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Oncol Res Treat 2018 Dec 12;42(1-2). Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Introduction: Breast cancer is responsible for more than 50% of cutaneous metastases. One of the treatment options is electrochemotherapy (ECT). It is an effective method of local tumor ablation through the application of electroporation. Read More

Cell Physiol Biochem 2018 11;51(5):2456-2471. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Background/aims: Skin photoaging is primarily caused by the functional attrition of skin stem cells. The skin stem cell niche plays an important role in maintaining stem cell survival and behaviour. In our study, we hypothesized that UVB irradiation induces skin photoaging by changing skin stem cell niches and that transferred adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) can remodel the niches by affecting the BMP signalling pathway and transdifferentiating into skin stem cells. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2018 Dec 8;110:582-593. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Electronic address:

Skin color disorders can be caused by various factors, such as excessive exposure to sunlight, aging and hormonal imbalance during pregnancy, or taking some medications. Kojic acid (KA) is a natural metabolite produced by fungi that has the ability to inhibit tyrosinase activity in synthesis of melanin. The major applications of KA and its derivatives in medicine are based on their biocompatibility, antimicrobial and antiviral, antitumor, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-speck, anti-parasitic, and pesticidal and insecticidal properties. Read More

J Hosp Infect 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Southampton, UK.

Background: Widespread antibiotic resistance has led to fears that we are entering a pre-antibiotic era and the relatively simple premise of hand washing to reduce transfer of bacteria and viruses has never been more important. Much of the emphasis has been on handwashing technique, type of soap and maintaining compliance but effective drying of the hands is just as important.

Aim: To compare the efficacy of drying washed hands with a jet air dryer or paper towels to remove transient bacterial contamination and to determine the effect on residential flora. Read More

Eur J Pharmacol 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Centre of Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland; LinkoCare Life Sciences AB, Sweden; Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR4301 CNRS CS80054, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orleans cedex 2, France.

The latest findings indicate the huge therapeutic potential of stem cells in regenerative medicine, including the healing of chronic wounds. Main stem cell types involved in wound healing process are: epidermal and dermal stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). In the therapy of chronic wounds, they can be administrated either topically or using different matrix like hydrogels, scaffolds, dermal substitutes and extracellular matrix (ECM) derivatives. Read More

Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Institute for Trauma Recovery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

Co-morbid chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMSP) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) are frequent sequelae of motor vehicle collision, are associated with greater disability than either outcome alone, and are more prevalent in women than men. In the current study we assessed for evidence that gene transcripts originating from the X chromosome contribute to sex differences in vulnerability to CMSP and PTSS after motor vehicle collision. Nested samples were drawn from a longitudinal study of African American individuals, and CMSP (0-10 numeric rating scale) and PTSS (impact of events scale, revised) outcomes were assessed 6 months following motor vehicle collision. Read More

Head Neck 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: This study examined the potential use of our newly developed prevascularized oral mucosal cell sheet for the treatment of skin wounds.

Methods: Mucosal cell sheets containing cultured keratinocytes and plasma fibrin without (K sheet) or with a mixture of fibroblasts and endothelial progenitor cells (PV sheet) were transplanted into full-thickness skin excisional wounds of nude mice.

Results: This technique was successful for in vitro culture; expanding keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial progenitor cells; and generating prevascularized mucosal cell sheets. Read More

Am J Primatol 2018 Dec;80(12):e22935

Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.

Vitamin D adequacy is essential for multiple physiologic processes. With limited exposure to sunlight for vitamin D synthesis, captive primates are supplemented with vitamin D (cholecalciferol). Vitamin D metabolite data from wild primates living indigenously could suggest optimum levels. Read More

J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2018 Dec;16(12):1425-1432

Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.

The nomenclature system agreed upon by the Chapel Hill Consensus Conference (CHCC) with respect to the terminology and precise definition of the various types of vasculitis has gained widespread interdisciplinary and international acceptance. As the revised version from 2012 (CHCC 2012) does not address the special features of vasculitis of the skin, it has recently been supplemented with an addendum containing the nomenclature of cutaneous vasculitides (D-CHCC). The present article provides the German translation of the terms and defintions of the D-CHCC as well as additional explanatory comments. Read More

Microbiol Immunol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Microbiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan.

