Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

J Dent Res 2022 Apr 11:220345221086272. Epub 2022 Apr 11.

National Institute on Drug Abuse, Kelly Government Solutions, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Tobacco use is a well-established risk factor for multiple adverse oral conditions. Few nationally representative oral health data sets encompass the current diversity of tobacco and nicotine products. This investigation examines the validity of oral health measures in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study to assess relationships between tobacco use and oral health. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2021 Sep-Dec;25(3):551-552. Epub 2022 Jan 11.

Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S.Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Introduction: Candida is most common fungal pathogen in the immunocompromised and medically ill patients. Higher prevalence of has been reported in tobacco users and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients which may be due to immunosuppression. Recently, emergence of (NAC) species resistant to conventional antifungal treatment has been observed that requires accurate identification of organisms at species level for reduction of progression of suspicious oral lesions toward malignancy. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2021 Sep-Dec;25(3):478-484. Epub 2022 Jan 11.

Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Government Dental College and Hospital, St. George Hospital Campus, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Background: It has been reported that oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is associated with the presence of potentially malignant disorders (PMDs) in 15%-48% of cases. Among PMDs, oral leukoplakia (OL) is the most common, with 16%-62% of cases associated with OSCC. Hence, in the present study, we have analyzed demographic data and re-evaluated immunohistochemical (IHC) data of OL cases and aimed to correlate the clinical, histopathological and IHC aspects of OL. Read More

Saudi Dent J 2022 Feb 8;34(2):114-120. Epub 2021 Dec 8.

Department of Oral and Diagnostic Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Dentistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: Smokeless tobacco (SLT) causes significant harm to the oral cavity and is considered a risk factor for oral cancer. Various forms, products, and patterns of SLT are used across different populations. Many products, such as nicotine and betel nut, have addictive and carcinogenic properties. Read More

JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2021 Nov 15;59(243):1204-1206. Epub 2021 Nov 15.

Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal.

Tobacco and its various forms cause major oral health problems. Tobacco either in smoked or smokeless forms is prevalent in Nepal and counts as a risk factor for the causation of various red and white lesions, premalignant lesions, oral cancers, gingival and periodontal diseases. Tobacco in conjunction with other risk factors adds a potential threat to oral diseases and its timely control is a cure to those threats. Read More

J Contemp Dent Pract 2021 Sep 1;22(9):975-978. Epub 2021 Sep 1.

Department of Community Medicine, Andaman and Nicobar Islands Institute of Medical Sciences (ANIIMS), Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India.

Aim: To determine the prevalence of tobacco use and oral mucosal lesions among Nicobarese tribal populations in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India.

Materials And Methods: Cross-sectional survey and oral examination were done in 400 Nicobari populations in Car Nicobar using the World Health Organization (WHO) format of Oral Health Questionnaire and Assessment forms. The data were then entered and statistical analysis was done using SPSS Inc. Read More

Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2021 Apr-Jun;19(74):210-215

Boston University, Hendry M Goldman School of Dental Medicine, USA.

Background Tobacco consumption is a leading cause of premature death in the world. Tobaccorelated deaths are associated with cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary diseases, oral potentially malignant disorders, cancer, others. Moreover there is also associated nicotine dependence which might result to numerous tobacco-associated diseases. Read More

Trop Doct 2022 Jan 18;52(1):53-60. Epub 2021 Nov 18.

Biocon Foundation, Bangalore, India.

In a rural block in North East India, community health workers (CHW) empowered with a mobile phone-based application screened a total of 2,686 participants for Oral Potentially Malignant Lesions (OPMLs), and an oral medicine specialist recommended treatment remotely. Independent risk factors were determined using independent multiple logistic regression models. Nearly 700 (26%) participants were identified with OPMLs. Read More

J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021 Nov;61(11):1555-1561

MDS, Public Health Dentistry, Bhubaneswar, India.

Dental trauma in the field of sports is the major linking channel between sports and dentistry. Sports dentistry is the branch of sports medicine that deals with the prevention of oral or facial athletic injuries, oral diseases and manifestations. Sports dentistry is also related to mild traumatic brain injuries during games and erosive lesions due to continuous intake of highly acidic sports and energy drinks. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2021 May-Aug;25(2):371. Epub 2021 Aug 31.

Oral Health Sciences Centre, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.

Causative linkages of tobacco use with oral potentially malignant disorders and cancers of oral cavity have been studied. Oral squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most common cancers in India. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) monograph found a significant association between smokeless tobacco (SLT) use and oral cancer. Read More

BMC Res Notes 2021 Oct 24;14(1):396. Epub 2021 Oct 24.

Division of Clinical Epidemiology, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health (NIOH), Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India.

Objectives: Financial protection mechanisms are in place to overcome the costs of a few diseases in India. Our objective was to estimate the costs incurred due to Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMD) and to determine predictors of such costs.

