an inverted distal clavicle locking plate, twisted through 90° around its axis, would allow for a less invasive surgical approach and improve screw trajectory insertion.

Materials And Methods: We searched the databases of the 2 senior authors for patients who had sustained an acute, displaced fracture of the medial end of the clavicle and had undergone operative fixation using an inverted distal clavicle plate contoured through 90°. Through an inferior incision, a contoured locking plate was positioned on the anterior surface of the medial end of the clavicle. Read More

Laryngoscope 2019 04 19;129(4):865-870. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

SUNY Downstate Medical Center, New York, New York, U.S.A.

Objectives: Adequate treatment of laryngopharyngeal malignancy often incorporates radiation therapy. Structures surrounding laryngopharynx exposed to traditional radiation doses are susceptible to posttreatment toxicity. Among poorly understood sequelae is the rare manifestation of sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) osteoradionecrosis (ORN). Read More

JBJS Rev 2018 Nov;6(11):e2

Section of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Background: Traumatic posterior sternoclavicular joint dislocations are rare orthopaedic emergencies. Treatment typically consists of closed reduction, with surgical management reserved for unstable cases. Because of the low prevalence of this condition, limited clinical evidence exists for a superior surgical stabilization technique. Read More

Surg Radiol Anat 2019 Apr 3;41(4):365-372. Epub 2018 Nov 3.

Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.

Purpose: Clavicle fractures are common injuries in adults and children. Although neurovascular damage is rarely seen, acute subclavian artery pseudoaneurysms and injuries to subclavian vessels were reported for closed fractures of the clavicle. The aim of this study was to identify the morphological details of the subclavian vessels and their relation to the sternoclavicular joint and body of the clavicle. Read More

Trauma Case Rep 2018 Oct 5;17:1-4. Epub 2018 Oct 5.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kishima Hon-in Hospital, 3-33, Gakuonji, Yao-shi, Osaka 581-0853, Japan.

Sternoclavicular joint dislocation (SCJD) is a rare injury; there are only two reported cases of SCJD that have occurred during judo practice. We present a case of an 18-year-old male athlete who fell while practicing judo and experienced upper left chest pain. He was diagnosed with posterior SCJD at another institute before being transferred to our hospital. Read More

JBJS Case Connect 2018 Jul-Sep;8(3):e76

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Case: A 15-year-old boy with a posterior physeal fracture-dislocation of the medial aspect of the clavicle and a 14-year-old boy with a posterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation were successfully treated with temporary sternoclavicular stabilization using an innovative blocking technique with Kirschner wires.

Conclusion: When treating posterior sternoclavicular joint injuries, posterior instability should be securely stabilized. Temporary blocking stabilization of the sternoclavicular joint using Kirschner wires does not rigidly fix the sternoclavicular joint, but it prevents posterior displacement of the proximal aspect of the clavicle. Read More

JBJS Essent Surg Tech 2018 Jun 23;8(2):e16. Epub 2018 May 23.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Akershus, Norway.

Background: The treatment of completely displaced midshaft clavicle fractures is still controversial, but surgical treatment provides a shorter recovery period and higher union rates than nonoperative treatment with a sling. Even though the literature does not clearly support surgery for these fractures, surgery is becoming more frequent. Elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) with a titanium nail is a well-documented mini-invasive procedure with functional outcomes comparable with those of plate fixation after 1 year but a high rate of implant removal of up to 80%. Read More

Int J Sports Phys Ther 2018 Aug;13(4):752-762

Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA.

Background: Sternoclavicular (SC) joint instability is a rare injury, but one with profound implications given its proximity to vital structures and function as the only true articulation between the upper extremity and axial skeleton. The majority of SC joint instability can be treated non-operatively; however, there is a role for reconstruction in the presence of instability that results in pain and dysfunction that is refractory to conservative management or deformity resulting in functional impairment. Given the lack of inherent osseous stability at the sternoclavicular joint and the role of ligaments as primary stabilizers, surgical intervention with emphasis on ligament reconstruction may be recommended. Read More

Orthopedics 2018 Sep 27;41(5):e681-e688. Epub 2018 Jul 27.

Eleven patients with bipolar clavicle injuries, including dislocation of both ends of the clavicle, dislocation of the sternoclavicular joint with distal clavicle fracture, dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint with medial clavicle fracture, and segmental fracture of the clavicle, were retrospectively reviewed. The purpose of this study was to report the clinical outcomes and a literature review of bipolar clavicle injury. Nonoperative treatment was performed for 5 patients and surgical treatment for 6 patients. Read More

Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 01;32(1):7-13

Southwest Medical University, Luzhou Sichuan, 646000, P.R.China.

Objective: To develop an anatomical locking plate in accordance with the anatomical characteristics of the sternoclavicular joint, which is reliable fixation and easy to operate, so as to provide an ideal internal fixation device for the treatment of sternoclavicular joint dislocation or peripheral fractures.

Methods: Gross measurement and CT measurement were performed on the 8 adult antiseptic and moist cadaver specimens (16 sides) to measure the parameters of surrounding bone structure of the sternoclavicular joint. The parameters included the thickness of presternum, sternal notch width, anteroposterior diameter of proximal 1/3 of clavicle, upper and lower diameters of proximal 1/3 of clavicle, angle between proximal end of clavicle and presternum in coronal plane, and angle of thoracoclavicular joint at anatomic position forward. Read More

Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 03;32(3):316-321

Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou Sichuan, 646000, P.R.China.

Objective: To report a new type of anatomical locking plate for sternocalvicular joint, and investigate its effectiveness in treatment of sternoclavicular joint fracture and dislocation.

Methods: A new type of anatomical locking plate for sternoclavicular joint was developed, which accorded with the anatomical features and biomechanical characteristics of Chinese sternoclavicular joint. By adopting the method of clinical randomized controlled study, 32 patients with the sternoclavicular joint fracture and dislocation who met the selection criteria between June 2008 and May 2015 were randomly divided into groups A and B ( =16), and the patients were treated with new anatomic locking plate and distal radial T locking plate internal fixation, respectively. Read More

World Neurosurg 2018 Jul 17;115:e305-e311. Epub 2018 Apr 17.

Division of Neurological Surgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Animal models are commonly used in training protocols for microsurgical vascular anastomosis. Rat common carotid arteries (CCAs) are frequently used for this purpose. Much attention has been paid to the technical details of various anastomosis configurations using these arteries. Read More

J Fam Pract 2018 04;67(4):231-233

Department of Emergency Medicine, Maine Medical Center, Portland, and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

A 16-year-old hockey player presented to our emergency department with sharp pain in his right upper chest after "checking" another player during a game. The pain did not resolve with rest and was worse with movement and breathing. The patient did not have dysphagia, dyspnea, paresthesias, or hoarseness. Read More

J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2018 Jan-Apr;26(1):2309499018761176

Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK.

Introduction: This report describes the first known sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) replacement with a custom-made prosthesis.

History: A 42-year-old male who presented post left medial clavicular excision with significant pain and limited range of motion impeding his daily activities and ability to work. The patient subsequently underwent a left SCJ arthroplasty with a custom-made prosthesis. Read More

Muscle Nerve 2018 Aug 24;58(2):300-303. Epub 2018 Mar 24.

Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.

Introduction: We describe a new nerve conduction study technique with reference values for the 3 branches of the supraclavicular nerve (SCN) in young healthy subjects and application of it in 2 patients.

Methods: The recording electrode was placed on the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, 6-7 cm from the sternoclavicular joint. SCN branches were stimulated below the clavicle, 2. Read More