Trichodysplasia spinulosa associated polyomavirus (TSPyV), a newly identified polyomavirus has been implicated as a causative agent of trychodysplasia spinulosa (TS), a rare proliferative skin disease in severly immunocompromised hosts. The diagnosis using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has been provided as a promising tool as it offers high specificity towards specific antigen. Till there is no good mAb available for diagnosis of TS disease. Read More

J Dermatol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases, Shandong University, Jinan, China.

J Sci Food Agric 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

DIBAF, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy.

Background And Aims: In wine production, the temperature control is important and cooling techniques are frequently used to cool down grape must. Grape compound extraction is facilitated by enzymatic cell wall (CW) disassembly, thus our hypothesis has been that using alternating temperature could favor enzyme activity and, thus, berry compound extraction.

Methods And Results: White wine grapes (cvs 'Falanghina' and 'Fiano') were kept at 4°C or at alternating temperature (4 and 20°C with 6 h interval) for 24 h. Read More

Pediatr Dermatol 2018 Dec 9. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Department of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.

A pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE)-like phenotype develops in a subset of patients with inherited hemoglobinopathies. Although PXE tissue changes are thought to develop in the absence of ABCC6 mutations in patients with beta-thalassemia, ABCC6 mutations have not been well evaluated among sickle cell disease patients with PXE-like disease. To our knowledge, we describe the first patient with sickle cell disease, PXE skin findings, and two confirmed pathogenic ABCC6 mutations. Read More

Contact Dermatitis 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Cutaneous Allergy, St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

There is a lack of published data on the role of patch testing in patients with so-called multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), also known as idiopathic environmental intolerances (IEI). This disputed chronic condition is characterised by symptoms that the affected person attributes to low-level exposures to commonly used chemicals. Symptoms are typically vague and non-specific and may include fatigue, headaches, nausea, dizziness, a sensation of skin burning or pain. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 6;12:CD009362. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

School of Nursing & Midwifery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin, Ireland, D2.

Background: Pressure ulcers, localised injuries to the skin or underlying tissue, or both, occur when people cannot reposition themselves to relieve pressure on bony prominences. These wounds are difficult to heal, painful, expensive to manage and have a negative impact on quality of life. Prevention strategies include nutritional support and pressure redistribution. Read More

Int J Dermatol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, TX, USA.

A number of pruritic skin conditions arising in immunocompromised patients are associated with viral infection. Recently, human polyomavirus 7 (HPyV7) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of eruptive pruritic parakeratotic and dyskeratotic dermatoses with distinct "peacock plumage" histology. While expression of HPyV7 viral protein, namely small tumor (sT) antigen, is prominent within lesional tissue, the functional role of HPyV7 in cutaneous pathobiology is not yet known. Read More

Head Neck 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa.

Background: Malignant melanomas on skin graft recipient sites are rare, with few cases reported in the literature.

Methods: We present a case report of a patient with recurrent cutaneous melanoma in the grafted anterolateral thigh flap of the tongue.

Results: A patient underwent hemiglossectomy with free flap reconstruction for squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Read More

J Cosmet Dermatol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

L-Cysteamine is a biological antioxidant produced during the coenzyme A metabolism cycle and is naturally present in all mammalian cells. The efficacy of topical cysteamine for the treatment of melasma has been recently shown in two double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled clinical trials. Herein, we report a 44-year-old patient with melasma resistant to Kligman's formula (Pigmanorm cream), who was successfully treated with topical cysteamine as a new depigmenting agent. Read More

Exp Dermatol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Exosomes are a type of endosome that can mediate communication between cells and the transport of cellular components such as microRNAs, mRNAs, proteins and DNA. Recently, exosomes have been under investigation for their significant roles in both healthy physiology and disease states. Herein, we review the role of exosomes in chronic inflammatory skin diseases and skin tumors, especially focusing on systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, bullous pemphigoid and melanoma. Read More

Exp Dermatol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.

Skin evolves essential appendages and indispensable types of cells that synergistically insulate the body from environmental insults. Residing in the specific regions in the skin such as epidermis, dermis and hair follicle, melanocytes perform an array of vital functions including defending the ultraviolet radiation and diversifying animal appearance. As one of the adult stem cells, melanocyte stem cells in the hair follicle bulge niche can proliferate, differentiate, and keep quiescence to control and coordinate tissue homeostasis, repair, and regeneration. Read More

J Ultrasound Med 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Dermatology , Puerta de Hierro Universitary Hospital, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.