Results: We found that the median (Interquartile range IQR) total costs of OPMD was Indian Rupees (INR) 500 (350-750), direct medical costs was INR 0 (0-50), direct non-medical costs was INR 150 (40-200) and indirect costs was INR 350 (250-500). Read More

J Cutan Pathol 2021 Nov 1;48(11):1392-1396. Epub 2021 Jul 1.

Department of Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma, Barcelona, Spain.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a precancerous condition of the oral cavity associated with habitual chewing of quid, with a high incidence among populations of the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. Clinically, its initial manifestation may mimic oral lichen planus or lichen sclerosus. If the habit is not halted, the mucosa gets leathery and thickened, and fibrous bands form causing significant morbidity. Read More

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021 Jun 10;105(12):4843-4853. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE M.S. S110-03, Atlanta, GA, 30341-3717, USA.

Smokeless tobacco products (STP) contain diverse microbial communities that contribute to the formation of harmful chemical byproducts. This is concerning since 300 million individuals around the globe are users of smokeless tobacco. Significant evidence has shown that microbial metabolic activities mediate the formation of carcinogens during manufacturing. Read More

Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021 07 11;59(6):690-694. Epub 2020 Sep 11.

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Baqai Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is an insidious chronic disease of the oral mucosa that is characterised by severely limited mouth opening, blanching of the oral mucosa, and a burning sensation in the oral cavity. Consumption of betel nut and/or gutka are the known risk factors. We undertook this study to correlate the frequency and duration of gutka intake with the severity of OSMF and to determine the predictors of severe OSMF (mouth opening <20mm). Read More

J Family Med Prim Care 2021 Jan 30;10(1):572-577. Epub 2021 Jan 30.

Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sathyabama Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India.

Background: Globally, the sixth most common malignancy is oral cancer, which is predominantly due to consumption of potent, proven carcinogens which includes smoking and smokeless form of tobacco and areca nut. Habits associated oral malignancies are mostly preceded by clinically asymptomatic oral lesions collectively referred under the umbrella term as oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). There is a delayed presentation of oral pre cancer and oral cancer in India, as approximately 50% of patients are diagnosed at last stage since the asymptomatic pre cancer lesions are missed by oral physicians/dentists either due to lack of timely communication and habit counseling, lack of knowledge, or inappropriate attitude, putting all in a nut shell --- sheer lack of empathy and commitment towards patient care and society. Read More

Head Neck Pathol 2021 Dec 26;15(4):1172-1184. Epub 2021 Apr 26.

Department of Oral Medicine Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.

Background: Irritant contact stomatitis (ICS) and contact hypersensitivity stomatitis (CHS) are often caused by alcohol, flavoring agents and additives in dentifrices and foods, and contactants with high or low pH. A well-recognized contactant for ICS is Listerine™ mouthwash, while that for CHS is cinnamic aldehyde. However, many other flavoring agents and even smokeless tobacco are contactants that cause mucosal lesions that are entirely reversible. Read More

Ann Maxillofac Surg 2020 Jul-Dec;10(2):488-490. Epub 2020 Jul 2.

Department of Orthodontics and, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.

The diagnosis of oral white lesions might be quite challenging. White lesions are only 5% of all oral pathologies. Smokeless tobacco (ST), also known as tobacco chewing, spit tobacco, dip, plug, or chew, is one of the well-documented agents that causes white lesions. Read More

J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2020 Oct-Dec;32(4):527-530

Department of Pathology, Al-Tibri Medical College, Isra University Karachi Campus, Pakistan.

Background: To determine staining expression of CK5\6 in healthy oral mucosa and various grades of oral dysplasia and to find out possible association of CK5\6 expression in dysplastic transformation of clinically normal oral mucosa to various grades of oral dysplasia.

Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was done at Al-Tibri Medical College and Hospital and Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi from March 2018 to November 2018. It included 120 diagnosed paraffin embedded tissue samples of normal oral mucosa and various grades of oral epithelial dysplastic lesions. Read More

J Family Med Prim Care 2020 Sep 30;9(9):5004-5009. Epub 2020 Sep 30.

Director, CHRE-UK, London.

Context: Vulnerable population groups such as migrant workers are identified as emerging high-risk groups for oral cancer owing to the high prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption. Premature deaths due to oral cancer can be prevented by screening the population with high tobacco consumption practices and detecting early reversible stages of oral mucosal cavity lesions and facilitating linkages for further care.

Aim: To assess prevalence of potentially malignant oral mucosal cavity lesions among tobacco consuming migrant construction workers in sub-urban Chennai, India. Read More

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020 Dec 12;104(24):10613-10629. Epub 2020 Nov 12.

Division of Laboratory Sciences, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE MS 110-03, Atlanta, GA, 30341-3717, USA.

