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Prim Care 2022 Mar 5;49(1):145-161. Epub 2022 Jan 5.

Department of Family Medicine, Offutt AFB/UNMC Family Medicine Residency Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Medicine, 983075 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-3075, USA.

Primary care physicians are often the first to evaluate patients with extremity injuries. Identification of fractures and sprains and their proper management is paramount. After appropriate imaging is obtained, immobilization and determination of definitive management, either nonoperative or operative, is critical. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2019 Apr;39(4):e245-e247

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.

Introduction: Following closed reduction and initial casting of pediatric forearm fractures, loss of reduction (LOR) occurs in ∼5% to 75% of fractures. Sugar-tong splinting has been shown to maintain acceptable reduction in pediatric distal radius fractures while potentially avoiding issues associated with circumferential casting. We hypothesized that the sugar-tong splint would be an acceptable method for initial immobilization to prevent LOR in distal, mid-shaft, and proximal pediatric forearm fractures. Read More

Pediatr Emerg Care 2012 Nov;28(11):1150-3

Department of Orthopaedics, Shriners Hospital for Children, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to determine if Gartland type I supracondylar humerus (SCH) fractures undergo significant displacement resulting in a change in management when treated with a long-arm splint. Secondary objectives included measured changes at follow-up in displacement and/or angulation.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of children who presented with elbow injuries to a children's hospital. Read More

Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2009 Oct-Dec;113(4):1155-9

Facultatea de Medicină, Disciplina de Ortopedie-Traumatologie, Universitatea de Medicină si Farmacie "Gr.T. Popa" Iaşi.

Unlabelled: Internal fixation by pinning is one of the most used methods of surgical treatment in fractures of the distal extremity of the radius. As in stable fractures a styloid pinning is satisfactory, in unstable fractures however we must resort to different patterns of pin insertion, in order to effectively prevent the secondary displacement of the fractured fragments. The elastic pinning described by Py and Desmanet is one of the possibilities of inserting the pins. Read More

Sports Med 1993 Aug;16(2):130-47

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York.

Peripheral nerve lesions are uncommon but serious injuries which may delay or preclude an athlete's safe return to sports. Early, accurate anatomical diagnosis is essential. Nerve lesions may be due to acute injury (e. Read More