Ultrasound elastography is an emerging imaging technique that provides an objective method to assess the relative or absolute stiffness of soft tissues. The authors have not found any description in the use of ultrasound elastography in vascular anomalies, and we want to share our experience in different cases with ultrasound elastography and its applications in these pathologies. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 8;12:CD009195. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Department of Medical Imaging, Gold Coast University Hospital, 1 Hospital Blvd, Southport, Queensland, Australia, 4215.

Background: Chronic limb-threatening ischaemia (CLTI) is a manifestation of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) that includes chronic ischaemic rest pain or ischaemic skin lesions, ulcers, or gangrene for longer than two weeks. The severity of the disease depends on the extent of arterial stenosis and the availability of collateral circulation. Treatment for CLTI aims to relieve ischaemic pain, heal ischaemic ulcers, prevent limb loss, improve quality of life, and prolong survival. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 9;12:CD012132. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 121 St. Stephens Green, Dublin, Ireland, 2.

Background: Pressure ulcers, which are a localised injury to the skin, or underlying tissue, or both, occur when people are unable to reposition themselves to relieve pressure on bony prominences. Pressure ulcers are often difficult to heal, painful, expensive to manage and have a negative impact on quality of life. While individual patient safety and quality care stem largely from direct healthcare practitioner-patient interactions, each practitioner-patient wound-care contact may be constrained or enhanced by healthcare organisation of services. Read More

Adv Healthc Mater 2018 Dec 10:e1800806. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA.

Tissue-engineered menisci hold promise as an alternative to allograft procedures but require a means of robust fixation to the native bone. The insertion of the meniscus into bone is critical for meniscal function and inclusion of a soft tissue-to-bone interface in a tissue engineered implant can aid in the fixation process. The native insertion is characterized by gradients in composition, tissue architecture, and cellular phenotype, which are all difficult to replicate. Read More

Acta Paediatr 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR.

Aim: We aimed to assess the influence of fasting insulin resistance on metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) prevalence in adolescents and to identify associated factors.

Methods: This retrospective, registry-based, cross-sectional study included 418 (51.9% girls) 10-18 year-old adolescents with obesity from a tertiary outpatient clinic in Sao Paulo, Brazil, between 2009 and 2013. Read More

Br J Dermatol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.

Background: Diagnosis of a surgical site infection (SSI) in dermatologic surgery can be entirely based on a subjective assessment according to the 4 criterion of the most common definition of an SSI, which was established by the US Centers for Disease Control (CDC).

Objectives: To investigate the interobserver agreement between dermatologists in their diagnosis of SSI of dermatosurgical wounds.

Methods: An international electronic photographic survey with eight photographs of wounds 1 week after full-thickness skin grafting (FTSG) was sent to dermatologists. Read More

J Cell Physiol 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Objectives: Impaired wound healing and skin dehydration are the mainstay of systemic sclerosis (SSc) cutaneous manifestations. Aquaporin-3 (AQP3) has a pivotal role in skin hydration and wound healing. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation is impaired in SSc fibroblasts. Read More

Exp Dermatol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U1021, Normal and Pathological Development of Melanocytes, Orsay, France.

Vitiligo is a chronic skin disease characterized by the appearance of zones of depigmentation. It is mostly described as an autoimmune disease in which the immune system destroys the melanocytes. Consistent with this origin, genetic studies have implicated genes encoding proteins mediating the immune response targeting melanocytes in the etiology of this disease, together with proteins specific to these cells. Read More

Br J Dermatol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, King's Meadow Campus, Lenton Lane, Nottingham, NG7 2NR.

Atopic eczema is one of the most burdensome skin diseases across the globe and affects up to 20% of children in the UK. The mainstay of treatment is regular use of emollients including leave-on emollients, soap substitutes and emollient bath additives. However, the lack of evidence to support the use of bath additives has led some to question their role in atopic eczema management. Read More

Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2018 Dec 9. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Purpose: Mitomycin C (MMC) plus standard 5-fluorouracil (FU) infusion in weeks 1 and 5 often contributes to radiotherapy interruptions and possibly less-than-ideal outcomes in anal cancer. This study was to evaluate alternative strategies for chemotherapy delivery that might be less toxic or more efficacious, and outcomes of patient-initiated treatment interruption for severe acute toxicity.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective, nonrandomized study for patients with T1-4N0-3M0 anal squamous carcinoma. Read More

Acta Paediatr 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica-SERGAS, CIBERER, IDIS, Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de CompostelaSpain.

