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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021 May 30;30(8):105882. Epub 2021 May 30.

Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Radiology, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215-5400, USA.

We draw attention to a unique presentation, severe unilateral loss of limb proprioception, in patients with medullary and rostral spinal cord infarction. Two patients developed acute severe proprioceptive loss in the limbs ipsilateral to infarcts that involved the caudal medulla and rostral spinal cord. They also had symptoms and signs often found in lateral medullary infarction. Read More

Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2021 May 29. Epub 2021 May 29.

The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis-University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL. Electronic address:

Objectives: (1) Describe the prevalence cardiometabolic disease (CMD) at spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation discharge; (2) compare this with non-SCI controls; (3) identify factors associated with increased CMD.

Design: Multicenter, prospective observational study.

Setting: Five NIDILRR Model SCI Rehabilitation Centers. Read More

Reg Anesth Pain Med 2021 May 26. Epub 2021 May 26.

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Daejeon St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)

Background: Transforaminal epidural steroid injection is widely used in clinical practice to effectively deliver injectate into the ventral epidural space. Complications associated with intravascular injection such as spinal cord infarction and paraplegia can occur during transforaminal epidural steroid injection. To improve the safety of the procedure, avoidance of intravascular injection is crucial, for which appropriate needle selection is important. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2021 4;2021:5532116. Epub 2021 May 4.

Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.

Repulsive guidance molecule-a (RGMa) is a member of glycosylphosphatidylinositol- (GPI-) anchored protein family, which has axon guidance function and is widely involved in the development and pathological processes of the central nervous system (CNS). On the one hand, the binding of RGMa and its receptor Neogenin can regulate axonal guidance, differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons, and the survival of these cells; on the other hand, RGMa can inhibit functional recovery of CNS by inhibiting axonal growth. A number of studies have shown that RGMa may be involved in the pathogenesis of CNS diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum diseases, cerebral infarction, spinal cord injury, Parkinson's disease, and epilepsy. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2021 Jun 31;88:47-51. Epub 2021 Mar 31.

National Neuroscience Institute, Department of Neurology, Singapore.

Objective: This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with sulcal artery syndrome, and between those with vertebral artery dissection against those without.

Methods: We report three cases of sulcal artery syndrome without vertebral artery dissection, performed a systematic review and retrospective analysis of the characteristics of patients with sulcal artery syndrome in available literature, and compared the clinical features of those with vertebral artery dissection against those without.

Results: We report 3 patients with sulcal artery syndrome, and analysed them with 17 other cases identified in literature between January 1990 till April 2020. Read More

Acta Biomed 2021 04 30;92(S1):e2021080. Epub 2021 Apr 30.

Emergency Department, University Hospital of Parma, Italy.

Spinal cord infarction is a rare but severe disorder, consistently less frequent than ischemic brain injury. It constitutes only 1-2% of all neurological vascular emergencies. Here we describe a case of spinal cord infarction in a 68-year-old Caucasian man without any neurological problem in his clinical history. Read More

J Vasc Surg 2021 Apr 30. Epub 2021 Apr 30.

Imperial Vascular Unit, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Department of Interventional Radiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK. Electronic address:

Introduction: Thoracic endovascular aortic repair with a scallop design (scallop-TEVAR) is a useful treatment strategy to extend the proximal landing zone (PLZ), whilst maintaining perfusion to one or more of the supra-aortic trunks when treating aortic pathology with an unfavourable PLZ. The durability of this approach with the Bolton Relay scallop endograft (Terumo Aortic, Sunrise, Florida, United States) has not been established.

Methods: A retrospective review of prospectively collected data on consecutive patients that received scallop-TEVAR in zones 0-2 at a tertiary aortic unit was undertaken. Read More

Cells 2021 Apr 20;10(4). Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.

Muse cells are non-tumorigenic endogenous reparative pluripotent cells with high therapeutic potential. They are identified as cells positive for the pluripotent surface marker SSEA-3 in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and connective tissue. Muse cells also express other pluripotent stem cell markers, are able to differentiate into cells representative of all three germ layers, self-renew from a single cell, and are stress tolerant. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Apr;100(17):e25751

Department of Neurology.

