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Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc 2021 Jun 8;34:100801. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.

Introduction: Antibiotic envelopes are being developed for cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) wrapping to reduce the risk of infections.

Methods: Fifteen CIED infection-associated bacterial isolates of and were used to assess biofilm formation on Hylomate® compared to titanium, silicone and polyurethane coupons pre-treated with vancomycin (400 µg/ml), bacitracin (1000 U/ml) or a combination of rifampin (80 µg/ml) plus minocycline (50 µg/ml). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to visualize bacteria on Hylomate®. Read More

mSystems 2021 Jun 22:e0049221. Epub 2021 Jun 22.

Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, USA.

Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) sequence type 9 (ST9) has emerged and disseminated in Asia. It is associated with colonization or infection in both humans and animal hosts; however, the genetic factors underpinning its adaptation to animal and human population remain to be determined. Here, we conducted a genomic analysis of 191 ST9 S. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Jun 21;14(6). Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Trauma and Orthopaedics, University Hospital Ayr, Ayr, UK.

Septic arthritis of the acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) is a rare pathology with very few documented case reports available in the literature. In addition, ACJ septic arthritis secondary to methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is a rarer pathology with only two previously documented case reports in the medical literature to our knowledge. We present the case of a 46-year-old man who was diagnosed with a confirmed ACJ septic arthritis secondary to MRSA following admission to the local trauma and orthopaedic service at a district general hospital. Read More

Front Mol Biosci 2021 4;8:691569. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

is a leading cause of bacterial infections world-wide. Staphylococcal infections are preferentially treated with -lactam antibiotics, however, methicillin-resistant (MRSA) strains have acquired resistance to this superior class of antibiotics. We have developed a growth-based, high-throughput screening approach that directly identifies cell wall synthesis inhibitors capable of reversing -lactam resistance in MRSA. Read More

Case Rep Pediatr 2021 4;2021:6661932. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.

is known to be one of the most common gram-positive microorganisms and an important pathogen associated with sepsis and toxic shock. We present four anonymized consecutive cases in a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) to illustrate the different clinical manifestations of staphylococcal infections, including local infection versus systemic infection, toxic shock versus septic shock, and osteomyelitis. Eczema, short gut syndrome, and scald injury may be associated. Read More

Front Microbiol 2021 4;12:659116. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.

Staphylococci can cause a wide array of infections that can be life threatening. These infections become more deadly when the isolates are antibiotic resistant and thus harder to treat. Many resistance determinants are plasmid-mediated; however, staphylococcal plasmids have not yet been fully characterized. Read More

J Infect Dis 2021 Jun 19. Epub 2021 Jun 19.

Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus infections are common throughout the lifespan, with recurrent infections occuring in nearly half of infected children. There is no licensed vaccine, underscoring the need to better understand how S. aureus evades protective immunity. Read More

J Orthop Case Rep 2021 Feb;11(2):29-32

Department of Orthopaedics, Dr. R.N. Cooper General Hospital and H.B.T. Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Introduction: Tuberculous osteomyelitis of the clavicle accounts for 1-3% of cases of osteoarticular tuberculosis. It presents with non-specific symptoms and may have superadded infections with pyogenic organisms, requiring a high degree of suspicion to adequately diagnose and initiate appropriate treatment.

Case Report: We describe a case of a 35-year-old male with osteolytic clavicular lesion and abscess in the supraclavicular fossa. Read More

Infect Drug Resist 2021 10;14:2165-2171. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Clinical Laboratory, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.

Purpose: To report antibiotic resistance rates and trends of common ocular isolates collected over a 15-year period.

Methods: We collected 3533 isolates from July 1, 2005 to July 31, 2020. Antibiotic sensitivity was determined according to the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Read More

Infect Drug Resist 2021 9;14:2133-2142. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of Microbiology, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a very frequent infection both in the community and hospital patients, and the emergence of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) in the community setting and infections with this pathogen become a prevalent problem among UTI patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine prevalence and associated factors of methicillin resistance (MRSA) among urinary tract infection suspected patients attending at Arba Minch General Hospital.