Ichthyosis prematurity syndrome (IPS), or ichthyosis congenita type IV, is a rare syndromic form of autosomic recessive ichthyosis caused by mutations in fatty acid transport protein 4 (FATP4), also known as SLC27A4. Patients with a disrupted FATP4 gene are usually born prematurely with thick desquamating skin and other complications, such as neonatal asphyxia, eosinophilia and elevated serum immunoglobulin E levels. Symptoms become less severe after the first months of life, evolving to non-scaly ichthyosis with follicular hyperkeratosis in adulthood (1, 2). Read More

Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Dermatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung.

Background: Narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy is a widely used treatment for various dermatoses. The risk of skin cancer following long term NB-UVB phototherapy has rarely been explored in skin phototypes III-V.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide matched cohort study and identified a total of 22,891 psoriasis patients starting NB-UVB phototherapy from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database during the period 2000-2013. Read More

J Cosmet Dermatol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Albany Medical School, Albany, New York.

Background: Botulinum toxin (BTX) products continue to be widely used for facial rejuvenation. Variables to consider prior to BTX treatment include the anatomical area to be treated, gender, muscle mass, ethnicity, skin thickness, and the effects of aging.

Objective: To describe a treatment algorithm which has been developed for facial rejuvenation to help physicians to easily and systematically customize BTX treatment, and to describe its use in a large number of patients. Read More

Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.

Aicardi syndrome is a rare, severe neurodevelopmental disorder classically characterized by the triad of infantile spasms, central chorioretinal lacunae, and agenesis of the corpus callosum. Aicardi syndrome only affects females, with the exception of a few males with a 47, XXY chromosome constitution. All cases are de novo and the only cases of definitive recurrence in families are in identical twins. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2018 Dec 10:e12803. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Dermatology, University of Florida.

Treatment of recalcitrant warts in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR) can pose a therapeutic challenge for dermatologists. Successful treatment of recalcitrant warts can serve as secondary prevention for skin cancer in those with chronic immunosuppression. Given the heterogeneity of associated comorbid conditions in SOTR, clinical trials are difficult to conduct in this high-risk population, therefore, our clinical practice is mostly driven by observed responses from studies in immunocompetent patients or from case reports of immunocompromised patients. Read More

Exp Dermatol 2018 Dec;27 Suppl 2:3-58

J Bone Miner Res 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Calcium Research Laboratory, Metabolic Disorders and Complications Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada.

We review advancing and overlapping stages for our understanding of the expressions of six hyperparathyroid (HPT) syndromes: multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) or type 4, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A), hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome, familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia, neonatal severe primary hyperparathyroidism, and familial isolated hyperparathyroidism. During stage 1 (1903 to 1967), the introduction of robust measurement of serum calcium was a milestone that uncovered hypercalcemia as the first sign of dysfunction in many HPT subjects, and inheritability was reported in each syndrome. The earliest reports of HPT syndromes were biased toward severe or striking manifestations. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018 Nov;22(22):7819-7825

Department of Dermatology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China.

Objective: Skin cancer severely threatens the public health. Dual-specificity protein phosphatase 22 (DUSP22) characterizes with multiple roles regulating cell growth, proliferation and gaining. This study aims to investigate the regulatory role of DUSP22 on aging of skin cancer cells and clarify molecular mechanisms, along with potential application value. Read More

Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2018 Dec 7;40(12):749-756. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.

Objective:  To describe caffeine consumption during pregnancy and its association with low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth in the birth cohort of Ribeirão Preto, state of São Paulo, Brazil, in 2010.

Methods:  Cohort study, with descriptive and analytical approach. Data included 7,607 women and their newborns in Ribeirão Preto, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Read More

Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Merz Pharmaceuticals, Frankfurt, Germany.

Introduction: Combined cosmetic treatments are becoming increasingly popular. The objective of this clinical evaluation was to assess the long-term safety and efficacy of combining microfocused ultrasound with visualization (MFU-V) treatment with a calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) dermal filler to tighten skin at the submental region and contour the jawline.