Abstract: Disrupted blood-brain barrier (BBB) in patients with ischemic stroke plays a critical role in malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMI) development.Cerebral white matter changes (WMC), particularly in the deep subcortical area or in severe one, may be also underlain by disrupted BBB. It is unclear whether the presence of WMC with potential premorbid disruption of BBB makes patients susceptible to MMI. Read More

Neurol Clin 2021 05;39(2):489-512

Division of Neurology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA; Department of Neurology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA. Electronic address:

Vascular and infectious causes are rare but important causes of spinal cord injury. High suspicion for these processes is necessary, as symptoms may progress over hours to days, resulting in delayed presentation and diagnosis and worse outcomes. History and clinical examination findings can assist with localization of the affected vascular territory and spinal level, which will assist with focusing spinal imaging. Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021 Apr 22;22(1):377. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokkaido Spinal Cord Injury Center, Higashi-4, Minami-1, 3-1, Bibai, Hokkaido, 072-0015, Japan.

Background: Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) are commonly observed in elderly people and can be treated by conservatively with minimal risk of complications in most cases. However, utilization of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) increases the risks of secondary hematoma even after insignificant trauma. The use of DOACs increased over the past decade because of their approval and recommendation for both stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation and treatment of venous thromboembolism. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2021 May 8;87:89-91. Epub 2021 Mar 8.

Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address:

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has a number of emerging neurological manifestations in addition to pneumonia and respiratory distress. In what follows, we describe a case of a previously healthy young man with severe COVID-19 who subsequently developed an acute flaccid paralysis. Work up revealed a lesion in his cervical spinal cord concerning for spinal infarction or transverse myelitis. Read More

Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021 Apr 23;64:102219. Epub 2021 Mar 23.

Department of Surgery, Department of Vascular, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.

Background: Endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) is obviously less invasive than open aortic repair (OAR) for the treatment of infra-renal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). However, it is not free of complications which can potentially result in severe morbidity or even mortality. The purpose of this study was to share our single-center experience with stent-graft related and systemic complications associated with EVAR. Read More

Spinal Cord Ser Cases 2021 Apr 13;7(1):28. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

H. Ben Taub Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.

Introduction: There have been 30 clinically suspected cases and 41 histopathologically confirmed cases of fibrocartilaginous embolism (FCE) reported in the literature. FCE often has a poor prognosis and is estimated to represent 5.5% of spinal cord infarctions, but may be more common than initially presumed given underdiagnosis due to its vague clinical presentation. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2021 Jul 10;139:111553. Epub 2021 Apr 10.

Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:

miR-379 is a miRNA transcribed from the MIR379 locus on 14q32.31. This miRNA is located in an evolutionarily conserved miRNA cluster in an imprinted region that contains DLK1 and DIO3 genes. Read More

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021 Jun 3;30(6):105764. Epub 2021 Apr 3.

Departments of Neurology: University of Utah, MUSC, Johns Hopkins University, University of Chicago, MGH, 175 N. Medical Dr, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA. Electronic address:

Background: The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) randomized patients to a goal systolic blood pressure (SBP) <120 mm Hg vs. <140 mm Hg. In a subset of participants, the SPRINT MIND ancillary study performed a baseline MRI and measured white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHv). Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Mar 30;14(3). Epub 2021 Mar 30.

Medical, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Seberang Jaya, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.

We report a case of a 20-year-old man who was diagnosed with spontaneous spinal cord infarction after abusing methamphetamine for a year. He presented with sudden onset of bilateral upper and lower limb weakness. His MRI spine showed a long segment of high signal intensity seen predominantly in the anterior spinal cord from medulla to mid thoracic level as well as a pencil-like hyperintensity seen postcontrast suggestive of spinal cord ischaemia or infarct. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2021 Apr 11;81:105748. Epub 2021 Mar 11.

Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.

Introduction And Importance: Common carotid artery (CCA) dissection is a minor complication during aortic arch replacement (AAR). Although endovascular treatment can be considered for symptomatic CCA dissection despite internal therapy, no report has mentioned about carotid stenting for CCA dissection after vascular graft replacement.

Case Presentation: The patient was a 68-year-old man presented with recurrent transient right hemiparesis. Read More

Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021 05 17;528:111244. Epub 2021 Mar 17.

Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China. Electronic address:

Background: The main pathological feature of acute spinal cord injury (ASCI) is neuronal apoptosis and Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) myocardial infarction-related transcript (MIAT) is involved in the regulation of neuronal apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate the role and potential mechanism of LncRNA MIAT in neuronal apoptosis induced by ASCI.