Methods: Facility-based cross-sectional study was done at Arba Minch General Hospital from July to October 2020. Read More

Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir 2021 Jun 16;53(3):219-223. Epub 2021 Jun 16.

Abteilung für Plastische, Ästhetische und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie, Universitätsklinik für Chirurgie, Medizinische Universität Graz.

Acute infections of the hand can be a pathology with severe consequences. Alongside the surgical therapy, it is necessary to establish a systemic antiinfective therapy as well. The most frequent bacteria in acute hand infections are Staphylococcus aureus and, less frequently, different Streptococci. Read More

PeerJ 2021 31;9:e11511. Epub 2021 May 31.

School of Biomedical Sciences, University of West London, London, United Kingdom.

Staphylococcal mastitis (SM) is a frequent disease in the dairy cattle that is costly to treat. This study aimed to investigate the alterations in the levels of procalcitonin (PCT), neopterin (NPT), haptoglobin (HP), serum amyloid A (SAA), proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-8, TNF-, IF-) and oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers in Holstein dairy cows with SM under field conditions. In addition, we also evaluated the role of examined biomarkers in disease pathogenesis and their use as diagnostic biomarkers for the disease in dairy cows. Read More

mBio 2021 Jun 15:e0027621. Epub 2021 Jun 15.

Université de Paris, Paris, France.

Antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains constitute a major public health concern worldwide and are responsible for both health care- and community-associated infections. Here, we establish a robust and easy-to-implement model of oral S. aureus infection using Drosophila melanogaster larvae that allowed us to follow the fate of S. Read More

Microb Physiol 2021 Jun 14:1-14. Epub 2021 Jun 14.

Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

As an opportunistic pathogen of humans and animals, Staphylococcus aureus asymptomatically colonizes the nasal cavity but is also a leading cause of life-threatening acute and chronic infections. The evolution of S. aureus resulting from short- and long-term adaptation to diverse hosts is tightly associated with mobile genetic elements. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 06 11;14(6). Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal London Hospital, London, UK.

J Leukoc Biol 2021 Jun 11. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.

Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE) pose a great threat to human health due to their ability to bypass antigen presentation and activate large amounts of conventional T cells resulting in a cytokine storm potentially leading to toxic shock syndrome. Unconventional T- and NK cells are also activated by SE but the mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, the authors aimed to explore the underlying mechanism behind SE-mediated activation of MAIT-, γδ T-, and NK cells in vitro. Read More

Science 2021 06;372(6547):1169-1175

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Emergent resistance to all clinical antibiotics calls for the next generation of therapeutics. Here we report an effective antimicrobial strategy targeting the bacterial hydrogen sulfide (HS)-mediated defense system. We identified cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) as the primary generator of HS in two major human pathogens, and , and discovered small molecules that inhibit bacterial CSE. Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021 Jun 9;22(1):530. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Hand and Foot Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, 250000, China.

Septic arthritis (SA) represents a medical emergency that needs immediate diagnosis and urgent treatment. Despite aggressive treatment and rapid diagnosis of the causative agent, the mortality and lifelong disability, associated with septic arthritis remain high as close to 11%. Moreover, with the rise in drug resistance, the rates of failure of conventional antibiotic therapy have also increased. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021 Jun 9;6:CD013697. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA.

Background: Posterior blepharitis is common and causes ocular surface and lid damage as well as discomfort. It affects 37% to 47% of all ophthalmology patients; its incidence increasing with age. It is a multifactorial disease associated with multiple other pathologies, such as rosacea, meibomianitis, and infections. Read More

Appl Environ Microbiol 2021 Jun 9:AEM0074421. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA-70504.

Gram-positive methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is an emerging cause of hospital-associated urinary tract infections (UTI), especially in catheterized individuals. Despite being rare, MRSA UTI are prone to potentially life-threatening exacerbations such as bacteremia that can be refractory to routine antibiotic therapy. To delineate the molecular mechanisms governing MRSA urinary pathogenesis, we exposed three clinical isolates, including two MRSA strains to human urine for 2h and analyzed virulence characteristics and changes in gene expression. Read More

mSystems 2021 Jun 8:e0118520. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, United Kingdom.

