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Urol Case Rep 2021 Jul 13;37:101638. Epub 2021 Mar 13.

Department of Surgery, RG KAR Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India.

Periurethral lesions are common in post-menopausal women. The differential diagnosis includes urethral caruncle, urethral prolapse, urethral diverticulum and the notorious urethral malignancy. Non-invasive squamous lesion of the urethra is rare with limited data on clinical significance. Read More

Aktuelle Urol 2021 Feb 1;52(1):43-46. Epub 2021 Feb 1.

University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Department of Urology, Luebeck.

Intravesical chemotherapy instillation is a unique method of treatment confined to urothelial neoplasia. Within the last decades, the substances Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and mitomycin C (MMC) have evolved as the standard regimens for intravesical therapy. However, there are other chemotherapeutic substances, which are used less frequently, such as gemcitabine. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2021 Mar 19;35:101543. Epub 2020 Dec 19.

Department of Urology, Prince Muhammed Bin Nasser Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.

Bladder cancer is relatively common in the general population but is considered a rare entity in children. Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most frequently encountered bladder tumor in children. Inverted papilloma of the urinary bladder is a rare presentation in adults and is considered extremely rare in the pediatric age group. Read More

Hum Pathol 2021 Mar 8;109:53-58. Epub 2020 Dec 8.

Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA. Electronic address:

The spectrum of neuroendocrine (NE) tumors in the genitourinary tract ranges from the aggressive large and small cell carcinomas to the often benign paraganglioma and well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor (WD-NET). At least 15 pure lower urinary tract (LUT) WD-NETs have been described. Owing to the rarity of WD-NET in the LUT and the limited number of reported cases, a better definition of their biologic long-term behavior is warranted. Read More

Hinyokika Kiyo 2020 Nov;66(11):403-406

The Department of Pathology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital.

We report a case of squamous cell papilloma of the urinary bladder, which is an extremely rare disease with only 15 cases reported in the Japanese and English literature. The case was in a 76-year-old woman. She was referred to the department of urology because multifocal tumors of the urinary bladder were found by computed tomographic scan during an examination for acute enteritis. Read More

Infect Agent Cancer 2020 28;15:52. Epub 2020 Aug 28.

Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, 1419733141 Iran.

Background: Bladder cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death in adults worldwide. There are various risk factors described for the bladder cancer development including genetic background as well as environmental exposure. Currently, infectious agents such as human papilloma virus (HPV) has also been linked to bladder cancer risk. Read More

European J Pediatr Surg Rep 2020 Jan 23;8(1):e23-e26. Epub 2020 Apr 23.

Department of Pediatrics, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary.

Urothelial neoplasms of the bladder (UNB) are considerably rare throughout the pediatric population. UNB develops from the urothelial tissue in the form of a benign disease, generally favoring a successful prognosis in the majority of cases. The authors present the diagnosis and treatment regarding two medical case reports in which urothelial papilloma was diagnosed and effectively treated. Read More

Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020 Jun 18;30:101766. Epub 2020 Apr 18.

Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer using 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) has recently attracted attention as a diagnostic method for observing cancer lesions based on fluorescence emission using a fluorescent endoscope. However, there are few reports of false positives associated with benign bladder neoplasms. Here, we provide report of two cases of inverted papillomas of the bladder that were fluorescent on PDD using 5-ALA. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2020 Jul 3;31:101169. Epub 2020 Apr 3.

Medical College of Georgia, USA.

There are three major recognized histological types for primary urethral carcinoma (PUC). These include transitional cell carcinoma (55%), squamous cell carcinoma (21.5%), and adenocarcinoma (16. Read More

Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2020 Jan-Mar;63(1):96-97

Department of Urology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Inverted papilloma of urothelium is a rare benign tumour accounting for 1-2% of all the urothelial lesions. Morphologically, these are of two main subtypes - trabecular and glandular, of which the former subtype is most frequently encountered compared to the latter. The glandular subtype closely mimics cystitis glandularis and urothelial carcinoma with inverted growth pattern. Read More

J Pathol 2020 04 28;250(4):464-465. Epub 2020 Feb 28.

Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.

Aktuelle Urol 2020 Jan 15. Epub 2020 Jan 15.

MVZ OptiPath, Pathologie, Frankfurt am Main.

Background:  The occurrence of intravesical condylomata acuminata has been described as a fairly uncommon, benign epithelial lesion. Reports on progression into a muscle-invasive carcinoma of the bladder are rare.