Methods: After Lenti-MIAT lentivirus was microinjected into ASCI rats, Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan Score, Hematoxylin-eosin staining, TUNEL staining, immunohistochemical, immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot were used to observe the effect of LncRNA MIAT on the nerve function of ASCI rats. Read More

Sci Rep 2021 Mar 17;11(1):6654. Epub 2021 Mar 17.

Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021 Mar 12;22(1):270. Epub 2021 Mar 12.

Department of Pathology, Yeungnam University Hospital, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea.

Background: Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare, idiopathic, systemic non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis involving long bone and visceral organs. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is uncommon and most cases develop as a part of systemic disease. We present a rare case of variant ECD as an isolated intramedullary tumor. Read More

Rev Neurol 2021 Mar;72(6):221-222

Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.

J Spinal Cord Med 2021 Mar 11:1-15. Epub 2021 Mar 11.

Department of Neurology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.

Context: Recent literature points towards myelitis, like encephalitis, as a common central nervous system complication of COVID-19. This review elaborates on disorders of the spinal cord caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Objectives: To review the published data about SARS-CoV-2-associated spinal cord disorders and assess their clinical, neuroimaging, treatment, and prognostic aspects. Read More

J Vasc Surg 2021 Mar 5. Epub 2021 Mar 5.

Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.

Objective: In the present study, we sought to discern the effects of splanchnic occlusive disease (SOD; renal, superior mesenteric, and/or celiac axis arteries) on spinal cord injury (SCI; paraparesis or paraplegia) and major adverse events (MAE) after descending thoracic aneurysm (DTA) and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) open repair.

Methods: Patients who had undergone DTA/TAAA repair at our institution were dichotomized according to the presence of SOD, which was investigated as a predictive factor of our primary (SCI) and secondary (operative mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, tracheostomy, de novo dialysis, MAE, survival) endpoints. Risk adjustment used both propensity score matching and multivariable logistic regression. Read More

Handb Clin Neurol 2021 ;177:221-239

Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.

Neurologic complications of diseases of the aorta are common, as the brain and spinal cord function is highly dependent on the aorta and its branches for blood supply. Any disease impacting the aorta may have significant impact on the ability to deliver oxygenated blood to the central nervous system, resulting in ischemia-and if prolonged-cerebral and spinal infarct. The breadth of pathology affecting the aorta is diverse and neurologic complications can vary dramatically based on the location, severity, and underlying etiology. Read More

Oxid Med Cell Longev 2021 2;2021:6632411. Epub 2021 Feb 2.

Department of Anatomy and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing 100191, China.

Methylene blue, the FDA-grandfathered drug was proved to be neuroprotective in ischemic stroke in rat. However, the mechanism of the protective effect was unknown. In this study, we used different animal models to investigate the effect of MB administration given within and beyond the therapeutic time window on behavioral deficits and infarct volume and related mechanism about the white matter protection. Read More

Neurologia (Engl Ed) 2021 Feb 10. Epub 2021 Feb 10.

Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España.

Introduction: Spinal cord infarction is a rare disease with a high rate of morbidity. Its diagnosis can be challenging and controversy remains regarding the best treatment. Few case series have been published. Read More

Radiologe 2021 Mar 13;61(3):263-266. Epub 2021 Feb 13.

Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Bremen-Mitte/Bremen-Ost, 28205, Bremen, Deutschland.

Spinal cord ischemia is a rare disease with a poor prognosis. As with cerebral ischemia, spinal infarction typically presents with sudden symptom onset and variable clinical manifestation (depending on the lesion location). The majority of spinal ischemias occur in the supply territory of the anterior spinal artery, involving the anterior and middle third of the myelon. Read More

Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2021 Feb 13. Epub 2021 Feb 13.

University Department for Cardiac Surgery, Leipzig Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany.

Lakartidningen 2021 02 5;118. Epub 2021 Feb 5.

specialistläkare, Neurologiska kliniken, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset Solna , Institutionen för klinisk neurovetenskap, Karolinska Institutet.

Spinal cord infarction (SCI) causes acute spinal cord dysfunction with high morbidity. Without an inciting event such as a surgical procedure, a definitive diagnosis may be challenging. Thus, patients with a spontaneous (i e, non-traumatic, non-surgical) SCI are often misdiagnosed and the radiological distinction between SCI and other conditions with similar symptoms is more difficult than in cerebral infarction. Read More