Smokeless tobacco products (STP) contain bacteria, mold, and fungi due to exposure from surrounding environments and tobacco processing. This has been a cause for concern since the presence of microorganisms has been linked to the formation of highly carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines. These communities have also been reported to produce toxins and other pro-inflammatory molecules that can cause mouth lesions and elicit inflammatory responses in STP users. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2020 Apr-Jun;16(3):463-469

Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, A. J. Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

Background: Tobacco practice in relation with oral diseases is a foremost cause for the global oral disease burden and is accountable for up to 50% of all periodontitis cases among adults. The present cross-sectional study was undertaken to evaluate the local effects of various types of smokeless tobacco on periodontal health in tobacco pouch keratosis (TPK) patients in Mangalore city in the state of Karnataka.

Materials And Methods: A total of 345 TPK patients were evaluated of which all were smokeless tobacco users. Read More

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020 Jun 1;21(6):1615-1622. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

Department of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India.

Background: The prevalence of tobacco chewing, and related oral mucosal lesions is alarmingly high amongst the Paniya tribes of Wayanad. A deeper understanding of their socio-cultural factors, beliefs, attitudes and behaviours would shed greater insights into the indiscriminate use of smokeless tobacco and related products in this community.

Methods: Ethnography was the theoretical framework adopted with network and convenience sampling. Read More

Cancer Control 2020 Jan-Dec;27(1):1073274820914659

Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, Delhi, India.

Tobacco menace is responsible for significant mortality and morbidity worldwide. Smokeless tobacco (SLT) is consumed in more than 140 countries, thus is emerging as a global problem. Several adverse health outcomes like oropharyngeal, oesophageal, and pancreatic cancers; oral potentially malignant lesions; diabetes mellitus; cardiovascular diseases; mental illness; osteopenia; low birth weight; preterm births; small for gestation age babies; and stillbirths are attributed to SLT usage. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2019 Sep-Dec;23(3):344-348

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Adhiparasakthi Dental College and Hospital, Melmaruvathur, Tamil Nadu, India.

Background: Elevated salivary alkaline phosphatase (S-ALP) levels have been observed in oral squamous cell carcinoma, but its status in tobacco users and in individuals with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) is less explored.

Aims And Objectives: The aims and objectives were to estimate and compare the levels of S-ALP among tobacco users, nonusers and in individuals with OPMD.

Materials And Methods: The study population comprised 42 individuals, categorized into four groups with/without tobacco usage habit and with/without lesion. Read More

Ann Maxillofac Surg 2019 Jul-Dec;9(2):247-252

Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Rajarajeshwari Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Introduction: Oral submucous fibrosis is a chronic debilitating condition with potential for malignant transformation. Squamous cell carcinoma arising from a background of oral submucous fibrosis presents clinically as a distinct disease due to different etiopathogenesis.

Methodology: This prospective case series describes thirty cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) alongside oral submucous fibrosis (OSF). Read More

Indian J Dent Res 2019 Sep-Oct;30(5):652-655

Department of Public Health Dentistry, Triveni Institute of Dental Sciences, Hospital & Research Centre, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India.

Background: Oral mucous membrane is an integral part of the complex oral cavity which is associated with maintenance of oral as well as general body health. Oral mucosal lesion (OML) is one of the most prevalent diseases in India, which is caused by consumption of smokeless and smoked forms of tobacco.

Aim: To assess the prevalence of OMLs and their association with pattern of tobacco use among patients visiting dental institution in Bhilai. Read More

Harm Reduct J 2019 11 27;16(1):62. Epub 2019 Nov 27.

Imperial Brands Plc, 121 Winterstoke Road, Bristol, BS3 2LL, UK.

Snus is an oral smokeless tobacco product which is usually placed behind the upper lip, either in a loose form or in portioned sachets, and is primarily used in Sweden and Norway. The purpose of this review is to examine the reported effects of snus use in relation to specified health effects, namely lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, pancreatic cancer, diabetes, oral cancer and non-neoplastic oral disease. The review also examines the harm reduction potential of snus as an alternative to cigarettes by comparing the prevalence of snus use and cigarette smoking, and the reported incidence of tobacco-related diseases across European Union countries. Read More

Oral Dis 2019 Oct 19;25(7):1724-1734. Epub 2019 Aug 19.

Department of Preventive Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India.

Objectives: Oral cavity cancers are fourth most common cancers among Indian women. The objectives were to create cancer awareness (CA) and screen tobacco-using women for oral cavity cancers.

Materials And Methods: A community-based CA and screening programme was conducted among women in Mumbai, India. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2019 Jul-Sep;15(3):620-624

Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Nalgonda, Telangana, India.

Background And Objectives: Quid-chewing habit is a common and old tradition in India. It causes various potentially malignant disorders. Therefore, a study was undertaken to analyze the association of various quid-chewing habit patterns and different oromucosal lesions. Read More