Case:  We present the case of a 68-year-old man who had a history of intravesical condylomata acuminata over several years and developed a muscle-invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder. Read More

Hinyokika Kiyo 2019 Nov;65(11):463-467

The Department of Molecular Pathology, Shinshu University School of Medicine.

A 69-year-old male complained of gross hematuria. Cystoscopy revealed a papillary pedunculated tumor. The tumor was approximately 4 cm in length, and mimicked an inverted papilloma with a small stalk and smooth surface, located on the bladder trigone. Read More

Ann Diagn Pathol 2020 Feb 22;44:151433. Epub 2019 Nov 22.

Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, The Methodist Hospital and Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Most urothelial neoplasms of the bladder show an exophytic papillary pattern, but some show an inverted growth pattern. In 2004, the World Health Organization (WHO) released a detailed histologic classification system for papillary urothelial neoplasms, but not for inverted forms. The International Consultation on Urologic Disease (ICUD) recommendations of 2012 are applicable to inverted/endophytic papillary lesions as follows: 1) inverted papilloma (IP), 2) inverted papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential (IPUNLMP), 3) inverted papillary urothelial carcinoma, low grade, non-invasive (IPUCLG-NI), 4) inverted papillary urothelial carcinoma, high grade, non-invasive (IPUCHG-NI), 5) inverted papillary urothelial carcinoma, high grade, invasive (IPUCHG-I). Read More

Future Oncol 2019 Nov 18;15(33):3797-3807. Epub 2019 Sep 18.

Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.

To evaluate the role of preoperative platelet distribution width (PDW) as a potential biomarker for distinguishing malignancy and tumor advantage of bladder neoplasm. The study included 210 subjects with bladder cancer, 76 subjects with urothelial papilloma and 132 healthy control subjects. Preoperative PDW along with other blood indices was evaluated. Read More

Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2020 Apr 8;34 Suppl 1:e8578. Epub 2020 Feb 8.

Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.

Rationale: Accumulating evidence has linked prolonged exposure to heavy metals to cancer occurrence in the urinary system. However, the specific biological mechanisms responsible for the association of heavy metals with the unusually high incidence of upper tract urothelial carcinoma in Taiwan are complex and incompletely understood.

Methods: To elucidate the specific biological mechanism and identify molecular indicators of the unusually high association of upper tract urothelial carcinoma with heavy metal exposure, protein expression following the treatment of T24 human bladder carcinoma and RT4 human bladder papilloma cell line models with arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) was studied. Read More

Hum Pathol 2019 10 24;92:18-24. Epub 2019 Jul 24.

Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322; Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322; Department of Pathology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033; Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322. Electronic address:

Urothelial carcinoma with an inverted/endophytic growth pattern can occasionally mimic inverted urothelial papilloma and pose diagnostic challenges when assessing the presence or absence of invasion. Making these distinctions is critical for guiding appropriate treatment and improving patient outcomes. Here we conducted one of the largest studies to date of invasive high-grade urothelial carcinoma arising in a background of urothelial carcinoma with an inverted growth pattern. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 07 17;9(1):10362. Epub 2019 Jul 17.

Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT, Avda Complutense 40, 28040, Madrid, Spain.

Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) represents a crucial problem for the national health care systems due to its high rates of recurrence and the consequent need of frequent follow-ups. Here, gene expression analyses in patients diagnosed as NMIBC were performed to determine those molecular pathways involved in tumor initiation, finding that both MYC and E2F are up regulated and helps to tumor initiation and progression. Our results also support an important involvement of alternative splicing events, modifying key pathways to favour bladder tumor evolution. Read More

Transbound Emerg Dis 2019 Nov 19;66(6):2197-2203. Epub 2019 Jul 19.

Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China.

Bovine papillomaviruses (BPV) are small circular DNA viruses which can be widely spread in herd, inducing cattle tumours, therefore, leading economic losses in dairy and beef production industries. BPV-leads symptoms include cutaneous papillomas, fibropapillomas, urinary bladder and oesophageal carcinoma. As one of the most important producers of beef in the world, China has not provided systematic research to prevent the harm of BPV, particularly in papillomavirus molecular characterization which presents among Chinese native cattle which was known to have higher disease resistance. Read More

J Pathol 2019 09 2;249(1):3-5. Epub 2019 Jul 2.

Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.

A recent study has identified gene mutations involving the MAPK/ERK pathway, particularly the HRAS gene, in all inverted urothelial papillomas (IUPs), in the absence of pathway mutations in TERT promoter, FGFR3, and TP53/RB1genes. Neither recurrence nor progression was observed in IUPs. These data support several longstanding hypotheses: (1) IUPs are benign and do not recur or progress; (2) they harbor mutations that are different from those of urothelial carcinoma; and (3) they arise through different molecular mechanisms than low- or high-grade urothelial carcinoma. Read More

J Pathol 2019 07 22;248(3):260-265. Epub 2019 Apr 22.

Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.

Inverted urothelial papilloma (IUP) and urothelial papilloma (UP) are rare urothelial neoplasms that typically follow a benign clinical course. Oncogenic mutations in FGFR3, HRAS, and the TERT promoter have been reported in these entities but no comprehensive molecular analysis has been performed. We sought to characterize the genomic landscape of IUP and UP using whole-exome and targeted next-generation sequencing. Read More

Urol J 2019 08 18;16(4):352-356. Epub 2019 Aug 18.

Department of urology. Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Purpose: There are some previous reports on the relationship between pathological grades and HPV detection. To determine the Human Papilloma Virus(HPV)  DNA in Tumor Tissue and Urine in Different Stage of Bladder Cancer conducted this study.Materials and Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect general HPV and HPV16 and 18 subtypes in 110 bladder tumor tissue and urine specimens of patients with TCC of bladder between January 2014 to May 2016 that underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor. Read More

Sci Rep 2018 10 19;8(1):15477. Epub 2018 Oct 19.

Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.

Copy number alterations and loss of heterozygosity are associated with increasing tumor grade and bladder cancer stage. Our previous study suggested that co-expression of Ki-67 and p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) could provide an indicator of an abnormal DNA damage response (DDR) pathway. The present study investigated 53BP1 expression as a novel molecular marker in urothelial carcinoma (UC) using bladder tissues with in total of 40 cases including a normal urothelium, urothelial papilloma, low-grade UC, or high-grade UC. Read More

Turk Patoloji Derg 2019 ;35(1):22-27

Department of Pathology, 1Sultanbeyli State Hospital, ISTANBUL, TURKEY.

Objective: Nested variant is bland-looking but aggressive subtype of urothelial carcinoma (UC). Cases having significant muscle invasion do not cause problems but small and superficial biopsies may be challenging due to morphological similarities between nested variant urothelial carcinoma and benign urothelial lesions.

Material And Method: We studied Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1), which is an integral membrane protein providing glucose pass through plasma membrane down its concentration gradient, to see if it is useful for the differential diagnosis. Read More

J Surg Case Rep 2018 Jun 15;2018(6):rjy125. Epub 2018 Jun 15.

Department of Urological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Inverted papilloma of the urinary tract is a rare benign lesion. A 59-year-old male who presented with the chief complaint of gross hematuria and acute urinary retention is described. Cystoscopy revealed a solitary, papillary tumor at the bladder neck. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2018 May 7;12(1):121. Epub 2018 May 7.

AkhmetYassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Clinical Diagnostic Center, Turkestan, Kazakhstan.

Background: Pelvic dystopia of rudimentary multicystic dysplastic kidney as a rare cause of bedwetting in children.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a 14-year-old Kazakh girl who presented with difficulty in starting the stream of urine and intermittent interruption of the urinary stream while voiding as well as bedwetting, caused by a rare congenital disease (pelvic dystopia of rudimentary multicystic dysplastic kidney). The diagnostic workup, differential diagnosis, and management, and a review of the literature are presented. Read More

Bull Cancer 2018 Jun 1;105(6):556-561. Epub 2018 May 1.

Ospedale dei Bambini V. Buzzi, Pediatric Surgery Department, Via Castelvetro 32, 20154 Milano, Italy.

Objective: To report a series of 5 patients with urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) three of them with a history of exposure to amines and only two with gross hematuria.

Materials And Methods: After obtaining ethical and legal authorization, we performed a restrospective monocentric study. We collected information of patients with UBC over a period of 10 years. Read More

Urology 2018 Jun 12;116:e5-e6. Epub 2018 Mar 12.

Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.

Inverted papilloma of the prostatic urethra is an especially rare finding. A 75-year-old man with urinary retention wished to proceed with a holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) and was found to have a mass arising from his prostate vs bladder on preoperative imaging. Cystourethroscopy revealed the mass arising from the median lobe of the prostate. Read More

Ann Diagn Pathol 2019 Jun 17;40:182-188. Epub 2017 Dec 17.

Department of Oncologic Pathology and Prophylactics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Oncologic Pathology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poland.

Tumours of the urinary tract are the fifth most frequent type of cancer. The most common types are urothelial tumours, among which, non-invasive urothelial neoplasms represent 45% of all cases. The 2016 WHO classification of urinary tract tumours introduced new classifications of non-invasive lesions. Read More