Methods: Women with loss of contour and skin laxity in the lower face received MFU-V treatment. Read More

Curr Med Sci 2018 Dec 7;38(6):1038-1044. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Plastic Surgery, Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.

Marjolin's ulcer (MU) is a rare but aggressive epidermoid carcinoma observed in scars or wounds. This article provides comprehensive characteristics and prognostic details of MU. Clinical data of 40 patients with MU between January 2010 and December 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. Read More

Am J Clin Dermatol 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Dermatology and the Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5 E. 98th Street, New York, NY, 10029, USA.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases. AD is driven by barrier dysfunction and abnormal immune activation of T helper (Th) 2, Th22, and varying degrees of Th1 and Th17 among various subtypes. The Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) and spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) pathways are involved in signaling of several AD-related cytokines, such as IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-13, IL-31, IL-33, IL-23, IL-22, and IL-17, mediating downstream inflammation and barrier alterations. Read More

Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Dermatology, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland.

Introduction: Erysipelas and bacterial cellulitis are two of the most common infectious skin diseases. They are usually caused by the β-hemolytic group of Streptococcus, and less frequently by other bacteria. The objective of the study was to assess the factors affecting the length of stay of patients admitted to hospital with erysipelas or bacterial cellulitis. Read More

Microb Ecol 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.

Amphibians host a community of microbes on their skin that helps resist infectious disease via the dual influence of anti-pathogenic microbial species and emergent community dynamics. Many frogs rely on freshwater habitats, but salinization is rapidly increasing saltwater concentrations in wetlands around the globe, increasing the likelihood that frogs will come into contact with salt-contaminated habitats. Currently, we know little about how increased salt exposure will affect the symbiotic relationship between the skin microbes and frog hosts. Read More

Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Unit of Legal Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Cantabria, Av Cardenal Herrera Oria s/n, 39011, Santander, Spain.

Humans constantly lose epithelial cells, and these biological traces are frequently studied in the context of criminal investigations. The objective of this work was to examine the genetic profile in samples of forensic interest (nail and skin epithelial cells) of bone marrow transplant patients and discuss its forensic and clinical implications. The genetic profile of nail, epidermal cells and blood samples of patients receiving HSCT was analyzed by the amplification and sequencing of 38 insertion/deletion polymorphisms and 15 short tandem repeat polymorphisms. Read More

Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

BC Cancer Vancouver Centre, 600-10th Ave W, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada.

Purpose: Regorafenib is an oral multi-kinase inhibitor that offers an OS benefit to patients with mCRC refractory to standard therapy (Grothey et al., in Lancet 381:303-312, 2013), but comes with potential significant toxicities including grade 3 hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR). The pathogenesis of regorafenib-induced HFSR is not well established, but may be related to alterations in the capillary endothelium. Read More

Curr Genet 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Laboratory of Genomic Instability and Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751023, India.

DNA polymerases are evolved to extend the 3'-OH of a growing primer annealed to a template DNA substrate. Since replicative DNA polymerases have a limited role while replicating structurally distorted template, translesion DNA polymerases mostly from Y-family come to the rescue of stalled replication fork and maintain genome stability. DNA polymerase eta is one such specialized enzyme whose function is directly associated with casual development of certain skin cancers and chemo-resistance. Read More

Genes Genomics 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Department of Informatics, University of Evora, 7004-516, Evora, Portugal.

Background: Identification of differentially expressed genes, i.e., genes whose transcript abundance level differs across different biological or physiological conditions, was indeed a challenging task. Read More

Mikrochim Acta 2018 Dec 10;186(1):12. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Naragh Branch, Naragh, Iran.

An electrochemical sensor is described for the simultaneous determination of ortho-hydroxybenzoic acid (OHB) and para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHB). The sensor consists of a carbon paste electrode modified with nickel titanate nanoceramics (NiTiO/CPE). The NiTiO nanoceramics and the nanostructured modified CPE were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Read More

Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Institute of Translational Wound Research, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Street 10, 58453, Witten, Germany.

Lifestyle diseases such as diabetes and arteriosclerosis are rising in the increasingly aging society, and the number of patients with daily intake of glucose-lowering medication has also increased. Interestingly, knowledge about oral antidiabetics with regard to wound healing is scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify possible (side) effects of the most frequently prescribed oral antidiabetics on skin cells and wound healing. Read More