Staphylococcus aureus is a worldwide leading cause of numerous diseases ranging from food-poisoning to lethal infections. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has been found capable of acquiring resistance to most antimicrobials. Read More

Nat Commun 2021 06 7;12(1):3331. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., People's Republic of China.

The rapid emergence of drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) poses a serious threat to public health globally. Silver (Ag)-based antimicrobials are promising to combat antibiotic resistant S. Read More

Crit Care 2021 06 7;25(1):197. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Dipartimento Di Scienze Biotecnologiche Di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche E Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.

Background: Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and requiring mechanical ventilation are at risk of ventilator-associated bacterial infections secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our study aimed to investigate clinical features of Staphylococcus aureus ventilator-associated pneumonia (SA-VAP) and, if bronchoalveolar lavage samples were available, lung bacterial community features in ICU patients with or without COVID-19.

Methods: We prospectively included hospitalized patients with COVID-19 across two medical ICUs of the Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2021 Jun 7;21(1):537. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.

Background: Invasive aspergillosis of the central nervous system is a rare but increasingly prevalent disease. We present the unusual case of an immunosuppressed patient suffering from unexpected superinfected invasive aspergillosis with cerebral, pulmonal, and adrenal manifestations, mimicking a metastasized bronchial carcinoma. This report reveals the importance of including aspergillosis in the differential diagnosis of a cerebral mass lesion in the light of unspecific clinical findings. Read More

Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2021 Jun 7:AAC0050821. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA.

We utilized the rabbit model of aortic valve infective endocarditis to examine the combined efficacy of the lysin, LSVT-1701, plus daptomycin. The combination of LSVT-1701 plus daptomycin was highly effective at reducing target tissue MRSA counts. When given for four daily doses, both lysin dose-regimens in combination with daptomycin sterilized all target tissues. Read More

BMC Genomics 2021 Jun 5;22(1):418. Epub 2021 Jun 5.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Diseases (AMRID) Research Laboratory, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.

Background: The global emergence of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) has seen the dominance of specific clones in different regions around the world with the PVL-positive ST93-IV as the predominant CA-MRSA clone in Australia. In this study we applied a genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach on a collection of Australian ST93-IV MRSA genomes to screen for genetic traits that might have assisted the ongoing transmission of ST93-IV in Australia. We also compared the genomes of ST93-IV bacteraemia and non-bacteraemia isolates to search for potential virulence genes associated with bacteraemia. Read More

Vaccine 2021 Jun 1;39(29):3907-3915. Epub 2021 Jun 1.

Howard Taylor Ricketts Laboratory, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, United States. Electronic address:

Exposure to Staphylococcus aureus does not lead to immunity as evidenced by the persistent colonization of one third of the human population. S. aureus immune escape is mediated by factors that preempt complement activation, destroy phagocytes, and modify B and T cell responses. Read More

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2021 Jul 5;126:112167. Epub 2021 May 5.

Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

The spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections has become a serious global threat. We introduce multi-layer coated gold nanoparticles (MLGNPs) delivering antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) targeting the resistance gene of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), as a selective antimicrobial by restoring susceptibility. MLGNPs were prepared by multi-step surface immobilization of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with polyethylenimine (PEI) and loaded with ASO targeting the mecA gene. Read More

Front Med (Lausanne) 2021 17;8:553965. Epub 2021 May 17.

University of Lille, Lille, France.

The genus is the main causative agent of bone and joint infections (BJI) in which outcomes are impacted by both effective surgical and appropriate antimicrobial management. In this context, methicillin resistance (MR) detection is a microbiological challenge to optimize the anti-staphylococcal drug coverage and to secure the surgical procedure. During the last decade, molecular tools have been developed to rapidly detect bacterial-resistant strains in clinical samples. Read More

Biomater Sci 2021 Jun;9(12):4433-4439

Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an important enzyme-based biomarker present in several bacterial species; however, it is currently undervalued as a strategy to detect pathogenic bacteria. Here, we explore our ALP-responsive colorimetric and fluorescent probe (TCF-ALP) for such applications. TCF-ALP displayed a colorimetric and fluorescence response towards Staphylococcus aureus (S. Read More